User:Kalathei95/sandbox/CGAW/Test-List-Countries/Cixo-Noxorean/New Oörcian

Oörcian

Oörcian, or New Oörcian is the official language of Oörcia, and is widely spoken across the Southern portion of the Azollynean microcontinent.

Phonology

Consonants

		Bilabial	Dental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Pharyngeal	Glottal
Nasal		m	n		ɲ	ŋ
Stop	Voiceless	p	t		c	k	q
	Voiced	b	d		ɟ	ɡ
Fricatives	Voiceless	ɸ	θ	s	ɕ	x			h
	Voiced	(β)	(ð)	(z)	(ʑ)	(ɣ)		ʕ
Approximants					j	w
Lateral			l		ʎ
Trill			r				ʀ

Vowels

	Front		Central		Back
	Short	Long	Short	Long	Short	Long
High	i	iː			u	uː
Mid	e	eː	ə	əː	o	oː
Low			a	aː

Diphthongs

ai, oa, ui, ie, ei, au, ea, ao, ua

Tones

	Symbol
Low tone	à
High tone	á
Neutral	a

Phonotactics

CLʕVVLCS

Ścuurcérts

Morphology

Default word order is typically SVO. Oörcian has does not feature passive construction, though it may be indirectly expressed from subject dropping.

Nouns

-VC Declension 1

	Singular		Plural
	Animate	Inanimate	Animate	Inanimate
Nominative	-Ø		-wi	-wë
Accusative	-i	-ë	-a
Dative	-eñ		-ela
Genitive	-śa	-śo	-śahi	-śohi
Instrumental	-aʕ		-aʕin
Vocative	-e		-awa

-V Declension 2

	Singular		Plural
	Animate	Inanimate	Animate	Inanimate
Nominative	-Ø		-wi	-wë
Accusative	-ye	-wë	-ya
Dative	-yeñ		-yela
Genitive	-ś	-śo	-śahi	-śohi
Instrumental	-wa		-qi
Vocative	-ye		-dewa

-V(V)N Declension 3

	Singular		Plural
	Animate	Inanimate	Animate	Inanimate
Nominative	-Ø		-ia
Accusative	-ca		-tu	-te
Dative	-dyë		-dë
Genitive	-s		-say	-soy
Instrumental	-aʕ		-aq	-eqí
Vocative	-e		-awa

-q/ʀ Declension 4

-q/ʀ class	Singular		Plural
	Animate	Inanimate	Animate	Inanimate
Nominative	-Ø		-wa
Accusative	-u		-ul
Dative	-di		-dë
Genitive	-si	-sa	-say	-soy
Instrumental	-wa		-i
Vocative	-e		-awa

Syphounic Declensions 5

Irregular class	Singular		Plural
	Animate	Inanimate	Animate	Inanimate
Nominative	-Ø		-do
Accusative	-mi		-lam
Dative	-ee		-wa
Genitive	-s		-sa
Instrumental	-uʕ		-eʕ
Vocative	-e		-awa

Pronouns and demonstratives

	Pronouns									Demonstratives
	1st person			2nd person			3rd person			Proximal			Medial			Distal
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ma	rak	có	ru	cim	timóí	dwa	dwali	tìmo	bíca	þiklu	śalàn	laibun	xya	yul	aláís	lya	tika
Accusative	fis	þús	śi	pi	kààm	sal	bès	feg		ŋùs	begwa		wayi	want		þirëka	wantwa
Dative	òlyo	þúsak	ogita	nʔo	mùùlk		nʔo	weag		quahi	quahiwa		xiŋ	xiŋgu		xinama	lihiwa
Genitive	þihi	haig	uug	plie	gyëm	tsaw	sè	śàw		reìs	śàwo		reìsu	śàwosu		sèsa	śàwotwa
Instrumental	lyuʕ	lyuʕak		duqi	duqáí		śugwʕa	hàìwë		awʕan	hàìwa		śugwʕa	hàìwë		śugwʕa	hàìwë

All pronouns can serve as standalone words, but more often than not are encliticise to suffixed to verbs to conjugate number, person, transitivity and polypersonal agreement in clauses.

Verbs

Verbs in Oörcian inflect for tense, mood and evidentiality. Only a handful of common unbound verbs exist, but more complex verbs are derived from nouns and adjectives compounded and suffixed with a variety of verbalisation markers, and can take auxiliary verbs to convey more specific meanings. As is unique with all Sergatic-Noxorese languages, Oörcian verbs inflect for the hesternel tense (events that happened yesterday) and hodiernal tense (events that happen today). Reduplication of a verb creates the imperfective aspect, though longer words are rarely reduplicated and are understood by context.

		Pre-Hesternel	Hesternel	Gnomic	Hodiernal	Post-Hodiernal
Irealis		-anya	-oma	-èt	-Ø	-es
Realis	Inferential	-siya	-si		-a	-ga
	Experiential	-eaya	-ea	-ètea
	Hearsay	-lasya	-las	-ètal
	Visual	-osya	-os	-èòs