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User:Donald Trung/Kinh lược sứ (经略使)

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This page serves as "the editing history" of the English Wikipedia article "Viceroy of Tonkin" and is preserved for attribution.

Viceroy of Tonkin
Vice-roi du Tonkin (French)[a]
Kinh lược sứ Bắc kỳ (Vietnamese)[b]
經略使北圻 (Hán tự)
Great Seal of the Viceroy of Tonkin:[1]
Khâm sai đại thần quan phòng
欽差大臣關防
Last Viceroy:
Hoàng Cao Khải
(1890–1897)
StyleHis Excellence
Reports toEmperor of the Nguyễn dynasty,
Resident-Superior of Tonkin
SeatHanoi, Tonkin
NominatorEmperor of the Nguyễn dynasty
AppointerResident-Superior of Tonkin
First holderNguyễn Hữu Độ
Final holderHoàng Cao Khải

The Viceroy of Tonkin (French: Vice-roi du Tonkin; Vietnamese: Kinh lược sứ Bắc kỳ; Hán-Nôm: 經略使北圻), officially the Haut Commissaire Délégué par l'Empereur pour l'Administration du Tonkin (High Commissioner Delegated by the Emperor for the Administration of Tonkin), was an office within the Nguyễn dynasty apparatus established as the highest office for the indigenous administration of the French protectorate of Tonkin.

Title

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Viceroy (副王, Phó vương)

History

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An award certificate issued by the Viceroy of Tonkin, Hoàng Cao Khải, dated Thành Thái 6 (1894).

List of viceroys of Tonkin

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Number Portrait Name Hán tự Term of office
1
 Nguyễn Hữu Độ 阮有度 –1885
2
 Nguyễn Trọng Hợp 阮仲合 1885–1888
3
 Trần Lưu Huệ 陳劉慧 1888–1890
4
 Hoàng Cao Khải 黃高啟 1890–1897

Seals

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Further information: Seals of the Nguyễn dynasty

Notes

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  1. ^ At times called "Kinhluoc", "Kinh-luoc", and "Kinh-lux" in contemporary French accounts.
  2. ^ Often simply Kinh lược sứ (經略使) or Kinh lược Bắc kỳ (經略北圻).

References

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  1. ^ ThS. Hà Văn Huề, ThS. Nguyễn Thị Thu Hường, ThS. Đoàn Thị Thu Thuỷ, PGS.TS Nguyễn Công Việt - Ấn chương trên Châu bản triều Nguyễn. - Năm xuất bản : 2013 Nhà xuất bản : (NXB Hà Nội Cuốn sách). Page 112. (in Vietnamese).
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Viceroys of Tonkin.

Sources to use

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Gallica

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Specific sources

Other sources

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Kinh lược sứ Nam kỳ

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Provisionally cut

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Phông Nha Kinh lược Bắc kỳ (衙经略北圻)

Cao Xuân Dục diss rhyme

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When Trương Như Cương (張如岡), a notorious pro-French collaborator, coerced his colleagues to sign a petition to the Thành Thái Emperor to promote him to the position of viceroy (副王, Phó vương), Cao Xuân Dục refused to sign - instead he wrote a quick poem on the petition.

Classical Chinese Chữ Quốc ngữ English
天無二日
國無兩王
臣高春育
不可旡		 Thiên Vô Nhị Nhật
Quốc Vô Lưỡng Vương
Thần Cao Xuân Dục
Bất Khả Ký		 The sky cannot have two suns.
A nation cannot have two kings.
Your servant Cao Xuân Dục,
cannot sign.

Because of that, he was demoted to be the prefect and district magistrate of Quốc Oai district, Hoàng Xá prefecture outside of Hanoi.

Redirects

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