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This page is about a United States Coast Guard patrol vessel class. For the Royal Navy 195 foot patrol vessel class, see Island-class patrol vessel.
USCGC Knight Island, commissioned in 1992, is the second newest Island-class boat.
Class overview
NameIsland class
BuildersBollinger Shipyards, Lockport, Louisiana, U.S.
Operators
Preceded byCape-class
Succeeded bySentinel-class
Built1985–1992[1]
In service1985–present
Completed49
Active3
Lost1
General characteristics
TypePatrol boat
Displacement168 tons
Length110 ft (34 m)
Beam21 ft (6.4 m)
Draft7.3 ft (2.2 m)[2]
Propulsion
Speed29.5 kn (54.6 km/h; 33.9 mph)
Range2,900 nmi (5,400 km; 3,300 mi)
Endurance5 days
Boats & landing
craft carried		1 – Cutter Boat Medium (Yamaha 90 HP outboard engine)
Complement16 (2 officers, 14 enlisted)
Sensors and
processing systems		AN/SPS-73 radar
Armament
Aircraft carriedNone

The Island-class patrol boat is a class of cutters of the United States Coast Guard. Of the 49 cutters of the class that were built, 3 remain in commission. Their hull numbers are WPB-1301 through WPB-1349.[4]

Overview

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The 110 feet (34 metres) Island-class patrol boats are a U.S. Coast Guard modification of a highly successful British-designed Vosper Thornycroft patrol boat built for Qatar, Abu Dhabi, and Singapore.[2] With excellent range and seakeeping capabilities, the Island class, all named after U.S. islands, replaced the older 95 feet (29 metres) Cape-class cutters. These cutters are equipped with advanced electronics and navigation equipment, and are used in support of the Coast Guard's maritime homeland security, migrant interdiction, drug interdiction, defense operations, fisheries enforcement, and search and rescue missions.[5] The cutters have 10 tons worth of space and weight reservations for additional weapons.[6]

The Sentinel-class cutters, selected under the Fast Response Cutter (FRC) program, are slated to replace the Island class. Six Island class cutters (USCGC Adak, Aquidneck, Baranof, Maui, Monomoy, and Wrangell) were stationed in Manama, Bahrain, as a part of Patrol Forces Southwest Asia to provide the Navy's Fifth Fleet with combat ready assets[7] but all have been replaced by Fast Response Cutters.[8]

Origins and contracting

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The Coast Guard began a process to replace its aging Point-class and Cape-class cutters in late 1982. It determined that there was an urgent need for a new class of patrol boats to police drug smuggling and illegal immigration, particularly in the Caribbean and Southeastern United States. In order to speed procurement and lower risks and costs, the Coast Guard required bids for its new Island-class cutters to be based on existing patrol boat designs, rather than brand new designs.[9]

On 11 May 1984 the Coast Guard awarded a $76 million contract to Marine Power Equipment Company of Seattle, Washington for the first 16 patrol boats.[10] Bollinger Machine Shop and Shipyard, Inc. of Lockport, Louisiana, the losing bidder, sued in Federal court to have the award overturned. Bollinger argued that Marine Power had violated the contracting rules by substituting 12-cylinder engines for the 20-cylinder engines in the "Parent Craft" that it based its submission on. The court agreed, and set aside Marine Power's contract.[9]

In August 1984 the Coast Guard awarded a $76.8 million contract to Bollinger for the first 16 cutters. [11][12] These became the A-series ships. Its design was based on the Vosper Thornycroft Ltd. 33 metres (108 ft) patrol boat.[13] Farallon was the first of these vessels produced. Her keel was laid on 26 December 1984.[14]

Bollinger was awarded a second contract with a face value of $99.3 million for 16 additional Island-class patrol boats in February 1987.[15] Also in February, Bollinger was awarded a separate contract with a face value of $31 million for five additional boats funded by the 1986 Drug xxxx Act.[16] These became the B-series ships.

Major modifications

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The Island-class patrol boats were modified several times during construction and over their service lives, both to fix problems and to upgrade their capabilities. The class was divided into A, B, and C-series cutters depending on their construction.

A-series (WPB 1301–1316)

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A-series cutters experienced cracking in their steel bow plating, which appeared when they were run at high speed in heavy seas. The affected steel was specified at 4 pounds per square foot, which meant that it was less than .125 inches (3.2 mm) thick.[17]

B-series (WPB 1317–1337)

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B-series cutters were built with heavier bow plating to avoid the hull cracking experienced in the A-series.

C-series (WPB 1338–1349)

[edit]
Comparison of Island-class patrol boat series[18]
A-series B-series C-series
Full-load displacement 163 tons 157 tons 153 tons
Main engines Paxman Valenta 16 RP200 Paxman Valenta 16 RP200 Caterpillar 3526
Maximum speed 29.7 knots 29.7 knots 28 knots
Unrefueled range 900 nm at 29.7 knots

2,700 nm at 12 knots

900 nm at 29.7 knots

2,700 nm at 12 knots

840 nm at 28 knots

2,400 nm at 12 knots

Main armament 20-mm gun mk 67, converted to 25-mm Bushmaster cannon Mk 38 20-mm mk 67 gun, converted to 25-mm Bushmaster cannon Mk 38 25-mm Bushmaster cannon Mk 38


110/132 conversion program

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In the early 1990s, the Coast Guard faced the obsolescence of several ship and aircraft types which worked in offshore waters. Replacement of these assets would take decades and billions of dollars. It developed the Integrated Deepwater System Program to recapitalize its fleet over 25 years. The prime contract for the Deepwater program was awarded on 25 June 2002 to Integrated Coast Guard Systems, a joint venture of Northrup Grumman and Lockheed Martin.[19]

The Deepwater program was constrained to a maximum expenditure of $500 million per year. Given the other priorities of the program, replacement of the Island-class patrol boats was not possible within the budgetary constraints of the early years. As an interim measure, Integrated Coast Guard Systems proposed to substantially modify Island-class cutters to upgrade their capabilities and extend their lives until the mid-2010s when fast response cutters were planned to replace them. The conversions were to be executed under a subcontract with a joint venture between Bollinger and Halter Marine.[19]

Major conversion work included replacing rusted hull plated, adding 13 feet (4.0 m) to the stern to make room for a high-speed stern launching ramp, replacing the superstructure to give the bridge better visibility and to accommodate mixed-gender crews, and updated electronics. The refit added about 15 tons to the vessel's displacement, and reduced its maximum speed by approximately one knot. The eight cutters[20] modified were;

The specification for the converted patrol boats included unrestricted speed up through sea state 3, or seas averaging less than 4 feet (1.2 m). In September 2004, USCGC Matagorda made a high-speed transit to avoid Hurricane Ivan, in seas which may have exceeded the design specification. In any case, her hull buckled during the trip. After extensive study, the hulls of the converted patrol boats were reinforced. In 2006, USCGC Nunivak experienced hull deformation while underway aft of the area which had been reinforced. The reason for this failure could not be determined.[19]

In 2005, Coast Guard Commandant Admiral Thomas H. Collins made the decision to stop the contractor's conversion at eight hulls. Sea trials revealed structural flaws and the poor condition of the steel hulls made the conversions more expensive and riskier.[21][22] The Coast Guard spent $95 million on the failed conversion program.[23] The eight ships which had already been converted were restricted in their operations as a crew safety measure.[24]

In August 2006, a Lockheed Martin engineer went public with allegations of serious flaws in the conversion project, which the company and Coast Guard had ignored.[25] The Inspector General of the Department of Homeland Security investigated and agreed that the company had failed to use smokeless cabling and deployed electronics which did not meet the mimimum temperature specifications.[26]

On 30 November 2006 all eight of the converted patrol boats were taken out of service due to debilitating problems with their lengthened hulls.[26] The eight modified were moved to the United States Coast Guard Yard and moored in Arundel Cove.[27]

The failure of the program was costly and embarrassing for the Coast Guard, and it sought legal action against Bollinger. On 14 May 2006 the Department of Justice issued a litigation hold letter to Bollinger advising it that an investigation had been opened. On 17 June 2006 the Coast Guard revoked its acceptance of the eight cutters. The United States sued Bollinger on 29 July 2011. This case was ultimately dismissed by the district court.[28] On appeal, the fifth circuit court of appeals reversed the circuit court in December 2014, and remanded it for further action.[29]

Bollinger sued Northrop Grumman Ship Systems in October 2008 to enforce the arbitration provisions of their contract to settle claims related to the conversion program.[30] The court agreed that the contract between the parties required arbitration and ordered Northrop Grumman to comply.

Transfers to foreign operators

[edit]
Unloading of P191 "Starobilsk" of the Ukrainian Navy

The U.S. Coast Guard has transferred several ships to foreign navies and coast guards via the Defense Security Cooperation Agency's Office of International Acquisition's Excess Defense Articles Program (EDA).[31]

In May 2023, the United States government pledged to provide the Philippines at least two Island-class patrol vessels which was agreed by both sides, as it was offered alongside two Marine Protector-class patrol boats and three Lockheed C-130H Hercules aircraft during President Bongbong Marcos' visit to Washington D.C.[32][33] The recipient of the transferred vessels will be the Philippine Navy. [34][35]

Operators

[edit]

Dispositions

[edit]
Disposition of Island class Cutters
image name commissioned decommissioned notes
Farallon (WPB-1301) 21 February 1986[45] In active service as of 2015
Manitou (WPB-1302) 24 January 1986[46] Directed to be removed from operational service November 2006
Matagorda (WPB-1303) 24 April 1986[46] 23 January 2003[47] Directed to be removed from operational service November 2006
Maui (WPB-1304) 9 May 1986[45] 22 March 2022 in Manama, Bahrain[48][44]
Monhegan (WPB-1305) 16 June 1986[46] Directed to be removed from operational service November 2006
Nunivak (WPB-1306) 2 May 1986[46] Directed to be removed from operational service November 2006
Ocracoke (WPB-1307) 4 August 1986[45] November 22, 2019 transferred to Ukraine, renamed P192 Sumy
Vashon (WPB-1308) 15 August 1986[46] Directed to be removed from operational service November 2006
Aquidneck (WPB-1309) 26 September 1986[45] 15 June 2021[44] in Manama, Bahrain[49] Transferred to Greece[44]
Mustang (WPB-1310) 29 August 1986[45] In active service
Naushon (WPB-1311) 3 October 1986[45] In active service
Sanibel (WPB-1312) 14 November 1986[45] 2023[50][51]
Edisto (WPB-1313) 7 January 1987[45] 13 April 2018[52]
Sapelo (WPB-1314) 24 February 1987[45] Decommissioned/scrapped
Mantinicus (WPB-1315) 16 April 1987[45] In active service
Nantucket (WPB-1316) 4 June 1987[45] 8 March 2017[53]
Attu (WPB-1317) 9 May 1988[46] Directed to be removed from operational service November 2006
Baranof (WPB-1318) 20 May 1988[45] 26 September 2022[44]
Chandeleur (WPB-1319) 8 June 1988[45] In active service as of 2020
Chincoteague (WPB-1320) 8 August 1988[45] In active service
Cushing (WPB-1321) 8 August 1988[45] 8 March 2017[53] transferred to Ukraine, renamed P190 Sloviansk, sunk due to Russian action 3 March 2022
Cuttyhunk (WPB-1322) 15 October 1988[45] 5 May 2022 in Port Angeles, Washington[54]
Drummond (WPB-1323) 19 October 1988[45] transferred to Ukraine, renamed P191 Starobilsk
Key Largo (WPB-1324) 24 December 1988[45] 27 February 2023[51]
Metompkin (WPB-1325) 12 January 1989[46] 9 June 2003[47] Directed to be removed from operational service November 2006
Monomoy (WPB-1326) 16 December 1988[45] 22 March 2022[44] in Manama, Bahrain[48] Transferred to Greece[44]
Orcas (WPB-1327) 14 April 1989[45] 23 April 2024 in Coos Bay, Oregon[55]
Padre (WPB-1328) 24 February 1989[46] Directed to be removed from operational service November 2006
Sitkanak (WPB-1329) 31 March 1989[45] In active service as of 2018
Tybee (WPB-1330) 9 May 1989[45] 28 March 2023[56][51][50]
Washington (WPB-1331) 9 June 1989[45] 18 December 2019 transferred to Ukraine, renamed P193 Fastiv
Wrangell (WPB-1332) 24 June 1989[45] 22 March 2022[44] in Manama, Bahrain[48] Transferred to Greece[44]
Adak (WPB-1333) 17 November 1989[45] 15 June 2021[44] in Manama, Bahrain[49] Transferred to Greece[44]
Liberty (WPB-1334) 4 August 1989[45] In active service
Anacapa (WPB-1335) 13 January 1990[45] 26 April 2024 in Port Angeles, Washington[57]
Kiska (WPB-1336) ca. 1 December 1989 (delivery date)[45] In active service
Assateague (WPB-1337) ca. 1 January 1990 (delivery date)[45] 13 October 2017
Grand Isle (WPB-1338) ca. 14 December 1990 (delivery date)[45] 2015 transferred to Pakistan as PMSS Sabqat
Key Biscayne (WPB-1339) 27 April 1991[45] transferred to Pakistan
Jefferson Island (WPB-1340) 16 August 1991[45] 19 September 2014 in Portland, Maine transferred to Georgian Coast Guard, September 2016[58]
Kodiak Island (WPB-1341) 21 June 1991[45] In active service as of 2014
Long Island (WPB-1342) 27 August 1991[45] transferred to Costa Rica,[59] renamed Juan Rafael Mora Porras
Bainbridge Island (WPB-1343) ca. 14 June 1991 (delivery date)[45] 17 March 2014 purchased by Sea Shepherd, renamed MV Sharpie; Scrapped in Mexico
Block Island (WPB-1344) ca. 19 July 1991 (delivery date)[45] 14 March 2014 purchased by Sea Shepherd, renamed MY Jules Verne & later MV John Paul DeJoria; Scrapped in Mexico
Staten Island (WPB-1345) 22 November 1991[60] 2014[60] transferred to Georgia, 2014[60]
Roanoke Island (WPB-1346) 8 February 1992[61] 4 June 2015[61] transferred to Costa Rica,[59] renamed Gen. Jose M. Canas Escamilla
Pea Island (WPB-1347) ca. 1 November 1992 (delivery date)[45] purchased by Sea Shepherd, renamed MY Farley Mowat
Knight Island (WPB-1348) ca. 6 December 1991 (delivery date)[45] In active service
Galveston Island (WPB-1349) ca. 17 January 1992 (delivery date)[45] 16 March 2018
[edit]
  • USCG Sanibel moored in Boston Harbor
    USCG Sanibel moored in Boston Harbor
  • Four WPBs transported to the Mediterranean aboard MV BBC Spain
    Four WPBs transported to the Mediterranean aboard MV BBC Spain
  • USCGC Anacapa sinks derelict Ryou-Un Maru fishing vessel with fire hose, 5 April 2012.
    USCGC Anacapa sinks derelict Ryou-Un Maru fishing vessel with fire hose, 5 April 2012.

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ "WPB 110' Island Class". GlobalSecurity.org. Global Security. Archived from the original on 2017-09-20. Retrieved 2018-06-09. There are three variants of the Island Class. The A & B classes use two Paxman-Valenta 16 CM engines as there propulsion plants while the C class uses two Caterpillar 3516s.
  2. ^ a b McCarthy, Frank N. (1986). "The Coast Guard's New Island in the Drug War". Proceedings. 112 (2). United States Naval Institute: 109&110.
  3. ^ Carr, Richard (31 March 2014). "Valenta and VP185 applications – Valenta (Y3J or RP200) applications". PaxmanHistory.org.uk. Richard Carr's Paxman history pages. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  4. ^ "USCG: 110 ft Patrol Boat". USCG.mil. Archived from the original on 12 December 2012. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
  5. ^ "Patrol Forces Southwest Asia". USCG.mil. US Coast Guard. Archived from the original on 21 March 2017. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
  6. ^ "United States Coast Guard AntiSubmarine Warfare (ASW) in the Maritime Defense Zone (MDZ)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-04-28. Retrieved 3 May 2018. The new Island Class of 110-foot Patrol Boat (WPB) was designed with "a ten-ton space and weight reservation for additional weapon systems."
  7. ^ "Patrol Forces Southwest Asia". USCG.mil. US Coast Guard. 21 December 2016. P4_ORG_CHART_JAN16.ppt. Archived from the original on 21 March 2017. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
  8. ^ "Patrol Forces Southwest Asia (PATFORSWA)". United States Coast Guard Atlantic Area, U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Defense Media Activity. Retrieved 31 May 2024. In the midst of a fleet transition from WPBs to WPCs, the PATFORSWA squadron currently consists of six 154' Sentinel Class Fast Response Cutters, a cutter relief crew, and a 150-member mission support detachment in Bahrain.
  9. ^ a b Bollinger Machine Shop v. United States, 594 F. Supp. 903 (1985).
  10. ^ "Marine Power wins contract to build 16 Coast Guard boats". News Tribune. 14 May 1984. p. 12.
  11. ^ Bulletin of Information. U.S. Coast Guard Academy. 1986.
  12. ^ "Bollinger wins contract suit, $76 million Coast Guard job". Leesville Daily Leader. 12 August 1984. p. 11.
  13. ^ Polmar, Norman (2005). Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet (18th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 587, 588. ISBN 978-1-59114-685-8.
  14. ^ "Farallon (Patrol boat)". National Archives. Retrieved 2025-01-21.
  15. ^ "Bollinger Shipyards to Build More Coast Guard Cutters". Town Talk. 12 February 1987. p. 33.
  16. ^ "Statewide Briefs". Crowley Post-Signal. 26 February 1987. p. 1.
  17. ^ Griggs, Ted (15 April 1987). "Coast Guard gets fast Louisiana cutters". Daily World. p. 19.
  18. ^ Polmar, Norman (2005). Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet (18th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 586–587. ISBN 978-1-59114-685-8.
  19. ^ a b c The Coast Guard's Integrated Deepwater System: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, First Session, January 30, 2007. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 2007. pp. 155–159. ISBN 978-0-16-079708-8.
  20. ^ Bruce Alpert (August 18, 2011). "Feds Sue Bollinger Shipyards Over 'Unseaworthy' Coast Guard Ships". New Orleans Business News. Archived from the original on 2018-06-09. Retrieved March 28, 2012. The suit contends that Lockport-based Bollinger exaggerated the structural hull strength of the eight boats it had contracted to lengthen from 110 feet to 123 feet.
  21. ^ Nathaniel R. Helms (2005-06-23). "Coast Guard Scramble Over Deepwater Snag". Military.com. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2009-10-08.
  22. ^ "Coast Guard ends cutter conversion program". MarineLog. 2005-07-18. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2009-10-08.
  23. ^ O'Rourke, Ronald (2010). Coast Guard Deepwater Acquisition Programs: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress. Congressional Research Service. ISBN 978-1-4379-3444-1.
  24. ^ Merle, Renae; Hsu, Spencer S. (10 December 2006). "Millions later, Coast Guard's upgrade doesn't hold water". Sunday Oregonian. p. 5.
  25. ^ Griff Witte (2006-08-29). "On YouTube, Charges of Security Flaws". Washington Post. Archived from the original on 2018-05-18. Retrieved 2009-10-08.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  26. ^ a b 110′/123′ Maritime Patrol Boat Modernization Project (PDF). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Homeland Security. February 2007.
  27. ^ U. S. Coast Guard Patrol Craft Archived 2014-05-26 at the Wayback Machine. HMC James T. Flynn, Jr. USNR(ret). 2012.
  28. ^ XL Specialty Insurance v. Bollinger Shipyards, Inc.
  29. ^ United States v. Bollinger Shipyards, Inc., 775 F.3rd 255 (2014).
  30. ^ "Bollinger suing Northrop over cutters". Sun Herald. 16 October 2008. p. 18.
  31. ^ "EDA". dsca.mil. Archived from the original on September 7, 2017. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  32. ^ Valmonte, Kaycee (2 May 2023). "US to transfer patrol boats, airplanes to Philippine military". Philstar Global. Archived from the original on 3 May 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
  33. ^ "Philippines To Receive Four Ex-US Coast Guard Patrol Boats". Baird Maritime. 3 May 2023. Archived from the original on 3 May 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
  34. ^ Nepomuceno, Priam (3 May 2023). "4 US patrol boats to beef up PH Navy's defense capabilities". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on 8 May 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  35. ^ "Understanding the United States' Patrol Boat Pledges to the Philippine Navy". Pitz Defense Analysis. 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  36. ^ "U.S. Donates Two Patrol Boats to Georgian Coast Guard". Civil Georgia. Tbilisi. 1 October 2016. Archived from the original on 2017-12-12. Retrieved 1 October 2016.
  37. ^ a b "USCG Transfers Cutters". dcms.uscg.mil. Archived from the original on February 28, 2018. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  38. ^ "Costa Rica to commission former US Coast Guard cutters in April". Naval Today. 2018-03-07. Archived from the original on 2018-04-12. Retrieved 2018-06-08. The Coast Guard formally transferred the two patrol boats – the former cutters Long Island and Roanoke Island – to Costa Rica through the Excess Defense Articles (EDA) Program in October 2017.
  39. ^ "Sea Shepherd Welcomes the Farley Mowat and the Jules Verne to its Fleet - Sea Shepherd Conservation Society". Archived from the original on 2015-06-03. Retrieved 2015-06-01.
  40. ^ "Sea Shepherd Launches New Anti-poaching Vessel M/V Sharpie". Sea Shepherd Conservation Society. Archived from the original on 2017-12-08. Retrieved 2017-12-09.
  41. ^ "Ukraine to receive two former U.S. Coast Guard Island-class cutters". navaltoday.com. navaltoday.com. 3 April 2018. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  42. ^ "ΑΠΟΚΛΕΙΣΤΙΚΟ: Οι ΗΠΑ παραχωρούν 3 περιπολικά κλάσης Island στο Πολεμικό μας Ναυτικό, άλλα 5 προς διάθεση στο άμεσο μέλλον - Πτήση" (in Greek). 2022-01-20. Retrieved 2023-07-08.[permanent dead link‍]
  43. ^ "Μαντούβαλος, Γαλάνης, Λιάσκος, Γιαλοψός: Αθάνατοι, δίνουν το όνομα τους στα 4 Island" [Mantuvalos, Galanis, Liaskos, Gialopsos: Immortals, give their name to the 4 Island] (in Greek). Flight. 2023-07-05. Retrieved 2024-09-19. Όπως ανακοίνωσε το Πολεμικό Ναυτικό σε συνεδρίαση του Ανωτάτου Ναυτικού Συμβουλίου τη Δευτέρα 3/7/2023, ορίσθηκαν τα ονόματα των 4 νέων παράκτιων περιπολικών Island που παραλαμβάνονται από την Αμερικανική Ακτοφυλακή (τα πρώτα δύο ήδη έφθασαν στο Ναύσταθμο Σαλαμίνας). [As announced by the Navy at a meeting of the Supreme Naval Council on Monday, 3rd July 2023, the names of the 4 new Island-class coastal patrol vessels, which are being received from the U.S. Coast Guard, were designated (the first two have already arrived at the Salamis Naval Base).]
  44. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Mitsopoulos, Dimitris (July 3, 2023). "Greece receives first Island class patrol vessels from the U.S." Retrieved January 9, 2025.
  45. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am Polmar, Norman (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet (19th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 595–596. ISBN 978-1-59114-687-2.
  46. ^ a b c d e f g h Scheina, Robert L. (1990). U.S. Coast Guard Cutters and Craft 1946-1990. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 62–63. ISBN 0-87021-719-4.
  47. ^ a b "WPB 110' Island Class". globalsecurity.org. Retrieved January 10, 2025.
  48. ^ a b c "U.S. Coast Guard Decommissions 3 Cutters in Bahrain". U.S. Naval Forces Central Command / U.S. 5th Fleet. 22 March 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  49. ^ a b "U.S. Coast Guard Decommissions Bahrain-Based Cutters USCGC Aquidneck, USCGC Adak". U.S. Naval Forces Central Command / U.S. 5th Fleet. 16 June 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  50. ^ a b "Instagram post". instagram.com.
  51. ^ a b c Hill, Chuck (April 24, 2024). "Status: Island Class WPB 110 Foot Cutters / USCGC Orcas Decommissioned".
  52. ^ "EDISTO WPB 1313". navalcovermuseum.org. Retrieved January 10, 2025.
  53. ^ a b "U.S. Coast Guard cutters Cushing and Nantucket decommissioned". Navy Times. Arlington, Virginia. 10 March 2017. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
  54. ^ "Coast Guard Cutter Cuttyhunk decommissioned after 34 years of service" (Press release). Seattle, Washington, United States: U.S. Coast Guard 13th District Pacific Northwest. 2022-05-05. Retrieved 2024-05-23.
  55. ^ "Coast Guard Cutter Orcas decommissioned after 35 years of service in Coos Bay, Oregon" (Press release). Coos Bay, Oregon: United States Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security. 23 April 2024. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  56. ^ [1]
  57. ^ "U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Anacapa decommissioned after 34 years of service" (Press release). Port Angeles, Washington: United States Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security. Defense Media Activity. 2024-04-29. Retrieved 2024-05-23.
  58. ^ "JEFFERSON ISLAND WPB 1340". navalcovermuseum.org. Retrieved January 10, 2025.
  59. ^ a b "Coast Guard Transfers Two Former Cutters To Costa Rica". U.S. Southern Command. Retrieved 2025-01-28.
  60. ^ a b c "STATEN ISLAND WPB 1345". navalcovermuseum.org. Retrieved January 10, 2025.
  61. ^ a b "Coast Guard cutter forced into retirement". Homer News. June 4, 2015. Retrieved January 10, 2025.
[edit]
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