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The diet-induced obesity model (DIO model) is an animal model manifesting obesity induced by its diet. In these models, animals (typically mice, rats, dogs or non-human primates) are fed high fat and/or sugar diets. As a result, they become obese. These animals can then be used to study obesity, obesity’s comorbidities, and other related diseases. Users of such models must take into account the duration and type of diet (e.g. hydrated gels vs. dry pellets) as well as the environmental conditions and age of the animals, as each may promote different bodyweights, fat percentages, or behaviors. While many insights into the control of obesity have come from experiments since its introduction in 1949, the use of animal models does restrict our ability to extrapolate findings to humans.