User:Haleymaclean/Hippolytus (son of Theseus)
Hippolytus was the son of Theseus and Hippolyta[1], He is mainly written about in Euripides tragedy he falls victim to Aphrodites revenge but the theory of his death and afterlife have different versions.
The meaning of Hippolytus' name is ironically ambiguous. Ἱππό translates to "horse", and the element -λυτος (from λύω "loosen, untie, destroy") suggests the adjective λυτός, -ή, -όν "which may be undone, destroyed." His name thereby takes on the prophetic meaning "destroyed by horses".Cite error: The opening <ref> tag is malformed or has a bad name (see the help page). Hippolytus is a hunter and sportsman who is disgusted by sex and marriage so is dedicated to Artemis, a virgin huntress. By devoting himself to Artemis he rejects Aphrodite and in her anger puts a curse on Phaedra, his stepmother, and causes her to fall in love with him.
The most common legend is Euripides' tragedy regarding Hippolytus, it states that he was killed after rejecting the advances of Phaedra, his stepmother, the second wife of Theseus. Because of Aphrodites curse Phaedra is so in love with Hippolytus she becomes sick with love and starts to starve herself, her nurse decides it would be a good idea to tell Hippolytus of her lust. Hippolytus who is disgusted by sex hugely rejects her. This causes Phaedra to be so embarrassed she hangs herself and leaves a note for Theseus accusing his son of raping her.[2] Theseus, furious, used one of the three wishes given to him by Poseidon, his father, to curse Hippolytus. Poseidon sent a sea-monster, to terrorize Hippolytus's horses. Hippolytus's horses were so distraught they could not be controlled, they smashed his chariot and dragged him to his death [3]. Artemis, tells Theseus the truth and the goddess tells dying Hippolytus that she will reward him by making him the subject of religious practice so his memory will live forever. Cite error: The opening <ref> tag is malformed or has a bad name (see the help page). Part of her promise is that the story of Phaedra and Hippolytus will live on forever in a song sung by Trozenian maidens.[4]
Versions of this story appear in Euripides' play Hippolytus, Seneca the Younger's play Phaedra, Ovid's Metamorphoses and Heroides, and Jean Racine's Phèdre.
Hippolytus - Virbius by Pausanias- A different afterlife
[edit]Pausanias believes he knows a story of Hippolytus different then Euripides.[5]
Hippolytus was resuscitated by Aesculapius, once revived he refused to forgive Theseus and went to Italy and became the king of the Aricians and named a city after Artemis.He ruled as god named Virbius and founded the sanctuary of Diana Nemorensis and lived there with her. (the sanctuary forbade horses from entering which is why it is believed he lived there) The story of Hippolytus is different from Euripides because it brings him back from the dead to live his life in Italy where Euripides permanently connects him to his tomb[6]
According to some sources, Hippolytus had scorned Aphrodite in order to become a devotee of Artemis, devoting himself to a chaste life in pursuit of hunting. In retaliation, Aphrodite made Phaedra fall in love with him. Hippolytus’ rejection of Phaedra led to his death in a fall from a chariot.
As a result, a cult grew up around Hippolytus, associated with the cult of Aphrodite. His cult believed that Artemis asked Asclepius to resurrect the young man since he had vowed chastity to her.
After his resurrection, he married Aricia. According to another tradition, he lived in the sacred forests near Aricia in Latium. Girls who were about to be married offered locks of their hair to him as a sign of their virginity.
- ^ Masterplots. Mazzeno, Laurence W. (4th ed ed.). Pasadena, Calif.: Salem Press. 2011. ISBN 978-1-58765-568-5. OCLC 650217820.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help)CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ ancientadmin. "Hippolytus - Euripides - Ancient Greece - Classical Literature". Ancient Literature. Retrieved 2020-10-21.
- ^ Rice, Bradley N. (2017-03-31). Tappenden, Frederick S.; Daniel-Hughes, Carly (eds.). Coming Back to Life: The Permeability of Past and Present, Mortality and Immortality, Death and Life in the Ancient Mediterranean (2 ed.). McGill University Library. pp. 345–374. doi:10.2307/j.ctvmx3k11.20. ISBN 978-1-77096-222-4.
- ^ Coming back to life : the permeability of past and present, mortality and immortality, death and life in the ancient Mediterranean. Daniel-Hughes, Carly, 1974-, Tappenden, Frederick S,, Rice, Bradley N,, Coming Back to Life: Performance, Memory, and Cognition in the Ancient Mediterranean (Conference) (2014 : Montréal, Québec). Montréal, QC. ISBN 978-1-77096-222-4. OCLC 975051675.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Coming back to life : the permeability of past and present, mortality and immortality, death and life in the ancient Mediterranean. Daniel-Hughes, Carly, 1974-, Tappenden, Frederick S,, Rice, Bradley N,, Coming Back to Life: Performance, Memory, and Cognition in the Ancient Mediterranean (Conference) (2014 : Montréal, Québec). Montréal, QC. ISBN 978-1-77096-222-4. OCLC 975051675.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Coming back to life : the permeability of past and present, mortality and immortality, death and life in the ancient Mediterranean. Daniel-Hughes, Carly, 1974-, Tappenden, Frederick S,, Rice, Bradley N,, Coming Back to Life: Performance, Memory, and Cognition in the Ancient Mediterranean (Conference) (2014 : Montréal, Québec). Montréal, QC. ISBN 978-1-77096-222-4. OCLC 975051675.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)