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Characteristics

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Name

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9/11 Truth movement is the collective name of loosely affiliated[1][2] organizations and individuals that question whether the United States government, agencies of the United States or individuals within such agencies were either purposefully negligent toward or complicit in the September 11 attacks.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]

Members of the movement are often referred to as “Truthers”.[2] The name 9/11 Truth movement is also being used by adherents of the movement.[11][12] Adherents also call themselves “9/11 Truthers,”[13] “9/11 skeptics”[14] or “truth activists”[15], while rejecting the term “conspiracy theorists”.[2][15]

Adherents

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Adherents of the 9/11 Truth movement come from diverse social backgrounds.[16][15][12] Many adherents are politically liberal, while the movement also includes people on the right, especially anti-government libertarians.[3][15][9]

Prominent adherents of the movement include theologian David Ray Griffin, physicist Steven E. Jones, philosopher James Fetzer, economist Daniel Orr, film producer Dylan Avery and journalist Thierry Meyssan.[4][1][14]

According to Lev Grossman of TIME magazine, support for the 9/11 Truth movement is not a “fringe phenomenon”, but “a mainstream political reality”.[11] Mark Fenster, a University of Florida law professor and author of the book Conspiracy Theories: Secrecy and Power in American Culture, says that the “the amount of organisation” of the movement is significantly stronger than the organization of the movement related to doubts about the official account of the assassination of John F. Kennedy.[3]

Communication

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The internet plays a large role both in the communication between adherents and local groups of the 9/11 Truth movement and in the dissemination of the views of the movement to the public at large.[3][11][6][17][18]

Views

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Adherents of the 9/11 Truth movement believe that the United States government was complicit in the terrorist attacks[16] and generally hold the view that the CIA, FBI and National Security Agency played a part in the September 11 attacks, or at the very least knew the attack was coming and let it occur anyway.[14]

Those within the movement who argue that the United States government was directly responsible for the September 11 attacks often believe that the attacks were planned and executed by federal officials in order to provide the U.S. with a pretext for going to war in the Middle East and, by extension, as a means of consolidating and extending the power of the Bush Administration.[11][12] This would have given the Bush administration the justification to clampdown on civil liberties and invade Afghanistan and Iraq to ensure future supplies of oil.[14] Often, hawks in the White House, especially former Vice President Dick Cheney, and members of the Project for the New American Century, a conservative think tank, are being accused of being the masterminds of the alleged plot.[18][19][20]

Many adherents allege that the buildings of the World Trade Center have been destroyed by controlled demolition, a theory of major importance for the 9/11 Truth movement.[21][16][9]

References

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  1. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Manjoo was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b c Bunch, Sonny (Sep. 24, 2007). "The Truthers Are Out There". The Weekly Standard. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference Barber was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Powell was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Barry was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Hunt was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Kay was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Kennedy, Gene (Sep. 8, 2006). "BYU Professor on Paid Leave for 9-11 Theory". KSL TV. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  9. ^ a b c Molé, Phil (2006). "9/11 Conspiracy Theories: The 9/11 Truth Movement Perspective". Skeptic. 12 (4). Retrieved June 2, 2009.
  10. ^ Sales, Nancy Jo (Aug. 2006). "Click Here for Conspiracy". Vanity Fair. Retrieved June 2, 2009. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  11. ^ a b c d Grossman, Lev (Sep. 3, 2006). "Why the 9/11 Conspiracy Theories Won't Go Away". Time. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  12. ^ a b c Harvey, Adam (Sep. 3, 2006). "9/11 myths busted". Courier Mail. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  13. ^ Gravois, John (June 23, 2006). "Professors of Paranoia?". The Chronicle of Higher Education.
  14. ^ a b c d "Conspiracy theories: The Speculation". CBC. Oct. 29, 2003. Retrieved June 2, 2009. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  15. ^ a b c d Curiel, Jonathan (Sep. 3, 2006). "The Conspiracy to Rewrite 9/11". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved June 2, 2009. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  16. ^ a b c Feuer, Alan (June 5, 2006). "500 Conspiracy Buffs Meet to Seek the Truth of 9/11". New York Times.
  17. ^ Rudin, Mike (July 4, 2008). "The evolution of a conspiracy theory". BBC. Retrieved May 23, 2009.
  18. ^ a b Jacobson, Mark (March 20, 2006). "The Ground Zero Grassy Knoll". New York Magazine. Retrieved June 2, 2009.
  19. ^ Cite error: The named reference Sullivan was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  20. ^ Manjoo, Farhad (Aug. 7, 2008). "The Anthrax Truth Movement". Slate. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  21. ^ Tobin, Hugh (May 21, 2008). "Conspiracy theory lunacy". Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
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