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User:Howardrford/South America

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The following table lists records of extreme temperature in territories of South America. The elevation in metres above sea level of locations reporting record minimum temperatures is given where relevant.

Territory Lowest Temperature Highest Temperature
T°C Place Elev. (m) Date T °C Place Date
South America †O-39.0 Valle de Los Patos Superior  Argentina 2880 17 July 1972 47.3 Campo Gallo  Argentina 16 October 1936
†ʘ†50-37.0 Coyhaique Alto  Chile 730 21 June 2002 †5047 Aguaraycito  Bolivia 23 November 2003
†5047.0 Catamarca Airport  Argentina 30 October 2009
Pozo Sarmiento near San Ramón de la Nueva Orán Salta province  Argentina 9 December 2022


 Argentina †O-39.0 Valle de Los Patos Superior San Juan province [1][2] 2880 17 July 1972 47.3 Campo Gallo Santiago del Estero province [3][4] 16 October 1936
†ʘ†50-30.0 Estancia La Paulina Aserradero near Alto Río Senguer Chubut province [5][6] 835 24 July 2001 †5047.0 Catamarca Airport Catamarca province [7] 30 October 2009
Pozo Sarmiento near San Ramón de la Nueva Orán Salta province [5] 9 December 2022
 Bolivia -25.7 Uyuni Potosí department [8][9] 3670 7 August 1946 47 Aguaraycito (near Villamontes) Tarija department [8][10] 23 November 2003
†50-23.8 Charaña La Paz department [8] 4075 24 June 1981
 Brazil -14.0 Caçador Santa Catarina state [11][12][13] 920 11 June 1952 44.2 Cuiabá Mato Grosso state [14][15] 19 October 2023
†50-10.0 São Joaquim Santa Catarina state [11][13] 1375 2 August 1991
 Chile -37.0 Coyhaique Alto Aysén region [16][17][18] 730 21 June 2002 45.0 Cauquenes Maule region [19][20] 26 January 2017
 Colombia -11.0 Berlín Santander department [21] 3210 December 1974 42.6 Chiriguaná Cesar department [22][23][24] 16 February 1998
Jerusalén Cundinamarca department [25] 19 February 2020
 Easter Island (Chile) 7.2 Mataveri Airport (Hanga Roa) [26] 29 July 1997 31.0 Easter Island [27][28][29][30] 15 February 1912
19 February 1938
24 January 1942 [31]
†5030.8 Mataveri Airport (Hanga Roa) [32] 13 February 2000
 Ecuador -4.5 Guaslán Chimborazo province [33][34] 2750 23 September 1997 38.6 Putumayo Sucumbíos province [35][36] January 1968
Latacunga (Cotopaxi) Airport Cotopaxi province [14][34] 2785 27 November 2005 Zapotillo Loja province [37][36] 17 March 1980
 Falkland Islands (UK) -14.4 Darwin East Falkland [38][39] 29 August 1927 29.6 Fox Bay West Falkland [40] 22 December 2022
†50-12.2 Estancia East Falkland [41] 20 June 2022
 Galápagos Islands (Ecuador) 10.0 Bella Vista Santa Cruz Island [42][43] 225 8 October 1996 36.0 Puerto Ayora (Charles Darwin Research Station) Santa Cruz Island [44] 21 February 2017
 French Guiana (Fr.) 14.8 Saül [45][46] 225 13 October 1975 39.1 Grand-Santi [47] 14 October 2023
 Guyana 13.0 Kaieteur Falls [48][49] 440 January 2004 40.1 Ebini [50] 26 August 2023
 Juan Fernández Islands (Chile) 3.0 Isla Robinsón Crusoe [51] 19 August 1965 28.8 San Juan Bautista Isla Robinsón Crusoe [14] 26 January 2017
†504.8 Isla Robinsón Crusoe [26] 3 August 2004
 Paraguay -7.5 Pratts Gill Airbase Boquerón department [52] 220 13 July 2000 46.2 Las Palmas Alto Paraguay department [53][54][55][56] 10 December 2022
 Peru -28.2 Macusani Puno department [57][58][59] 4345 6 July 1968 41.6 Iñapari Madre de Dios department [60] 7 October 2023
†50-25.0 Mazocruz Puno department [61][59] 4005 11 August 1992
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK) †O -29.8 Thule (Morrell) Island South Sandwich Islands [62] 31 July 1995
13 August 1995
14 August 1995 		28.8 King Edward Point South Georgia [63][64] 10 March 1922
†5027.1 King Edward Point South Georgia [14][65][66] 28 December 2020
 South Georgia -19.4 King Edward Point [62] 12 August 1907 28.8 King Edward Point [63][64] 10 March 1922
†50-15.1 King Edward Point [67] 29 July 2021 †5027.1 King Edward Point [14][65][66] 28 December 2020
South Sandwich Islands -29.8 Thule (Morrell) Island [62] 31 July 1995
13 August 1995
14 August 1995 		18.3 Thule (Morrell) Island [62] 20 January 2008
 Suriname 14.3 Zanderij Airport (Paramaribo) Para district [68] 23 January 1964 38.0 Jenny (Coppenamepunt) Coronie district [69] [70][71] 14 October 1972
†5015.0 Sipaliwini Sipaliwini district [26] 265 11 October 1975
14 October 1975 		Zanderij Airport (Paramaribo) Para district [26][72][71] 1 October 1976
2 October 1976
30 September 2023
 Uruguay -11.0 Melo Cerro Largo department [73] 100 14 June 1967 44.0 Paysandú Paysandú department [73][74] 20 January 1943
†50-8.5 Florida Florida department [26] 19 June 2015 Florida Florida department [75] 14 January 2022
 Venezuela -8.6 Laguna de Mucubají Mérida state [76][77] 3550 January 1967-1975 43.6 Santa Ana de Coro Falcón state [14] 29 April 2015

^†ʘ Record observed in an area with a permanent resident population. Unless otherwise stated, this will be the case.

^†O Territory or location has no permanent resident population.

^†50 Record in the last 50 years; only given if the all-time record occurred more than 50 years ago.


Notes and References

[edit]
  1. ^ Datos extremos en el país y en el mundo, Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (in Spanish; Extreme Data in the Country and the World). Retrieved 24 February 2018. Archived 8 November 2017.
  2. ^ A number of unpublished readings below -40°C have been reported, the most extreme being -44°C in July 2004 at the Veladero mine San Juan province at an elevation of 3850 m.
  3. ^ Anales Climatológicos, Tomo II, Periodo 1933-1937, Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in Spanish; Climatological Annals, Volume II, Period 1933-1937). Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  4. ^ 49.1°C reported at Villa de María del Río Seco Córdoba province on 2 January 1920, and 48.9°C reported at Rivadavia Salta province on 11 December 1905 are unreliable.
  5. ^ a b Sistema Nacional de Información Hídrica (in Spanish; "National Water Information System"). Retrieved 9 August 2023.
  6. ^ The lowest official reading in an inhabited place is -25.7°C at Perito Moreno Santa Cruz province on 9 July 2000. A number of unpublished readings below -40°C have been reported, the most extreme being -44°C in July 2004 at the Veladero mine San Juan province at an elevation of 3850 m. -35.3°C reported at Maquinchao Río Negro province on 14 July 1991, -35°C at Buen Pasto Chubut province on 16 June 1907 and -34.0°C at Sarmiento Chubut province in July 1950 are probably unreliable. -30.0°C reported at Las Bayas Río Negro province between 1953 and 1995 is possibly reliable.
  7. ^ Form to get daily summaries from synop reports, OGIMet. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
  8. ^ a b c SisMet, Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología (SENAMHI) (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  9. ^ Lower temperatures, including -35.0°C on 3 September 1992 were reported at the uninhabited Laguna Colorada Potosí department, elevation 4280 m) but this station is believed to be unreliable. Other sources give the absolute minimum temperature at this station as -17.4°C.
  10. ^ 47°C reported from the same place on 2 November 1992 and 3 January 1998 is not consistent with temperatures recorded at nearby stations on this day.
  11. ^ a b Recordes de Frio em SC, Centro de Informações de Recursos Ambientais e de Hidrometeorologia de Santa Catarina (CIRAM) (in Portuguese; Cold records in SC [Santa Catarina]). Retrieved 4 October 2020.
  12. ^ Also reported as occurring on 30 June 1952 but this is probably wrong.
  13. ^ a b -17.8°C reported at Morro da Igreja, Urubici municipality Santa Catarina state on 29 June 1996 is unreliable. -14.8°C was recorded at the uninhabited Campo Belo station in Itatiaia National Park, elevation 2440 m, on 1 July 2021.
  14. ^ a b c d e f Meteomanz.com. Retrieved 21 Sep.
  15. ^ Higher values including 44.8°C reported at Bom Jesus Piauí state on 21 November 2005, 44.6°C at Orleans Santa Catarina state on 6 January 1963, and 44.5°C at Poxoréu Mato Grosso state on 5 October 2020 are probably unreliable.
  16. ^ Boletines Anteriores, Junio 2002, Sección de Meteorología del Departamento de Geofísica de la Universidad de Chile (in Spanish; Previous Bulletins, June 2002). Retrieved 4 October 2020.
  17. ^ Bajas temperaturas ponen en alerta a sector agrícola en Aysén, emol.Chile (in Spanish; Low temperatures alert the agricultural sector in Aysén). Retrieved 20 September 2021. Archived 8 September 2019.
  18. ^ -37°C reported at Ollagüe Antofagasta region (elevation 3700 m) in 1962, and -40°C reported at Puesto Viejo Aysén region on 21 June 2002 are probably unreliable.
  19. ^ Datos históricos, Red Agroclimática Nacional, Ministerio de Agricultura, Chile (in Spanish; Historical Data). Retrieved 4 October 2020.
  20. ^ This reading may have been somewhat affected by wildfires. A reading of 43.0°C known to be unaffected by wildfires was reported at Quinchamalí Bío Bío region on the same day.
  21. ^ Las Heladas en Colombia, Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) (in Spanish; Frost in Colombia). Retrieved 1 October 2020.
  22. ^ Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM).
  23. ^ A number of readings as high as 43.0°C are believed to be unreliable.
  24. ^ The data is believed to be correct.
  25. ^ Condiciones del mes Anterior – Febrero 2020, Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) (in Spanish; Conditions in the previous month - February 2020). Retrieved 1 October 2020.
  26. ^ a b c d e Global Summary of the Day (GSOD), National Climatic Data Center. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
  27. ^ Anuario Meteorológico de Chile, 1912, Instituto Central Meteorológico y Geofísico de Chile, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in Spanish; Meteorological Annual of Chile, 1912). Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  28. ^ Anuario Meteorológico de 1938, Oficina Meteorológica de Chile, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in Spanish; Meteorological Annual of Chile, 1938). Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  29. ^ Anuario Meteorológico de 1942, Oficina Meteorológica de Chile, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in Spanish; Meteorological Annual of Chile, 1942). Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  30. ^ 31.1°C (date unknown) has also been reported.
  31. ^ Also several dates in February 1942.
  32. ^ Temperatura Máxima Diaria, Año 2000, Dirección Meteorológica de Chile - Servicios Climáticos (in Spanish; Daily Maximum Temperature, Year 2000). Retrieved 21 January 2020.
  33. ^ Anuario Meteorológico 1997, Instituto Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología (INAMHI) (in Spanish; Meteorological Annual 1997). Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  34. ^ a b -4.5°C has also been reported at Riobamba Chimborazo province (date unknown). -6.0°C reported at Latacunga (date unknown) is probably unreliable. -5.5°C has been reported at Chalpatan Carchi province (elevation 3360 m) but it is likely to be uninhabited. -10.5°C reported at Olmedo Pichincha province (elevation 2500 m) is unreliable. -14.2°C has been reported at an elevation of 4800 m at El Refugio on Volcán Cotopaxi.
  35. ^ Schwerdtfeger, W, ed. (1976), Climates of Central and South America. World Survey of Climatology Vol 12., Elsevier Publishing Company, ISBN 978-0444412713
  36. ^ a b Numerous unconfirmed temperatures higher than 39°C have been reported in the coastal lowlands of Ecuador. 39.8°C was reported in the central coastal plain in April 1963 but the exact location is unknown.
  37. ^ Plan Integral de Desarrollo de los Recursos Hídricos de la Provincia de Loja; Climatología, Organization of American States (in Spanish; Comprehensive Plan for the Development of the Water Resources of the Province of Loja; Climatology). Retrieved 17 September 2022. Archived 14 April 2006.
  38. ^ Meteorological Temperatures taken at Darwin Harbour, East Falkland, 1927, Falkland Islands Government Archives. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
  39. ^ Very little data from this station has been found, but the low temperature is somewhat supported by a minimum temperature of -8.9°C recorded on the same date at Stanley East Falkland (absolute minimum -11.2°C on 19 June 1883).
  40. ^ Climate Fox Bay, El Tiempo. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
  41. ^ Estancia Weather Data, South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute (SAERI). Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  42. ^ Bellavista, Charles Darwin Foundation. Retrieved 19 September 2021.
  43. ^ Near sea-level temperatures as low as 14.4°C have been reported at Puerto Ayora on the same island. Although these readings appear low, they are consistent with readings observed on nearby San Cristóbal Island: 13.2°C has been reported close to sea level at San Cristóbal Airport, and 11.0°C has been reported at an elevation of 250 m at El Progreso.
  44. ^ Puerto Ayora, Charles Darwin Foundation. Retrieved 19 September 2021.
  45. ^ Résumé mensual du temps Juillet-Décembre 1975, Service Météorologique Antilles-Guyane, Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project (in French; Monthly Summary of the Weather July-December 1975). Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  46. ^ 12.2°C reported at Saül (date unknown) is probably unreliable. 14.1°C reported at Saül on 16 August 1961 is possibly reliable.
  47. ^ Un très leger rafraichissement du à l'éclipse de Samedi, MeteoFrance Guyane (in French; A very slight freshening due to Saturday’s eclipse. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  48. ^ Table II - Summary of Daily Observations 2004, Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  49. ^ Temperatures close to 0°C are believed to be reached at high altitude on Mount Roraima.
  50. ^ CLIMAT summary for 81010: Ebini (Guyana), OGIMet. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  51. ^ Anuarios Climatológicos, Dirección General de Aeronáutica Civil, Chile (in Spanish; Climatological Annuals). Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  52. ^ Valores Extremos Históricos Climatológicos de la Red de Estaciones, Dirección de Meteorología e Hidrología (DMH) (in Spanish; Historical Climatological Extreme Values of the Station Network). Retrieved 21 September 2021. Archived 2 July 2012.
  53. ^ Temperaturas Máximas, Dirección de Meteorología e Hidrología (DMH) (in Spanish; Maximum Temperatures). Retrieved 14 December 2022.
  54. ^ This temperature was reported at the time but no longer appears in the records of the DMH. It is consistent with nearby readings taken on the same day.
  55. ^ Las Palmas is about 100 km north-east of Mariscal Estigarribia Boquerón department.
  56. ^ 46.6°C reported from Teniente Esteban Martínez Presidente Hayes department on the same day is probably unreliable due to overexposure of the recording instruments.
  57. ^ Atlas de Heladas del Perú, Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú (SENAMHI) (in Spanish; Frost Atlas of Peru). Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  58. ^ This reading is possibly unreliable; it has also been reported as -25°C. The next lowest temperature believed to be reliable is -27.7°C recorded at Mazocruz Puno region (elevation 4005 m) on 27 June 1973.
  59. ^ a b Lower temperatures reported at Chuapalca Tacna region (elevation 4175 m) are probably unreliable.
  60. ^ En Iñapari se registró 41.6 grados centígrados de temperature, Impetu (in Spanish; In Iñapari, 41.6 degrees Celsius was recorded). Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  61. ^ Conozca cuáles son los lugares más fríos del Perú, RPP. Retrieved 19 August 2023 (in Spanish; Know which are the coldest places in Peru).
  62. ^ a b c d Historical Weather: South Thule Island, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, El Tiempo. Retrieved 22 September 2021. Cite error: The named reference "SGA1" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  63. ^ a b Remarkable Temperatures in the Argentine and South Georgia, Meteorological Magazine, Vol. 57, No. 6, June 1922, p. 138. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
  64. ^ a b Although the reference states the temperature was recorded at Grytviken, weather observations moved 1 km from Grytviken to King Edward Point in August 1907.
  65. ^ a b Steve Colwell, British Antarctic Survey.
  66. ^ a b The temperature was recorded on the date given, not 27 December as given by the first reference.
  67. ^ Climate Explorer, The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI). Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  68. ^ Climatological Data, West Indies and Caribbean, January 1964, National Climate Data Center. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  69. ^ Download predefined subsets in ASCII, Latin American Climate Assessment and Dataset. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  70. ^ 39.3°C reported at Brownsweg (Placer L. en F. de Jong) Brokopondo district between 1897 and 1902 is probably unreliable.
  71. ^ a b 38.3°C reported from Paramaribo in August 1979 and 38.0°C in October 1974 and September 1979 are possibly reliable.
  72. ^ 30 Sep 2023 Summary for SR__ASOS, Iowa Environmental Mesonet, Iowa State University. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  73. ^ a b Récords Meteorológicos en el Uruguay, Red Académica Uruguaya (in Spanish; Meteorological Records of Uruguay). Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  74. ^ This reading is possibly overexposed. 44°C reported at Mercedes Soriano department on 18 January 1917, and Rivera Rivera department on 26 February 1953 are believed to be unreliable.
  75. ^ Uruguay registra la temperatura más alta de su historia, carmelo PORTAL.com. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  76. ^ Caracterización ecológica del clima en el Páramo de Mucubají, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Ecológicas (in Spanish; Ecological characterization of the climate in the Páramo de Mucubají). Retrieved 17 September 2022.
  77. ^ Although uninhabited, Laguna de Mucubají lies less than 1 kilometre from the town of San Isidro de Apartaderos (elevation 3505 m).
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