User:Electionworld/sandbox/Lithuania

Multiple timeline of Lithuania

This scheme is a multiple timeline of the history of Lithuania, part of the series of Series of multiple timelines of European countries and territories.

Introduction - Other timelines - Index of timelines

The Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika) is a republic with a parliament, the Assembly elected in free multi-party elections, a president elected by the parliament and a government responsible to the parliament. Lithuania is member of the European Union.

2.000 BC: The Balts arrive in present-day Lithuania. First centuries AD: Lithuania is populated by Baltic tribes like the Lithianians, the Old Prussians and Yotvingians. 900s: The Lithuanian tribe is thought to have developed more recognizably. 1009: The name of Lithuania is mentioned for the first time in the Annals of Quedlinburg. Duchy of Lithuania 12th century: The Duchy of Lithuania is established in present-day Lithuania, populated by Baltic tribes. Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1236: Mindaugas is the first known grand duke of Lithuania, bringing the house of Mindaugas to the throne. 1238: The Teutonic Order and the Livonian Order start a crusade against the paganic Lithuanians. 1242: Lithuania annexes Minsk. State of the Teutonic Order 1252: The Teutonic Order founds a castle at Memel, inhabited by Baltic tribes. Kingdom of Lithuania 1251: Mindaugas is crowned king of Lithuania. 1258/1259: A Mongol army incurses against Lithuania. Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1263: After he murdered Mindaugas, Treniota, his nephew, becomes grand duke. 1264: Treniota is overthrown by Vaišvilkas, son of Mindaugas. 1267: The Galician leader Švarno Dakylovyč becomes grand duke. c. 1270: He is overthrown by Traidenis from the house of Mindaugas. 1275: The Golden Horde raids Lithuania. 1285: Butigeidis of the house of Gediminas becomes grand duke. 1307: Lithuania annexes Polotsk and Turov. 1315: Lithuania annexes Grodno. 1320: Lithuania annexes Vitebsk. 1323: After prince Oleg of Pereyaslav has been defeated by grand duke Gediminas, Pereyaslavl is annexed. 1336: Lithuania annexes Turov and Pinsk (1336). 1340: After the poisoning of prince Boleslaw-Yuri II of Galicia, both Lithuania and Kingdom of Poland advances claims over the principality, which leads to an armed conflict. 1349: Lithuania annexes part of Volhynia. 1360: Lithuania annexes Kursk. 1362: Kiev and Toropets are annexed. 1368-1372: Grand duke Algirdas intervenes in the war between Tver and Moscow. In the Treaty of Lyubutsk Algirdas agrees with prince Dmitrij Donskoj to stop the war. 1381–1384: The Lithuanian Civil War between the cousins Jogaila and Vytautas ends with a reconciliation. Jogaila remains grand duke. 1385: With the Union of Krewo Jogaila becomes as Władysław II Jagiełło king of Poland and a dynastic union between Poland and Lithuania is established. His brother Skirgaila becomes regent of Lithuania on his behalf. 1386: Grand duke Jogaila is baptized Władysław II Jagiełło and becomes by marriage with Jadwiga Andegaweńska also king of Poland, creating the Jagiellonian dynasty. 1389–1392: Skirgaila proves unpopular and Vytautas attempts to depose him, which leads to another Lithuanian Civil War with Jogaila. 1392: The war ends with Jogaila appointing Vytautas as regent-grand duke of Lithuania. Lithuania is governed by regent-grand dukes until 1447. 1400/1425: Lithuania annexes Mezetsk. 1401: The Pact of Vilnius and Radom reaffirms the Union of Krewo and grants autonomy to Lithuania. Lithuania annexes Chernigov and Novgorod-Seversk. 1404: Lithuania annexes Smolensk. 1406: Lithuania annexes Starudob. 1407: Lithuania annexes Vorotynsk and Belyov. 1408: Chernigov and Novgorod-Seversk fall to Moscow. 1409: The Teutonic Order attacks Poland and Lithuania. 1410: The Teutonic and Livonian orders are defeated at Grunwald by Lithuania and allies. 1411: The Peace of Thorn ends the war. 1413: With the Union of Horodło Lithuania gets more autonomy and the right to have an own grand duke. 1414: The short Hunger War between Poland and Lithuania against the Teutonic Order ends in a stalemate. 1420: Chernigov and Novgorod-Seversk fall to Lithuania. 1422: The Treaty of Melno ends the Gollub War between Poland and Lithuania with the Tuetonic Order. 1425: Lithuania annexes Novosil. 1432: The Union of Grodno reinforces the union between Poland and Lithuania. 1443: Lithuania takes part in a crusade to defend the Byzantine Empire against the Ottoman Empire, defeated by the Ottomans at Varna. 1447: Regent-grand duke Kazimieras becomes as Kazimierz IV king of Poland. 1492: Poland and Lithuania have separate rulers, the brothers Jan I Olbracht in Poland and Aleksandras in Lithuania. 1493: Grand prince Ivan III of Russia commences a war with grand duke Aleksandras Jogailaitis of Lithuania over the possession of the region at the Oka river. The next year Lithuania loses territory to Russia. 1500: Ivan III stages a new war with Aleksandras Jogailaitis, leading after a victory at Vedrosha and further fightings to further losses of territory to Russia in 1503. 1501: After the death of Jan I, Aleksandras becomes as Aleksander king of Poland, restoring the personal union. 1503: Chernigov and Novgorod-Seversk fall to Moscow. 1506: Poland and Lithuania are invaded by Tatars from the Crimean Khanate. 1507: Mykolas Glinskis leads a rebellion against the new grand duke Žygimantas. When grand prince Vasilij III of Moscow stages a war against Žygimantas, Glinskis joins the Russians. 1508: Both the Russians and the rebels are defeated. 1512: Vasily III commences a new war with Poland-Lithuania. 1514: Moscow conquers Smolensk. With the victory at Orsha Lithuania stops the further expansion of Moscow into its dominion. 1522: The war between Moscow and Lithuania ends with a truce. Duchy of Prussia 1525: The state is secularized and continued by Prussia. 1534-1537: After the death of Vasilij, Žygimantas commences a war to regain the lost territories. The war ends after little gains with a truce. 1558: Russia commences the Livonian War to conquer present-day Estonia and Latvia against Poland-Lithuania, Sweden and Denmark. 1561: With the Treaty of Vilna the Livonian Order is subordinated to Poland-Lithuania. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 1569: King and Grand duke Žygimantas III Augustas (Zygmunt II August) merges his dominions with the Union of Lublin into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The commonwealth becomes an elective monarchy. 1657: With the Treaty of Bromberg king Jonas Kazimieras Vaza accepts elector Friedrich Wilhelm of Brandenburg as full sovereign in Prussia. Brandenburg-Prussia joins Poland-Lithuania in the Second Northern War against Sweden. 1697: With the election of elector Friedrich August II of Saxony as ruler of Poland-Lithuania under the name August II/Augustas II a period of personal union between Poland-Lithuania and Saxony starts Kingdom of Prussia 1701: Prussia becomes part of the Kingdom of Prussia. 1704: After Sweden occupied large parts of Poland, the nobility deposes Augustas II and Stanislovas Leščinskis is put on the throne by king Karl XII of Sweden. 1709: Karl XII is defeated and August resumes the throne. 1764: Stanislovas Augustas Poniatovskis (Stanisław August Poniatowski) is elected ruler. 1772: The Russian victory over the Bar Confederation in Poland leads to the first partition of Poland. Russia annexes part of Lithuania. 1791: The Polish parliament adopts a consitution making Poland-Lithuania a constitutional monarchy. Russian Empire 1772: The Russian victory over the Bar Confederation in Poland leads to the first partition of Poland. Russia annexes part of Lithuania. 1792: In reaction to the new constitution an alliance of Polish nobles and Russia stage a war. The Russian victory leads to the second partition of Poland, in which Russia annexes large parts Lithuania. 1792: In reaction to the new constitution an alliance of Polish nobles and Russia stage a war. The Russian victory leads to the second partition of Poland, in which Russia annexes large parts Lithuania. 1795: In a reaction to an uprising Russia, Prussia and Austria decide to wipe out Poland-Lithuania and with the third partition they divide the country between themselves. Present-day Lithuania is mainly annexed to Russia. 1831: An uprising in Poland and Lithuania since 1830 is defeated at Warsaw. 1864: An uprising, started in 1863, of Polish and Lithuanian insurgents is crushed by Russia. Northern German Confederation 1867: Prussia joins Northern Germany. German Empire 1871: Prussia joins the German Empire. 1914: After Austria declares war on Serbia, Russia declares war on Austria-Hungary and Germany. World War I is a fact. Russian Republic 1917: After the revolutions commence in Russia, several entities are established on the territory of Russia. 1917: In reaction to a second revolution the Russian Civil War commences in which non-Bolshevik forces, separatist forces, as well as more left wing forces fight the new government. Kingdom of Lithuania 1918: Russia pulls out of the war with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. The same year Germany and the other Central Powers are defeated. The Kingdom of Lithuania is seceded from Russia as a German client state. Republic of Lithuania 1918: The same year Lithuania becomes a republic as governed by a provisional government. Newly independent Lithuania is invaded by Soviet-Russia. The Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic is established as a contra-government, that merges the same year into the Lithuanian–Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (Litbel), a Soviet puppet state. The Republic of Perloja is proclaimed. It exists until 1923, when it is divided between Poland and Lithuania. 1919: The Litbel is defeated by Poland and reincorporated into Lithuania. Lithuania defeats in the Lithuanian Wars of Independence the Soviet forces, followed by the West Russian Volunteer Army. Poland and Lithuania dispute the possession of Vilnius which leads to the Polish–Lithuanian War. A Polish attempt to overthrow the Lithuanian government fails. Memel Territory 1920: Memel is seceded from Germany as a League of Nations mandate. 1920: Lithuania elects a constituent assembly elected in free multi-party elections on a universal suffrage. An acting president is appointed. Poland defeats the Lithuanians. During the war the Polish general Lucjan Żeligowski conquers Vilnius and establishes Central Lithuania as a client state of Poland. 1921: Lithuania joins the League of Nations. 1922: Lithuania gets a parliament elected in free multi-party election. The parliament elects the president. The government is responsible to the parliament. Republic of Central Lithuania 1920: During the war the Polish general Lucjan Żeligowski conquers Vilnius and establishes Central Lithuania as a client state of Poland. 1923: As a consequence of a revolt, Memel is annexed to Lithuania. Perloja is divided between Lithuania and Poland. 1924: Memel has a governor appointed by the president of Lithuania, an elected parliament and a government appointed by the president of Lithuania. The government is responsible to the Memel parliament. 1926: A coup d'état brings Antanas Smetona to power. 1927: An democratic uprising fails. 1934: A coup d'état by the fascist Iron Wolf fails. Republic of Poland 1923: After the parliamentary elections of 1922, the parliament decides to submit to Poland. On request of the parliament, Central Lithuania is incorporated into Poland. German Empire 1939: Memel is annexed to Nazi Germany. 1939: Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. Lithuania is forced to accept Soviet bases in their countries. Central-Lithuania is occupied by the Soviet Union, which cedes it to Lithuania. Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic 1940: The Soviet Union invades and annexes Lithuania. It is continued as the Lithuanian SSR, a Soviet puppet state. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 1940: Lithuania becomes a constituent state of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR, Soviet Union). German Empire 1941: Nazi Germany and its allies invade the Soviet Union and conquer part of the union, including Lithuania. It annexes Lithuania to the Reich Commissariat of Eastland. 1943: German forces are defeated at Stalingrad, marking the beginning of the Nazi-German collapse in the Soviet Union. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 1944: The Soviet Union conquers Lithuania and the Lithuanian SSR is restored. A rebellion starts, which lasts until the 1950s. Republic of Lithuania 1990: Lithuania secedes from the Soviet Union. In reaction the Soviet Union attacks Lithuanian border posts. 1991: After a referendum Lithuania becomes independent. Lithuania gets a president and a parliament elected in free multi-party elections on a universal suffrage. The parliament elects the president. The government is responsible to the parliament. Lithuania joins the United Nations. 2004: Lithuania joins the European Union.