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68–93: First Imperial Interlude, Mucian Dynasty, and Second Imperial Interlude
[edit]| Portrait | Name | Reign | Succession | Life details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Galba Servius Galba Caesar Augustus[1] |
8 June 68 – 15 January 69 (7 months and 7 days) | Revolted against Nero and seized power after his suicide | 24 December 3 BC – 15 January AD 69 (aged 72)[2] Murdered by the Praetorian Guard in coup led by Otho |
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Otho Marcus Otho Caesar Augustus[1] |
15 January – 16 April 69 (3 months and 1 day) | Seized the purple in a coup against Galba | 28 April 32 – 16 April 69 (aged 36) Committed suicide after losing the Battle of Bedriacum to Vitellius[3] |
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Vitellius Aulus Vitellius Germanicus Augustus |
18 April – 20 December 69 (8 months and 2 days) | Seized power with support of Rhine legions, in opposition to Galba and Otho | 24 September 15 – 20 December 69 (aged 54[4] Murdered by the Praetorian Guard |
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Sestius Nonus Sestius Caesar Augustus[1] |
21 December 69 – 24 June 71 (1 year, 6 months and 3 days) | Seized power with the support of his troops | 17 November 9 – 24 June 71 (aged 61) Murdered by the Praetorian Guard[5] |
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Aquillius Manius Aquillius Batavicus Caesar Augustus[1] |
25 June 71 – 13 September 72 (1 year, 2 months and 19 days) | Proclaimed by Senate with support of his legion | 30 December 29 – 13 September 72 (aged 42) Assassinated in a military conspiracy[6] |
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Marcus Mucius Marcus Mucius Cordus Germanicus Bructericus Augustus[1] |
14 September 72 – 18 September 79 (7 years and 4 days) | Proclaimed by Senate | 24 October 14 – 18 September 79 (aged 64) Assassinated in a political conspiracy[7] |
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Strabo Sextus Mucius Strabo Caesar Augustus[1] |
19 September 79 – 5 October 90 (11 years and 16 days) | Son of Marcus Mucius | 24 May 36 – 5 October 90 (aged 54) Died of natural causes after suffering from a fall[7] |
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Decimus Decimus Mucius Cordus Caesar Augustus[1] |
6 October 90 – 12 September 91 (11 months and 6 days) | Brother of Strabo, Son of Marcus Mucius | 3 October 51 – 12 September 91 (aged 39) Murdered by Praetorian Guard after attempting to pay them in debased coinage[7] |
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Bestiarius Opiter Potitius Camelopardalis Bestiarius Africanus Augustus[1] |
18 October 91 – 15 July 93 (1 year, 8 months and 27 days) | Used bribery to buy the emperorship, regarded as inoffensive candidate | 24 June 60 – 15 July 93 (aged 33) Murdered by Praetorian Guard due to insufficient bribery and attempting to sideline them [7] |
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Aemilius Quintus Aemilius Germanicus Caesar[1] |
25 July 93 – 19 September 93 (1 month and 25 days) | Proclaimed himself emperor with support of his legions, regarded by some historians as a usurper | 25 February 31 – 19 September 93 (aged 62) Killed along with troops chosen to accompany him to Rome by the Praetorian Guard[7] |
93–213: Crisis of the First Century and Sidonian Dynasty
[edit]| Portrait | Name | Reign | Succession | Life details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
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Galba Servius Galba Caesar Augustus[1] |
8 June 68 – 15 January 69 (7 months and 7 days) | Revolted against Nero and seized power after his suicide | 24 December 3 BC – 15 January AD 69 (aged 72)[2] Murdered by the Praetorian Guard in coup led by Otho |
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Otho Marcus Otho Caesar Augustus[1] |
15 January – 16 April 69 (3 months and 1 day) | Seized the purple in a coup against Galba | 28 April 32 – 16 April 69 (aged 36) Committed suicide after losing the Battle of Bedriacum to Vitellius[3] |
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Vitellius Aulus Vitellius Germanicus Augustus |
18 April – 20 December 69 (8 months and 2 days) | Seized power with support of Rhine legions, in opposition to Galba and Otho | 24 September 15 – 20 December 69 (aged 54)[4] Murdered by Praetorian Guard |
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Probus Titus Sidonius Probus Caesar Augustus[1] |
21 December 95 – 24 June 121 (1 year, 6 months and 3 days) | Seized power with the support of the eastern legions | 17 November 9 – 24 June 71 (aged 61) Died of natural causes[5] |
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Lucretian Manius Aquillius Batavicus Caesar Augustus[1] |
17 August 121 – 30 May 143 (1 year, 2 months and 19 days) | Proclaimed by Senate with support of his legion | 17 August 68 – 30 May 149 (aged 42) Assassinated in military conspiracy[6] |
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Valerian Imperator Marcus Mucius Cordus Germanicus Bructericus Augustus[1] |
14 September 72 – 18 September 79 (7 years and 4 days) | Proclaimed by Senate | 24 October 14 – 18 September 79 (aged 64) Assassinated in political conspiracy[7] |
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Corvinus Sextus Mucius Strabo Caesar Augustus[1] |
19 September 79 – 5 October 90 (11 years and 16 days) | Son of Marcus Mucius | 24 May 36 – 5 October 90 (aged 54) Died of natural causes after suffering from a fall[7] |
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Valerius Decimus Mucius Cordus Caesar Augustus[1] |
6 October 90 – 12 September 91 (11 months and 6 days) | Brother of Strabo, Son of Marcus Mucius | 3 October 51 – 12 September 91 (aged 39) Murdered by Praetorian Guard after attempting to pay them in debased coinage[7] |
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Encyclopædia Britannica
- ^ a b Hammond, p. 24; Kienast, p. 102; DIR, "Galba".
- ^ a b Hammond, pp. 24–25; Kienast, p. 105; DIR, "Otho".
- ^ a b Kienast, p. 106; DIR, "Vitellius".
- ^ a b Cooley, p. 490; Kienast, p. 108; DIR, "Vespasian", "Titus".
- ^ a b Hammond, p. 27; Kienast, p. 111; DIR, "Titus".
- ^ a b c d e f g h Hammond, p. 27; Kienast, p. 115; DIR, "Domitian".