User:Ellen243/testing

{|{{Infobox Fishery Begin}}
{{Infobox Fishery Image
|Fishery image = [[File:United States (orthographic projection).svg|240px]]
|Fishery caption = The USA, including Alaska, has a coastline of  19,900 km.
}}
{{Infobox Fishery Characteristics
|Hide header       = 
|Header caption    = 
|Fishery coastline =  
|Fishery EEZ area  = 11,351,000 sq km (4,383,000 sq mi)
|Fishery continental shelf = 
|Fishery lake area  = 664,707 sq km<ref name="CIA Factbook">[[CIA]]:  [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html Factbook:USA]</ref>
|Fishery river area = 
|Fishery land area  = 9,161,923 sq km<ref name="CIA Factbook"/>
|Fishery MPA area   = 390,000 sq km (150,000 sq mi)<ref name="Sanctuaries">[[NOAA]]: [http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/about/faqs/welcome.html Frequently Asked Questions] National Marine Sanctuaries</ref>
|Fishery employment = Primary: 36,000 (2002)<ref>Harvey DJ (2004) [http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/reports/erssor/livestock/ldp-aqs/2004/aqs20.pdf ''Aquaculture Outlook''] Electronic Outlook Report from the Economic Research Service.</ref><br />Secondary: 67,472 (2002)<ref>[http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/trade/DOCAQpolicy.htm  U S Department Of Commerce Aquaculture Policy]</ref>
|Fishery fishing fleet = 19,350 vessels aggregating 1.1 million [[gt]].<ref name="FAO Profile">[[FAO]] [ftp://ftp.fao.org/FI/DOCUMENT/fcp/en/FI_CP_US.pdf Profile for the USA]</ref>
|Fishery landing sites = Most volume: [[Dutch Harbor]]<br />Most value: [[New Bedford]]
|Fishery consumption = 31.0 kg fish per capita (2003)<ref name="FAO Profile"/>
|Fishery fisheries GDP = US$ 31.5 billion (2003)<ref name="FAO Profile"/>
|Fishery export value  = US$ 12.0 billion (2003)<ref name="FAO Profile"/>
|Fishery import value  = US$ 21.3 billion (2003)<ref name="FAO Profile"/>
}}
{{Infobox Fishery Harvest
|Hide header       = 
|Header caption    =  (2004 unless otherwise stated)
|Fishery wild marine          = 
|Fishery wild inland marine   = 
|Fishery wild distance marine = 
|Fishery wild inland          = 
|Fishery wild total           = 
|Fishery aquaculture inland   = 
|Fishery aquaculture marine   = 
|Fishery aquaculture total    = 
|Fishery fish total           = 
|Fishery wild aquatic plants  = 
|Fishery aquaculture aquatic plants = 
|Fishery aquatic plants total = 
|Fishery overall total = 
}}
|}

Aquaculture in Alaska is dominated by the production shellfish and aquatic plants including Pacific oysters, blue mussels, littleneck clams, scallops, and bull kelp. Finfish farming has been prohibited in Alaska by the 16.40.210 Alaskan statue, however non-profit ocean ranching continues to provide a steady supply of aquaculture in the state. .

Overview

Alaskan aquaculture is an important resource not just for the state of Alaska but for entire country. Alaska is full of a variety of aquatic fish, shellfish, plants, and other species that all play an important role in the aquaculture process. Commercial salmon and herring fisheries dominate Alaskan harvesting and production and harvesting sights are located on the coast line throughout the state, producing an average of 750 million pounds each year. Commercial shellfish fisheries also greatly contribute to annual statistics and at its high point 400 million pounds of shellfish have been produced in one year.

Cultured Species

Salmon

The ocean ranching of returning salmon to Alaskan waters provide one of the most important industries in Alaska. Beginning in the 1880s, commercial salmon fishing has become a dominate area of Alaskan aquaculture. Over the course of four years the average salmon harvest by commercial fishermen was approximately 157 million fish or 742 million pounds and averaged an annual value of over $230 million. Many habitants of Alaska greatly rely on the salmon harvest each year for income and cultural purposes. Major salmon fisheries in Alaska are located in the Yukon, Bristol Bay, Southeast/Yakutat, Cook Inlet, Chignik/Kodiak, Copper River, and Prince William Sound areas. .

Herring

Beginning in the 1880s, commercial herring ocean ranching has continued to support commercial fisheries and feed the Alaskan people. Herring are harvested in late Summer to Fall in Southern Alaska and Norton Sound areas after the spawning process has taken place. Spawning begins in the early Spring in Southern Alaska and ends in the middle of the Summer months in the Northern Bering Sea. Major commercial herring fisheries are located in the Norton Sound, Cape Romanzof, Kuskokwi, Bristol Bay, Alaskan Penninsula, Kodiak, Prince William Sound, and Southeast Alaska areas. Herring eggs can also be harvested after they are deposited by the herring on shoreline vegetation, which includes wild and Pound kelp.

Crabs

Crabs are a dominate and famous source of aquaculture found in Alaska, particularly the king crab, which includes the varieties of blue, scarlet, golden, and red. Red king crabs dominate over the other species in commercial harvesting and are most commonly found in the Bristol Bay area and less commonly but still found in the Southeast, Norton Sound, and Adak areas. Other important crabs harvested in Alaskan areas include the Tanner crab, snow crab, and Dungeness crab.

Shrimp

In the 1980s shrimp production was a key and important role in Alaskan shellfish harvests but an increase in Pacific cod caused shrimp production to decrease. Small trawl shrimp fisheries are still located in Southeast Alaska, Kodiak, Bering Sea, and Aleutian Island areas.

Other Species

Clams- Alaska has clam fisheries in Southeast Alaska and fisheries in the Cook Inlet specifically for razor clams.

Scallops- Scallops are dredged off the Eastern Gulf of Alaska and continue to be the overall largest commercial species in the world.

Sea Cucumbers- Sea cucumbers are harvested in Southeast Alaska during the winter months in dive fisheries.

Octopus- Octopi and squid harvesting occur in the Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska for commercial purposes.

See Also

Alaska salmon fishery

Cook Inlet Aquaculture Association