User:LibrarianGeek/sandbox
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This is a list of African-American newspapers that have been published in the state of California, including both historical and contemporary publications. California's first such newspaper was the Mirror of the Times, which began publishing in the mid-1850s.[1]
Although the number of African Americans in California did not exceed 1,100 until the 20th century,[2] seven African-American newspapers were established in the San Francisco Bay Area in the 19th century.[3]
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Northern California
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Northern_California_counties_in_red.png/220px-Northern_California_counties_in_red.png)
The Northern California region takes up the northern two-thirds of the state, including the Central Valley and San Francisco Bay Area.
City | Title | Beginning | End | Frequency | Call numbers | Remarks
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Fresno | The California Advocate | 1967[4] | current | Monthly / irregular[4] or weekly | ||
Menlo Park | Ravenswood Post | 1963?[5] | ?[5] | Weekly[5] |
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Oakland | The Black Panther | 1967[6] | 1980[6] | Weekly/ Biweekly/ Monthly[6] | ||
Oakland | Illustrated Guide: The recognized organ of the Colored people | 1892[7] | ?[7] | Weekly[7] |
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Oakland | Oakland Post / Oakland Sunday Post | 1963[8] | current | Weekly / Triweekly / Daily / Semiweekly[8] | ||
Oakland | Oakland Sunshine | 1897[9] | 1922[9] | Weekly[9] |
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Oakland | Oakland Times | 1869[10] | ?[10] | Daily (except Sunday)[10] | ||
Oakland[11] | San Francisco Post / San Francisco Sunday Post[11] | 1963[11] | Twice weekly / Weekly[11] | |||
Oakland | Berkeley Tri-city Post | 1985[12] | Weekly[12] | |||
Oakland | Western American | 1926[13] | 1929[13] | Weekly[13] |
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Palo Alto | Black Times: Voices of the National Community | 1971[14] | 1976?[14] | Monthly[14] | ||
Richmond | Richmond Post | 1963[15] | current | Twice weekly[15] |
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Sacramento | The Forum | 1906[16] | ?[16] | Twice weekly[16] |
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San Francisco | The Elevator: A Weekly Journal of Progress | 1865[17] | 1904[17] | Weekly[17] |
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Sacramento | The Sacramento Observer | 1964?[18] | current | Weekly[18] | ||
San Francisco | African American Chronicle | 1991[19] | 1993?[19] | Monthly newspaper[19] | ||
San Francisco | The Free American | 1866[20] | ?[20] | Weekly[20] | ||
San Francisco | The Lunar Visitor | 1862[21] | ?[21] | Monthly[21] |
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San Francisco | Pacific Appeal / The Pacific Appeal | 1862[22] | 1880[22] | Weekly[22] |
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San Francisco | San Francisco Reporter | 1942[23] | ?[23] | Weekly[23] |
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San Francisco | The Sun Reporter | 1943[24] | Weekly[24] | |||
San Francisco | California Voice | 1919[25] | Weekly[25] | |||
San Francisco | Western Appeal | 1919?[26] | ?[26] | Twice-monthly[26] | ||
San Francisco | Mirror of the Times | 1855,[1] 1856,[3][30] or 1857[28] | 1862[28] or 1858[29] | Weekly[28] |
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San Francisco | Peninsula Metro Reporter | 1972?[31] | 1993?[31] | Weekly[31] | ||
San Francisco | San Francisco Bay View | 1976[32] | current | Biweekly[32] | ||
San Francisco | San Francisco Metro Reporter | 1972[33] | ?[33] | Weekly[33] | ||
San Francisco | San Francisco Vindicator | 1884[34] | 1906[34] | Weekly[34] | ||
San Francisco | The Western Outlook | 1894[35] | 1928[35] | Weekly[35] | ||
San Jose | The Forum | 1908[36] | ?[36] | Weekly[36] |
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San Jose | The Phoenix | 1891[37] | 1892[37] | Daily (except Monday)[37] |
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Stockton | Progressor / San Joaquin Progressor | 1969[38] | ?[38] | Weekly[38] |
Southern California
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Southern_California_counties_in_red_noshade.png/220px-Southern_California_counties_in_red_noshade.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/California_Eagle_1916-04-08.jpg/220px-California_Eagle_1916-04-08.jpg)
The Southern California region takes up the southern third of the state, and includes the Los Angeles metropolitan area, San Diego, and the Inland Empire region.
City | Title | Beginning | End | Frequency | Call numbers | Remarks
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Altadena | The Eagle (1973–?)[40] / Pasadena Eagle (1968–1973)[39] | 1968[40] | ?[39] | Weekly[40] |
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Bakersfield | The Bakersfield Advocate | 1970s[41] | 1979[41] | Weekly[41] | ||
Bakersfield | 1970[42] | 1970s[42] | Weekly[42] | *LCCN sn95061892 | ||
Bakersfield | The Colored Citizen | 1914[43] | ?[43] | Weekly[43] |
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Bakersfield | The News | 1957[44] | ?[44] | Monthly newspaper[44] |
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Bakersfield | Bakersfield News Observer | 1977[45] | Weekly[45] |
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Bakersfield | Outlook / The News Publication (1950s–1961)[47] / The Outlook: The News Publication (1961–1964)[48] / The Outlook (1964–1966)[49] / The Outlook News (1966–?)[46] | 1950s | ?[46] | Twice-monthly,[47] later weekly[49][46] |
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Beverly Hills | The Ethiopian Mirror | 1993?[50] | ?[50] | Monthly newspaper[50] |
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Compton | Compton Bulletin | 1970?[51] | current | Weekly[51] | ||
Compton | Metropolitan Gazette | 1967?[52] | ?[52] | Weekly[52] |
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Compton | Compton Star Review | 1927?[53] | ?[53] | Weekly[53] |
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Culver City | Culver City Wave | 1925[54] | Weekly[54] |
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Hollywood | The National Record | 1944[55] | 1993?[55] | Monthly newspaper.[55] | ||
Los Angeles | African Connection Newspaper | 1988?[56] | Biweekly[56] | |||
Los Angeles | South End Bee | 1934[57] | 1987?[57] | Weekly[57] | ||
Los Angeles | Bronzeville News | 1943[58] | ?[58] | Weekly[58] | ||
Los Angeles | Herald-Dispatch | 1952[59] | Weekly[59] | |||
Los Angeles | The California Eagle | 1879[60] | 1965[60] | Weekly[60] |
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Los Angeles | Central News Wave | 1963?[61] | Weekly[61] |
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Los Angeles | Firestone Park News & Southeast News-Press | 1954?[62] | ?[62] | Weekly[62] | ||
Los Angeles | Florence Messenger | 1939?[63] | 1983?[63] | Weekly[63] |
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Los Angeles | Florence News | 1986?[64] | ?[64] | Twice monthly[64] | ||
Los Angeles | The Illustrated Journal | 1956[65] | ?[65] | Weekly[65] | ||
Los Angeles | Los Angeles Black Voice | 1968[66] | ?[66] | Weekly[66] | ||
Los Angeles | Los Angeles Herald | 1950?[67] | ?[67] | Weekly[67] | ||
Los Angeles (Pacoima) | Pacoima Herald-Dispatch | 1952[68] | ?[68] | Weekly[68] | ||
Los Angeles | New Age Dispatch or New Age[69] | 1907[69] | 1949[69] | Weekly[69] | ||
Inglewood | Los Angeles Bay News Observer | 1986?[70] | Weekly[70] |
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Los Angeles | The Weekly Observer | 1888[71] | 1888[71] | Weekly[71] | ||
Los Angeles | The Liberator | 1901 [73] | 1913 [72] | Published by Jefferson Lewis Edmonds.[74] | ||
Los Angeles | The Pacific Defender | 1923[75] | Weekly[75] | |||
Los Angeles | Pacific Enterprise | 1927[76] | Weekly[76] |
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Los Angeles | Los Angeles Sentinel | 1933[77] or 1934[78] | current | Weekly[78] | ||
Los Angeles | Watts Star Review | 1875[79] or 1929[80] | Weekly[79] | |||
Los Angeles | Angeles Mesa Wave | 1978[81] | ?[81] | Weekly[81] |
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Los Angeles | Hawthorne Wave | 1981[82] | 1987?[82] | Weekly[82] |
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Los Angeles | Inglewood Wave | 1981[83] | 1987?[83] | Weekly[83] | ||
Los Angeles | Southwest Wave | 1920[84] | 1987?[84] | Weekly[84] |
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Los Angeles | Topics / Sun Wave | 1942?[85] | Weekly[85] |
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Los Angeles | Westchester Wave | 1921?[86] | Weekly[86] |
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Los Angeles | The Western Clarion | 1926?[87] | ?[87] | Weekly[87] | ||
Los Angeles | The Western Dispatch | 1921[88] | ?[88] | Weekly[88] | ||
Los Angeles | The Western News | 1889[89] | 1889[89] | Weekly[89] | ||
Los Angeles | Inglewood Hawthorne Wave | 1987?[90] | Weekly[90] |
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Los Angeles | L.A. Watts Times | 1976?[91] | Weekly[91] | |||
Los Angeles / Inglewood | The Los Angeles Community Circle News / Los Angeles Community Circle Clipper | 1989[92] | Bimonthly newspaper[92] | |||
Los Angeles | Los Angeles Illustrated Reflector | 1934?[93] | ?[93] | Weekly[93] | ||
Los Angeles | Los Angeles Tribune | 1941[94] | 1960[94] | Weekly[94] | ||
Los Angeles | The Los Angeles Truth | 1935?[95] | ?[95] | Unknown[95] | ||
Los Angeles | The National Negro Press | 1970?[96] | ?[96] | Unknown[96] | ||
Los Angeles | The Search Light and Open Sesame | 1893[97] | 1908[97] | Weekly[97] | ||
Los Angeles (or Bakersfield)[99] | United Pictorial Review | 1965[98] or 1966[99] | ?[98] | Weekly[98] |
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Los Angeles | Southeast Star Wave | 1938?[100] | 1987?[100] | Weekly[100] |
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Los Angeles | Southern California Guide | 1892[101] | 1895[101] | Weekly[101] | ||
Los Angeles | Southside Journal Wave | 1937?[102] | 1987?[102] | Weekly[102] |
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Los Angeles | Southwestern Sun Wave | 1947?[103] | 1987?[103] | Weekly[103] |
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Los Angeles | Tribune Mesa News Wave | 1978[104] | Weekly[104] |
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Los Angeles | Wave | 1958?[105] | Weekly[105] |
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Pasadena | The Western Herald | 1925?[106] | ?[106] | Weekly[106] | ||
Redlands | The Colored Citizen | 1905[107] | 1906[107] | Monthly newspaper[107] |
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Riverside | Black Voice News / The Black Voice News[108] | 1972[108] | current | Weekly[108] | ||
San Bernardino | Precinct Reporter | 1965[109] | Weekly[109] | |||
San Bernardino | The San Bernardino American | 1969[110] | Weekly[110] | |||
San Diego | San Diego Voice & Viewpoint | 1960[111] | Current[111] | Weekly[111] | https://sdvoice.info/ | |
San Diego | San Diego Eagle | 1923?[112] | ?[112] | Weekly[112] | ||
Santa Ana | The Orange County Star Review | 1971[113] | 1973?[113] | Weekly[113] |
See also
[edit]- List of African-American newspapers and media outlets
- List of African-American newspapers in Arizona
- List of African-American newspapers in Nevada
- List of African-American newspapers in Oregon
- List of newspapers in California
Works cited
[edit]- Abajian, James De Tarr (1974). Blacks and Their Contributions to the American West: A Bibliography and Union List of Library Holdings Through 1970. G. K. Hall. ISBN 9780816111398.
- Berardi, Gayle K.; Segady, Thomas W. (1990). "The Development of African-American Newspapers in the American West: A Sociohistorical Perspective". The Journal of Negro History. 75 (3/4): 96–111. doi:10.2307/3031501. JSTOR 3031501. S2CID 142393523.
- Danky, James Philip; Hady, Maureen E., eds. (1998). African-American newspapers and periodicals : a national bibliography. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674007888.
- Junne, George H. (2000). Blacks in the American West and Beyond--America, Canada, and Mexico: A Selectively Annotated Bibliography. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9780313312083.
- Smith, Jessie Carney (2012). Black Firsts: 4,000 Ground-Breaking and Pioneering Historical Events. Visible Ink Press. ISBN 9781578593699.
- Snorgrass, J. William (1981). "The Black Press in the San Francisco Bay Area, 1856-1900". California History. 60 (4): 306–317. doi:10.2307/25158067. JSTOR 25158067.
References
[edit]- ^ a b Smith 2012, p. 409.
- ^ Berardi & Segady 1990, p. 110.
- ^ a b Snorgrass 1981, p. 306.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 129, ¶ 1338.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 485, ¶ 5055.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 93, ¶ 957.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 291, ¶ 3055.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 436, ¶ 4543.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 436, ¶ 4544.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 436, ¶ 4545.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 501, ¶ 5227.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 67, ¶ 693.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 610, ¶ 6381.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 102, ¶ 1050.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 493, ¶ 5145.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 234, ¶ 2451.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 209, ¶ 2183.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 498, ¶ 5200.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 12, ¶ 119.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 236, ¶ 2477.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 348, ¶ 3645.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 449, ¶ 4686.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 501, ¶ 5228.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 548, ¶ 5722.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 129, ¶ 1343.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 611, ¶ 6382.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
san-francisco
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 369, ¶ 3850.
- ^ Snorgrass 1981, p. 307.
- ^ Abajian 1974, p. 386, ¶ 4190.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 457, ¶ 4763.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 500, ¶ 5224.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 501, ¶ 5226.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 501, ¶ 5229.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 612, ¶ 6396.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 234, ¶ 2452.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 462, ¶ 4819.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 476, ¶ 4959.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
loc-eagle-pasadena
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
loc-eagle-altadena
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
loc-bakersfield-advocate
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
loc-challenger
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 162, ¶ 1679.
- ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
loc-news-bakersfield
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 58, ¶ 590.
- ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
loc-outlook-news
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
loc-news-publication
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
loc-outlook-news-publication
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
loc-outlook
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c d e Danky & Hady 1998, p. 215, ¶ 2246.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 171, ¶ 1776.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 362, ¶ 3783.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 171, ¶ 1777.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 182, ¶ 1897.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 394, ¶ 4099.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 14, ¶ 141.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 524, ¶ 5473.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 117, ¶ 1214.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 275, ¶ 2880.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 129, ¶ 1342.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 142, ¶ 1472.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 224, ¶ 2346.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 228, ¶ 2386.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 228, ¶ 2387.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 291, ¶ 3056.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3624.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3627.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 450, ¶ 4691.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 406, ¶ 4230.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3623.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 607, ¶ 6347.
- ^ "Internet Archive". Internet Archive. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- ^ "Internet Archive". Internet Archive. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- ^ "The J.L. Edmonds Project". The J.L. Edmonds Project.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 449, ¶ 4688.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 450, ¶ 4689.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
bp-sentinel
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3629.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 604, ¶ 6317.
- ^ Sloan 1977, p. 108.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 44, ¶ 449.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 271, ¶ 2843.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 298, ¶ 3134.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 531, ¶ 5544.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 564, ¶ 5886.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 610, ¶ 6379.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 611, ¶ 6384.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 611, ¶ 6387.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 612, ¶ 6395.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 297, ¶ 3133.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 330, ¶ 3456.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3625.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3628.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3630.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 347, ¶ 3631.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 392, ¶ 4085.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 506, ¶ 5285.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 578, ¶ 6044.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
loc-pictorial
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 525, ¶ 5486.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 526, ¶ 5494.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 531, ¶ 5540.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 532, ¶ 5549.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 567, ¶ 5924.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 605, ¶ 6320.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 611, ¶ 6390.
- ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 162, ¶ 1680.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 104, ¶ 1074.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 470, ¶ 4901.
- ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 500, ¶ 5221.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 500, ¶ 5223.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 500, ¶ 5222.
- ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 445, ¶ 4643.
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