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File:Representation of lcm.jpg
Schematic image of the lithography-based ceramic manufacturing (LCM) process: (1) light source, (2) coating knife, (3) rotating vat filled with resin and (4) building platform.

Lithography‐based additive manufacturing, also known as LCM, is a form of 3D printing technology for creating models, prototypes and production parts by using a photocurable ceramic suspension that is hardened via a photolithographic process. The technology was invented in 2006 at the TU Vienna, where a digital light processing (DLP) system was developed for the fabrication of complex technical ceramics with defined geometries.[1]

Technology

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LCM is a layered manufacturing approach where liquid photopolymerizable resins are solidified with ultraviolet, visible, or infrared light. [2] The photopolymer acts as binder between the ceramic particles and makes the precise shaping of the part possible. The shaped form is produced as a green body that has to be further processed to obtain a part with higher relative density (99.85%–99.95%).[3] These post-processing steps include the debinding, i.e. the thermal decomposition of the binder and the sub-sequent sintering into a compact ceramic part.

Materials

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Depending on the field of application, various formulations were developed for fabricating customized ceramic parts made of aluminum oxide[4], zirconia, silicon nitride [5], tricalcium phosphate, or bioactive glass [6]. LMM enables production of ceramic parts for a range of new applications; like microreactors[7], auxetic structures[8] or heat exchangers[7], as well as biomedical devicesCite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). and personalized medical products.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Mitteramskogler G.; Gmeiner R.; Felzmann R.; Gruber S.; Hofstetter C.; Stampfl J.; Ebert J.; Wachter W.; Laubersheimer J. "Light curing strategies for lithography-based additive manufacturing of customized ceramics" (PDF). Additive Manufacturing. 1-4. (2014): 110-118. Print. 8 September 2014.
  2. ^ Felzmann R., Gruber S., Mitteramskogler G., Tesavibul P., Boccaccini A. R., Liska R., Stampfl J. “Lithography-Based Additive Manufacturing of Cellular Ceramic Structures.” Advanced Engineering Materials. 14(12). (December 2012): 1052-1058. Print. December 2012.
  3. ^ Diaz Lantada A.; De Blas Romero A.; Schwentenwein M.; Jellinek C.; Homa J. "Lithography-based ceramic manufacture (LCM) of auxetic structures: present capabilities and challenges". Smart Materials and Structures. 25(5). (2016): 1-14. Print. 8 April 2016.
  4. ^ Schwentenwein M., Homa J. “Additive Manufacturing of Dense Alumina Ceramics.” Applied Ceramic Technology. 12(1). (2015): 1-7. Print. January-February 2015.
  5. ^ Altun A.A.; Prochaska T.; Konegger T.; Schwentenwein M. "Dense, Strong, and Precise Silicon Nitride-Based Ceramic Parts by Lithography-Based Ceramic Manufacturing". Applied Sciences. 10(3). (2020): 1-14. Print. 20 February 2020.
  6. ^ Schwarzer E., Götz M., Markova D., Stafford D., Scheithauer U., Moritz T. “Lithography-based ceramic manufacturing (LCM) – Viscosity and cleaning as two quality influencing steps in the process chain of printing green parts”. Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 37(16). (2017): 5329-5338.
  7. ^ a b Scheithauer U., Schwarzer E., Ganzer G., Kornig A., Becker W., Reichelt E., Jahn M., Hartel A., Richter H.J., Moritz T., Michaelis A. “Micro‐Reactors Made by Lithography‐Based Ceramic Manufacturing (LCM)”. Additive Manufacturing and Strategic Technologies in Advanced Ceramics: Ceramic Transactions. 258, CCLVIII. (2016). 31-41. Cite error: The named reference "Scheithauer" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  8. ^ Diaz Lantada A.; De Blas Romero A.; Schwentenwein M.; Jellinek C.; Homa J. "Lithography-based ceramic manufacture (LCM) of auxetic structures: present capabilities and challenges". Smart Materials and Structures. 25(5). (2016): 1-14. Print. 8 April 2016.

Category:3D printing technologies Category:3D printing processes