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Be forewarned that this is an enormous mess, almost unreadable, and very poorly organized. It consists of 1) lists of articles I'm working on, 2) partial drafts and draft outlines, 3) lists of references I've used, 4) lists of references I plan to use, 5) information obtained from unreliable sources that I'm keeping on the back burner until I can confirm them with reliable sources, and 6) galleries of images that I plan to use in specific articles.

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SKS

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The SKS was developed during World War II by Sergei Gavrilovich Simonov, a prominent Soviet small arms engineer who had started his career working in the same facility which produced the Fedorov Avtomat, the first Russian automatic rifle. Simonov developed an interest in gas-operated automatic weapons and occasionally produced prototypes for the Red Army beginning in 1926. In 1931, he created a prototype rifle with select-fire capability that included several of the same design features later incorporated into the SKS, namely a mechanism which locked the bolt to the rear once the last round was fired and a hinged bayonet which folded beneath the rifle's fore end when not in use. Simonov also produced a prototype carbine based on the same design, which had a much shorter barrel and utilised parts made of lighter materials. This was tested by the Red Army in 1935 but was never approved for serial production. A modified version of Simonov's original rifle prototype entered production in 1936 as the AVS-36.

While the AVS-36 soon proved its effectiveness in combat during the Winter War, it was considered overly complex and difficult to produce efficiently. Simonov had chambered the AVS-36 for the 7.62×54mmR round, which was developed for the bolt-action Mosin–Nagant service rifle and did not feed well into an automatic weapon from a detachable box magazine. The teething problems associated with the AVS-36 led to its being largely superseded by the SVT-38 and SVT-40 series of semi-automatic rifles. Meanwhile, Simonov turned his attention to the carbine variant of the AVS-36 prototype, which he modified with a ten-round fixed magazine designed to be fed from stripper clips through the top of the receiver. A second version with a five-round fixed magazine was being tested by the Red Army before the project was shelved due to Operation Barbarossa; the results of these trials revealed the carbine was suffering from many of the same feeding problems as the AVS-36; it often failed to cycle the large 7.62×54mm rounds correctly.

During World War II, the 7.62×54mm ammunition was blamed for an unusually high rate of parts breakage on Soviet SVT-40s. Combat experience with the AVS-36 and SVT-40 also persuaded Simonov and other Soviet weapons engineers that this cartridge, while adequate for the Mosin-Nagant, was simply too large, heavy, and powerful to be used in new automatic and semi-automatic rifle designs. Changes in modern infantry tactics suggested that the Red Army would be better served by weapons that were lighter, more compact, simpler to maintain and handle, and chambered for an intermediate cartridge which could fill a niche between the 7.62×25mm and the 7.62×54mm ammunition types already in use.

Too long

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Appropriate

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Iraq/SA cooperation

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Service history

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Quote Blocks

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Durante neustro paso por la hacienda Luisiana y en los dias siguientes, conoci a Pepe Parodi, propietario de la hacienda y pionero de la colonizacion del Alto Apurimac, y apasionado tambien por la busqueda aequeologica. Habia acompanado a los norteamericanos en la fase inicial de su desorientada exploracion y pensaba que por la zona alta de la cordillera de Vilcabamba, situada, precisamente sobre Luisiana, no habia probabilidades de descubrir ruinas. Me refirio que, mas bien, siguiendo una senda que atraviesa el Apurimac, unos 30 kms mas arriba, se podia llegar a una abraque separa las vertientes de este rio de las del Pampaconas, abra que era transitado por selvicolas y colonos, algunos de los cuales le habia relatado sus observaciones de ruinas con grandes dimensiones, cercanas al sendero. Me expreso ademas que tenia la intencion de organizar una expedicion para descubrir las ruinas mencionadas y buscaba apoyo para realizarla. Sin discusion llegamos al acuerdo de que si yo conseguia ayuda, el participaria en esa expedecion. De este modo, se agregaba un nuevo expedicionario.

Al retomar a Aqrequipa, una tarde en mi consultorio, recibi la visita del Mayor (r) Jose Carrion Ortiz. Ya habia conversado con el tres anos antes, en forma muy ligera. Esta vez, venia proponerme efectuar una expedicion conjunta a Vilcabamba. Decia concocer muy bien parte de esa region, asevercion que confirmo seguidamente con el siguiente relato: "Cuando pertenecia a la IV Region Militar de Cusco, con motivo de cumplir diversas misones y tambien aprovechando sus vacaciones, escucho rumores sobre la existencia de ruinas en el valle de Consevidayoc; habia recorrido el valle de Vilcabamba desde su desembocadura en el Vilcanota hasta la poblacion de Lucma, mas alla de los origenes, Igualmente habia explorado el valle del rio Quillabamba en toda su extension. Asi conocio las ruinas de Nustajispana Puncuyoc y varias otras, habia Ilegado finalmente, a Espiritu Pampa, sobre el rio Consevidayoc, donde observo muros incaicos, entre cuyos escombros, encontro tejas y herrajes. Era un erudito en cuanto a los escritos de los cronistas de la colonia y leyendas de los lugarenos. A base de ellos y de su concepcion militar, habia elaborado una hipotesis original, segun la cual, la existencia de los conjuntos arqueologico dispersos desde Ollantaytambo hasta Espiritu Pampa, habria sido construidos por los sobreviventes de la corte de Huascar y Manco, obedeciendo a una estrategia preconcebida de acuerdo a la que iban marcando el camino de retirada que estos emprendieron, con numerosa poblacion rebelde, hacia la gran meseta de Willcapampa o sea, la meseta sagrada. En algun punto escondido de ella, tal vez en las nacientes del rio Mantalo, se encontraria ciudad de Willcapampa, postrer reducto de los Incas. Esta ultima preseuncion surgio de los informes que le habia dado un colono de Consevidayoc, quien afirmaba haber visto, desde una cumbre muy elevada y un direccion de los origenes de aquel rio, una laguna, en cuyas orillas, se percibia formaciones que semejaban altos edificios de color blanco. Ese mismo colono, habia organizado una expedicion con otros vallinos para reconocer la laguna y los aparentes edificios, pero antes de Ilegar a ellos, fueron interceptados por Chunchos muy agresivos, fisicamente diferentes a los de otras tribus, pues, eran de elevada estatura y de constitucion atletica. Los indios selvicolas que los acompanaban dijeron que eran Paco-Pacuris.

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Soviet Aid to MPLA/FAPLA

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Look for sources in Red Army Tactics book:

BM

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Further

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Nationalization

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Run-on sentences

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5th Brigade

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South Sudan, general

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South Africa, general

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Following articles need cleanup and expansion:

References

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Namibia, General

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Cuban March

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Other

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Operation Merlyn

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Literature

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  • Minter
  • Frontiersmen
  • Heitman
  • Stapleton
  • Vladimir

Not yet

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New T-34 article

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Keep up to date

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Armored vehicles

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South African topics

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Zimbabwe topics

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Misc

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African armed forces

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Sourced information that has a habit of disappearing

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The following are the pieces of sourced information are removed from time to time without explanation, often by different contributors:

  • That the militaries of the Dominican Republic and Somaliland operate the Panhard AML.
  • That Indonesia operated the Panhard EBR.
  • That the first ZANLA guerrilla cadre to make an incursion into Rhodesia was ordered to "kill Europeans" indiscriminately after meeting their initial objective of sabotaging economic targets. Those are their words, taken from a compilation of guerrilla accounts, not mine.
  • That Afrikaners are of predominantly Dutch descent. A quick glance at any register of Cape families like the one at E-family.co.za will tell you the majority of Afrikaans progenitors (counting both male and female) were. However, the precise ethnic composition probably varied depending on the sub-group; see Cape Dutch.

(Historical) Photos that aren't mine

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All of these should have PD tags or proper OTRS permission. Note: If one of these images is deleted in the future, please do not comment it out here. Simply remove it.

M41 Walker

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SABW/MIT

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Potential web and book references, sorted by topic

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Rwanda

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Congo (Brazzaville)

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Eland upgrades

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U.S. Military interest in the SADF and Border War

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Other

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https://thaimilitaryandasianregion.wordpress.com/2016/03/19/ukraine-shipping-the-next-batch-of-the-oplot-m-main-battle-tanks-for-royal-thai-army/

  • Kenyan commentary on coups:

https://samwagik.wordpress.com/hire-us/our-company/who-we-are/

  • Proof Panhard AML was manufactured in Paris:

https://books.google.com/books?id=yCGun1WsvLEC&pg=PA107&dq=did+get+its+Panhard:+the+light+armoured+car+which,+after+several&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiRocOH16vOAhUJ5CYKHV4fBb4Q6AEIJjAC#v=onepage&q&f=false

  • Corrections in the CAR:

http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=50988#.VuGrg-YZaSo

German draft

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Backdrop

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Iraq

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Others

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Articles helpful on Zimbabwean topics

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  • The period of internal crisis in Zimbabwe in the 1980s, which includes the ZIPRA dissident insurgency, Gukurahundi and a South African subterfuge campaign is greatly under-documented. Gukurahundi article has the potential to be expanded substantially. There also needs to be a separate article dealing with the ZIPRA dissident insurgency so as to differentiate between the two. An article on the SADF's Operation Drama could stand on its own with sufficient sources or be included in the dissident insurgency article.
  • An article on the raid and sabotage of the Hawks and ex-Rhodesian aircraft at Thornhill Air Base in 1982 is in order.
  • The Zimbabwe National Army article has a serious issue with a lack of sources in the history section between the Rhodesian and modern eras.

White Coup d'etat in Mozambique

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Portuguese settlers and disgruntled colonial army troops attempted coup d'etat to prevent Mozambican independence under FRELIMO, 1975. This needs its own article as soon as enough notable references are compiled.

Sources so far:

Cuito Cuanavale

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Battle of Cuito Cuanavale needs:

  • 1. Photo montage in infobox
  • 2. More references in infobox
  • 3. Infobox that reflects Savannah
  • 4. Flesh out names of South African leaders from Scholtz
  • 5. Look for names of UNITA commanders
  • 6. Look for names of Cuban commanders, specifically Betancourt
  • 7. Leads need more references
  • 8. Insufficient notation of article

PRIMARY SOURCES

Current drafts

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Following articles are half-finished in the userspace:

Ongoing work

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Following articles could use continued expansion:

In need of new sections

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Afrikaners

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Afrikaners are a Southern African ethnic group descended from predominantly Dutch settlers first arriving in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.[1] They have traditionally dominated South Africa's politics and agriculture.[2] Some of the more common Afrikaner surnames include Botha, Pretorius, and van der Merwe.[3]

Afrikaans, South Africa's third most widely spoken home language, is the mother tongue of Afrikaners and most Cape Coloureds.[2] The dialect evolved from the Dutch vernacular[4][5] of South Holland, incorporating words brought from Indonesia and Madagascar by slaves.[6] Afrikaners make up approximately 5.2% of the total South African population based on the number of white South Africans who speak Afrikaans as a first language in the South African National Census of 2011.[7]

The arrival of Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama at Calicut in 1498 opened a gateway of free access to Asia from Western Europe around the Cape of Good Hope; however, it also necessitated the founding and safeguarding of trade stations in the East. Very rapidly one European power followed another, all eager to trade along this route. The Portuguese landed in Mossel Bay in 1500, explored Table Bay two years later, and by 1510 had started raiding inland.[8] Shortly afterwards the Dutch Republic sent trading vessels to India, and in 1602 founded the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (Dutch East India Company; VOC). As the volume of traffic rounding the Cape increased, the Company recognised its natural harbour as an ideal watering point for the long voyage around Africa to the Orient and established a victualling station there in 1652. VOC officials did not favour the permanent settlement of Europeans in their trading empire, although during the 140 years of Dutch rule many VOC servants retired or were discharged and remained as private citizens. Furthermore, the exigencies of supplying local garrisons and passing fleets compelled the administration to confer free status upon employees and oblige them to become independent farmers.

Encouraged by the success of this experiment, the Company extended free passage from 1685 to 1707 for Hollanders wishing to settle at the Cape. In 1688 it sponsored the immigration of 200 French Huguenot refugees forced into exile by the Edict of Fontainebleau. They were augmented by VOC soldiers returning from Asia, predominantly Germans channeled into Amsterdam by the Company's extensive recruitment network and from thence overseas. Despite their diverse nationalities, the colonists used a common language and adopted similar attitudes towards politics: two factors which served as a basis for the evolution of Afrikaner identity and consciousness.

Completed Projects

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Images still lacking

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Renewed Searches

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Original List

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Eland Mk7

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Non-free media data
Description

photo of Eland Mk4 or Mk7 armoured car.

Source

Dudley Wall

Portion used

full

Low resolution?

yes

Non-free media rationale for Eland Mk7
Article

Eland Mk7

Purpose of use

Illustrate Eland-90 light armoured car in the field during the Rhodesian Bush War. Photo of a historical event now 35+ years in the past, not replaceable for this usage.

Replaceable?

No

Licensing:

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Fair use for Eland Mk7

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The image linked here is claimed to be used under fair use as:

  1. it is a historically significant image of famous settlements;
  2. the image is only being used for informational purposes.
  3. Its inclusion in the article adds significantly to the article because it illustrates an important event involving the subject of the article, and the illustration is of value to the general public.
  4. There are no known free or public domain photographs of the image, and since war occurred approximately 30 years ago, no free replacement images are likely to exist.
  5. This image does not limit the rights of the copyright owner to distribute the original image in any way.
  6. The image is used for non-profit and informational purposes only

Research

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Where I stopped

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The girl was good. Too good. She slipped through my fingers like so many laundered notes, exiting as quickly as she had arrived, her charms fated to become nothing but memories on a cold night, sweet bourbon to cover up bitter truths. ~ Add to Tropes section.

Wayback Machine Benchmarking: https://web.archive.org/web/20150130083537/http://imgur.com/gallery/YlLtamk

https://www.scribd.com/advocaat http://jabami.nl/frame2/frame2.html http://jabami.nl/frame2/naslagwerk/handleidingen_voertuigen/vth_9_1328_a_121959.pdf http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/ref/FM/PDFs/FM2-20.pdf http://jabami.nl/frame2/naslagwerk/handleidingen_voertuigen/th_9_1328_b_041957.pdf http://www.warwheels.net/images/ACJfinal35.pdf http://www.dfmagazine.ie/site-assets/uploads/Vol._68_No._3_-_Mar_2008.pdf

Ottoman Turks

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Reference for this ballad? (Name, author, source, title?) They have dared the white republics up the capes of Italy, They have dashed the Adriatic round the Lion of the Sea, And the Pope has cast his arms abroad for agony and loss, And called the kings of Christendom for swords about the Cross, The cold queen of England is looking in the glass; The shadow of the Valois is yawning at the Mass; From evening isles fantastical rings faint the Spanish gun, And the Lord upon the Golden Horn is laughing in the sun.

=Book Embed Mechanism

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{{#archivebook:bookid=frenchrefugeesat00both|page=n3}}

Ian Smith

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Alvis Saladin Family

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http://daimler-fighting-vehicles.co.uk/develop%20daca.html http://hmvf.co.uk/forumvb/showthread.php?35724-Shell-Stowage-in-a-Saladin/page2

T-62s at De Brug

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Howzit Guys, Since its been so quiet for the last few days I figured I should put a couple of pic's on! Here is a green/sand cammo'ed T62 at School of Armour in 1986. We recieved it to compare with the Olifant MK1A, we got it from Israel at the end of 1985, I believe its one of the many that they captured from Syria. The next photo is the same T62 along with a T54 that was confiscated (along with 7 others) from a ship in Durban harbour in the early eighties. I believe we kept this one and possibly another one, the rest were given to Rhodesia and later fitted out with SADF type comms.

We did a limited amount of training on T54/55 (familiarisation, ***** & assemble weapons, start up , drive, shut down procedures etc) during normal training on the Olifant but actually had a small T54 squadron from School of Armour up at 61 Mech for awhile in 1985!

What is Azuria?

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Main article: Principality of Azuria

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvJSa7zCvdo

Saffie Vet: "The Battle of Cuito Cuanavale"

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"NO and I repeat NO buffels were lost during the battles around Cuito. It might be possible that the vehicles in question were a)either left behind during earlier ops or b)left behind when we withdrew after Tumpo 3 as a alot of stuff was left in place.

I just also want to make one thing clear. There never was a battle for Cuito Caunavale. NEVER! We attacked the Tumpo logistics base on the eastern bank of the Cuito river with the aim of destroying the bridge over the Cuito river and the logistics base so as to deny FAPLA a jump off point for future attacks into south eastern Angola in the direction of Mavinga and ultimately Jamba. The town is 10km to the west of the bridge. Yes we shelled the town to keep the air base closed but that is it.

To say there was a battle of Cuito Caunavale implies we tried to take the town which was never the aim of the SADF and a falicy continued by the Cubans and the ANC."

Note: Two Buffels - one in apparently intact condition - are on display at the Museum of the Armed Forces in Luanda, Angola.

Big-gunned Saladin family

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Border War films

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  • Boetie Gaan Border Toe
  • Namibia: Struggle for Liberation
  • Brug 14
  • The Stick
  • Kaptein Kaprivi
  • Die Bokser (Afrikaans)
  • Boetie Op Manoeuvres
  • Jantjie Kom Huis Toe
  • 'n Wêreld Sonder Grense
  • Grensbasis 13
  • Forty Days (1979)
  • Aanslag op Kaprivi

Most of these need articles of their own. Look up Afrikaans language cinematic literature for sources.

Ratels

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And please do not mention the use of the existing Ratel turret. Or rather the upside-down 20. That is the one thing I would fix and that has always been the bane of Ratel crews. At CTC you at times these days have only half your vehicles serviceable due to US 20s Was only a suggestion and one which I think the military is seriously considering as a cost saving measure. Why would you build new turrets if the old ones are still around. What are they going to do with a 1000+ surplus turrets. Now I share your hate of the 20mm fitted on the ratel, but in a cash strapped SA don't you think it would be wise to say fit the ratel 90, zt3, command and 20 turrets as an interim measure while improved turrets are developed. The army will in any case at some stage replace the 90mm as the standard fire support vehicle with a form of low pressure 105mm gun which would necesitate a new turret (The yanks are now testing a low pressure 105mm on the stryker and might have it in production soon as the AT componant of the stryker family. They are even testing the LEO gun on the stryker to build a light weight SP gun).

Another thing to remember is that the use of the old turrets will cut down on training costs as the crews would not have to be retrained on a new turret. If a new turret then becomes avialable it would very easy to fit and then start training crew. It also provides a "quick fix" as you can quickly rebuild the ratels and field a force of alot more capable vehicles without having to wait 2 to 5 years as a turret is being developed. To the army this makes sense, they get a new more capabale vehicle in the shortest possible time at a low cost which can be upgrade as new tech becomes avialable.

The 90 has a braced and strengthen turret roof to handle the extra weight of the 90 turret. Rumour had it that the first prototype unstrenghtened Ratel fitted with the 90 turret suffered a structural failure. I do not know if the suspension was reworked as well. Anti-tank platoon however seems, despite the extra weight and being top-heavy, more mobile in the field than the Coys. Might just be my imagination. So it will not just be a matter of swopping roofs.

You must remember the designers who worked on Iklawa also build Ratel. They will have taken into account the fact that you need stronger roof members and roof for a larger turret. The prototype was in fact build on a Ratel 90 hull. The automotive componants were strenghtend on the mk 2 of the Ratel 90, but then it was done on all the ratels as the major change between mk1 and mk2 and subsequently mk 3 was an improvement in the chassis and automotive componants (thus the axles, gearbox and engine). On Iklawa this has once again been improved. Did you know on the first Ratel 90s the driver had to depress the clutch allowing the car to roll back as the gun fired because the axles couldn't handle the recoil.

http://www.scribd.com/doc/117229006/War-Machine-No-58-Modern-Wheeled-Armoured-Personnel-Carriers http://www.scribd.com/doc/108455808/War-Machine-No-19-Modern-Light-Tanks-and-Reconnaissance-Vehicles http://www.scribd.com/doc/106900002/war-machine-no-9-surface-to-air-missiles http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=nl&sl=af&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodreads.com%2Fauthor_blog_posts%2F2132209-broodblik-oorlog-toe-in-n-ratel http:/www._____.com/all-images/imQjrLsu/ENGESA_-_MBTs_sobre_pneus.html http://blogs.warinangola.com/Home/tabid/167/EntryId/2/-Trying-to-destroy-the-Olifants.aspx

Note: Elands were known as "scotch carts" or "noddy cars" (Noddykarrtjies).

Note: The blank above says "4shared".

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Afrikaans slang

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Slang and expressions not yet found in dictionary (South African English?). Reference for SA correspondence/accounts.

  • Dorpie
  • Babelaas
  • Moffie
  • Chommies (Xhosa, adopted)
  • Gekrap waar dit nie juk
  • Kapenaar
  • Belaglik
  • Kiekies
  • Nag swaer....
  • Boknaai
  • Kettingsaag Ou...
  • Wat is ek dan?
  • Asemrowend
  • Bospatrollie
  • Troep, vat die vokken geweer!
  • Jissie!
  • Tweetaalig
  • Vuur steun
  • Maak my bang!
  • Op die kol
  • Fokofpolisiekar (*band)
  • Ek kan nie meer nie
  • Afrikaans en trots daarop!
  • Troep! Ek gaan jou opvok! Ek sal in jou neusgat invlieg en op jou hart kak! Vir wie loer jy troep? Jy is laer as slangkak se skaduwee in die woestyn! Ek issie daai hoer by die huis nie! As ek jou opvok, gaan hulle my uit die army smyt. Ek sal dan vir jou by daardie hekkie wag, en jou weer opvok! ;}

Letters

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&http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/submitted/etd-10272008-155842/unrestricted/07back.pdf

Pointless

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  • Teacher: "Wat is die rekenaar se brein komponent?"
  • Us: "Die CPU juffrou."
  • Teacher: "Nee, dis verkeerd .... probeer weer"
  • Us: "Die fokken SVE (Sentrale Vervaardigings Eenheid) teef!"

Rugby: http://www.thescore.ie/ireland-france-rugby-liveblog-826042-Mar2013/

Surnames

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Ancestors of the Afrikaner: Pending Study

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List of the most common Afrikaans surnames and the progenitors:
BOTHA (FAMILY LINE I) - Maria Kickers (Dutch)/Frederich Botha (German)
BOTHA (FAMILY LINE II) - Maria Kickers (Dutch)/Ferdinandùs Appel (Dutch)
VAN DER MERWE - Willem Schalk Van der Merwe (Dutch)/Elsje Cloete (German)
PRETORIUS - Wessel Pretorius (Dutch)/ Josyntgen Claesdochter (Dutch)
GELDENHUYS - Albert Barends Gildenhuisz (Dutch)/Margaretha Hoefnagels (Dutch)
STEENKAMP - Jan Steenkamp (German)/Gesina Visser (Dutch)
ERASMUS - Pieter Erasmus (Dutch)/Maria Elisabeth Jooste (mixed parentage Dutch-German)
SMIT - Hendrick Everts Smit (???)/Adriaantie Sterrevelt (Dutch)
COETZEE - Dirk Coetzee (mixed parentage Dutch-French)/Sara van der Schulp (Dutch)
JOUBERT - Jacques Jaubert (French)/Francoise Rambert (French)
VILJOEN - François Villion (French)/Cornelia Campenaar (Dutch)
VAN NIEKERK - Cornelis Gerritsz van Nieukerk (German)/Maria van der Westhuizen (Dutch)
VAN DER WESTHUIZEN - Pieter Jansz van der Westhuijsen (Dutch)/Maria Hendricksz Winkelhausen (Dutch)
VERMEULEN - Jan Willemse Vermeulen (Dutch)/Catharina Opklim (mixed parentage Dutch-slave)
VENTER - Hendrik Venter (???)/Anna Viljoen (mixed parentage Dutch-French)
VAN VUUREN - Gerrit Janse van Vuuren (Dutch)/Suzanne Jacob (French)
KRUGER - Andries Krügel (German)/Zacharia Jansz Visser (Dutch)
POTGIETER - Jan Potgieter (German)/Schwerne Lodden (German)
ENGELBRECHT - Gerd Engelbrecht (Dutch)/Catharina Elisabeth de Jong (Dutch)
DE JONG - Krelis Cornelisz de Jong (Dutch)/Elizabeth Kops van de Caeb (Dutch)
DE BEER - Jan Dircksen de Beer (Dutch)/Anna van Velthuijsch (Dutch)
VAN RENSBURG - Claas Jansz van Rensburg (German)/Aletta van der Merwe (mixed parentage Dutch-German)
DU RAAN/DU RANDT - Jean Durand (French)/Anna Vermeulen ("Coloured" - see Vermeulen)
OOSTHUIZEN - Jan Oosthuyse (Dutch)/Johanna Maartens (Dutch)
FOURIE (FAMILY LINE I) - Louis Fourié (French)/Suzanne Cordier (French)
FOURIE (FAMILY LINE II) - Louis Fourié (French)/Anna Jourdaan (French)
DU PREEZ - Hercules des Prez (French)/Cecilea d'Atis (Belgian)
DU PLOOY - Hendrik du Plooy (German)/Margarita Gildenhuisz (Dutch)
DU PLESSIS - Charles Prieur du Plessis (French)/Cecilia van Marseveen (mixed parentage Dutch-French)
DU TOIT (FAMILY LINE I) - Francois du Toit (Belgian)/Suzanne Seugnet (French)
DU TOIT (FAMILY LINE II) - Guillaume du Toit (French)/Sara Couchet (Dutch)
PRINSLOO - Arije Gerts Prinsloo (Dutch)/ Aaltje Claasz (Dutch)
BADENHORST - Caspar Heinrich Badenhorst (German)/Aeltje Putter (mixed parentage Dutch-German)
STEYN - Douw Gerbrantz Steijn (Dutch)/Maria Losëe (mixed parentage Dutch-slave)
BEZUIDENHOUT - Wynand Leendertsz Bezuidenhout (Dutch)/Jannetje Gerrits (Dutch)
VISAGIE - Pieter Visagie (Belgian)/Catharina Kients (Dutch)
VAN WYK - Roelof Adriansz van Wijck (Dutch)/Trijntje Jans (Dutch)
VAN ZYL - Willem Willemsz van Zijl (Dutch)/Christina van Loveren (Dutch)
VAN COLLER - Adolf Johann Heinrich van Cöller (German)/Marija Elsje Groenewald (mixed parentage German-French)
GROENEWALD - Christoph Grünewaldt (German)/Catharina Niemand (Dutch)
MARAIS - Charles Marais (French)/Catherine Taboureux (French)
LE ROUX - Isaac le Roux (French)/Jeanne Bourdon (French)
LOUW - Jan Pietersz Louw (Dutch)/Beatrix Weijman (Dutch)
MEYER - Gerrit Hendrik Meyer (Dutch)/Susanne Caucheteux (French)
MEYER (II) - Pierre Meyer (French)/Aletta de Savoye (French)
BOOYSEN - Boij Boijsen (German)/Hermina van Nek (Dutch)
SWART - Pieter Jacobze Swart (???)/Petronella Cornelli (German)
VAN ROOYEN - Anthonie van Rooyen (Dutch)/Sophia Appel (mixed parentage Dutch-German)
SWANEPOEL - Pieter Jansz Swanepoel (Belgian)/Maria Sibilla Sachs (German)
MULLER - Heinrich Christoffel Möller (German)/Margaretha Marquardt (German)
NEL - Pierre Néel (Dutch)/Judith Gouye (French)
PIENAAR - Jacques Pinard (French)/Esther Foucher (French)
CRUYWAGEN - Johan Mijndertze Kruijwagen (Dutch)/Catharina van Maarsen (Dutch)
DE VILLIERS (FAMILY LINE I) - Abraham de Villiers (French)/Suzanne Gardiol (French)
DE VILLIERS (FAMILY LINE II) - Pierre de Villiers (French)/Elisabeth Taillefert (French)
DE VILLIERS (FAMILY LINE III) - Jacques de Villiers (French)/Marguerite Gardiol (French)
KRIEL - Hermanus Kriel (German)/Elisabeth Anna Malan (French)
DE VRIES - Hendrik Abrahamsz de Vries (Dutch)/Maria Zaaijman (mixed parentage Dutch-Danish)
DREYER - Johannes Augustus Dreyer (German)/Sara van Wijck (Dutch)
GREYLING - Johann Greyling (German)/Jannetie Lùbbe (mixed parentage Dutch-German)
MALHERBE - Gideon Malerbe (French)/Marie Grillion (French)
MALAN - Jacques Malan (French)/Isabeau le Long (French)
BREYTENBACH - Johan Jacob Breitenbach (German)/Maria Botha (mixed parentage Dutch-German)
BLIGNAULT - Jean Blignault (French)/Anne Rousseau (French)
LABUSCHAGNE - Pieter Labuschagne (French)/Maria Anna Bacot (French)
VAN EEDEN - Jan Janse van Eeden (German)/Lysbeth Jansz (Dutch)
VAN HEERDEN - Pieter Willemse van Heerden (Dutch)/Magteld van der Merwe (mixed parentage Dutch-German)
BARNARD - Johannes Barnard (German)/Sara Pietersz Strand (Dutch)
VORSTER - Jan Vorster (Swiss)/Elisabeth Lùbbe (German)
SCHEEPERS - Coenraad Scheepers (Dutch)/Teuntje Gysberts (Dutch)
NORTJE - Daniel Nourtier (French)/Marie Vitu (French)
STRYDOM - Joost Strydom (Dutch)/Maria Ras (German)
PRINSLOO - Arije Gerts Prinsloo (Dutch)/Aaltje Claasz (Dutch)
LOMBARD - Pierre Lombard (French)/Marie Couteau (French)
UYS - Cornelis Janszn Uys (Dutch)/Dirkje Matthijsdr Westerhoud (Dutch)
THERON - Jacques Therond (French)/Marie Jeanne des Prez (French)
DE WET (FAMILY LINE I) - Jacobus de Wet (Dutch)/Josina Pretorius (Dutch)
DE WET (FAMILY LINE II) - Jacobus de Wet (Dutch)/Christina Bergh (mixed parentage Swedish-slave)
WEYERS - Hendrik Weyer (Dutch)/Anna Elizabeth Gerrits (Dutch)
WESSELS - Jan Wessels (???)/Helena Wynantsz (mixed parentage Dutch-German)
LIEBENBERG - Christian Liebenberg (Germen)/Catharina Lubbe (German)
SNYMAN - Hans Christoffel Snijman (German)/Catharina van Paliacatta (slave)
SCHOEMAN - Jürgen Jan Schumann (German)/Johanna de Villiers (French)
KOCK - Johannes Jacobus Kock (German)/Jannetje van Royen (Dutch)
BOSMAN - Hermanùs Bosman (Dutch)/Suzanne de Villiers (French)
VERMAAK - Gerrit Augustus Vermaak (Dutch)/Sophia van Eck (Dutch)
KOEKEMOER - Jochem Koekemoer (???)/Maria Putter (mixed parentage Dutch-German)
ROOS - Johann Jürgen Roos (German)/Sara Coetzeè (Dutch)
GROBBELAAR - Johann Grobler (German)/Gertruida Knoetsen (mixed parentage Dutch-Danish)

32 Battalion

[edit]

"You should have been there when I was there we had to carry our wounded back to the cutline, no choppers across the border and we had no LMG,s, we had to kill terrs to get the PKM,s. You really had it soft!!! We also had to live on airdrops,use donkeys to move the cargo and then cache it. This was 7 weeks in and 3 weeks out, with 1 in the states. I had to use PPSH,s as LMGs.

We also did not have ratpacks had to carry full tins of food. For cammo we used ricepack uniform taken from dead terrs, with holes and full of blood. I have all this on photo if you want to see it, and ask ****** about this. For grenades we had the mills 36 grenade and the best we had for a rifle grenade was a Strim. For smokes we collected tobacco in the kraals and dried and smoked that in message forms, for food when the airdrop failed we shot cows and killed goats with clubs so as not to attract the big SWAPO units. We used Unimogs and not Buffels - mineprotected. To check for mines you rode on the front bumper on the Mog and looked for changes in the soil in the road. When you finally got a PKM you had to attack bases to get more ammo for the belts.

For water we drilled holes into the kashimbas to get into the water table, to do this we used a Strim - copper cone drilled at least 1 meter down. We had no medics, the Lt had to do all of that, the NCO,s were not up to standard.We had no smart radios with decode - hopper freqs, we had to use slidex!! For water you drained it through a bomb bandage and even my horse would not drink that. To bring in the airdrop we had to make about 10 fires with arrow and code at drop zone - and then run!. For LMG,s we eventually stole Brownings off the Eland 90,s and welded bipods onto them with a 400 round belt carried in a patrol bag. Had no butt only a pistol grip.When you hit contact the Lt fired first and he had to kill the LMG gunner first.We had Racal B22 and you had to spend hours chargeing the batt with a charger tied to a tree.

At ****** we had to kill fish with PE4 and shoot animals to survive, we were not recognised as a unit. For 2 weeks on R and R we stole everything we could from Sector 20 HQ - weapons, food, vehicles, ammo, PE4, Claymores and uniforms. Can tell you lots more but hate typing."

Freedom Park

[edit]

12-18-2006

http://www.24.com/news/?p=tsa&i=365480

Pretoria - South African soldiers who died in the bush war in Namibia and Angola will not be honoured in the Freedom Park's Wall of Names.

Mongane Wally Serote, CEO of the Freedom Park Foundation, says they don't deserve it because they didn't die for freedom and human dignity. Responding to an article in the Sunday Times, Serote said the Cubans who died in Angola would be honoured. The Wall of Names was unveiled at Freedom Park on Salvokop at the weekend. The Wall purports to honour all victims of conflicts in South Africa, extending to those who lost their lives in the Anglo-Boer war, the two world wars and the freedom struggle. "It was not our intention, from the beginning, to take into account those who opposed freedom and human dignity." That includes agents who murdered people involved in the fight against apartheid, Serote said. He says the details of border war deaths are being collected. "We do not ignore the role they played, and we will allow the people of our land to debate the matter. South Africans must say if they think that (these soldiers) should be honoured."The Cubans helped fight for freedom in Africa, they played a role in ending apartheid and they should be honoured for that," he said.


Saffie vet says: "This is completey insane - "freedom fighters" that died blowing up restaurants and planting landmines to kill civilians will be honoured, but not the South African troops who died fighting the spread of communism in southern Africa.

"They can keep their ****ing communist inspired Freedom Park!!!"

SABC Special

[edit]

Episode 1: KOP AAN KOP

Ons spoor die eerste Swapokader op wat ooit die grens met `n wapen oorgesteek het. `n Verhaal ontvou rondom die eerste botsing tussen Suid-Afrikaanse magte en insypelaars in Noord-Namibië in 1966. Vandié wat veertig jaar gelede aan beide kante geveg het, vertel. Ons skets die agtergrond: Harold Wilson hou sy "Winds of Change"- toespraak. Afrika raak onafhanklik - behalwe die suide. Swapo word uit `n trekarbeid-beweging gebore.

Episode 2: TWEE WÊRELDE

Terwyl wit Suid-Afrika apartheid teen die agtergrond van die Koue Oorlog steun en agtienjariges diensplig sonder vrae aanvaar, dra Radio Freedom die boodskap van die vryheidstryd na jongmense in Namibië. Ook hulle neem die wapen op, en gaan van die platteland van Ovambo na sneeubedekte Moskou vir opleiding. `n Guerilla-oorlog begin. Ons skets die twee wêrelde waaruit soldate in teenoorstaande magte in die Grensoorlog kom.

Episode 3: SPESIALE MAGTE, SPESIALE TAKE

`n Onkonvensionele oorlog vereis `n onkonvensionele reaksie. Teenoor die guerilla-aanslag, stig die SAW `n eiesoortige teenvoeter. Ons skets `n portret van die elite soldate wat bekend geword het as die "recces". Die stigter van hierdie eenhede, Jan Breytenbach, en tien ander wat nooit oor hulle werk diep in vyandelike gebied kon praat nie, vertel.

Episode 4: DIE ROOI GEVAAR

Swapo en die MPLA is ondersteun deur Moskou. Ons stel Russiese soldate wat in Angola geveg het, aan die woord, en kyk terselfdertyd na die oortuiging wat in die sewentigs en tagtigs in Suid-Afrika gegeld het dat kommunisme ons aan alle kante bedreig. Fotoboekies het Russe as skurke gehad. Die kerk het anti-kommunistiese literatuur gepubliseer. "Rooi Gevaar" was `n huishoudelike term. Aan die ander kant vertel `n familie in Moskou hoe hulle oupa hier kom veg het in die Boere-oorlog.

Episode 5: MAGSPEL IN ANGOLA

Hoe beland `n man van die Kaapse vlakte in die Kubaanse weermag in Angola? November 1975. Angola word onafhanklik. Burgeroorlog breek uit. Amerika, die Sowjet-Unie, Kuba en Suid-Afrika raak betrokke - veral vir lg twee die begin van `n uitgerekte stryd. Ons kry perspektiewe van genls. Jannie Geldenhuys en Constand Viljoen, Amerikaanse onderhandelaar Chester Crocker, vorige Russiese president Michael Gorbachev, oud-min. Pik Botha en Swapo se Charles Namoloh. `n Suid-Afrikaans-geleide taakmag beweeg 3 000 km deur suid-Angola in 33 dae. Ons sien die bloedige gevegte by die dorpie Ebo deur die oë van soldate en bevelvoerders wat daar was.

Episode 6: BRUG 14

`n Onskuldige term soos "skoonmaak" spook vandag nog by sekere soldate. In hierdie episode bou ingenieurs `n brug onder hewige vuur, en honderde sterf in die Afrikason.

Episode 7: `N GEWAAGDE REDDINGSPOGING

Die guerillabeweging FNLA kry bloedneus, en 26 Suid-Afrikaansesoldate raak gestrand by Ambrizete, baie ver van Namibië se grens en veiligheid. Die vloot tree toe tot die bosoorlog en gaan pik hulle op duisende kilometer noord van Kaapstad.

Episode 8: '76: DIE BEGIN VAN DIE EINDE

`n Onverwagte onttrekking uit Angola, en die begin van weerstand aan die tuisfront. Die CIA verloor die stryd in die Amerikaanse Kongres en die geldkrane word toegedraai. In Suid-Afrika weier iemand vir die eerste keer om diensplig te doen. Episode 9: 32 BATALJON

Kontroversieel, gerespekteer, bewonder, gehaat . onder `n dekmantel van geheimhouding bly die verhaal van 32 Bataljon met sy buffelteken een van die uniekste in die geskiedenis van die oorlog.

Episode 10: DIE GOUE UUR

`n Lewendige bom word uit `n man se borskas gesny . die dokter vertel. In `n oorlog is kontak met die vyand onafwendbaar. Dit beteken gewondes. In 1979 word die SA Geneeskundige Dienste die vierde been van die weermag.

Episode 11: CASSINGA

Een van die mees omstrede aanvalle in die 23 jaar van die Grensoorlog. Ons hoor die verhaal van alle kante, uit die mond van mense wat daar was.

Episode 12: ONS SAL LEWE, ONS SAL STERWE

`n Moeder verloor `n seun. Een van soveel moeders, een van soveel seuns. Hy was `n parabat, wat die gesogte valskermvlerkies met diepe trots verower het. Ons hoor die verhaal by sy ma, en by die soldaat in wie se arms hy gesterf het.

Episode 13: `N SPOOR IN DIE SAND

Die veldvernuf van Swapokaders en Boesmansoldate word teenoor mekaar gestel. In die aanhoudende soeke na nuwe antwoorde op die uitdagings wat die oorlog in die bos aan die soldate stel, word honde ingespan teen landmyne en gesofistikeerde militêre voertuie ontwikkel. Langs die wetenskaplikes staan `n ander vermoë: die mense wat die veld lees soos `n boek.

Episode 14: HAKKEJAG

`n Oud-Sowjet amptenaar skets die invloei van Russiese instrukteurs en wapentuig vir Swapo en Fapla, wat saam met Kubaanse ondersteuning hulle vermoëns verhoog. 32 Bataljon se Portugees-sprekende Angolese lede vertel van die hardste geveg in die eenheid se geskiedenis: Savate. En met die bewindsaanvaarding van pres. Ronald Reagan in die VSA, kom "linkage" - onderhandelinge oor die onttrekking van die Kubane - op die tafel.

Episode 15: SWAAR METAAL (PROTEA 1)

Aan weerskante van die skeidslyn word swaarder en beter wapens ingevoer en ontwikkel. Suid-Afrika beplan die grootste konvensionele aanslag ooit in die grensoorlog teen die gekombineerde magte van Fapla, die Kubane en Swapo.

Episode 16: YSTERVUISTE (PROTEA 2)

Soldate wat daar was, vertel van die presiese beplanning, die dapperheid van individue en die chaos wat oorlog is. Vroue by die huis gee `n aanduiding van hoe groot die kloof tussen die huis en die front geword het.

Episode 17: REBELLE, WEIERAARS EN VERRAAIERS

Een wit seun kies umKhonto we Sizwe bo diensplig, word opgelei in Oos-Duitsland en kry `n bevel om `n bom te plant. `n Ander vertel met bitterheid en selfverwyt hoe sy grensdiens hom voor onmoontlike keuses gestel het.

Episode 18: O, EK VERLANG NA JOU

Sonja Herholdt, André Swartz, Karin Hougaard, Ollie Viljoen en Anneline Kriel is onder die kunstenaars en bekendes wat die grens besoek het om die manne te vermaak. Hulle vertel.

Episode 19: BROER TEEN BROER

In Ovamboland kom broer teen broer te staan: sommige kies om in die SAW te dien, ander veg vir Swapo. Onder wit Suidwesters woed `n politieke stryd, onder meer oor die oopstel van geriewe vir alle rasse. Suid-Afrika hou sy "vyfde provinsie" aan `n kort leisel vas.

Episode 20: KOEVOET

Oud-Koevoetlede praat reguit oor betaling per kop vir elke "terroris" wat hulle geskiet het, oor liggame oor die wiel van `n Casspir vasgemaak, en oor hulle ysingwekkende effektiwiteit.

Episode 21: ÊRENS AAN DIE GRENS

In die vroeë tagtigs is gemiddeld 30 000 troepe "êrens aan die grens", in `n reeks kampe diep in die bos, baie ver van die huis af. Op Fort Doppies maak hulle `n leeu mak, Veenhala het Gabi die sebra, en by Calueque is `n mak krokodil bekend as die plat hond.

Episode 22: OPERASIE KERSLIG

Kom saam op `n spesmagte operasie: 16 hoogs opgeleide operateurs gaan in die bek van die vyand in om die olieraffinadery in Luanda-hawe op te blaas. Hulle verloor een van hulle makkers in `n ontploffing, maar die ander kom terug en vertel self die verhaal.

Episode 23: WAPENBROERS

Wat het gebeur toe Wynand du Toit by Cabinda gevang is? Hoekom het Unita altyd sabotasie-aksies vir hulle toegeëien, as dit Suid- Afrikaners was wat dit uitgevoer het? Hoekom het die Kubane eintlik Angola toe gekom, en wie het die koste betaal? Ons ontrafel die vrae rondom wie aan wie se kant was, en waarom.

Episode 24 : TWEE FRONTE

1985. Die townships brand. 35 000 troepe word ingestuur om die polisie te ondersteun. Grootskaalse weerstand teen diensplig ontstaan. Intussen loods Fapla `n aanslag in suidoos-Angola, wat deur die SA Lugmag afgeslaan word. Die druk bou op, binnelands en buitelands.

Episode 25: CUITO CUANAVALE

Wat presies het in 1987 en '88 in die gevegte rondom die dorpie Cuito gebeur? Was daar `n oorwinnaar? Ons volg die gevegte week na week en maand na maand - oorkoepelend, maar ook uit die intens persoonlike oogpunt van twee soldate in die hitte van die stryd. Bloedige gevegte woed. Ingewikkelde onderhandelinge word gevoer. Wynand du Toit kom huis toe.

Episode 26: VUISVOOS

Kuba slaan `n laaste hou met `n aanval by Calueque in suidwes- Angola. Intense onderhandelinge lei na `n vredesooreenkoms. Swapo maak `n amper fatale fout en begin `n 9-dae oorlog . maar Namibië word gebore.

Iraqi Reconnaissance

[edit]

http://www.armourbook.com/forum/topic_1586/1

Panhard armoured car

[edit]

ane ’ s lis ts the fol lowin g a rmored cars i n inventor y in earl y 1990

425

AM L - 60, 210 AM L - 90, 284 AMX- 10RC, and 200 ER C- 90 (last vehicles delivered i n 1990).

425 AML-60 210 AML-90

SADF LAV Doctrine: http://books.google.com/books?id=rRFo1zVGfl0C&pg=PA231&lpg=PA231&dq=UNITA+Panhard&source=bl&ots=nuN9jbXoWo&sig=2wfubU5kMQdrSb7KAD214Cp-Aiw&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=s5G_Uv64BsT0kQfoyIH4Dw&ved=0CEgQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=UNITA%20Panhard&f=false

http://www.32battalion.org/forum/showthread.php?t=284

http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/showthread.php?102624-South-Africas-last-operations-into-Angola/page2

http://www.willyshotchkissjeeps.com/diary.asp?id=90

http://hmvf.co.uk/forumvb/showthread.php?22385-Panhard-AML-can-anyone-help/page2

http://www.sandstone-estates.com/index.php/military-vehicles/40-military-vehicles/2829-restoration-of-the-eland-60

http://forum.irishmilitaryonline.com/archive/index.php/t-6484.html

http://www.rulit.net/books/vortex-read-241777-219.html

Kenya AML: http://www.kenyayearbook.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2013/pdf/Security%20and%20Defence.pdf

http://www.armada.ch/category/compendium/

http://piratbooks.ru/8/9/10/file/Avtor_neizvesten_T-34-85_medium_tank_1944-1994.pdf

Panhard 178: http://www.tarrif.net/wwii/pdf/DL%20-%201940%20French%20Armament.pdf

http://community.marines.mil/news/publications/Documents/On%20Mamba%20Station%20--%20U.S.%20Marines%20in%20West%20Africa,%201990-2003%20PCN%2019000413300_PART_1.pdf

http://e-libra.ru/read/357212-fusion.html

http://chomikuj.pl/wszystekw/wszystko/KAT40/dane4419040/Modele+kartonowe/Panhard+AML90,2770312687.pdf

http://www.e-reading.co.uk/bookreader.php/135874/Tanks._An_Illustrated_History_of_Their_Impact.pdf

http://www.3dvisions.net/pub/ebooks/executioner/executioner/141-DirectHit.html

http://archive.org/stream/southafricandefe00orba/southafricandefe00orba_djvu.txt

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LqfCh3O4FUc (Chadian AML-90 in desert near Libyan border)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AADictICmM4 (Footage of Chadian Eland-90s)

http://www.wildaviation.com/gallery3/index.php/Military-Museums/milmuseums/Bloem-Armour-Museum/Armoured-Cars/Eland90?page=3

http://books.google.com/books?id=gdpKLS1B_CYC&pg=PA95&lpg=PA95&dq=Somaliland+Panhard&source=bl&ots=4PLaBF9nQT&sig=huS__NUIR1SAXvgvTFL888qnQsg&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=h0zbUuPSCtS0sQT6r4GYBA&ved=0CCkQ6AEwADgK#v=onepage&q=Somaliland%20Panhard&f=false

http://snafu-solomon.blogspot.com/2013/05/a-quick-glance-at-new-class-of-armored.html

http://books.google.com/books?id=lSQFB46sClMC&pg=PA108&dq=Burma+Panhard&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=prvdUpjmCOPNsQSx44HQCA&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Burma%20Panhard&f=false

Irish AMLs: http://books.google.com/books?id=7yVsz0GYWSEC&pg=PA78&dq=Africa+AML-245&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=_bvdUrbeMMmosQTMh4CgDA&ved=0CEwQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Africa%20AML-245&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=IV-eHYcl_1IC&pg=PA162&dq=Panhard+90mm&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=VbzdUo7bGOm_sQTz-ICgCg&ved=0CEUQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Panhard%2090mm&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=4AQgouoGDBAC&pg=PA162&dq=Panhard+90mm&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=dr_dUvzdJfGgsQTLxoDYAg&ved=0CGwQ6AEwCDgK#v=onepage&q=Panhard%2090mm&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=bkbsI8AjJ6IC&pg=PA234&dq=Panhard+AML+HEAT&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JBn3Uuoy48HQAd7kgbAL&ved=0CE8Q6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=Panhard%20AML%20HEAT&f=false (Chadian Panhards in the Toyota War)

http://www.army.mil.za/publications/journal/2013_publish/2/SAAJ_7%202013%20INNER%20PRINT.pdf

African Misc

[edit]

Zimbabwean Military Readiness: http://nehandaradio.com/2011/07/22/zimbabwe-army-crippled-report-exposes-decay/

Surviving Zimbabwean Armour: http://ordendebatallainternacional.blogspot.com/2012_09_01_archive.html

White Namibians: http://books.google.com/books?id=eQ1Rf21ONu8C&pg=PA52&dq=Namibia+Defence+Force&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=J3_AUrmLMdHKkAfu04DIDQ&ved=0CDkQ6AEwADgK#v=snippet&q=white&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=EgCSa3qJCoUC&pg=PA208&dq=Namibia+Defence+Force&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=J3_AUrmLMdHKkAfu04DIDQ&ved=0CHgQ6AEwCTgK#v=onepage&q=white&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=8PyKTe5wlMAC&pg=PA67&dq=Namibia+Defence+Force&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=9YLAUuyzBdTekQe7oIDIDQ&ved=0CEkQ6AEwAjgU#v=onepage&q=Namibia%20Defence%20Force&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=IcsQcImfakcC&pg=PA102&dq=Namibia+Defence+Force&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=9YLAUuyzBdTekQe7oIDIDQ&ved=0CGMQ6AEwBTgU#v=onepage&q=Namibia%20Defence%20Force&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=G3qLltHLBfUC&pg=PA133&dq=Namibia+Defence+Force&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=3oPAUqijForXkQfnlIHwCA&ved=0CD4Q6AEwATge#v=onepage&q=white&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=fpCjUxIvkXQC&pg=PA23&dq=Namibia+Defence+Force&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=3oPAUqijForXkQfnlIHwCA&ved=0CEoQ6AEwAzge#v=onepage&q=white&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=yIlBNCCxo34C&pg=PA109&dq=white+exodus+Africa&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=F6vAUvbHJY6OkAe8xoDIAg&ved=0CDwQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=white%20exodus%20Africa&f=false

ARES 75

[edit]

http://venturebeat.com/2013/09/14/outlasts-mount-massive-asylum-enriching-the-quality-of-life-with-horror/

In recent years the French have developed an APFSDS round with a muzzle velocity of 4, 430ft/s (1,350m/s) for the 90mm -Illustrated guide, tank busters

[edit]

http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a262562.pdf http://worldtracker.org/media/library/Car%20Manuals/Vehicles/Jane%27s%20Tanks%20And%20Combat%20Vehicles%20Recognition%20Guide%202Nd%20Ed%202000.pdf http://books.google.com/books?id=bxwBSvgB4VYC&pg=PA181&lpg=PA181&dq=French+Foreign+Legion+AML&source=bl&ots=fDHexRUxuD&sig=-l45xFd9rywmJfVTsJFCiTlYhJ0&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=nGvdUrfiM4iqsQSJ1IGABw&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=French%20Foreign%20Legion%20AML&f=false http://static2.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20140120213338/apartheidroute/images/1/12/Scan2.JPG http://www.saarmourmuseum.co.za/lesakeng.html http://www.scribd.com/doc/108455808/War-Machine-No-19-Modern-Light-Tanks-and-Reconnaissance-Vehicles https://www.google.com/search?q=Zimbabwe+Eland&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a#q=Eland+armoured+car+Zimbabwe&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&start=0&tbm=bks http://books.google.com/books?ei=uQnkUpagKYLKsQSchoCgAw&hl=nl&id=GTFVAAAAYAAJ&dq=Eland+2.4+litre+4-cylinder+turbocharged+water-&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=2.4+litre+4-cylinder

Lessons from the Border War Jane Volume 23

http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200606/andrew-corsello-george-bush-zimbabwe?currentPage=3

Others

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http://books.google.com/books?id=QlV1AAAAMAAJ&q=Eland+Entumbane&dq=Eland+Entumbane&hl=en&sa=X&ei=WH3lUo3uLZWwsATH04EQ&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAQ http://www.ajol.info/index.php/smsajms/article/viewFile/89173/78727 http://books.google.com/books?id=xJZkoEf_gh4C&pg=PA42&dq=nine+modifications+Eland&hl=en&sa=X&ei=oW_lUszgIojgsAT9goDQDA&ved=0CDkQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Eland&f=false http://books.google.com/books?id=mYgWcHq8lE8C&pg=PA30&dq=Eland+Panzer+Cars&hl=en&sa=X&ei=qR7lUreMCsvNsQSe24H4Dg&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Eland%20Panzer%20Cars&f=false http://books.google.com/books?id=mHq9uK3OShUC&pg=PA154&lpg=PA154&dq=Operation+Sceptic&source=bl&ots=Neg-0S69Fi&sig=8sXH2YtRm3QdpZNp8ve8MK9yp8o&hl=en&sa=X&ei=y0XlUtCTDe_MsQTOnIGAAg&ved=0CFoQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Joao&f=false http://books.google.com/books?id=QHWGwG71hzMC&pg=PA301&lpg=PA301&dq=Eland+Task+Force+Zulu&source=bl&ots=RzPUyCFuOM&sig=-3N62YOSmFA1IBNW3K9BqXLJ2HQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=CIPlUsesEJLNsQTF_IDwDA&ved=0CFUQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Eland%20Task%20Force%20Zulu&f=false http://www.scribd.com/doc/108455808/War-Machine-No-19-Modern-Light-Tanks-and-Reconnaissance-Vehicles http://books.google.com/books?ei=uQnkUpagKYLKsQSchoCgAw&hl=nl&id=GTFVAAAAYAAJ&dq=Eland+2.4+litre+4-cylinder+turbocharged+water-&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=2.4+litre+4-cylinder http://static2.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20140120213135/apartheidroute/images/4/47/Scan1.JPG http://books.google.com/books?id=bxwBSvgB4VYC&pg=PA181&lpg=PA181&dq=French+Foreign+Legion+AML&source=bl&ots=fDHexRUxuD&sig=-l45xFd9rywmJfVTsJFCiTlYhJ0&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=nGvdUrfiM4iqsQSJ1IGABw&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=French%20Foreign%20Legion%20AML&f=false http://worldtracker.org/media/library/Car%20Manuals/Vehicles/Jane%27s%20Tanks%20And%20Combat%20Vehicles%20Recognition%20Guide%202Nd%20Ed%202000.pdf http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a262562.pdf http://www.warwheels.net/images/ACJFinal4.pdf

Wolf Turbo

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http://www.wmf.com.na/products.html# http://books.google.com/books?id=PlVlu1qURhAC&pg=PA165&dq=Eland+Russian+tanks&hl=en&sa=X&ei=YVLpUsKVLZG_sQTD3oKACw&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAQ#v=snippet&q=90%20mm&f=false

Leopard 1

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Diepsloot

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Sceptic

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Protea

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Sapedi

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http://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/17090/Mojalefa_Lekgothoane%27s%282010%29.pdf?sequence=1

Oumanne

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Strategy

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Operation Askari

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Project

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1979, an AML 90 Lynx was shown equipped with a Mercedes Benz type OM 617 A 5 cylinder motor developing 1 1 5 hp.

Main armament of the Saladin consists of a now BAE Systems, RO Defence 76 mm L5A1 gun with a vertical sliding breech block and a hydro-spring recoil mechanism. A 7.62 mm (0.30) machine gun model M1919A4(L3A3/L3A4) is mounted coaxially to the left of the main armament and a similar weapon is mounted on the right of the commander's hatch. Six 66 mm smoke grenade dischargers fitted on either side of the turret are electrically fired from within the vehicle. The 76 mm gun fires the following types of ammunition: canister, HESH, HE, HE/PRAC, SH/P, smoke/BE and illuminating. The 42 rounds of ammunition are stored vertically: 11 behind the commander and gunner, 12 on the left and 11 on the right behind the driver, and eight at the left rear of the hull.

The only variant of the Saladin in service is designated the FV601 (D). It was built for the Federal German Border Police (Bundesgrenzschutz), who called it the Geschutzer Sonderwagen III (SW III) (Kfz 93). This has no coaxial machine gun and is fitted with German smoke grenade dischargers and driving lights. It is reported that 97 Saladins originally delivered to the Federal German Border Police were subsequently supplied to Sudan in the early 1960s. Saladins were also used by the Australian Army and when they were withdrawn from service heir turrets were removed and fitted to M1 13A1 APCs, which were then called M1 13A1 Fire Support Vehicles. Details will be found in the Australian entry. Saladin Repower In 1991, it was announced that A F Budge Limited and Alvis Vehicles Limited had developed a repower package for the Saladin armoured car. The existing petrol engine is replaced by a Perkins Engines Company 180 MTi diesel developing 180 hp. Additional improvements have been made to the chassis including a modem cooling pack, a new electrical system, upgraded brakes, a fire suppression system and the replacement of the original transmission with a more modern automatic transmission. The diesel installation requires only minor changes to the engine compartment and offers the advantages of improved reliability and simplified maintenance, lower fuel consumption, increased operational range, and reduced risk of fire. The conversion package has already been trialled in Asia together with an upgraded Saracen (6 x 6) armoured personnel carrier, while the Alvis Stalwart with the same has been evaluated by the UK. In May 1994, Alvis Vehicles announced that it had been awarded a contract worth $10 million for the supply of upgrade kits for the supply of Saracen, Saladin, and Ferret vehicles from an undisclosed country in Asia, believed to be Indonesia.

A 7.62 mm machine gun mounted coaxially to the left of the main armament can be used as a ranging machine gun. Mounted each side of the turret is a four-barrelled electrically operated 66 mm (British Army, 76 mm export vehicles) smoke grenade discharger.

The original 76 mm L5A1 gun has been replaced by a Belgian MECAR 90 mm KEnerga gun fitted with a muzzle brake that can fire a wide range of ammunition types including APFSDS and HEAT. This weapon is capable of defeating a NATO medium triple target at a range of 2000 m and a NATO heavy target at a range of 1000 m. The existing turret bustle has been extended to allow for an additional 20 rounds of 90 mm ammunition to

This turret is characterized by a hydraulic aiming system or fast-homing assistance, a device for fast semi-loading of the gun from an ammunition-selection cylinder, a panoramic-vision cupola and by modern optronic equipment such as: day/night aiming telescope (TJN 2.90), night television (CANASTA), laser rangefinder (TCV 29). Thomson CSF builds the Canasta night television. The AML 90 can also be equipped with the SOPTAC fire control system.

The 90mm gun can fire the armor-piercing-fin-stabilized -discarding-sabot (APFFSDS) ammunition and is managed by the SOPTAC fire control system manufactured by SOPELEM. The upgraded AMX 13 also has a laser range finder produced by CILAS, and modern radio equipment.

Armed with a GIAT 90F1 gun with semi-automatic loading (21 rounds in the turret, including 5 in the rapid loading magazine), it features manual or electromechanical 360° traverse pointing, and an elevation range of -8° to +35". It is equipped with a 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun, and a 7.62 mm machine gun on the commander's cupola. It is also equipped with 4 to 16 smoke grenades, and 12 episcopes enable all-azimuth observation. The Sopelem Sop- tac fire control system is equipped with a Cilas TCV-107 laser rangefinder, and a TJ- 90B day sight or a Sopelem TJN-2.90B daylight sight.

A white light spotlight is mounted coaxially with the 90 mm D921 gun and a laser rangefinder such as the French TCV 107 is mounted over the main armament just in front of the mantlet. Optional equipment includes storage racks, external stowage box, various types of Lynx 90 turret with 90 mm Cockerill Mark III gun with elevation of +30 degrees and laser rangefinder on RVI VBC 90

Lynx 90 turret Replaced H 90 turret, similar armament but can have powered traverse, laser rangefinder and night vision equipment

The H.90 turret mounts a 90 mm D.E.F.A. 921A gun as well as a coaxial 7-5 mm machine gun (PI. 158). The gun, which is essentially the same as that mounted more recently in the E.B.R., fires fin- stabilised shaped-charge projectiles with a muzzle velocity of 2,450 ft/sec and its installation has added a highly effective armament to the advantages of light weight and simplicity already possessed

TNJ 2-90 SOPELEM day/night sighting 'scope; one SOPELEM episcope (night); one TCV 29 laser

List of sights mentioned

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  • TNJ 2-90 SOPELEM day/night sighting scope
  • TJN-2.90B day sight
  • TJ- 90B day sight
  • TJN 2.90 day/night sight
  • Canasta night television

List of rangefinders mentioned

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  • Cilas TCV-107 laser rangefinder
  • TCV 29 laser rangefinder
  • TCV 29 laser rangefinder
  • TCV 107 laser rangefinder

=Mounting

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Looking at the diagram, the only obvious mod (if it was indeed a mod) would be the mounting of the spare wheel on the top of the turret, behind the hatches. Ours did not have armour plate shielding for the antennae mounts. Wing mirrors also removed.

The only other mod (or possibly downgrade) was that the SA radios were either not supplied as standard or were replaced. The RhACR Eland 90's were fitted out with A63 VHF units and RACAL TR47C SSB's (I think I have the type number correct - not to be confused with the TR48 SSB manpack) with loose headsets and hand mic's. Helmets were not worn, except by the driver who sometime wore the plastic inner of a standard Rhodesian Infantry issue helmet.

I had the opportunity once to try out the Airforce Eland 60. They still had the SA supplied radio harness with helmet mounted headsets and boom mic's.

Not sure on how many of the Eland 90's were Rhodesian owned and how many on loan. Some further mods were experimented with but not necessarily adopted: e.g. welding a cage basket on the back of the turret to carry kit bags.

Armoured Corps=

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ZNA

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Panhard AML

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Moar

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Savannah refs

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Afrikaners

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ISSUU

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Web Archive

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http://www.ipstc.org/media/documents/Carana_Long_Version_French.pdf

Panhard AML and APFSDS

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An upgrade by Panhard allows the AML-90 to fire discarding-SABOT APFSDS ammunition with modifications to the muzzle brake. This would greatly increase its kill capability against tanks of the T-55 and T-62 range, as well as pose a larger threat to the much heavier T-72.


Jane's Armour and Artillery, describing the new APFSDS round

Jane's also notes that Ireland, Morocco, Tunisia, and four other countries have all bought some aspects of the general Panhard modernisation package, although it's unclear whether or not they purchased this particular upgrade.

Namibia Images

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Most useful images for Namibian-independence related articles.

Afrikaner Images

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Savannah Images (varying contextual relevance)

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https://archive.org/stream/cu31924028730566/cu31924028730566_djvu.txt

Cattle stock, sports, Misc

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Misc. pool of images for articles currently being worked on. Putting them here so I don't misplace them like last year, or get the file names mixed up.

  1. ^ Entry: Cape Colony. Encyclopedia Britannica Volume 4 Part 2: Brain to Casting. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 1933. James Louis Garvin, editor.
  2. ^ a b Kaplan, Irving. Area Handbook for the Republic of South Africa (PDF). pp. 46–771.
  3. ^ "RootsWeb: SOUTH-AFRICA-L RE: SA's most popular surnames". Archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com. Retrieved 2014-05-12.
  4. ^ K. Pithouse, C. Mitchell, R. Moletsane, Making Connections: Self-Study & Social Action, p.91
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Heese1971 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ van der Wouden, Ton. Roots of Afrikaans: Selected writings of Hans den Besten. p. 210.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Census 2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Alexander Wilmot & John Centlivres Chase. History of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope: From Its Discovery to the Year 1819 (2010 ed.). Claremont: David Philip (Pty) Ltd. pp. 1–548. ISBN 978-1144830159.
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