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Topic: Understanding Neurological Diseases (and treatments) by Looking at the Evolution of Humans and the Human Genome.

Works Cited

Azhari, Aziz, Jasmina Ilievska, Paul Fisher, and Naomi Bishop. "An Evolutionary Biology Approach to Understanding Neurological Disorders." Www.intechopen.com. N.p., 20 Apr. 2012. Web. 14 Sept. 2014. This article is full of information relating gene loci and disease phenotypes. Furthermore, evolutionary biology is related to the development of neurological disorders. I would consider this the most fruitful of the articles listed here.

Braak, H., Dr. "Evolution of Neuronal Changes in the Course of Alzheimer's Disease - Springer." SpringerLink. N.p., 1998. Web. 14 Sept. 2014. This article brings molecular genetics into the understanding of Alzheimer’s disease. The progression of the disease and the related gene regulation as a predictor for the onset of the disease.

Brown, Betty, M. Oberste, and James Alexander. "Molecular Epidemiology and Evolution of Enterovirus 71 Strains Isolated from 1970 to 1998." American Society for MicrobiologyJournal of Virology. N.p., 2 Sept. 1999. Web. 14 Sept. 2014. This article follows a virus and explains the differences the virus can cause in Humans in relation to its location on the Earth. This article implies genetic drift could be a factor in the virus.

Park, Solip, Jinho Kim, and Juyong Park. "Evolutionary History of Human Disease Genes Reveals Phenotypic Connections and Comorbidity among Genetic Diseases." Nature.com. Nature Publishing Group, 22 Oct. 2012. Web. 14 Sept. 2014. This article claims that there is an evolutionary relationship between diseases phenotypes and the way diseases are classified. The article tries to explain how similar evolutionary constraints in Human genes allow better prediction of the risk of developing a disease.

Perlman, Robert L. Evolution and Medicine. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2013. Print. This book has examples of how natural selection has shaped genetic diseases, and how diseases of the humans in the past have affected the evolution of Humans now. The book presents evolution as a way of understanding current diseases.

https://wiki.riteme.site/wiki/Biochemistry_of_Alzheimer%27s_disease

Although AD shares pathophysiological mechanisms as prion diseases, it should be noted that AD is not transmissible like prion diseases.[15]

Castellni RJ, Perry G, Smith MA (2004). "Prion disease and Alzheimer's disease: pathogenic overlap". PubMed. PMID 15190676.

Biochemical Characteristics

The article states, "Levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine are reduced. Levels of the neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, and somatostatin are also often reduced. Glutamate levels are usually elevated." The article does not go into detail about what implications these changes could mean. Are these neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, only reduced in the affected areas of the brain? Are they reduced elsewhere in the body besides the brain? Does the increased Glutamate levels imply that there is too much Glutamate and therefore causes neuro-toxicity?

You need two more suggestions besides going into detail about implications of changed neurtransmitter levels Larson.309 (talk) 17:35, 12 October 2014 (UTC)

</ref> Although AD shares pathophysiological mechanisms as prion diseases, it should be noted that AD is not transmissible like prion diseases.Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page).

References