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Ten weeks following the Birmingham campaign (April 3, 1963 – May 10, 1963) the Justice Department documented 758 demonstrations across the nation. Throughout the summer, there were 13,786 arrests or demonstrations in 75 cities of the 11 southern states.[1] [2]

This is a list of campaigns that are part of the Civil Rights Movement.

Campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement by organization

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  • List of NAACP campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
    • Campaign against school segregation
      • Grade school desegregation
      • College desegregation
    • Double V campaign
    • Resistance to Anti-NAACP laws
  • List of CORE campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
  • List of SCLC campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
  • List of SNCC campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
    • CORE/SNCC Freedom Rides
    • SNCC/SCLC ASCS election campaigns
      • Southwest Georgia Voter Registration Project (Southwest Georgia Project)
  • List of COFO campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
  • List of Highlander campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
    • Highlander/SCLC Citizenship Education Program[3]

Southern region

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 *  denotes locations that required the presence of federal troops.
Southern campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement

Midwestern region

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Midwestern campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement

Northeastern region

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Northeastern campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement

Western region

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Western campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement

U.S. Territories

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Campaigns in the U.S. Territories during the Civil Rights Movement

References

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  1. ^ Scholarly sources for statement:
    • White, Theodore H. (1964). "Freedom Now — The Negro Revolution". The Making of the President 1964 (2010 ed.). Harper Collins. pp. 170–199. ISBN 9780062024954. The massive Birmingham protest had triggered demonstrations all across the nation, and, like firecrackers, one popping off the next, all through May and June of 1963, Negroes took to the streets. The National Guard patrolled Cambridge, Maryland; in Jacksonville, Florida, the police cleared demonstrations with tear gas; in Memphis, Tennessee, the city fathers closed the municipal pool. And everywhere from Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to Charlottesville, Virginia, students manned the lunch-counter front.
      The turbulence spread north: in Sacramento, Negroes sat-in at the State Capitol; in Detroit they invaded City Hall and demanded the city fire its chief of police and subject him to criminal trial; in New York, Negro activists dumped garbage on City Hall Plaza; in Philadelphia they clashed with police at a construction site; in Chicago, at a cemetery that refused to bury Negroes. In the ten weeks following the Birmingham uprising, the Department of Justice counted 758 demonstrations across the nation; during the course of the summer, there were 13,786 arrests of demonstrators in seventy-five cities of the eleven Southern states alone.
    • Jackson, Thomas F. (2013). From Civil Rights to Human Rights: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Struggle for Economic Justice. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 165–167. ISBN 9780812200003.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
    • Klinkner, Philip A.; Smith, Rogers M. (1999). The Unsteady March: The Rise and Decline of Racial Equality in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 267. ISBN 9780226443393.
    • Bloom, Jack M. (1987). Class, Race, and the Civil Rights Movement. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp. 177–178. ISBN 9780253204073.
    • Walker, Samuel (2012). Presidents and Civil Liberties from Wilson to Obama: A Story of Poor Custodians. Cambridge University Press. p. 217. ISBN 9781107379244. An August Justice Department memo listed 978 civil rights demonstrations across the country between late May and early August.
    • Euchner, Charles (2010). Nobody Turn Me Around: A People's History of the 1963 March on Washington. Beacon Press. ISBN 9780807095522. To track the civil rights wildfire, the Justice Department created a poster with a grid of activities across the country. "We didn't want to rely on the alarmist statistics produced by the FBI," said John Noland, a Justice Department lawyer.
    • Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. (2007). Journals: 1952-2000. Penguin. ISBN 9781101202647. My guess is that May-June 1963 will go down in history as the great turning point in the fight for Negro equality. There has been nothing like it in the way of spontaneous mass democracy in this county since the surge of labor organization in the summer of 1937.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
    • McAdam, Doug (December 1983). "Tactical Innovation and the Pace of Insurgency" (PDF). American Sociological Review. 48 (6): 735–754.
  2. ^ Government sources for statement:
  3. ^ a b c Cotton, Dorothy (2012). If Your Back's Not Bent: The Role of the Citizenship Education Program in the Civil Rights Movement. New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781439187425.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Scheips, pp. 161.

Bibliography

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Further reading

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  • United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Year-end reports, 1961-1964". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
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