User:Micro Nerd/sandbox

This is a user sandbox of Micro Nerd. You can use it for testing or practicing edits.
This is not the sandbox where you should draft your assigned article for a dashboard.wikiedu.org course.
To find the right sandbox for your assignment, visit your Dashboard course page and follow the Sandbox Draft link for your assigned article in the My Articles section.

Get Help

Etymology for page Handroanthus heptaphyllus

Its tribe name, "Tecomeae", is derived from its Brazilian vernacular name: tabebuia or taiaveruia. Its species name, "heptaphyllus", is derived from the Greek prefixes "hepta" and "phyllon" meaning "seven" and "leaf" respectively.

Class Project: Adding Virulence Section to Pilus

Virulence

Pili are responsible for virulence in the pathogenic strains of many species of bacteria including E. coli, Vibrio cholerae, and many strains of Streptococcus among others.^[1]^[2] This is because the presence of pili greatly enhance bacteria's ability to bind to body tissues, which then increases replication rates and ability to interact with the host organism.^[1] If a species of bacteria has multiple strains but only some are pathogenic, it is likely that the pathogenic strains will have pili while the nonpathogenic strains won't. ^[3]^[4]

These attachment pili may then result in the development of further virulence traits. V. cholerae first evolved pili, allowing it to bind to human tissues and form microcolonies. ^[1]^[4] The pilus then served as a binding site for a lysogenic bacteriophage (CTXɸ) that carries the disease-causing toxin. ^[1]^[4] The gene for this toxin, once incorporated into the bacterium's genome, is expressed when the gene coding for the pilus is expressed (hence the name "toxin mediated pilus").^[1]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Craig, Lisa; Taylor, Ronald (2014). "Chapter 1: The Vibrio cholerae Toxin Coregulated Pilus: Structure, Assembly, and Function with Implications for Vaccine Design". In Barocchi, Michèle; Telford, John (eds.). Bacterial Pili: Structure, Synthesis, and Role in Disease. C.A.B. International. pp. 1–16. ISBN 978-1-78064-255-0.
^ Rinaudo, Daniela; Moschioni, Monica (2014). "Chapter 13: Pilus-based Vaccine Development in Streptococci: Variability, Diversity, and Immunological Resposes". In Barocchi, Michèle; Telford, John (eds.). Bacterial Pili: Structure, Synthesis, and Role in Disease. C.A.B. International. pp. 182–202. ISBN 978-1-78064-255-0.
^ Todar, Kenneth. "Textbook of Bacteriology: Bacterial Structure in Relationship to Pathogenicity". Textbook of Bacteriology. Retrieved 11/24/2017. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c Georgiadou, Michaella; Pelicic, Vladimir (2014). "Chapter 5: Type IV Pili: Functions & Biogenesis". In Barocchi, Michèle; Telford, John (eds.). Bacterial Pili: Structure, Synthesis, and Role in Disease. C.A.B. International. pp. 71–84. ISBN 978-1-78064-255-0.

[:0-1] Craig, Lisa; Taylor, Ronald (2014). "Chapter 1: The Vibrio cholerae Toxin Coregulated Pilus: Structure, Assembly, and Function with Implications for Vaccine Design". In Barocchi, Michèle; Telford, John (eds.). Bacterial Pili: Structure, Synthesis, and Role in Disease. C.A.B. International. pp. 1–16. ISBN 978-1-78064-255-0.

[2] Rinaudo, Daniela; Moschioni, Monica (2014). "Chapter 13: Pilus-based Vaccine Development in Streptococci: Variability, Diversity, and Immunological Resposes". In Barocchi, Michèle; Telford, John (eds.). Bacterial Pili: Structure, Synthesis, and Role in Disease. C.A.B. International. pp. 182–202. ISBN 978-1-78064-255-0.

[3] Todar, Kenneth. "Textbook of Bacteriology: Bacterial Structure in Relationship to Pathogenicity". Textbook of Bacteriology. Retrieved 11/24/2017. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)

[:1-4] Georgiadou, Michaella; Pelicic, Vladimir (2014). "Chapter 5: Type IV Pili: Functions & Biogenesis". In Barocchi, Michèle; Telford, John (eds.). Bacterial Pili: Structure, Synthesis, and Role in Disease. C.A.B. International. pp. 71–84. ISBN 978-1-78064-255-0.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]