User:FPMdoc/Complications of pregnancy
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[edit]Common complications of pregnancy include anemia, gestational diabetes, infections, gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia.[1] Presence of these types of complications can have implications on monitoring lab work, imaging, and medical management during pregnancy.[1]
Severe complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium are present in 1.6% of mothers in the US,[2] and in 1.5% of mothers in Canada.[3] In the immediate postpartum period (puerperium), 87% to 94% of women report at least one health problem.[4][5] Long-term health problems (persisting after six months postpartum) are reported by 31% of women.[6]
In 2016, complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium resulted globally in 230,600 deaths, down from 377,000 deaths in 1990. The most common causes of maternal mortality are maternal bleeding, postpartum infections including sepsis, hypertensive diseases of pregnancy, obstructed labor, and unsafe abortion.[7][8]
Complications of pregnancy can sometimes arise from abnormally severe presentations of symptoms and discomforts of pregnancy, which usually do not significantly interfere with activities of daily living or pose any significant threat to the health of the birthing person or fetus. For example, morning sickness is a fairly common mild symptom of pregnancy that generally resolves in the second trimester, but hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe form of this symptom that sometimes requires medical intervention to prevent electrolyte imbalances from severe vomiting.
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[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Obstetrics and gynecology. Charles R. B. Beckmann, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (6th ed. ed.). Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2010. ISBN 978-0-7817-8807-6. OCLC 298509160.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help)CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ "Severe Maternal Morbidity in the United States". CDC. Archived from the original on 2015-06-29. Retrieved 2015-07-08.
- ^ "Severe Maternal Morbidity in Canda" (PDF). The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2015-07-08.
- ^ Glazener CM, Abdalla M, Stroud P, Naji S, Templeton A, Russell IT (April 1995). "Postnatal maternal morbidity: extent, causes, prevention and treatment". British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 102 (4): 282–87. doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1995.tb09132.x. PMID 7612509. S2CID 38872754.
- ^ Thompson JF, Roberts CL, Currie M, Ellwood DA (June 2002). "Prevalence and persistence of health problems after childbirth: associations with parity and method of birth". Birth (Berkeley, Calif.). 29 (2): 83–94. doi:10.1046/j.1523-536X.2002.00167.x. PMID 12051189.
- ^ Borders N (2006). "After the afterbirth: a critical review of postpartum health relative to method of delivery". Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health. 51 (4): 242–48. doi:10.1016/j.jmwh.2005.10.014. PMID 16814217.
- ^ Naghavi M, Abajobir AA, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abd-Allah F, Abera SF, et al. (GBD 2016 Causes of Death Collaborators) (September 2017). "Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016". Lancet. 390 (10100): 1151–1210. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32152-9. PMC 5605883. PMID 28919116.
- ^ Say, Lale; Chou, Doris; Gemmill, Alison; Tunçalp, Özge; Moller, Ann-Beth; Daniels, Jane; Gülmezoglu, A Metin; Temmerman, Marleen; Alkema, Leontine (2014-06). "Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis". The Lancet Global Health. 2 (6): e323–e333. doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(14)70227-x. ISSN 2214-109X.
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