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| Mount Magazine | |
|---|---|
 Looking west from Mount Magazine's Cameron Bluff (October 2013) | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 2,753 ft (839 m) NAVD 88[1] |
| Prominence | 2,143 ft (653 m)[2] |
| Listing | |
| Coordinates | 35°10′01″N 93°38′41″W / 35.167016203°N 93.644725919°W[1] |
| Geography | |
  Mount Magazine | |
| Location | Logan County, Arkansas, U.S. |
| Parent range | Ouachita Mountains, U.S. Interior Highlands |
| Topo map | USGS Blue Mountain |
Mount Magazine, officially named Magazine Mountain, is the highest point of the U.S. Interior Highlands and the U.S. state of Arkansas, and is the site of Mount Magazine State Park.[3] It is a flat-topped mountain or mesa capped by hard rock and rimmed by precipitous cliffs. There are two summits atop the mountain: Signal Hill, which reaches 2,753 feet (839 m), and Mossback Ridge, which reaches 2,700 ft (823.0 m).
Etymology
[edit]Mount Magazine gets its name from French explorers who, while traveling through the area, witnessed a landslide on the mountain. The noise from the landslide was so great that one explorer described it as the sound of an ammunition magazine exploding, hence the name "Magazine".
The U.S. Geological Survey's Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) indicates that the official name of this landform is "Magazine Mountain", not "Mount Magazine". Generally "Mount [Name]" is used for peaks and "[Name] Mountain" is used for ridges, which better describes this landform. Mount Magazine appears in the GNIS as a ridge with Signal Hill as its summit.[4][5] "Mount Magazine" is the name used by the Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism, which follows what the locals have used since the area was first settled.
Mount Magazine is often called "the highest point between the Alleghenies and the Rockies", but there are many parts of Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota, and North Dakota with higher elevations.[6]
Location
[edit]Mount Magazine is located due north of Blue Mountain Lake in Logan County, Arkansas, approximately 45 mi (72 km) east of the Arkansas-Oklahoma border. The most scenic route to the top is a 10 mi (16 km) drive along Highway 309 (also known as the Mount Magazine Scenic Byway) from Havana.
Many consider Mount Magazine to be part of the Ouachita Mountains, though it is really part of the Arkansas River Valley.[7] It lies within a southern extension of the Ozark National Forest despite being much closer to the Ouachita National Forest.
Climate
[edit]The climate is very different from the typical climate of the Arkansas state as temperatures remain 10 degrees cooler than normal temperatures in the valleys. The year-round temperature remains at least 56 degrees, Fahrenheit. The park gets 54 inches of rainfall every year, and due to the low clouds, there is fog and limited visibility all year for eight days each month. [8]
Summer (Hottest)
[edit]The summer temperature never reaches 100 degrees Fahrenheit on the mountaintop and the hottest average temperature during the summer in the park is 90 degrees Fahrenheit. [8]
Winter (Coldest)
[edit]The mountain has limited forest due to the harsh weather during the wintertime. Normal conditions like frost, sleet, hail, snow, and freezing rain can cause the limbs on trees to snap. Higher up on the mountain, frost flowers, ice crystals, hoarfrost, rime ice, and freezing fog can occur. [8]
| Climate data for Mount Magazine, Arkansas (1948–1966) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 76 (24) |
71 (22) |
80 (27) |
89 (32) |
94 (34) |
100 (38) |
104 (40) |
105 (41) |
98 (37) |
92 (33) |
78 (26) |
76 (24) |
105 (41) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 44.8 (7.1) |
48.6 (9.2) |
54.1 (12.3) |
66.6 (19.2) |
74.1 (23.4) |
82.3 (27.9) |
85.3 (29.6) |
84.9 (29.4) |
78.9 (26.1) |
68.8 (20.4) |
55.2 (12.9) |
47.5 (8.6) |
65.9 (18.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 27.3 (−2.6) |
30.1 (−1.1) |
34.7 (1.5) |
46.7 (8.2) |
56.7 (13.7) |
63.9 (17.7) |
66.9 (19.4) |
66.4 (19.1) |
59.8 (15.4) |
50.5 (10.3) |
37.5 (3.1) |
30.8 (−0.7) |
47.6 (8.7) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −9 (−23) |
−7 (−22) |
2 (−17) |
21 (−6) |
28 (−2) |
43 (6) |
53 (12) |
51 (11) |
39 (4) |
21 (−6) |
0 (−18) |
−5 (−21) |
−9 (−23) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.94 (100) |
4.06 (103) |
5.38 (137) |
5.74 (146) |
6.24 (158) |
4.53 (115) |
6.25 (159) |
4.41 (112) |
3.85 (98) |
3.49 (89) |
3.47 (88) |
2.56 (65) |
53.92 (1,370) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 2.2 (5.6) |
2.5 (6.4) |
0.7 (1.8) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.7 (1.8) |
0.7 (1.8) |
6.8 (17.4) |
| Source: WRCC[9] | |||||||||||||
Geology
[edit]
As the South American plate collided with the North American plate during the late Paleozoic, a major foreland basin, the Arkoma Basin, developed north of the Ouachita Mountains.[10] Small grains of sediment that had filled the Arkoma Basin were compacted and cemented into sedimentary rock.[10] As the land rose above sea level, small streams developed that eventually merged into the Arkansas River.[11] After millions of years of erosion, synclines like Mount Magazine have become the most positive topographic features; this phenomenon is the result of the rapid weathering of shales once sandstones were breached on the flanks of surrounding anticlines.[12]
Mount Magazine is a broad mesa composed of Pennsylvanian sedimentary rocks deposited in various shallow-water environments.[13] Like many mountains in the western Arkansas River Valley, Mount Magazine is capped by the Savanna Formation, a sequence of shale, siltstone, and sandstone; the upper portion of this sequence is missing throughout most of Arkansas.[13] The Savanna Formation is conformable with the underlying McAlester Formation, a sequence of shale, siltstone, sandstone, and a number of coal beds.[13] The McAlester Formation is conformable with the underlying Hartshorne Sandstone, a prominent ledge-former under favorable structural conditions.[13] The Hartshorne Sandstone is unconformable with the underlying Atoka Formation. This unit has the largest areal extent of any of the Paleozoic formations in Arkansas, extending as far north as the Boston Mountains, and is divided into upper, middle, and lower members.[13][7]
Nature & Attractions
[edit]Mount Magazine promotes environment conservation through an Eco-friendly nature attraction which allows visitors to explore nature. [14] It also consists of 18 campsites for nature-lovers.[15] An annual butterfly festival is hosted each June in the Paris town square. [16]
Animals
[edit]The park is home to many endangered species including the Shagreen Snail, Black Bear, White-Tailed Deer, Rufous-Crowned Sparrows (rare), and 94 of the 134 butterfly species of Arkansas. The most rare butterfly species is the Diana Fritillary. [16]
Activities
[edit]Activities include the following: hiking, biking, bird watching, horseback riding, hang gliding, rappelling, rock climbing, sightseeing, and photography. [14] ATV riding is also allowed as there is a guide to the activity. [15]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "MAG". NGS Data Sheet. National Geodetic Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce. Retrieved 2008-12-16.
- ^ "Magazine Mountain, Arkansas". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2012-10-17.
- ^ "Mount Magazine State Park". Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism. Retrieved 2013-01-02.
- ^ "Magazine Mountain". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2013-01-02.
- ^ "Signal Hill". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2013-01-02.
- ^ "Arkansas's Highpoint Information" (PDF). Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism. Retrieved 2013-01-02.
- ^ a b "Geologic Map of Arkansas" (PDF). Arkansas Geological Survey. Retrieved 2017-10-22.
- ^ a b c "Mount Magazine Weather | Arkansas State Parks". www.arkansasstateparks.com. Retrieved 2020-03-19.
- ^ "Western Regional Climate Center". Retrieved 2016-08-12.
- ^ a b Morris, R.C. (1974). "Sedimentary and Tectonic History of the Ouachita Mountains". The Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publications. 22.
- ^ "The Geologic History of Mount Magazine" (pdf). Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism. Retrieved 2017-10-24.
- ^ "Stratigraphic Summary of the Arkansas River Valley and Ouachita Mountains" (website). Arkansas Geological Survey. Retrieved 2017-10-26.
- ^ a b c d e "Geologic Map of Mount Magazine State Park and Vicinity" (PDF). Arkansas Geological Survey. Retrieved 2017-10-22.
- ^ a b "Mount Magazine Birding & Wildlife | Arkansas State Parks". www.arkansasstateparks.com. Retrieved 2020-03-10.
- ^ a b "Mt Magazine State Park of Arkansas | Explore the Ozarks". www.exploretheozarksonline.com. Retrieved 2020-03-10.
- ^ a b "Encyclopedia of Arkansas". Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Retrieved 2020-03-17.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Mount Magazine at Wikimedia Commons
Mountains of Arkansas | |
|---|---|
| Ouachita Mountains | |
| Ozarks | |
| Others | |
Category:Highest points of U.S. states
Category:Protected areas of Logan County, Arkansas
Category:Mountains of Arkansas
Category:Ozark–St. Francis National Forest
Category:Landforms of Logan County, Arkansas