Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/DNB Epitome 42

This listing page belongs to Wikipedia:WikiProject Dictionary of National Biography, spun out of the “missing article” project, and is concerned with checking whether Wikipedia has articles for all those listed in the Dictionary of National Biography (DNB), a 63-volume British biographical dictionary published 1885-1900 and now in the public domain. This page relates to volume 42 running from name O'Duinn to name Owen.

Scope of the subproject:

It is envisaged that the following work will be done:

Checks made that links on this page point to a wikipedia article about the same person;
Addition of new articles for all red-links based on DNB text;
Checking whether blue-linked articles would benefit from additional text from DNB.

Listings are posted as bulleted lists, with footnotes taken from the DNB summaries published in 1904. The listings and notes are taken from scanned text that is often corrupt and in need of correction. Not all the entries on the list correspond to actual DNB articles; some are “redirects” and there are a few articles devoted to families rather than individuals.

If you are engaged in this work you will probably find quite a number of unreferenced articles among the blue links. You are also encouraged to mention the DNB as a reference on such articles whenever they correspond to the summary, as part of the broader campaign for good sourcing. A suggested template is {{DNB}}.

Locating the full text:

DNB text is now available on Wikisource for all first edition articles, on the page s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Vol 42 O'Duinn - Owen. Names here are not inverted, as they are in the original: Joe Bloggs would be found at Wikisource s:Bloggs, Joe (DNB00). The text for the first supplement is available too: NB that this Epitome listing includes those supplement articles also.

List maintenance and protocols:

List maintenance tasks are to check and manipulate links in the list with piping or descriptive parenthetical disambiguators, and to mark list entries with templates to denote their status; whilst as far as possible retaining the original DNB names:

piping: [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester|Charles Abbot]]
descriptive parenthetical disambiguators [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)]]
both combined [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)|Charles Abbot]]

The work involves:

Checking that bluelinks link to the correct person; if so, {{tick}} them. If not, try to find the correct article and pipe or disambiguate the link.
Check whether redlinks can be linked to an article by piping or disambiguation.
Create articles based on the DNB text for redlinks for which no wikipedia article can be found
Check whether existing blue-linked articles could benefit from an input of DNB text (e.g. the article is a stub), and if so, update the article from DNB

A number of templates are provided to mark-up entries:

{{mnl}} the link runs to a wrong person; - produces the text: ^{[link currently leads to a wrong person]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{dn}} the link runs to a dab page - produces the text ^{[disambiguation needed]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{tick}} the link has been checked and runs to the correct person - Y
{{tick}} {{tick}} the text of the linked article has been checked against DNB text and would not benefit from additional DNB text - Y Y
{{tick}} {{cross}} the text of the linked article looks short enough to suggest it would benefit from additional DNB text - Y N

Note that before creating new articles based on DNB text you should undertake searches to check that the article's subject does not already have an article. It is easily possible that the disambiguation used in this page is not the disambiguation used in an existing wikipedia article. Equally, feel free to improve upon the disambiguation used in redlinks on this page by amending them.

Supplement articles:

Because of the provenance of the listing, a number of the original articles will not in fact be in the announced volume, but in one of the three supplement volumes published in 1901. Since the DNB did not include articles about living people, this will be the case whenever the date of death is after the publication date of the attributed volume. In due course there will be a separate listing.

General thoughts:

This project is intended as a new generation in “merging encyclopedias”, as well as being one of the most ambitious attempted. For general ideas of where we are, and some justification of the approach being taken, see the essay Wikipedia:Merging encyclopedias.

Helpful access templates:

helpful templates

There are two templates to help link to the correct page: {{Cite DNBIE}} and {{DNBIE}}. The page number automatically link to the correct url for the page at the Internet Archive site.

{{Cite DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

and

{{DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

if a wstitle= parameter is used in place of title= then the templates also link the DNB article on Wikisource:

{{cite DNBIE|wstitle=Dove, John (d.1665?)|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John (d.1665?)". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

Notes

^ Gillananaemh O'Duinn (1102-1160), Irish historian; chief poet of the king of Leinster; five of his historical poems extant.
^ Feardorcha O'Farrelly (fl.–1736), Irish poet; his works chiefly in manuscript books in farmhouses of Meath and Cavau.
^ Richard More O'Ferrall (1797-1880), governor of Malta; M.P., co. Kildare, 1830-46 and 1859-65, co. Longford, 1860-1: a lord of the treasury, 1835; secretary to the admiralty, 1839, to the treasury, 1841; privy councillor, 1847; governor of Malta, 1847-51.
^ Offa (fl. 709), king of the East-Saxons ; died while on pilgrimage at Rome.
^ Offa (d. 796), king of the Mercians from 757 : subjugated the Hestingt, 771; defeated Kentishmen at Otford, 776; subjected the East-Saxons and gained London; defeated West-Saxons at Bensington, 779, and took territory beyond Severn from Welsh: made Offa's Dyke from mouth of Wye to mouth of Dee; allied himself with the West-Saxon house, 789; described as King of the English by Pope Hadrian I, who sanctioned formation of archbishopric of Lichfield, 788; made first yearly payments to Rome: traded and corresponded with Charlemagne; a liberal benefactor of some monasteries; made alliance with Northumbria in later years; caused Ethelbert (d. 794) , king of East Anglia, to be beheaded, 794; again at war with Welsh and men of Kent. His laws are not extant, but were used by Alfred.
^ Baroness Offaley (1588?–1658). See Lettice Digby.
^ Lords of Offaly, or Barons of. See FITZGERALD, Gerald rf. 1204; FITZGERALD, MAURICK, 1194?-1257; John Fitzthomas , first EARL OF KILDAKK, d. 1316; Thomas Fitzgerald, tenth EARL OF KILDARE, 1513-1537.
^ Sir Thomas Offley (1505?–1582), lord mayor of London: educated under William Lily at St. Paul's School, London; master of Merchant Taylors Company, London, 1547; alderman, 1549; sheriff, 1553: lord mayor of London, 1556; knighted, 1667; originated night bellmen; made many charitable bequests.
^ George Offor (1787–1864), editor and biographer of Bunyan, and collector of early English bibles, psalters, and testaments; most of his library burnt at Sotheby's, 1865.
^ Andrew Offord (d. 1358), clerk or master in chancery; brother of John de Offord; employed in negotiations with the pope, France, Castile, Flanders, and Bavaria: one of the council of regency, 1345: prebendary of Salisbury and York; provost of Wells, 1350; had charge of great seal, 1353.
^ John de Offord or Ufford (d. 1349), chancellor of England and archbishop-elect of Canterbury: educated probably at Cambridge; dean of arches; archdeacon of Ely, 1335; keeper of the privy seal, 1342; dean of Lincoln, 1344; chancellor of England, 1345-9; much employed in negotiations with European courts; archbishop-elect of Canterbury, 1348.
^ Domnhall O'Fihely (fl. 1505), author of lost 4 Irish Annals.
^ Maurice O'Fihely (d. 1513), archbishop of Tuam: knowu as Mauritius de i'ortu; regent of Franciscan schools at Milan, 14; lectured on theology at Padua; archbishop of Tti.un, 1506, but eoutuiuni t. n-side in lUily: present at Lateran council, 1612; edited works by
^ Roderic O'Flaherty (1629-1718), historiographer; published Ogygia, seu rerum Hibernicarum H.rnnologia 1685; his Chorographical Dewnpt.oi, of West or H-Iar Oonnaught edited by James Hardiman, 1846.
^ Fiacha O'Flyn (d. 1256). See Florence MacFlynn.
^ Oftfor (d. 692), bishop of Worcester; consecrated, 692.
^ David Ogborne (fl. 1740–1764), artist and author best known by his picture representing the Dunmow flitch of bacon ceremony.
^ Elizabeth Ogborne (1769–1863), author of an unfinished History of Essex; daughter of David Ogborne
^ John Ogborne (fi. 1770–1790), stipple-engraver; possibly son of David Ogborne
^ James Ogden (1718–1802), Manchester poet and author of A Description of Manchester (1783).
^ Jonathan Robert Ogden (1806–1882), musical composer; pupil of Moscheles and August Friedrich Christoph Kollman; published Holy Songs and Musical Prayers 1842.
^ Samuel Ogden (1626?–1697), presbyterian divine; of Christ's College, Cambridge; B.A.; vicar of Mackworth, 1657-62: kept school there, and afterwards at Derby and Wirksworth.
^ Samuel Ogden (1716–1778), divine; of Manchester School and St. John's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1741, D.D., 1753, senior fellow, 1758; master of free school, Halifax, 1744-53; popular as preacher at round church of the Holy Sepulchre, Cambridge, 1753-71; Woodwardian professor of geology, 1764-78; incumbent of Lawford and Stansfield, 1766-78; classical scholar and orientalist.
^ John Ogilby (1600–1676), author and printer; in early life taught dancing; employed by Straff ord in Irehind, where he became deputy-master, and afterwards master of the revels; entrusted with poetical part of Charles II's coronation, 1661; bis house and booksellersstock destroyed in fire of London, 1666; afterwards set up large printing establishment and became 'king's cosmographer; published verse translations of Virgil, Ksop's Fables and Homer, with plates by Hollar, and printed an edition of the bible (Cambridge, 1660), a folio Virgil,Entertainment of Charles II i{ $ many geographical works. He was ridiculed by Dryden and Pope, but utilised by the latter.
^ Charles Atmore Ogilvie (1793–1873), theologian; fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, 1816-34; M.A., 1818, D.D., 1842, lecturer, 1836; rector and vicar of ROBS from 1839; first regius professor of pastoral theology at Oxford, 1842-73: canon of Christ Church, 1849; friend of Routh and Blanco White.
^ James Ogilvie (1760–1820), claimant of earldom of Fiudlater; lectured in Virginia; published Philosophical Essays 1816.
^ John Ogilvie or Ogilby (1580?–1615), Jesuit; admitted to the society at Olmütz and ordained at Paris; came to Scotland in disguise, 1613: visited London and Paris, 1614; arrested at Glasgow and examined by special commission at Edinburgh, where, being denied sleep and rot, he revealed names of accomplices; tried and executed for stirring up rebellion.
^ John Ogilvie (1733–1813), presbyterian divine and author; M.A. Aberdeen; minister of Midmar from 1769; D.D. Aberdeen, 1766; member of committee for revision ofScottish Translations and Paraphrases 1776; published poems and apologetic treatises.
^ John Ogilvie (1797–1867), lexicographer; a ploughman till twenty-one; M.A. Aberdeen, 18*8; hon. LL.D. Aberdeen, 1848; mathematical master in Gordon's Aberdeen, 1831-W: compiled Imperial lu-I860 fsuDDlenicnt 1866), Comprehensive English and
^ William Ogilvie (1736–1819), professor of humanity and advocate of common property in land; fttudied at Glasgow, Aberdeen, and Edinburgh; professor of phllosophyKing's College, Aberdeen, 1762-5,, of humanity 1765-1817: hon. D.D. Columbia College, 1793; advocated union of Mariwhal and King's College?; pubSbedB Mav on the Right of Property in Land( 1781) advocating common ownership; classical scholar and numismatist
^ Alexander Ogilvy, second Baron of Inverquharity (d. 1466), sheriff of Kincardine; excommunicated for raid on Bishop Kennedy's lands in Fife and Angus 1444; died in Finhaven Castle after his defeat and capture by the master of Crawford.
^ Sir Alexander Ogilvy, first baronet and Lord Forglen (d. 1727), Scottish judge ; created baronet, 1701 : M.P. for Banff burgh in Scots parliament, 1702-7; lord of session, 1706; commissioner for the union.
^ David Ogilvy, Lord Ogilvy and titular Earl of Airlie (1725–1803), Jacobite; of Aberdeen and Edinburgh Universities; joined Prince Charles Edward with six hundred men, 1745: commanded cavalry during retreat from Derby; fought at Falkirk, 1746, and Cullodeu, 1746; escaped to Norway: lived in France till 1778, becoming lieutenant-general in French army; returned to Scotland, being restored to full rights, 1782.
^ Sir George Ogilvy, of Dunlugas, first Baron Banff (d. 1663), created baronet of Nova Scotia, 1627; slew his cousin James, 1628: supported the royal cause against the covenanters, whom he defeated in the Trot of Turriff, 1639; one of the accusers of Hamilton, 1634; created a Scots peer, 1642.
^ Sir George Ogilvy, of Barras, first baronet (ft. 1A34-1679), created a Nova Scotia baronet at the Restoration for his defence of Dunottar Castle against Cromwell and preservation of the regalia of Scotland, 1661-2.
^ James Ogilvy or Ogilvie, fifth or sixth Baron of Airlie (d. 1605), partisan of Mary Queen of Soots: a lord of the articles, 1559; joined Mary's raid against Moray; subscribed band for Bothwell marriage, 1667, and Hamilton band of 1568; declared a rebel, 1569; escaped Morton's attack, 1569, and went abroad; employed by Mary Queen of Scots to negotiate with Mar nnd Morton, 1571 and 1577; member of the privy council and one of the eight notable men 1578; subscribed confection of laitb, 1581; intermediary between Mary Queen of 8co*3 Ind James VI; helped to overthrow Morton, IMliF &whose death he obtained grants of land.
^ James Ogilvy, first Earl of Airlie, (1593?-1666), royalist; grandson of James Ogilvy, fifth or sixth baron Ogilvy of Airlie; created earl, 1639; joined Montrose, 1644; bis forfeiture rescinded, 1647.
^ James Ogilvy, second Earl of Airlie (1615?-1704?), aide-de-camp of Montrose; son of James Ogilvy, first earl of Airlie; held Airlie Castle against covenanters, and was allowed by Montrose to escape, 1840; accompanied Montrose to court of Charles I, 1643; captured in Lancashire carrying despatches to the king, 1644: released from prison after Kilsyth, 1645, but captured at Philipbaugh, 1646; was condemned to death, bat escaped and secured pardon; took part in Pluscardon's rising, 1649; again captured, 1661, and imprisoned in Tower of London till 1657; declared for William of Orange at the revolution.
^ James Ogilvy, fourth Earl of Findlater and first Earl of Seafield (1664-1730), lord chancellor of Scotland; called to bar, 1685; M.P., Banffshire, 1681-2 and 1689-95; wlicttor-gtmeral, 1683; secretary of etate, 1694-1708, and joint-secretary, 1704-6; created Viscount Seafield and appointed president of the parliament, 1698; unpopular as opponent of the African Company; commissioner to general assembly, 1700; created earl, 1701; commissioner for the union, 1702, and active as its promoter, 17o-7: lord chancellor of Scotland, 1703-4 and 1W-7; Scottish representative peer from 1707: privy councillor of England, 1707; lord chief baron in the court of exchequer, 1707; succeeded as Earl of Findlater, 1711; moved repeal of the union, 1713, but soon afterwards became keeper of the great seal.
^ James Ogilvy, sixth Earl of Findlater and third Earl of Seafield (1714?-1770), agriculturist; known as Lord Deskford till 1764; Scots commissioner of customs, 1754-61; a lord of police, 1765.
^ John Ogilvy (.ft. 1592–1601), political adventurer (Powrie-Ogilvy); professed to be accredited agent of James VI in Flanders and at Rome, 1595, and in Spain, 1596; imprisoned at Barcelona; employed by Cecil in Scotland asJohn Gibson 1600.
^ Sir Patrick Ogilvy or Ogilvie, seventh Baron of Boyne (fl. 1707), a lord of session, 1681; kniuhti-d, 1681; M.P., Bauffshire, 1669-93; signed the assurance and entered into relations with the Pretender,
^ Sir Walter Ogilvy or Ogilvie (d. 1440), of Lintrathen; lord high treasurer of Scotland, 1425-31; commissioner to negotiate with England, 1430; treasurer of the household, 1431.
^ Nial O'Glacan (fl. 1629-1655), physician; native of Donegal; treated patients for plague in France; published Tractatus de Peste 1629; afterwards professor at Toulouse and physician to the king; published, at Bologna, Cursus Medicus 1646-55.
^ Sir John Oglander (1585–1655), author of Diary (ed. W. H. Long, 1888); of Balliol College, Or ford, and the Middle Temple; knighted, 1615: deputygovernor of the Isle of Wight, 1624-43; sheriff of Hampshire; arrested for royalism, 1643 and 1651.
^ Sir Chaloner Ogle (1681?–1750), admiral of the fleet; entered the navy, 1697; when commander of the Tartar frigate made valuable prizes in the Mediterranean; knighted1723) for capture of pirates off Cape Lopez; commander-in-chief in Jamaica, 1732; rear-admiral, 1739; with Vernon in attack on Carthageaa, 1742, succeeding him in command; vice-admiral, 1743; admiral. 1744; admiral and commander-in-chief, 1749.
^ Sir Charles Ogle , second baronet (1775–1858), admiral of the fleet: grand-nephew of Sir Chaloner Ogle ; entered the navy, 1787; posted, 1797; commanderin-chief in North America, 1827-30, at Portsmouth, 1845-8.
^ Charles Chaloner Ogle (1851–1878), 'The Times' correspondent in Montenegro and Thessaly, 18761878; probably assassinated by Turks at Katochori, near Volo, after second battle of Macrynitza.
^ George Ogle (1704–1746), translator of Anacreon and Horace; published Antiquities explained(vol. i.), 1737; contributed to modernised versions of Chaucer, 1741.
^ George Ogle (1742–1814), Irish politician and composer of Banna's Banks and Molly Asthore; as M.P. for Wexford county, 1768-96, and Dublin, 1798-1800, in Irish parliament supported legislative independence, but opposed catholic emancipation; colonel in the volunteers, 1782: Irish privy councillor, 1783: governor of Wexford, 1796; represented Dublin in imperial parliament, 1801-4.
^ James Adey Ogle (1792–1857), physician; of Eton and Trinity College, Oxford; M.A., 1816; M.D., 1820; studied also at Edinburgh and on the continent: practised at Oxford and became Aldrich professor of medicine, 1824, clinical, 1830, and regius professor, 1851; as mathematical tutor at Trinity College, Oxford, had John Henry Newman as pupil; advocated establishment of science school at Oxford, 1841; F.R.C.P., 1822; F.R.S., 1826; Harveian orator, 1844.
^ Sir 'John Ogle (1569–1640), military commander ; sergeant-major-general under Sir Francis Vere in the Low Countries, 1691; as lieutenant-colonel rallied the English forces at Nieuport, 1600: knitted, 1603: helped to recover Sluys, 1604; governor of Utrecht for the stadthnldcr Maurice, 1610-18; granted coat-armour by James I, 1616; member of the council of war, 1624; active member of the Virginia Company; employed in Ireland under Wentworth.
^ John Ogle (1647?–1685?), gamester and buffoon; mentioned in the Tatler ( No. 132).
^ Owen Ogle, second Baron Ogle (fl. 1483–1494), son of Robert Ogle, first baron Ogle; first summoned to parliament, 1483, lut nmnoed 11*5- with Urnry Vll's nrmy at Stoke, 1486, and Surrey's at relief.if Norham, 1494.
^ Sir Robert de Ogle (d. 1362), soldier; captured five Scottish knights, and was allow.-.! to,-;i-t-llnte Ogle House, Northumberland, 1341: distinguished himself in resisting the foray into Cumberland of Sir William Douglas, 1345; fought at Neville's Grow, 1346; held Berwick Castle, 1366.
^ Robert Ogle, first Baron Ogle (d. 1469), Yorkist; descendant of Sir Robert de Ogle; sln-riif of Northumberland, 1438; brought six hundred men to the Yorkists at first battle of St. Albans, 1465; summoned to parliament as baron, 1461, and made warden of the east marches; received grants of forfeited Percy and Talboys estates; distinguished himself in the dash upon Holy island, 1462; constable of Bamborough, 1464.
^ James Edward Oglethorpe (1696–1785), colonist of Georgia; entered the army, 1710; of Corpus Christ! College, Oxford; served as volunteer in eastern Europe with Prince Eugene; chairman of parliamentary committee on debtorsprisons, 1729; obtained charter for settlement of Georgia as a refuge for paupers and a barrier for British colonies against Spanish aggression, 1732: encountered during his administration of the new colony much opposition, owing to his prohibition of negro slavery and rum, and had difficulties with the Weslc-ys and Whitfield; successfully, nnd partly at his own expense, defended Georgia against the Spaniard?, allying himself with the Indians, but failed in an attack on St. Augustine, 1740; named brigadier-general, 1743; returned to England, 1743; served hi Lancashire against the Jacobites, 1745; was accused by Cumberland of misconduct, and, though acquitted, did not return to military life; as M.P., Haslemere, for thirty-two years acted at first with the Jacobite tories, and afterwards as an independent whig; friend of Dr. Johnson and his circle, and immortalised by Pope.
^ Owen Oglethorpe (d. 1559), bishop of Carlisle; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1526: M.A., 1529; D.D., 1536; president of Magdalen, 1535-52; junior proctor, 1533, and vice-chancellor, 1551; held numerous livings and a canonry of Christ Church, Oxford; canon of Windsor and one of Cranmer's commissioners on the sacrament*, 1540; entertained Peter Martyr, Bucer, and Coverdale at Magdalen College, Oxford, but was much attacked by the puritans, and obliged to retire from the presidency, 1552; reappointed by Queen Mary; one of the Oxford divines who disputed with Cranmer, Ridley, and Latimer: dean of Windsor, 1563: as bishop of Carlisle (1557-9) crowned Queen Elizabeth, but was deprived, 1559; founded a school at Tadcaster, his birthplace.
^ Sir Theophilus Oglethorpe (1650–1702), brigadier-general; serred in Charles IPs lifeguards; as lieutenant-colonel of royal dragoons commanded advance iriiiird of Monmouth at Bothwell Brigg, 1679; routed rebels at Keynsbam and led charge at Sedgmoor. 1685; brigadier-general and principal equerry to James II; returned from France and took oaths to William and Mary, 1698; M.P., Haslemere, 1698-1702; his daughter Anne said to have been mistress of James Edward, the Old Pretender.
^ Maelmuire O'Gorman (d. 1181), martyrologist and abbot of Cnoc or Loath, known also as Marianus Gorman and Maelmuire O'Dunmn; his Martyrology in Irish verse (composed, 1156-73), recently edited by Dr. Whitley Stokes for Bradshaw Society.
^ The O'Gorman Mahon (1800-1891). See Charles James Patrick Mahon.
^ Standish O'Grady, first Viscount Guillamore (1766-1840), lord chief baron of the Irish exchequer, 18061831; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1784; attorney-general, 1803; a noted wit; created Irish peer, 1831.
'^ Standish O'Grady, second Viscount Guillamore(1792-1848), soldier; son of Standish O'Grady, first viscount Guillamore; did good service as ofilcer of the 7th hussars at Waterloo and on the precelini; day: afterward* lieutenant-colonel.
^ Francis Ogston (1808-1887), professor at Aberdeen; M.D. Edinburgh, 1824: M. l.on. I.I..;. Aberdeen: first professor of medi.al furispradence at Aberdeen.: hisLectures(1878) a standard work in Knirlaiid and Germany.
^ John O'Hagan (1822-1890), judge; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 186ft: called to Irish bar, IM:: y.. 185; education commissioner, 1861; active member of the Youiiu- Ireland party, and counsel for Gavan Duffy, 1848: judicial commissioner under Irish Land Act of 1881, and patriotic song-writer.
^ Thomas O'Hagan, first Baron O'Hagan (1812-1886), lord chancellor of Ireland; called to Irish bar, 1836; edited Newry Examiner 1836-40; friend and sapporter of Daniel o'CniintlK 1776-1847), but oppowd his repeal policy and upheld the national gyxtem of education; defended Gavan Duffy in libel case, 184S, and acted under Whiteside in trials of 1843-4; offered retainer* both by crown and repealers at trials of the agitators, 1848; Q.C., 1849; defended Father Petcheriue, 1865; third Serjeant and bencher of King's Inns, 1869; solicitorgeneral for Ireland, 1861, attorney-general, 1862; whig M.P. for Tralee, 1863; judge of common pleas in Ireland, 1865-8; lord chancellor of Ireland, 1868-74 and 188O-1; created peer, 1870, he carried bill for amending the Irish jury system: first vice-chairman of the intermediate education board (established, 1878), and first vice-chancellor of the Royal University of Ireland (founded, 1880).
^ Donat O'Haingli or Donngus (d. 1095), bishop of Dublin, 1084-95; a monk of Lanfranc's monastery at Canterbury.
^ Samuel O'Haingli (d. 1121), last bishop of Dublin, 1096-1121; nephew of Douat O'Haingli; was consecrated by Anselm, but neglected canonical obedience.
^ Sir Joseph O'Halloran (1763-1843), major-general in East India Company's service; son of Sylvester O'Halloran; entered Bengal army, 1782; adjutant at Midnapiir, 1802: commanded irregulars against Raja Ram, 1805, and led attacks in Rogoulee and Adieghur, 1809; C.B. for services in Nepaulese campaigns, 1815-16: commandant of 25th Bengal infantry in Straits Settlements, 1818-25; brigadier-general, lt28; knighted after return to England, 1835; major-general, 1837; G.C.B., 1841.
^ Lawrence Hynes O'Halloran (1766-1831). See Halloran.
^ Sylvester O'Halloran (1728-1807), surgeon and antiquary: studied at Paris and Leyden; practised at Limerick, specialising in ophthalmic surgery and treatment of injuries to the head; hon. M.R.C.S. of Ireland, 1786; publishedlerne Defended 1774, and General History of Ireland to close of the 12th Century (1774).
^ Thomas Shuldham O'Halloran (1797-1870), Australian administrator; second son of Sir Joseph O'Halloran: served with 17th foot in Nepaul, 1814-16, and Deccan, 1817-18; on Dunkin's staff in Burmese war, 1824-6; with 6th regiment at Saugor, 1829-34; retired, 1838; settled in South Australia and became commandant of the militia and police commissioner, 1840–3, member of the nominated council, 1843-51, and of the elected legislative council, 1857-63.
^ William Littlejohn O'Halloran (1806-1885), auditor-general of South Australia; son of Sir Joseph O'Halloran; served with the 14th and 38th foot, 1824-32; retired, 1840, and went to Australia and became private secretary to the governor and clerk of the councils, 1843: auditor-general, 1851-68.
^ Redmond O'Hanlon (d. 1681), Irish outlaw; having lost his estates during the civil wars became a leader of tories in Ulster, c, 1670, levying contributions in Armagh, Tyrone, and Down; left many traditions in Slieve Gullion; held out till treacherously shot by his foster-brother under Ormonde's commission.
^ See O'Haingli.
^ Sir Charles O'Hara, first Baron Tyrawley (1640?-1724), general; lieutenant-colonel of 1st footiuard*, 1688; knighted, 1689: served under William III in Flanders and received colonelcy of royal fusiliers (7th foot); distinguished himself at capture of Vigo and burning of Spanish fleet, 1703, and at Guadulaxara, 1708: created an Irish peer, 1706: Galway's eecond-incommand in Spain, leading tin- left wing at Almanza, where be was wounded; privy councillor, 1710; supported Oalway against Peterborough in debate on SDantah campaign; general, 1714; commauder-in-chief SlreUnd, 1714-21.
^ Charles O'Hara (1740?-1802), general; grandson of Sir Charles O'Hara; entered Coldstreum guards, of which his father was colonel, 1756: aide-de-camp to Granby after Minden; quartermaster-general under Tyrawley in Portugal, 1763; commandant atGoree, 1766; commanded brigade of guards in America, being wounded at Quilford Courthouse, 1781; and captured at York town, 1781; major-general and colonel of 22nd, 1782; lieutenant-general, 1793, when he was wounded and captured by the French at Toulon; governor of Gibraltar (where be died), 1795-1803: general, 1798; friend of Horace Walpole, and for some time engaged to Mary Berry.
^ James O'Hara, Baron Kilmaine and second Baron Tyrawley (1690-1773), field-marshal and diplomatist; wounded at Almanza and Malplaquet: succeeded his father, Sir Charles O'Hara, first baron Tyrawley, as colonel of the royal fusiliers, 1713; created Baron Kilmaine of Ireland, 1722: succeeded to English peerage, 1724; ambassador in Portugal, 1728-41 and 1752-6, and in Russia, 1743-5; major-general, 1739, lieutenant-general, 1743; governor of Minorca, 1762-6, and Gibraltar, 1756-7; general, 1761; field-marshal and governor of Portsmouth, 1763; plenipotentiary and general in Portugal, 1762-3.
^ Kane O'Hara (17147-1782), burlesque writer; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1735; lived at Dublin; travestied Italian burletta inMidas produced also The Golden Pippin 1773,The Two Misers," 1775, and other pieces.
^ Cineth O'Hartagain (d. 975), Irish poet.
^ Francis O'Hearn (1753-1801), divine and traveller; rector of the Irish College, Louvain; wrote poems in Flemish; travelled in Eastern Europe and Siberia; died parish priest in Waterford.
^ Patrick O'Hely (d. 1578), Roman catholic bishop of Mayo; Franciscan in Spain; afterwards went to Rome: bishop of Mayo, 1576-8; tried at Kilmallock and ?.:uiil.
^ Denis O'Hempsy (1695?-1807), Irish harper;, travelled all over Ireland; played before Prince Charles I Edward at Holyrood, 1745; attended Belfast meeting of harpers, 1792.
^ Matthew O'Heney (d. 1206), archbishop of Cashel and (1192) papal legate for Ireland; died a Cistercian monk of Holy Cross (Tipperary); his works lost.
^ Cormac Higgin (fl. 1590), Irish poet.
^ Domhnall Higgin (d. 1502), professor of poetry in the schools of Ireland; wrote a poem in praise of Ian MacDonald.
^ Domhnall O'Higgin (fl. 1600), Irish poet.
^ Maolmuire O'Higgin (d. 1591), poet and archbishop of Tuam; died at Antwerp.
^ Mathghamlain O'Higgin (fl. 1584), bard to the O'Byrnes of Wicklow.
^ Tadhg Mór O'Higgin (d. 1315), poet and tutor to Magbnus O'Connor Oonnacht.
^ Tadhg Óg O'Higgin (d. 1448), poet; bard to Tadhg O'Connor Sligo and afterwards to the chief of Ui Maine.
^ Teague O'Higgin (d. 1617), blind poet (Tadhg dall Ua hUiginn), brother of Maolmuire O'Higgin q. v.; panegyrised the O'Neills and unrkes: urged Sir Brian 0-Rourke (f. 1M1) to attack the English, c. 5688; described the home-life of the Maguires.
^ Don Ambrosio O'Higgins (Higgins), Marquis of Osorno (1720?–1801), viceroy of Peru; of humble Irish parentage; as captain of cavalry in the Chilian service defeated the Indians and founded San Carlos, 1770; when intend. mt of Concepcion entertained La Perouse, founded San Aiiibrosiode Ballenar, and made the road from Santiago to Valparaiso; major-general 1789, and viceroy of Chili, 1789-96; rebuilt OHorno and was created marquis, 1792; lieutenant-general, 1794; viceroy of Peru, 1795-1801; father of Bernardo, liberator of Chili.
^ Ohthere (fl. 880), Norse explorer in the service of Alfred the Great; sailed from Halogaland round the North Cape and along the north coast of Lapland to the mouth of the Dwina, and thence southwards to Schleswig.
^ Dermot O'Hurley (1519?-1584), archbishop of Cashel; professor of philosophy at Louvain, c. 1559, and of canon law at Rheims; while at Rome plotted against the English government, which having been apprised of his coming to Ireland as archbishop of Cashel (1581), captured him at Carrick-on-Suir, discovered his correspondence with Desmond and Baltinglas, and, after causing him to be tortured, had him condemned by martial law and hanged at Dublin.
^ Eochaidh O'Hussey (fl. 1630), Irish poet (Ua hEodhasa).
'^ Maelbrigde O'Hussey or O'Heoghusa (d. 1614), Irish Franciscan (in religion Bonaventura); guardian of Louvain, where he died; author of devotional works and poems in the Irish language.
^ Eachmarcach O'Kane (1720-1790), Irish harper; sometimes known as Acland, played at Rome and Madrid, also in France and Scotland.
^ George Colwell Oke (1821–1874), legal writer, chief clerk to the lord mayor of London: published works including Oke's Magisterial Synopsis 1849, and Magisterial Formalist 1850.
^ John O'Kearney or Carney (O'Cearnaigh) (d. 1600 ?), Irish divine. See Kearney.
^ Eoghan O'Keefe (1666-1726), Irish poet; parish priest of Doneraile.
^ Adelaide O'Keeffe (1776-1855?), poet and novelist; daughter of John O'Keeffe.
^ John O'Keeffe (1747-1833), dramatist; twelve years an actor in Henry Mossop's company at Dublin, but gradually became blind: his Tony Lumpkin in Town produced at the Hay market, 1778: lived in England from 1780 and wrote comic pieces for the Haymarket and Covent Garden, London, among which Wild Oats is still played, and The Castle of Andalusia was revived by Buckstone; author of the famous song I am a Friar of Orders Grey(in his operaMerry Shei-wood: received a benefit at Covent Garden, 1800, and a royal pension, 1820; published Recollections 1826.
^ Charles O'Kelly (1621-1695), Irish historian; served in the royal army in Ireland and France: afterwards in the Spanish service; sat in James II's Irish parliament, 1689: defended Connaught under Sarsfield; his Macariae Excidium (1692) edited by Crofton Croker, 1841, by John Cornelius O'Callaghan, 1860, and Count Plunket, 1894; author also of the lost O'Kelly Memoirs.
^ Dennis O'Kelly (1720?-1787), owner of the racehorse Eclipse and of a famous talking parrot; made a fortune by gaming and horse-breeding.
^ Joseph O'Kelly (1832-1883), geologist: M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1860; secretary to Irish Geological Survey, 1865.
^ Patrick O'Kelly (1754-1835?), Bard O'Kelly; author of the Doneraile Litany and other verses.
^ Ralph O'Kelly (d. 1361), archbishop of Cashel.
^ Francis Okely (1719?-1794), minister of the Unitas Fratrum at Bedford and Nottingham; of the Charterhouse School and St. John's CoHege, Cambridge: B.A., 1739: translated and edited mystical works by Jacob Behmen and others.
^ John Okeover, Okever, or Oker(fl. 1619 16.14), organist of Wells Cathedral; M.B., New College, Oxford, 1633; composer of 'fancies'.
^ Richard Okes (1797–1888), provost of King's College, Cambridge; Browm- 1 - medallist. !*. and 1M2U; scholar and fellow of King's College, Cambridge; provost, MO HS; some time master at Kton; editor of Musar Etonenses 1780-1833.
^ John Okey (d. 1662), regicide; colonel of dragoons at Naseby, 1645; led storming party at Bath, but was captured ut Bristol, 1646: present at i i ngan'a, 1648; signed Charles I's death-warrant, 1649; created master of arts at Oxford, 1649; took part in and described storming of Dundee, 1651; sat in parliament, 1654; opposed the protectorate and was cashiered for circulating a petition against it; arrested for renewed opposition to Cromwell, 1658; represented Bedfordshire- in Richard Cromwell's parliament, which restored him to command; again cashiered for resistance to Lambert, 1659, but regained his regiment the same year; being deprived by Monck, joined Lambert at Daventry, 1660; fled to Germany; arrested at Delft; executed in England.
^ Samuel Okey (fl. 1765–1780), mezzotinting ver after Reynolds; afterwards priuteeller at Newport, Rhode island, U.S.A.
^ John de Okham (fl. 1317–1322), baron of the exchequer, 1317-22.
^ Robert Oking (fl. 1525–1554), archdeacon; D.C.L. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1534; commissary of Cambridge University, 1529, Bangor, 1534; archdeacon of Salisbury, 1539-52; a moderate reformer.
^ Olaf Godfreyson (d. 941), leader of the Ostmen and king of Dublin (934) and Deira (940); took Lodore, 935; plundered Clonmacnoise abbey; fought at Brunanburh, 937, under Olaf Sitricsou; killed near Dunbar.
^ Olaf Sitricson (d. 981), leader of Ostmen, and king of Dublin and Deira (called in sagas Olaf the Red); married daughter of Constantine II of Scotland; defeated, with Olaf Godfreyson and Constantino II, by Athelstan at Brunanbnrh, 937; shared kingship of Northumbrians with Olaf Godfreyson, 940-1, and afterwards with Reginald; driven out by Eadmuud, 944; restored Dublin and established his rule in Ireland, 945; defeated at Slane by O'Cananain, 947; failed in last attempt on Northumbria, 952, having held Deira since 949; allied himself with Toole in Ireland; slew Cougalach,956; slew the heirs of both northern and southern O'Neill and won victory at Belau, 977; resigned Dublin after defeat of Tara, 980; died at lona.
^ Olaf (1117?-1238), king of the Isles ('the Black'); set aside by his half-brother, Reginald, and imprisoned (c. 1208-14) by William the Lion of Scotland; driven, after second marriage, from the island of Lewis, the patrimony assigned him by Reginald; recovered the Isles, his paternal kingdom, allowing Reginald to remain king of Man, 1224; king of Man and the Ides, 1226-8; defeated Reginald at Diugwall, 1230; superseded after visit to Norway; shared Man with G aired Don and afterwards ! ruled alone; exchanged allegiance to Norway for subordination to England; visited Henry III, 1235.
^ John Old (ft. 1545–1555), one of the translators of Erasmus'sParaphrase of the New Testament (1548); commissioner for several dioceses; prebendary of Lincoln and Lichfield; vicar of Cubington, 1645, till accession of Queen Mary; published religious works.
^ Sir John Oldcastle, styled Lord Cobham (d. 1417), lollard leader; of a Herefordshire family; his age much exaggerated; employed under Henry IV in Welsh marches, where he probably became acquainted with Henry IV's son, Prince Henry; knight of the shire for Herefordshire, 1404; sheriff, 1406-7; married, as second wife, Joan, lady Cobham, 1409; summoned to parliament as baron Cobham till 1413; a leader of troops sent to help Burgundy, 1411; perhaps attached to Prince Henry's household, but never his boon companion; said to have attempted his conversion; attacked by clergy for maintaining heresy in London, Rochester, and Herefordshire, 1413; arrested after vain attempts by Henry V to conArch bishop il.erbishopi, presented a confession oi faith u, th,,,, U rt; after Heterodox declarations as and dcMMfetta of the pope as a. enlarged court, was declared heretic, and banded over to the secular arm; escaped mysteriously from the Tower of London after respite; concealed himself in London daring lolhmi HMUL-; outlawed, 1414; in hiding near Malvern,l4l6: believedtolveen g aReJdeeplymlntrigoi with the Scots and to have instigated attack of Albany and Doughw, 1416; Piirpriwd and captured by Charlton at Cae'r Barwn, near Welshponl, 1417; condemned by parBament; hung and burnt hanging in St. Giles's Fields. He was extravagantly execrated by contemporary writers, but described as a bWl martyr by Bale and Foxe in the next century. Contemporary calumnies revived in --e, and were embodied in Shakespeare's Falstaff, who was originally called Oldcastle. A play of 1600 bore his name, and he is the hero of Wet-vert poem, The Mirror of Martyrs (1601).
^ Edward Oldcorne (1561–1606), Jesuit; ordained priest and admitted to society at Rome; missioner in England, 16K8; arrested at Hindlip Hall, Worcestershire, with Garnett, after Gunpowder plot; tortured in the Tower of London, but denied complicity; was executed after triaL
^ John Olde (fl. 1645–1565). See Old.
^ Henry Oldenbourg (1615?–1677), first secretary of the Royal Society; bom and educated at Bremen; lived in England, 1640-8; agent of Bremen in England 1663; made the acquaintance of Milton, 1664, and of Robert Boyle while studying at Oxford, 1666-7; travelled as tutor to Richard Jones (Lord Rauelagb), 1667-60 first secretary of the Royal Society, 1663-77; published and edited the Transactions of the society, 1664-77; corresponded with Spinoza; imprisoned on account of political correspondence, 1667; undertook many translations; Huyghens's watch patent assigned to him.
^ Anne Oldfield (1683–1730), actress; daughter of a guardsman named Oldfield; while living with her mother at the Mitre, St. James's Market, London, was introduced by Vaubrugh to John Rich and engaged at Drury Lane, 1692; appeared as Alinda in Vanbrugh's Pilgrim 1700, and many other parts, but made slow progress till she played Lady Betty Modish, 1704; appeared with seceders at Haymarket in pieces by Cibber and others 1706-8 and 1709-10: returned finally to Drury Lane, 1711, playing there till 1730; excelled both in tragedy and comedy; Cleopatra and Calista her best tragic and Lady Townly her best comic parts; praised by Cibber, Steele, Walpole, and Thomson, but sneered at by Pope; buried in Westminster Abbey, beneath Congreve's monument xliL 961
^ Henry George Oldfield (d. 1791, antiquary.
^ John Oldfield or Otefield (1627?–1682), ejected minister; rector of Carsiugton, 1649-62; regular attendant of Wirksworth classis; settled at Alfreton; quoted in Mrs. Gaskell's North and South 1866.
^ John Oldfield (1789–1863), general; nominated to Woolwich by Cornwallis, in consideration of services of his uncle, Thomas Oldfield: entered royal engineers, 1806; directed inundation of country round Ypres, 1815; made sketch-plan of Waterloo for Wellington and took part in battle; K.H., 1830; commanding royal engineer in Canadian rebellion, 1839; colonel commandant of engineer*, 1869; general, 1862.
^ Joshua Oldfield (1666–1729), presbyterian minister; son of John Oldfield (1627?-1682); studied at Lincoln College, Oxford, and Christ's College, Cambridge; minister successively at Tooting, Oxford, Coventry, and Globe Alley, Southwark; kept a training academy for presbyterians in Coventry and London: one of Daniel Williams, trustees; moderator at SailersHall conference, 1719; D.D.; intimate with Locke and Calamy.
^ Thomas Oldfield (1756–1799), major of royal marines; wounded when a volunteer at Bunker's Hill, 1776; served on Cornwallis's staff, 1778-81; distinguished as commander of marines in St. Domingo, 1794; wounded at bombardment of OadU, 1797: assisted in attack on Trnniffc: senior of marines at the Nile, 19H; captured mortally wounded in sortie from Acre.
^ Thomas Hinton Burley Oldfield (1765-1822), author of Representative History of Great Britain and Ireland 1816.
^ Sir William Oldhall (1390?–1466?), soldier; won his spurs at Verneuil, 1424; distinguished as seneschal of Normandy in invasion of Maine and Anjou; commandant at La Ferte Bernard, 1449; chamberlain to Richard, duke of York, 1440; speaker, 1460: twice at
^ Hugh Oldham (d. 1519), founder of Manchester grammar school and bishop of Exeter; educated in household of Thomas Stanley, earl of Derby, and at Queens' College, Cambridge; chaplain to the Lady Margaret (OounteM of Richmond and Derby), from whom he received numerous benefices; as bishop of Exeter (1604-19) had disputes with Archbishop Warham and the abbot of Tavistock: contributed largely to the foundation of Corpus Christi College, Oxford.
^ John Oldham (1600?–1636), 'pilgrim father'; arrived at Plymouth, Massachusetts, in the Anne, 1623; being expelled for plotting against church and state, went to Nantasket (Hull), 1624; wrecked off Cape Cod, 1626; went to England, but returned, 1629; one of the first settlers in Watertown; projector of first Connecticut plantation; granted island in Narragausett Bay, 1634; murdered by Indians.
^ John Oldham (1663–1683), poet; B.A. St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1674; three years usher in Whitgift's school, Croydon; afterwards a tutor: befriended by Lord Kingston; eulogised by Waller and Dryden; published several Pindaric odes, the moat important being that to the memory of Charles Morwent: chiefly celebrated for his ironicalSatire against Virtue, Satires upon the Jesuits and his imitations of Horace and other Latin writers, as well as of Bion, Moschus, and Boileau; his Poems and Translations collected, 1683.
^ John Oldham (1779–1840), engineer; employed by Bank of Ireland and Bank of England, where his machinery for printing and numbering notes was in use till 1853: patented paddle-wheeU for steamers; introduced system of warming buildings.
^ Nathaniel Oldham (fl. 1740), virtuoso; collected paintings and curiosities; died prisoner for debt in King's Bench.
^ Thomas Oldham (1801–1851), engineer to Bank of England; son of John Oldham (1779-1840); died at Brussels.
^ Thomas Oldham (1816–1878), geologist; professor of geology, Trinity College, Dublin, 1845; M.A., 1846; president of Dublin Geological Society, 1846- director of Irish geological survey, 1846-50; discovered Mdhamia fossils at Bray Head, 1849; superintendent of Indian survey, 1860-76; F.R.S., 1848; royal medallist, 187ft
^ Giles Oldisworth (1619–1678), royalist divine; of Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge: BJu 1643; created M.A. Oxford, 1646: incumbent of Boarton-on-the-Hill, 1645-78: published The Stone Rolled Away (1663) and The Holy Royalist(1664); left also poems in manuscript.
^ Michael Oldisworth (1691–1654?) parliamentarian politician: fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, !: M A., 1614; secretary to William Herbert, third earl of Pembroke, and his brother Philip, fourth earl; rl ln 1824 ~ 9 8 lw 1 y. 1640-50; witness against Laud, 1644; keeper of Windsor Great Park, 1650; ia*t*r of the prerogative office; much satirised by royalist pamphleteers; eulogised by Herrick.
^ William Oldisworth (1680–1734), author and translator; of Hart Hall, Oxford; edited several volumes T l f t 27Kxnmincr: PublishedAnnotation* on the M?. * Vcrv tran " latlon f the'Odes and Epodes lorace (withNotes upon Notes), 1712-13, and poems with the Jacobites at Preston, 1715; died a debtor in the King's Bench prison.
^ John Oldmixon (1673–1742), whig historian and pamphleteer; published poems, 169C; produced at Drury Lane, London, his opera, The Grove, or Love's Paradise 1700, and at Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, his tragedy, 'The Governor of Cyprus 1703; publishedThe British Empire in America 1708. History of Addresses 1709-10; contributed toThe Medley 1711; answered Swift's 'Conduct of AlliesinThe Dutch Barrier Ours 1712; publishedSecret History of Europe(in parts, 1712, 1713, 1716) and other works against the Stuarts; collector of Bridgwater, 1716; attacked Clarendon'sHistory of the Rebellion in hisCritical History 1724-6; placed in theDunciad 1 and theArt of Sinking in Poetryby Pope, in retaliation for reflections upon him; made unwarranted attacks upon Clarendon's editors in his 'History of England during the Reigns of the Royal House of Stuart 1729; published as a second volume, 'History of England during Reigns of William III, Anne, and George I 1735 (third volume, dealing with Tudor period, 1739); hisMemoirs of the Press, 1710-40 issued posthumously, 1742; perhaps author ofHistory and Life of Robert Blake
^ Valentine Oldys or Oldis (1620–1685), poet and patron of men of letters; M.A. Cambridge, per literas regias, 1671..
^ William Oldys (1591?–1645), royalist; of Winchester College and New College, Oxford: M.A., 1618, D.D., 1643; vicar of Adderbury, 1627-48; shot by parliamentarians,
^ William Oldys (1636–1708), admiralty advocate and chancellor of Lincoln diocese; fellow of New College, Oxford, 1666-71; D.C.L., 1667; son of William Oldys (1591 ?-1645)
^ William Oldys (1696–1761), Norroy king-of-arms and antiquary; grandson of William Oldys (1691 ?-1645) ; one of the sufferers in the South Sea Bubble, 1720; issued Essay on Epistolary Writings 1729; collected valuable library; published a Dissertation upon Pamphlets 1731; edited Ralegh's History of the World prefixing biography, 1736; issued anonymously British Librarian 1737; literary secretary to Earl of Oxford, 1738-41; joint-editor with Dr. Johnson of Harleian Miscellany 1744-6, and drew up and annotated catalogue of Harleian pamphlets; contributed to first edition of Biographia Britannica 1747-60; imprisoned for debt in the Fleet till released by Norfolk; Norroy king-of-arms, 1755-61; his notes for life of Shakespeare used by Reed in appendix to Rowe's Life; wrote life of Cotton for Hawkins's edition of the Compleat Angler (1760): transcripts of his notes to Langbaine'sDramatick Poets made by Percy, Steevens, and Malone; left various works in manuscript.
^ Arthur O'Leary (1729-1802), Irish priest and politician; while a Capuchin friar at St. Malo acted as chaplain to prisoners in France, 1756-62; settled in Cork, 1771; wrote pamphlets exhorting Romanist? to be loyal to British rule; defended them against Wesley, 1780: publishedEssay on Toleration c. 1781; chaplain to Irish national volunteers, 1782-4. but in receipt of pension from British government to reveal secrets of disaffected Roman catholics: published Addresses to the Common People of Ireland and exerted personal influence against Whiteboys in Mnnster, 1785-6: came to England as chaplain of Spanish embassy, 1789: attended meetings of catholic committee, but opposed its action; preached in Sutton Street, Soho, London.
^ Ellen O'Leary (1831-1889), Fenian poet; contributed poems to the Irish People 1863-5: assisted James Stephens with his organisation.
^ Joseph O'Leary (fl. 1835), Irish barrister and writer on tithes.
^ Joseph O'Leary (d. 1846?), song-writer and journalist: contributed to the Freeholde and other Cork papers, 1818-42; published theTribute 1833; unsuccessful in London; drowned himself in Regent's Canal, London.
^ Barnabas Oley (1602–1686), royalist divine; M.A. Clare College, Cambridge, 1625; B.D.: fellow time president) of Clare College, Cambridge, and vicar of Great Gransden, Huntingdonshire; began tne n-liuildinu of his college, 1638; brought college plate to Charles I at Nottingham, 1642; ejected from fellowship by the Earl of Manchester, 1644; restored, 16CO: prebendary of Worcester, 1G60-86; edited George Herbert's Remains 1652, and gome works of Thomas Jiieku( 1679-1 640), 1653-7; benefactor of (iniiKden, Worcester Cathedral, and Clare and King's Colleges, Cambridge,
^ Sir William Oufard (d. 1329). See William Oliphant.
^ Carolina Oliphant , Baroness Nairne (1766-1845). See Carolina Nairne.
^ Francis Wilson Oliphant (1818–1869), painter and designer of stained glass; educated at Edinburgh; worked with Pugin at windows in houses of parliament: exhibited historical pictures at Royal Academy; designed windows in Ely Cathedral, King's College, Cambridge, and Aylesbury Church; died at Rome.
^ James Oliphant (1734–1818), Scottish divine; M.A. Glasgow, 1756; lampooned, when minister of Kilmarnock, by Burns; minister of Dumbarton, 1773; compiled The Mother's Catechism 1772, and Sacramental Catechism 1779.
^ Sir Laurence Oliphant, of Aberdalgie, first Baron Oliphant (d. 1500?), sat in parliament of 1467; sheriff of Perthshire, 1470: commissioner for treaty with England, 1484; lord of the articles, 1488; privy councillor, 1488: supported the king in rebellion of 1489; ambassador to France and Castile, 1491; keeper of Edinburgh Castle, 1493.
^ Laurence Oliphant, third Baron Oliphant (d. 1566), succeeded his grandfather, 1516; captured at Solway Moss, 1642; ransomed on conditions, 1543, but did not fulfil bis pledges.
^ Laurence Oliphant, fourth Baron Oliphant (1529-1593), son of Laurence Oliphant, third baron Oliphant; extraordinary member of privy council, 1565; member of assize for trial of Both well, but signed band for his marriage with Mary Queen of Scots; fought for the queen at Langside, 1568, but signed band for the king 1569; voted against Mary's divorce from Both well; joined anti-Marian party, 1572
^ Laurence Oliphant (1691–1767), Jacobite; present at Sherriffmuir, 1715: laird of Gask (1732-46); joined Prince Charles Edward at Perth, 1745, and was made governor of the north; present with his son at Falkirk and Culloden, 1746, after which they escaped to Sweden: Gask estates (forfeited) purchased for him, 1753; allowed to return, 1763.
^ Laurence Oliphant (1829–1888), novelist, war correspondent and mystic; born at Capetown; received a desultory education; travelled with his parents in France, Germany, Italy, and Greece, 1846-8: barrister in Ceylon; publishedJourney to Khatmandu 1852,The Russian Shores of the Black Sea and a Tour through the Country of the Don Cossacks 1853; secretary to Lord Elgin at Washington and in Canada, 1853-4; accompanied Lord Stratford de Redcliffe to the Crimea and represented The Times in Circassia; issued Minnesota and the Far West 1855,The Trans-Caucasian Campaign 1856,Patriots and Filibusters 1860 (describing adventures in Southern States); private secretary to Elgin in China; published Narrative of Mission to China and Japan in 1857-8-9 1859; plotted with Garibaldi in Italy, 1860; in Montenegro, 1861; when first secretary of legation in Japan visited Corea; visited Corfu and the Herzegovina, 1862, and Poland, Moldavia, and SchleswigHolrtein, 1863; contributed to "The Owl 1864; his satirical novel,Piccadilly which had appeared in 'Blackwood 1865, published, 1870: M.P., Stirling burghs, 1865-7; lived at Brocton or Salem-ou-Erie as Thomas Lake Harris's spiritual slave, 1867-70;Timescorrespondent in the Franco-German war; married Miss L'Estrange, 1872; commercially employed by Harris in America; wrote Autobiography of a Joint Stock Company 1876; publishedThe Land of Gikad 1880 (describing first journey to Palestine), andThe Laud of Khemi(Egypt), 1882; freed himself from theprophet Harris and recovered his land at Brocton, 1881; wrote 'Altiora Peto* at Haifa, 1883, where he formed a com munity of.ii-v.-ish immigrant*. and wveral mystical work*; on the d.-ath of his wife (1886) returned temporarily to England: publiBued "EpUodes of Adventure 1887; visited America and married Rosamond Dale Owen, 1888: k House, Twickenham, having finished IMigion.
^ Margaret Oliphant Oliphant 1828–1897), novelist and historical writer: n4- Wilson; published Passages in Life of Mrs. Margaret Maltlaud 1849, and Merklaud 1851; married her cousin, Francis Wthon Oliphant, 1852: began connection with firm of Messrs. Blackwood. and from 18*3 contributed to Blackwood's Magazine many novels, including Salem Chapel 1863, one of the series of four entitled Chronicles of Carlingford(issued anonymously, 186S-76); published Life of Edward Irving 1862; lived in perpetual embarrassment owing to her undertaking education and maintenance of her widowed brother's children in addition to her own two sons; edited series of monographs on foreign classics, for which she wrote volumes on Dante (1877) and Cervantes ( 1880). Her works include Memoir of Laurence Olipbant (1829-1888) and Alice Oliphant 1892, and Literary History of England in end of Eighteenth and beginning of Nineteenth Century 1882.
^ Thomas Oliphant (1799–1873), musical composer and writer; president of Madrigal Society, 1871; sung in Handel festival, 1834; publishedComment* of a Chorussinger bySolomon Sackbut 1834: published works on madrigals, also versions of Fidel ioLohengrin and other compositions.
^ Sir William Oliphant or Olifard (d. 1329), soldier; captured at Dunbar, 1296; forced to serve Edward I in Flanders, 1297; held Stirling Castle against him for ninety days, 1304; prisoner in the Tower of London, 1305; released by Edward II, 1308; held Perth for Edward II during six weeks against Bruce, 1312; returned to England, 1313; received grants from Brace, 1317 and 1326; present at Scots parliaments of 1320 and 1326.
^ Sir William Oliphant, Lord Newton (1681–1628), lord (king's) advocate; admitted, 1577; advocatedepute, 1604; gained favour of James VI by throwing np his brief for the six ministers, 1606; lord of session, 16111626; lord advocate, 1612-28; member of new high commission court, 1615: present procedure of examining witnesses originated by him.
^ Oliver of Malmesbury , otherwise Eilmer, Elmer, or Aethelmaer (fl. 1066), astrologer and mechanician; monk of Malmesbury; made himself wings and attempted to fly; prophesied on the great comet of 1066.
^ Oliver (d. 1219), bastard son of King John ; took part in defence of Dover, 1217; died on crusade at Damietta.
^ Andrew Oliver (1706–1774), lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts; graduated at Harvard, 1724; secretary of Massachusetts, 1756: hanged in effigy when distributor of stamps, 1765, and compelled to renounce collection; lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts, 1770-4; his letters to Thomas Whateley, one of the secretaries of the English treasury, laid before assembly by Franklin, 1772.
^ Archer James Oliver (1774–1842), portrait-painter and curator of Academy painting-school; A.R.A., 1807.
^ Emma Sophia Oliver (1819–1885), painter; wife of William Oliver (1804 ?-1853)
^ George Oliver (1781–1861), historian of Exeter; taught for eleven years at Stouyhurst; forty-four years Jesuit missioner at St. Nicholas, Exeter: created D.D. by Gregory XVI, 1844; published works, including History of Exeter 1821,Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Devon 3 vols., 1839, 1840, 1842, 4 Lives of the Bishops of Exeter 1861, and biographical notices of jesuite.
^ George Oliver (1782–1867), topographer and writer on freemasonry; bead-master of Grimsby grammar school, 1809; rector of Scopwick from 1831; perpetual curate of St. Peter's, Wolverhampton, 1834-46; rector of South Hyckham, 1846; deputy past grand master of Lincolnshire masons, 1832; D.D. Lambeth, 1836; published, among other books, topographical works on Great Grimsby, Beverley, and the collegiate church of Wolverhampton. His masonic works include Antiquities of Free-Masonry 123.History of Initiation 1829, Historical Landmarks of Freemasonry 1844-6, and Golden Remains of Early Masonic Writers, 1847-50.
^ Isaac Oliver, Olivier, or Ollivier (1556?-1617), miniature-painter: perhaps native of Rouen; pupil l.olas Milliard: iiii-ntioii.-l in Kram-is Meres's Palladis Tamia 1598: paintnl portraits, among others, of James I and his family. Sir Philip Sidney, and the family of Sir Kenelm Digby: drew portrait of Queen Elizabeth; his Entombment of Christ much admiral by MBtnmnriM,
^ John Oliver (d. 1652), dean of Christ Church, Oxford, and master in chancery; D.Can.L. and D.C.L. Oxford. 1522; Wolsey's commissary, 1527; held numerous preferments; employed in divorce proceedings, 1531-3; took part in trials of James Bainham and of Bishops Gardiner, Day, and Heath.
^ John Oliver (1601–1861), president of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1644-7 and 1660-1: fellow of Merton College, Oxford, 1620; M.A., 1622, D.D., 1639; dean of Worcester, 1660-1.
^ John Oliver (1616–1701), glass-painter and mastermason; one of the commissioner for rebuilding London after the fire.
^ John Oliver (1838–1866), Welsh poet.
^ Martha Cranmer Oliver, 'Pattie' (1834-1880), actress; performed children's parts at Salisbury and Southampton; appeared at the Marylebone, London, 1847; with Madame Vestris at the Lyceum, London. 1849-55; played Helen In The Hunchback at Drury Lane, London, 1856; in burlesques by Byron and Talfourd at the Strand. London, 1857-60; at the Haymarket, London, In Our American Cousin 1861; as managerese of the New Royalty, London, 1866-70, made a great hit with Burnaud's parody of Black-eyed Susan.
^ Peter Oliver or Olivier (1594–1648), miniature-painter; son of Isaac Oliver; finished his father's Entombment; his copy of Vandyck's portrait of Lady Southampton particularly fine.
^ Richard Oliver (1734?–1784), politician; born in Antigua; alderman of Billingsgate ward, London, 1770; sheriff, 1772; M.P. for the city, 1770-80; committed to Tower of London by commons, 1771; quarrelled with Wilkes; proposed vote of censure on American policy of ministers, 1775: died at sea on return from Antigua, whither he had been to look after his estates,
^ Robert Dudley Oliver (1766–1850), admiral; saw service in West Indies, 1782-3; promoted commander after capture of Revolutionnaire, 1794; posted, 1796; commanded Melpomene on French coast, 1803-5; towed prises from Trafalgar; served in second American war, 1813-14; admiral, 1841.
^ Thomas Oliver or Olivier (d. 1624), physician and mathematician; published New Handling of the Planisphere 1601, and De Sophismatum Praestigiis cavendis Admonitio 1603.
^ Thomas Oliver (1725–1799).See Olivers.
^ Thomas Oliver (1734-1815), lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts; graduated at Harvard; erected LoweUs mansion near Cambridge, Massachusetts; lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts, 1774; obliged to renounce his seat on council board after the seizure by the royal troops of the public stock of powder provided for the militia; proscribed, 1778; died at Bristol, England.
^ Tom Oliver (1789-1864), pugilist, the Chelsea Gardener; beat George Cooper, 1813, and Ned Painter, 1814; M rt l r I 816 and Bm Neat 1818 defeated Hendnck the black, but was beaten by Dan < ftJL?*! skelton ' bufc wa8 defeated & NI Painter, 1820; imprisoned for presence at a fight, 1846.
^ William Oliver (1659-1716), physician; studied at Leiden university; accompanied Monmouth's expedi; escaped to Holland and went to Poland; with William of Orange, *.,,,. ~- 1 fleet, 1693-1702, to Chatham Hospital, 1709 1714, Greenwich Hospital, 1714-16; published Practical --------, on Ferers 1704, and - racca Dissertation onth Water?;
^ William Oliver (1695–1764), physician; M.D. Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1725: F.R.S., 1730; Introducal by Ralph Allen to Pope, Warburton, and Borlase; physician to Bath Mineral Water Hospital, 1740 1761; invented the Bath Oliverbiscuit; published Practical Essay on Use and Abuse of Warm Bathing in Gouty Cases 1751; his Faint Sketch of the Life, Character, and Manners of the late Mr. Nashused by Goldsmith,
^ William Oliver (1804?–1853), landscape-painter ; published Scenery of the Pyrenees 1842.
^ Thomas Olivers (1725–1799), methodist preacher and hymn-writer; for twenty-two years itinerant preacher; supervisor of Wesleyan press, 1775-89: published tracts and composed the tuneHelmsleyand 'Hymn to the God of Abraham buried in Wesley's tomb.
^ Charles Ollier (1788–1859), publisher of Shelley's works and first poems of Keats; collected works of Lamb, and some by Leigh Hunt; also issued romances by himself,
^ Edmund Ollier (1827–1886), author; eon of Charles Oilier; published Poems from the Greek Mythology 1867; edited works by Lamb and Leigh Hunt; compiled for Cassell.
^ Sir Joseph Francis Olliffe (1808–1869), physician; M.A. Paris, 1829; M.D., 1840; physician to British embassy, 1852; knighted, 1852; an assessor at exhibitions of 1855 and 1862; friend of Count de Morny.
^ Alfred Ollivant (1798–1882), bishop of Llandaff; of St. Paul's School, London, and Trinity College, Cambridge; Craven scholar, 1820, sixth wrangler, 1821, and senior chancellor's medallist; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1824, D.D., 1836; vice-principal of St. David's, Lampeter, 1827-43; regius professor of divinity at Cambridge University, 1843-9; bishop of Llandaff, 18491882; restored his cathedral and formed Church Extension Society; an Old Testament reviser.
^ John Ollyffe (1647–1717), divine; B.C.L. New Inn Hall, Oxford, 1672; rector of West Aimer, 1673-93, of Duntoii, 1693-1717; published Essay towards a Comprehension 1701,Defence of Ministerial Conformity 1792 (against Oalamy), and other work.
^ John Luttrell Olmius, third Earl of Carhampton (d. 1829).
^ Domnhall O'Lochlainn (1048-1121), king of Ireland; king of Oilech, 1082; received submission of Connaught, 1088, of Munster and Meath, 1090; king of Ireland, 1090-1121; ruled Donegal from 1093; drove Danes from Dublin, 1094; repelled attacks on Ulster; defeated Leinstermen at Donaghmore, 1103.
^ Muircheartach O'Lochlainn(d. 1166), king of Ireland; grandson of Domhnall O'Lochlainn; defeated the O'Dubhdaa of Ulster, 1139; as chief of Cinel Eoghain defeated Ulidians at Dundrum, 1147; received submission of Dublin Danes and of Leinster, 1149, of Oonnaught, 1150; restored Turlough O'Brien In Munster, 1153; received as king at Dublin by the Danes, 1154; king of Ireland, 1156-66; attended synod of Mellifont, 1157; granted charter to Cistercian abbey of Newry, 1168; deposed king of Meath and defeated Connaughtmen at Ardee, 1159; received submission of Roderic O'Connor and Diarmaid MacMurchadha, 1161; killed in battle with the Ulidians in Armagh.
^ Sir Colman Michael O'Loghlen, second baronet (1819-1877), judge-advocate-general; son of Sir Michael O'Loghlen; Q.C. in Ireland, 1852; M.P., Clare, 1863: judge-advocate-general, 1868-70; privy councillor, 1868; carried bill admitting catholics to Irish chancellorship.
^ Sir Michael O'Loghlen, first baronet (17891842), Irish judge; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1809; called to Irish bar, 1811; O'Connell's favourite junior; K.O., 1830; bencher of King's Inn, 1832; Irish solicitor-general under Melbourne, 1834-6, attorney-general, 18351836; baron of the exchequer, 1836; master of the rolls in Ireland, 1837-42; first Roman catholic judge since James II's reign; created baronet, 1838.
^ Cuan O'Lothchain (d. 1024), chief man of learning (Primheices) to Maelseehlainu II; aftn w;ir. with Corcran Cleirech governed Ireland; wrote a.vniiiit of the kings of Tara.
^ Fearfeasa O'Maelchonaire (fl. 1636), one of th- authors of Ainuiir- iuatuor MaKixtrornm (Annuls of Kingdom of Ireland): rei-onlnl IIM- oi umr.than forty of Connaught hereditary bardx.
^ Connor O'Mahony, Cornelius or Constantine (fl. 1650). See Mahony.
^ Daniel O'Mahony (d. 1714), general in French ami Spanish service.*; left Ireland, 1692; when commanding Dillon's regiment under Villeroy saved Gremoua from the Austrians, 1702; promoted and pensioned by Louis XIV, and knighted by the Old Pretender: afterwards served under Vend&me; transferred to Spanish service, 1704; created marechal-de-camp, 1706; defended Alicante against Sir John Leake, 1706; commanded in Valencia and distinguished himself at head of Iri?h brigade at Almaimi; captured Alcoy, 1708: commanded Spanish in Sicily, 1709; commanded Gallo-Spanish cavalry at Saragossa and Villa Viciosa; created count of Castile and commander of lago and ennobled by Louis XIV; died at Ocana.
^ John O'Mahony (1816-1877), Irish politician; of Trinity College, Dublin; translated Eeating's Gaelic 4 History of Ireland 1857; seceded from O'Connell, 1845: joined Smith O'Brien, 1848, and fought on borders of Waterford and Kilkenny; fled to France; helped to found Emmet Monument Association in New York, 1854; cooperated with Stephens in formation of Fenian brotherhood, 1858, and directed the movement in America till 1867; died in New York, but was buried at Glasnevin.
^ George O'Malley (d. 1843), major-general; volunteer in Oastlebar yeomanry during Humbert's invasion, 1798; served with 13th foot at Ferrol and (1801) in Egypt; assisted in recruiting of 101st foot in Mayo, with which be served in New Brunswick and Jamaica, 1808-13; commanded second battalion 44th foot at Quatre Bras and Waterloo, being there wounded and created C.B.; major-general, 1841.
^ Grace O'Malley(1630?-1600 ?), Irish chieftainess (Graine Ui Maille in Irish); in local traditions Graine Mhaol; married, first, the chieftain of Balliuahinch, secondly, the chief of the Burkes of Mayo; famous as leader of expeditions by sea; allied with Sir Henry Sidney, 1576; captured by Desmond and brought to Dublin, 1577-8: eeized by Sir Richard Bingham for plundering Aran island, but was released; fled to Ulster; pardoned through Ferret's influence; died in great poverty.
^ Thadeus O'Malley (1796-1877), politician; as a priest several times suspended for advocating reforms in ecclesiastical discipline: supported Doyle's poor-law policy, and national education for Ireland; rector of catholic university, Malta; started The Social Economist 1845; disputed with O'Connell on repeal, and published the 'Federalist supported Butt's movement, 1870; issued 1 Home Rule on the basis of Federalism 1873.
^ Francis O'Maolmhuaidh (fl. 1660). See Molloy.
^ Barry Edward O'Meara (1786-1836), surgeon to Napoleon in St. Helena; assistant-surgeon with the 62nd foot in Sicily, Calabria, and Egypt; dismissed the army for participation in a duel at Messina, 1807; nayal surgeon on the Bellerophon and other ships; surgeon to Napoleon at St. Helena; dismissed (1818) for intrigues witli Napoleon; eulogised by Byron in Age of Bronze; partisan of Queen Caroline and O'Connell; wrote pamphlets against Sir Hudson Lowe and denounced his treatment of Napoleon in Napoleon in Exile 1822; published alsoObservations upon the Authenticity of Bourrienne's " Memoirs," * 1831.
^ Dermod O'Meara or Dermitius (fl. 1610). See Meara.
^ Edmund O'Meara (d. 1680).
^ Kathleen O'Meara (1839-1888), novelist and biographer; granddaughter of Barry Edward O'Meara ; lived in Paris; published MX novels, 1867-88, also lives of Frederick Ozanam, 1876, Madame Mohl, 1885, and
^ Sir John Acworth Ommanney (1773–1855)? admiral; present at UridportV engagement off Lorn nt. 1786: caused SwulMi ni.T.-lmnt ll.vt to be search, contraband of war, 1799; flag-captain on Newfoundland a. 1H04-G:;.n. for services at Navarino, 18*7; K.C.H.. 183H; coumiand.-r on Lisbon station. 1837-40, Malta, 1840–1, Devonport, 1851-4: admiral, 1849.
^ Albin O'Molloy or Alpin O'Moelmhuaidh (d. 1223), bishop of Ferns, 1187-1228; recommended by King John for archbishopric of Cashel, 1206; sent on mission to Connaught, 120H; attended council at Rome. 1215: excommunicated William Marshal, flrt earl of Pembroke, 1216.
'^ Francis O'Molloy (fl. 1660). See Molloy.
^ James O'Moran (1736-1794), lieutenant-general in French service: born at Elphin: served in Germany, 1760-1, and America, 1779-83; fought under Dumouriez, 1792; general of division (lieutenant-general), 1792; guillotined in the revolution.
^ Rory O'More (fl. 1554), Irish rebel (Ruaidhri og ua Mordha).
^ Rory O'More or Rury Oge (d. 1578), Irish rebel; son of Rory O'More (fl. 1554); pardoned, 1566; fought Ormonde and Queen Elizabeth at the same time, 1572; protected Desmond, 1672; implicated with Kildare, 1574; pardoned on submission to Sidney, 1576: attacked the Pale, 1677; with the O'Connors burned Naas and captured Harrington, but was afterwards defeated; killed by the Fitzpatricks.
^ Rory O'More (fl. 1620-1652), Irish rebel (called Roger Mourr or More); assisted in concerting rising of 1641: won victory at Julianstown, 1641; negotiated with gentry of the Pale at Crofty, 1641; outlawed, 1642; commanded confederate Irish in King's and Queen's counties, 1643; among Owen Roe O'Neill's followers, 1644; in arms against Kilkenny confederation, 1648; tried to effect arrangement between O'Neill and Ormonde, 1649; commanded foot in Connaught, 1650; had Clanricarde's commission as commander in Ldnster; driven into island of Bofin; said to have escaped to Scotland, but perhaps perished in Ireland; the most humane of the Irish leaders.
'^ Fearfeasa O'Mulconry(fl. 1636). See O'Maelchonaire.
^ Thomas O'Mullen (fl. 1685-1708). See John Taaffe.
^ Jeffrey Hamet O'Neal (fl. 1760-1772), miniature-painter.
^ Henry Nelson O'Neil (1817-1880), historical painter; exhibited at Royal Academy, British Inctitotion, and Society of British Artists; his Boaz and Ruth bought by Prince Albert, 1844; A.R.A., 1860: published 'Lectures on Painting 1866, Satirical Dialogues 1870, and other works.
^ Sir Brian MacPhelim O'Neill(d. 1574), chief of the O'Neills of Clandeboye; cousin of Shane O'Neill , against whom and other rebellious chiefs he fought in interests of English government: knighted, 1567: served against Turlough Luineach O'Neill, but joined with him in ravaging the Ards, 1572, on learning of the project of Sir Thomas Smith (1513-1577) to plant them with Englishmen; compelled by Walter Devereux, earl of Essex, to submit, 1672, but was again in rebellion, 1573; proclaimed traitor, 1574, and, having been pardoned, was put to death at Essex's instigation.
^ Charles Henry St. John O'Neill, second Viscount and first Earl O'Neill (1779-1841), grand master of Irieh Orangemen: son of John O'Neill, first viscount O'Neill; created earl, 1800; joint postmaster-general of Ireland, 1807.
^ Con Bacach O'Neill, first Earl of Tyrone (1484?-1559?), grandson of Henry O'Neill (d. 148) q. v.; invaded the Pale. 15LU but was conciliated by Surrey, the viceroy: defeated by O'Donnell, 1522. intrii:.. against Ormonde. 152*: supported rebellion ofSilken fhoma* 1534-5; nttacked Ardtflass. is;j7: with Ma O'Doonell invad.d tin- rale, but v;u defeated b Lord Leonard Orey at Bullahoe, 1539; again invaded toe Pate. 1541, but after three invasions of Tyrone subto St. Leper, went to England (1542), and was learl; privy councillor of Ireland, 1543, his authority Mbetqaently becoming diminished in Ireland; obliged to take refuge w.thm the Pale.
^ Daniel O'Neill (1612?-1664), royalist soldier; nephew of Owen Roe O'NeUl; became a protestant and frequented court of Charles I: wounded at siege of Breda, 1638; an active enemy of Strafford; captured by the SooU at Newburn, 1640; implicated in army plots; was impeached, but escaped from the Tower of London, 1642: fought at two battles of Newbury, 1643 and 1644, and at Naseby, 1645, and commanded Rupert's foot at Mantou Moor, 1644; accompanied Randal MacDonnell on mission to Ormonde, and became groom of the bedchamber to Charles I, 1644; went to Ireland and negotiated between Ormonde and Owen Roe, 1649; defended Trim, 1649; commanded Ulster army during Owen Roe's illness; made terms with Ireton: captured in Scotland bat released, 1650; joined in Charles IPs invasion of 1651; subsequently employed in royalist intrigues abroad, having great influence with Charles II; received pension and numerous grants of land at Restoration; postmastergeneral, 1663; nicknamed Infallible Subtle
^ Eliza O'Neill (1791-1872). See Eliza Becher.
^ Sir Felim O'Neill (1604?-1653). See Phelim O'Neill.
^ Flaithbheartach O'Neill (d. 1036), king of Ailech; son of Muircheartach; made war on Ulidians, Meatb, and the O'Donnells; went on pilgrimage to Rome, 1030.
^ Gordon O'Neill (d. 1704), Irish Jacobite; son of Sir Phdim O'Neill; lord-lieutenant of Tyrone, 1689; fought at Derry, the Boyne, and Aug hrim; afterwards colonel in French service.
^ Henry O'Neill (d. 1392), Irish chief; known as Knri aimhreidh The Contentious).
^ Henry O'Neill (d. 1489), chief of Cinel Eoghain; son of Owen or Eoghan O'Neill; captured by Neachtan O'Donnell, 1431; defeated the O'Donnells In Donegal, 1435; mutilated Brian O'Neill's sons; obtained HS*r JittrS 1442: dep08ed hi8 father and barne chief of Oinel Eoghain, 1455; recognised by England 1459; plundered Donegal; resigned chieftainship to his
^ Henry O'Neill (1800-1880), Irish archaeologist: published "The Most Interesting of the Sculptured Crosses of Ancient reUnd 1857, and Fine Arts and Oivilisatio* of Anoent Ireland 1863.
^ Hugh O'Neill (d. 1230), lord of Cinel Eoghain from 1197; defeated John de Courcy, 1199; deposed after defeat by Connahtmen at Ballysadare.
^ Hugh O'Neill, third Baron of Duncannon and second Earl of Tyrone (1540?-1616). grandson of Con *SS SK HZL*. n "~~ lived in c Kovernment, 1687: submitted urlo "iT"V7?J. Pl 08 * 1 ODfler re tr lnt in England for }l"f h Geimhleach, 1590: eloped with Mabel ._, 1691: came to terms with Turloncrh O'N'eill at S" 1 * 11 ** 1 NeU1 - 1M8: SS372d SL?7 Bagenml against Hugh Maguire q. vg? ted English outlawed; aTamr? R. Yeiu, w: unwillingly accoc signed treaty with the government, 1596, but negotiated with Spain, and was again attacked by the English, 1597; pardoned on submission to Ormonde, 1098; soon rebelled airain, defeated Bagenal, 1598, and invaded Minister in support of the Sugan Karl; made truce with Essex, 1599, but invaded Munster, 1600; received supplies from Spain, but w-s obliged to act on the defensive in Ulster, 1601-2, a price being set on his head; compelled to retreat north, 1603; submitted on promise of pardon, liberty, and restoration of estates, Iti03, abjuring title of O'Neill and all foreign relations; well received by James I at Hampton Court, 1603, but regarded with distrust on return to Ireland; on receipt of another summons to Kngland fled with Tyrcounel to France, 1607; compelled to withdraw to Spanish Netherlands; entertained at Rome by Pope Paul V from 1608 tillihis death, permission to return being refused him.
^ Hugh O'Neill (fl. 1642-1660), major-general; nephew of Hugh O'Neill (1540 P-1616); served in Spanish army: came to Ireland with Owen O'Neill, KJ42; captured by British, 1643; major-general of the Irish in Ulster Mac-Art, 1646-9; as governor of Olonmel, 1650, repulsed Cromwell's attack; obliged to surrender Limerick to Ireton, 1651; condemned to death, but reprieved as Spanish subject; after release from the Tower of London, 1652, returned to Spain.
^ Hugh O'Neill (1784-1824), architectural draughtsman; made drawings of buildings at Oxford and Bristol.
^ John O'Neill, first Viscount O'Neill in the peerage of Ireland (1740-1798), politician; created M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1762; M.P., Randalstown, 1761, 1769, and 1776, and afterwards for Antrim in Irish parliament, 1783 and 1790; one of the Ulster delegates to national convention, 1783; member of deputation of Irish parliament to offer regency in Ireland to George, prince of Wales, 1789; created baron, 1793, viscount, 1795; shot by rebels at Antrim in rebellion.
^ John O'Neill (1777?-1860?), shoemaker poet; wrote temperance verses and other works; his Drunkard 1840) illustrated by Cruikshank, 1842.
^ John Bruce Richard O'Neill, third Viscount O'Neill (1780-1855), general; second son of John O'Neill, first viscount O'Neill; M.P., Antrim, 1802-41 constable of Dublin Castle, 1811; representative peer, 1842.
^ Sir Neill O'Neill or Niall, second baronet (1658?-1690), Irish Jacobite; nephew of Richard Talbot, earl of Tyrconnel; raised regiment of dragoons for James II, 1687; present at siege of Derry, 1689: mortally wounded at the Boyne, 1690.
^ Owen O'Neill or Eoghan (1380 -l456), chief of Cinel Eoghain; imprisoned at Dublin, 1399: with the O'Donnells ravaged Tyrone and expelled the O'Neill, 1419; lelped English to attack Connaught, 1422, bnt ravaged Louth, 1423; after capture by Sir John Talbot acknowledged English suzerainty, 1425, but attacked English settlers again, 1430; chief of Cinel Eoghain, 14321455; defeated Brian Oge O'Neill, 1435; levied blackmail on the Pale, 1436; deposed by eldest son, 1455.
^ Owen Roe O'Neill (16907-1649), Irish general: nephew of Hugh O'Neill, second earl of Tyrone: served in Spanish army thirty years; chosen general by Ulstermen, 1642; defeated Scottish army under Monro at Benburb 1646; checked parliamentarians in Leinster, 1647; supported Rinuccini's opposition to treaty with Ormonde, and was declared an enemy by Kilkenny confederates, 1648; was acting with confederate catholics at his death.
^ Sir Phelim O'Neill(1604?-1653), Irish rebel (Feidlimidh ruadh); inherited property in Armagh and Tyrone; expelled from Irish parliament aa rebel, 1641; concerted rebellion with Antrim and nobles of the Pale, 1641; captured Obarlemont Castle, 1641; held responsible for outrages, but (1653) acquitted of Caulfeild's murder; chosen commander of northern forces of rebels; forged commission from Charles I, 1641; captured Lurgan and Strabane, but failed elsewhere, 1641; made governor of Meath and director of siege of Drogheda by lords of the Pale; proclaimed traitor, 1642; defeated (1642) at Glenmaquin and passage of the Black water; yielded command to Owen Roe O'NeUl, but intrigued with confederate catholics against him; supported Ormonde's pacific over* tures, 1646; nominated commissioner of trust for government of Ireland and governor of Cbarleinout, 1618; capitulated to parliament, 1650; betrayed and captured by (aulfeild in Tyrone, 1653; tried and executed as traitor at Dublin.
^ Shane O'Neill, second Earl of Tyrone, The Proud (1530?-1567), eldest son of Con Bacacb O'Neill ; refused to submit to supersession by his younger brother Matthew (Dungannon), and raised faction against him; intrigued with the Antrim Scots; expelled Inn father and Duugauuon, 1656; defeated by the O'Donnells, 1556; murdered bis brother, 1568; recognised by Queen Elizabeth on accession, but recognition revoked. 1560; captured Calvagh O'Donnell and harassed English army; attempts made to assassinate him by Sussex; signed treaty with Kildarc and went to England, 1562, making public submission to Queen Elizabeth, but Intrigued with Spanish; acknowledged as captain of Tyrone, 1562, but failed to keep conditions of restoration; made advantageous treaty with English at Drumcree, 1563; destroyed Scottish settlements in Antrim and captured chiefs of the MacDonnells, 1565; intrigued in support of Mary Queen of Scots; offered submission to France in exchange for help against England; invaded the Pale, but failed before Dundalk, 1566; burned Armagh, 1566: made overtures to Desmond and Argyll; defeated by the O'Donnells at Letterkenny, 1567; took refuge with the MacDonnells, taking back their chiefs with him; murdered by them at Cushendun, at instigation of governor of Carrickfergus, who obtained reward for his head.
^ Sir Turlough Luineach O'Neill (1530?-1595), lord of Tyrone; tried to supplant bis cousin Shane O'Neill, 1662; murdered Brian, baron of Dungannon, 1562; inaugurated O'Neill, 1567; protested loyalty, but allied himself with O'Donnell and MacQuillin; resisted colonisation of Antrim, 1572; signed treaty with Essex, 1575; a title proposed for him on recommendation of Sidney, but withdrawn in consequence of his ambiguous attitude; made another peace, 1580: but refused to surrender William Nugent; accompanied Perrot against the Scots, 1583, and agreed to surrender territory to Tyrone; defeated Tyrone when attacked by him at Carricklea, 1688; resigned chieftainship in his favour after some fighting, 1593; died when attempting to reach Dublin.
^ William Chichester O'Neill, first Baron O'Neill (1813-1883), musical composer; of Shrewsbury School; graduated at Trinity College, Dublin; son of the Rev. Edward Chichester; assumed name of O'Neill on coming into possession of family estates, 1835; peerage restored, 1868.
^ Arthur Onslow (1691–1768), speaker of the House of Commons; descendant of Sir Richard Onslow (1601-1664); of Winchester College and Wadhain College, Oxford; barrister, Middle Temple, 1713; recorder of Ouildford, 1737; whig M.P., Quildford, 1720-7, Surrey, 1728-61; speaker of the House of Commons, 1728-61: privy councillor, 1728; chancellor to Queen Caroline, 1729; treasurer of the navy, 1734-42; opposed regency bill, 1761; received annuity for three lives and freedom of the city, 1761; a trustee of British Museum; appended notes to Burnet and Hatsell.
^ George Onslow (1731–1792), politician; nephew of Arthur Onslow; lieutenant-colonel in foot guards, 1759; M.P., Guildford, 1760-84; opposed expulsion of Wilkes; took leading part in proceeding* against printers of parliamentary debates and was hanged in effigy, 1771; at first a supporter of Rockingbam, but afterwards of Graf ton and North; in favour of giving up Gibraltar.
^ George Onslow, first Earl of Onslow (1731-1814), politician; eon of Arthur Onslow; of Westminster School and Peter-house, Cambridge; M.A., 1766; M.P., Rye, 1751-61, Surrey, 1761-76; a lord of the treasury under Rockingbam, 1765; privy councillor, 1767; moved invalidation of Wilkes's election for Middlesex, 1769; nonsuited in action for libel against Home Tooke, 1770; awarded damages in new trial but judgment arrested on technical grounds, 1771; introduced bill taking away privilege from membersservants, 1770, but generally supported parliamentary privilege; created Baron Cranky, 1776, succeeding to Onflow barony the same year; comptroller of tbe household, 1777, and treasurer, 1779; lord f the bedchamber from 1780; present at marriage of George, prince of Wales with Mrs. FiUberbert, 1786; lord-lieutenant of Surrey; created earl, 1801.
^ George Onslow or Georges (1784–1853), musical composer; grandson of George Ouslow, flrt earl of Onblow; lived and died at Clermont-Ferrand, Auvergne; studied under Hullinuudel and J. B. Cramer in KnirUnd, and afterwards in Paris; original honorary member of London Philharmonic Society, 1812; president of the Institut de France, 1842; composed quintet*, symphonies, quartets, sonatas for pianoforte, and trios for piano, violin, and violoncello, beside, three operas.
^ Richard Onslow (1528–1571), speaker of the House of Commons; barrister, Inner Temple; recorder of London, 1563; M.P., Steyuing, 16*7-71; solicitorgeneral, 1566; speaker of the House of Common*, 1566-71; probable author of Arguments relating to Sea Landes and Salt Shores (edited, 1855).
^ Sir Richard Onslow (1601–1664), parliamentarian; grandson of Richard Onslow (1528-1671); knighted, 1624; M.P. for Surrey, 1628-9 and in Short and Long parliaments; raised a regiment for parliament, 1642; one of tbe colonels at siege of Basing House, 1644; libelled in Witber'sJusticiarius Justlficatus 1646; one of the secluded members, 1647, but sat in Cromwell's two parliaments; member of Cromwell's upper bouse, 1657, of Richard's parliament, 1659, and of tbe Convention parliament; intimate with Ashley Cooper (Shaftesbury).
^ Richard Onslow , first Baron Onslow (1654-1717), speaker of the House of Commons; grandson of Sir Richard Onslow (1601-1664); M.P., Guildford, 1679-87, Surrey, 1689-1710 and 1713-16, and St. Mawes, 1710-13; speaker, 1708-10: a lord of the admiralty, 16901693; privy councillor, 1710; chancellor of tbe exchequer, 1714-16; created peer, 1716.
^ Sir Richard Onslow , first baronet (1741–1817), admiral, brother of George Onslow (1731-1792); took part in repulse of D'Estaiug in tbe Cul-de-sac, 1778, and in reliefs of Gibraltar, 1781, 1782; second in command in North Sea, 1796; created baronet for bis services at Cainperdowii and given freedom of the city, 1797; G.C.B., 1815.
^ Thomas Onslow, second Earl of Onslow (1755-1827), M.P., Rye, 1775-84, Guildford, 1784-1806.
^ Thomas Onwhyn (d. 1886), humorous draughtsman and engraver; executedillegitimateillustration* to Dickens's works, 1837-8; illustrated works by Cockton and others.
^ Johannes Opicius (fl. 1497), writer of poems in praise of Henry VII.
^ Mrs Amelia Opie (1769–1853), novelist and poet; nee Alderson: sought in marriage by Thomas Holcroft ; married John Opie, 1798: her tale Father and Daughterwell received, 1801, also her poems, 1802; met Fox and other celebrities In Paris; published Adeline Mowbray (suggested by story of Mary Wollstonecraft), 1804, and Simple Tales 1806; wrote memoir of her husband, 1809; paid frequent visits to London and saw much good society; became a quaker under influence of the Gurneys, 1825; ceased writing stories after 1822, but issued Illustrations of Lying 1826, Detraction Displayed 1828, and Lays for the Dead 1833; much occupied in philanthropic movements; a street in Norwich named after her; intimate with Sydney Smith, Sheridan, Madame de Stael, and Lady Cork.
^ John Opie (1761–1807), portrait and historical painter; son of a Cornish carpenter; when employed as a travelling portrait-painter met Dr. Wolcot Peter Pindar; came with him to London, 1780; introduced to tbe court through Mrs. Boscaweu, and became fashionable as tbe Cornish wonder received commission from George III and painted many court ladies, 1782, when he began to exhibit at the Academy; elected A.R.A. after exhibition ofAssassination of Rizzio 1787; RJU 1788; much employed in illustrating; having divorced first wife married Amelia Alderson, 1798; lectured as professor of painting at tbe Academy, 1807; died chiefly of overwork; buried In St Paul's. He Minted Dr. Johnson three time*, also Fox, Burke, Southey, Bartoloni, Mr. Inchbald, an.1 M.. Shflloy.
^ Jeremiah O'Quinn (d. 1657), Irish presbyterian; M.A., Glasgow, 1644; as minister of Hilly. -u. Antrim, MMMBded lor rrfusiuc to mid tin- Helfant representation against execution of Charles I; after submission in prebytery, IMS, became intermediary between it nnd government.
^ Edward Oram (fl. 1770–1800), landscape-painter ; son of William Gram
^ William Oram (d. 1777), painter and architect; employed at Buckingham House and Hampton Court.
^ Princess of Orange (1631–1660). See Mary.
^ William Orcheyerd or Orchard (d. 1504), maaon and architect; employed by Wayneflete at Magdalen College, Oxford, and at Eton.
^ Craven Ord (1756–1838), antiquary; nephew of Robert Ord; rice-president of Society of Antiquaries and V.fLS,; assisted Gough, Nichols, and others; formed fine collection of impressions of brasses and of historical manuscripts; bis Suffolk collections in the British Museum.
^ Sir Harry St George Ord (1819–1885), colonial governor and major-general; served with royal engineers at Bomarsund, 1854: reported on naval works at Ascension, 1860: employed on West African questions, 1856-7;. lieutenant-governor of Dominica, 1857-60; governor of I the Bermudas, 1860-6; first colonial governor of Straits Settlements, 1867-73, of South Australia, 1877-9; major-general 1869; G.C.M.G., 1881.
^ John Ord (1729?–1814), lawyer and politician, son of Robert Ord; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1750, and lay fellow; barrister, Lincoln's Inn; master in chancery, 1778, and sometime chairman of committees in House of Commons; M.P. successively for Midhurst, Hastings, and Wendover (1774-90).
^ John Walker Ord (1811–1853), journalist and author; edited Metropolitan Literary Journal and Britannia; published poems and History and Antiquities of Cleveland 1846.
^ Robert Ord or Orde (d. 1778), chief baron of Scottish exchequer.
^ Orde 8m JOHN, first baronet (1751–1824), admiral; commanded Zebra at reduction of Philadelphia, 1778; present at reduction of Charleston, 1780; created baronet 790, for services as governor of Dominica (appointed 17K3): when third in command under St. Vincent made complaints of supersession by Nelson and Curtis: commanded squadron off FinHterre, 1804-5; admiral, 1805; M.r., Yarmouth (Isle of Wight), 1807-24.
^ Thomas Orde, afterwards Orde-Powlett, first Baron Bolton (1746-1807), chief secretary for Ireland; brother of Sir John Orde; while fellow of u? SV 1 C111101 **** portraits of local celebrities; M. A., 1773; barrister, Lincoln's Inn; F.S.A., 1775; M.P., Aylesbury, 1780-4, Harwich, 1784-96, and in Irish parliament for Rathcormack, 1784-90: drew up fifth report of secret committee on Indian affairs, 1781 secretary to the treasury under Shelburue, 1782; as Irish aecrery introduced propositions for commercial union with England, 1786, and carded scheme of Irish education, :.created peer, 1797; governor of Isle of Wight, 1791; lord-lieutenant of Hampshire, 1800; friend of Rom
^ Ordericus Vitalis or Orderic Vital (1075?), author of Historia Ecclesiastica: born in Bngland, but throughout his life a monk of St. Evroult, Normandy; visited Croyland and Worcester; his work ompleted, 1141 (valuable after jwriod of Norman Con Sw?h KfSiS'L'Z Dud "* ltjl. translated into French, 1825, and into English, 1853-5 (Bohu).
^ Ordgar or Orgar (d. 971), ealdorman of Devon.
^ Ordgar or Orgar (d. 1097?), English noble; accused Elgar Atheling of treason, aud was killed in combat with his champion.
^ Rowland Mason Ordish (1824-1886), engineer; made drawings for buildings of exhibition of 1851, and was employed in their re-erection at Sydcnham; patented straight chain suspension system for bridges, 1858; designed roofs of St. Pancras and other stations and of the Albert Hall; president of Society of Engineers, 1860.
^ Alexander O'Reilly (1722?-1794), Spanish general; born in Ireland; served against Austrians in Italy; in Austrian service against Prussians; joined French army, 1759, but soon re-entered Spanish service: served in Portuguese war, 1762; became governor of Havana and Louisiana; governor of Madrid during emeute of 1765; commanded disastrous expedition against Algiers, 1775; commander-in-chief in Andalusia and governor of Cadiz; died when about to lead army of Eastern Pyrenees against French.
^ Andrew O'Reilly(1742-1832), Austrian general of cavalry; born in Ireland; served in Bavarian succession war, and against the Turks and in Flanders; captured by French, 1796; distinguished himself in Italy, 1800, and at Ooldrerio, 1805; as governor of Vienna surrendered to Napoleon, 1809.
^ Edmund O'Reilly (1606-1669), Roman catholic archbishop of Armagh; prefect of college of Irish secular ecclesiastics at Louvain; vicar-general of Dublin, 1642-9; governor of Wicklow, 1642; deprived of vicar-generalship on suspicion of treachery, 1649, but restored, 1650; convicted of murder, 1654, but pardoned; archbishop of Armagh, c. 1654; lived at Lille till 1667; ordered to withdraw from Ireland, 1660; remained at Rome five years; attended Dublin synod, 1666; again banished, 1666; died at Saumur.
^ Edmund Joseph O'Reilly (1811-1878), Irish Jesuit provincial; studied at Rome; professor of theology at Maynooth, 1838-50; teacher at St. Beuno's college and in the Roman catholic university of Ireland; superior of Milltown Port, Dublin, 1859-78: Irish Jesuit provincial, 1863-70; his Relations of the Church to Societyissued, 1892.
^ Edward O'Reilly (d. 1829), compiler of Irish-English Dictionary (1817); published also Chronological Account of nearly four hundred Irish Writers 1820, and prize essays on the Brehon laws, 1824, and the authenticity of Macpherson's Ossian 1829.
^ Hugh O'Reilly (1580-1653), Roman catholic bishop of Kilmore, 1625-8, and archbishop of Armagh, 1628-53.
^ Hugh O'Reilly (d. 1695 ?).
^ John Boyle O'Reilly (1844-1890), Irish revolutionist and author; enlisted in 10th hussars, really as Fenian agent; sentenced to death by court-martial, but his sentence commuted to penal servitude, 1866; escaped from West Australia in American whaler, 1869; ufter cruising in Indian Ocean settled in Boston, Massachusetts; took part in O'Neill's invasion of Canada, 1870, and in organising rescue by the Catalpa of convicts in West Australia, 1876; edited thePilotand published four volumes of poems and the convict storyMoondyne 1880; died at Boston, Massachusetts.
^ Miles O'Reilly(pseudonym). See Charles Graham Halpin, 1829-1868.
^ Miles William Patrick O'Reilly (1825-1880), Irish politician; B.A. London, 1846; LL.D. Rome: commanded Irish brigade in papal service: ns M.r. for Longford (1862-79) supported Butt; assistant-commissioner of intermediate education, 1879; compiler of a work on Irish catholic martyrs, 1868.
^ Philip MacHugh O'Reilly (d. 1657?), Irish rebel; prominent in Irish parliament as member for Cavuii, 1C39-41; active promoter of rebellion in the county, though discouraging outrage; besieged In-h.-d:i and captured other places, 1,42; colonel under Owen Hoc O'Neill, his brother-in-law: commissioner in the confederate's treaty with royalists, 1646; captured, ir.17: served under Hugh O'Neill (jl. 1642-1660) at Clonmel, 1650; laid down his arms and went abroad, 1653; died at Louvain in Spanish service.
^ William Orem (Jt. 1702), author ol Description of the Chanonry, Cathedral, and King's Coll. Aberdeen printed, 1791.
^ Earls of Orford . Sec RUSHELL, EDWARD, 1653–1727: WAI.I-OLK, SIK KDUKHT, first HAUL of the second creation, 1G70-1715; WAU-OI.K, H.H.MI.., fourth EARL, 1717-1797.
^ Robert Orford (fl. 1890), Dominican writer.
^ Robert Orford (d. 1310), bishop of Ely, l:".f.i i:;n-j; i.i-iiop. HiiiL- in; refused continuation in see by Archbi.-lmp Winclidsra, but upheld by the pope after visit to Rome.
^ Mrs Mary Ann Orger (1788–1849), actress; nit Ivers; married George Orger, 1804; appeared as Lydia Languish at Dritry Lane, London, 1808; afterwards acted at the Lyceum, London; with Vestris at the Olympic and Covent Garden, London, but after 1816 usually seen at Drury Lane; excelled in broad farce.
^ Oriel, first Baron(1740–1828). See John Foster.
^ Amelia Opie (1769–1853), novelist and poet ; m: e Alderson: sought in marriage by Thomas Holcroft ; married John Opie, 1798: her tale Father and Daughterwell received, 1801, also her poems, 1802; met Fox and other celebrities In Paris; published Adeline Mowbray (suggested by story of Mary Wollstonecraft), 1804, andSimple Tales 1806; wrote memoir of her husband, 1809; paid frequent visits to London and saw much good society; became a quakcr under influence of the Gurneys, 1825; ceased writing stories after 1822, but issuedIllustrations of Lying 1826,Detraction Displayed 1828, andLays for the Dead 1833; much occupied in philanthropic movements; a street in Norwich named after her; intimate with Sydney Smith, Sheridan, Madame de Stael, and Lady Cork.
^ John Opie (1761–1807), portrait and historical painter; eon of a Cornish carpenter; when employed as a travelling portrait-painter met Dr. Wolcot Peter Pindar; came with him to London, 1780; introduced to tbe court through Mrs. Boscaweu, and became fashionable as tbe Cornish wonder received commission from George III and painted many court ladies, 1782, when he began to exhibit at the Academy; elected A.R.A. after exhibition ofAssassination of Rizzio 1787; RJU 1788; much employed in illustrating; having divorced first wife married Amelia Alderson, 1798; lectured as professor of painting at tbe Academy, 1807; died chiefly of overwork; buried In St Paul's. He Minted Dr. Johnson three time*, also Fox, Burke, Southey, Bartoloni, Mr. Inchbald, and Mrs. Shelley.
^ Jeremiah O'Quinn (d. 1657), Irish presbyterian; M.A.;ia.row, 1644; as minister of Hilly. -u. Antrim, MMMBded lor rrfusiuc to mid the Belfast representation against execution of Charles I; after submission in prebytery, IMS, became intermediary between it and government.
^ Edward Oram (fl. 1770–1800), landscape-painter; son of William Oram.
^ William Oram (rf. 1777), painter and architect ; employed at Buckingham House and Hampton Court.
^ Princkss of Orange (1631–1660).
^ William Orcheyerd or Orichard (d. 1504), mason and architect; employed by Wayneflete at Magdalen College, Oxford, and at Eton.
^ Craven Ord (1756–1838), antiquary ; nephew ot Robert Ord; rice-president of Society of Antiquaries and V.fLS,; assisted Gough, Nichols, and others; formed fine collection of impressions of brasses and of historical manuscripts; bis Suffolk collections in the British Museum.
^ Sir Harry St Ord . GEORGE (1819–1885), colonial governor and major-general; served with royal engineers at Bomarsund, 1854: reported on naval works at Ascension, 1860: employed on West African questions, 1856-7;. lieutenant-governor of Dominica, 1857-60; governor of I the Bermudas, 1860-6; first colonial governor of Straits j Settlement*, 1867-73, of South Australia, 1877-9; major- ( 1869; G.C.M.G., 1881.
^ John Ord (1729?–1814), lawyer and politician, son of Robert Ord; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1750, and lay fellow; barrister, Lincoln's Inn; master in chancery, 1778, and sometime chairman of committees in House of Commons; M.P. successively for Midhurst, Hastings, and Wendover (1774-90).
^ John Walker Ord (1811–1853), journalist and author; edited Metropolitan Literary Journal and Britannia published poems andHistory and Antiquities of Cleveland 1846.
^ Ord or ORDE, ROBERT (d. 1778), chief baron of Scottish exchequer.
^ Orde 8m JOHN, first baronet (1751–1824), admiral; commanded Zebra at reduction of Philadelphia, 1778; present at reduction of Charleston, 1780; created baronet 790, for services as governor of Dominica (appointed 17K3): when third in command under St. Vincent made complaints of supersession by Nelson and Curtis: commanded squadron off FinHterre, 1804-5; admiral, 1805; M.r., Yarmouth (lale of Wight), 1807-24.
^ Orde afterwards ORDE-POWLETT, THOMAS fln-t KARON BOI.TOX (1746-1807), chief secretary for Ire land; brother of Sir John Orde; while fellow of u? SV 1 C111101 **** portraits of local celebrities; M. A., 1773; barrister, Lincoln's Inn; F.S.A., 1775; M.P., Aylesbury, 1780-4, Harwich, 1784-96, and in Irish parliament for Rathcormack, 1784-90: drew up fifth report of secret committee on Indian affairs, 1781 secretary to the treasury under Shelburue, 1782; as Irish aecrery introduced propositions for commercial union with England, 1786, and carded scheme of Irish education, :.created peer, 1797; governor of Isle of Wight, 1791; lord-lieutenant of Hampshire, 1800; friend of Rom iw VITAL (1075 ?), author of Historia Ecclesiastica: born in Bng Und, but throughout his life a monk of St. Evroult Sonnandy; vWted Croyland and Worcester; his work ompleted, 1141 (valuable after jwriod of Norman Con Sw?h KfSiS'L'Z Dud "* ltjl. translated into French, 1825, and into English, 1853-5 (Bohu).
^ Ordoar or Orgar (d. 971 0, ealdonnauof ll b2ton. 8herlff
^ Ordgar or Orgar (d. 1097?), English noble; accused Elgar Atheling of treason, aud was killed in combat with his champion.
^ Rowland Mason Ordish (1824-1886), engineer : made drawingsfor buildings of exhibition of 1851, and was employed in their re-erection at Sydcnham; patented straight chain suspension system for bridges, 1858; designed roofs of St. Pancras and other stations and of the Albert Hall; president of Society of Engineers, 1860.
^ Alexander O'Reilly (1722?-1794), Spanish general; born in Ireland; served against Austrians in Italy; in Austrian service against Prussians; joined French army, 1759, but soon re-entered Spanish service: served in Portuguese war, 1762; became governor of Havana and Louisiana; governor of Madrid during emeute of 1765; commanded disastrous expedition against Algiers, 1775; commander-in-chief in Andalusia and governor of Cadiz; died when about to lead army of Eastern Pyrenees against French.
^ Andrew O'Reilly (1742-1832), Austrian general of cavalry; born in Ireland; served in Bavarian succession war, and against the Turks and in Flanders; captured by French, 1796; distinguished himself in Italy, 1800, and at Ooldrerio, 1805; as governor of Vienna surrendered to Napoleon, 1809.
^ Edmund O'Reilly (1606-1669), Roman catholic archbishop of Armagh; prefect of college of Irish secular ecclesiastics at Louvain; vicar-general of Dublin, 1642-9; governor of Wicklow, 1642; deprived of vicar-generalship on suspicion of treachery, 1649, but restored, 1650; convicted of murder, 1654, but pardoned; archbishop of Armagh, c. 1654; lived at Lille till 1667; ordered to withdraw from Ireland, 1660; remained at Rome five years; attended Dublin synod, 1666; again banished, 1666; died at Saumur.
^ Edmund Joseph O'Reilly (1811-1878), Irish Jesuit provincial; studied at Rome; professor of theology at Maynooth, 1838-50; teacher at St. Beuno's college and in the Roman catholic university of Ireland; superior of Milltown Port, Dublin, 1859-78: Irish Jesuit provincial, 1863-70; his Relations of the Church to Societyissued, 1892.
^ Edward O'Reilly (d. 1829), compiler of Irish-English Dictionary (1817); published also Chronological Account of nearly four hundred Irish Writers 1820, and prize essays on theBrehon laws, 1824, and the authenticity of Macpherson'sOssian 1829.
^ Hugh O'Reilly (1580-1653), Roman catholic bishop of Kilmore, 1625-8, and archbishop of Armagh, 1628-53.
^ Hugh O'Reilly (d. 1695?). See Reilly.
^ John Boyle O'Reilly (1844-1890), Irish revolutionist and author; enlisted in 10th hussars, really as Fenian agent; sentenced to death by court-martial, but his sentence commuted to penal servitude, 1866; escaped from West Australia in American whaler, 1869; ufter cruising in Indian Ocean settled in Boston, Massachusetts; took part in O'Neill's invasion of Canada, 1870, and in organising rescue by the Catalpa of convicts in West Australia, 1876; edited thePilotand published four volumes of poems and the convict storyMoondyne 1880; died at Boston, Massachusetts.
^ Miles O'Reilly (pseudonym). See Halpin or Halpine, Charles Graham, 1829-1868.
^ Myles William Patrick O'Reilly (1825-1880), Irish politician; B.A. London, 1846; LL.D. Rome; commanded Irish brigade in papal service: ns M.r. for Longford (1862-79) supported Butt; assistant-oommi*siouer of intermediate education, 1879; compiler of a work on Irish catholic martyrs, 1868.
^ Philip MacHugh O'Reilly (d. 1657 ?), Irish rebel; prominent in Irish parliament as member for Cavuii, 1C39-41; active promoter of rebellion in the county, though discouraging outrage; besieged In-h.-d:i and captured other places, 1,42; colonel under Owen Hoc O'Neill, his brother-in-law: commissioner in the confederate's treaty with royalists, 1646; captured, ir.17: served under Hugh O'Neill (jl. 1642-1660) at Clonmel, 1650; laid down his arms and went abroad, 1653; died at Louvain in Spanish service.
^ William Orem (Jt. 1702), author ol Description of the Chanonry, Cathedral, and King's Coll. Aberdeen printed, 1791.
^ Earls Ok Orford . Sec RUSHELL, EDWARD, 1653–1727: WAI.I-OLK, SIK KDUKHT, first HAUL of the second creation, 1G70-1715; WAU-OI.K, H.H.MI.., fourth EARL, 1717-1797.
^ Kobert Orford (Jt. 1890), Dominican writer.
^ Robert Orford (rf. 1310), bishop of Ely, l:".f.i i:;n-j; i.i-iiop. HiiiL- in; refused continuation in see by Archbi.-lmp Winclidsra, but upheld by the pope after visit to Rome.
^ Orger Miis. MARY ANN (1788–1849), actress; nit Ivers; married George Orger, 1804; appeared as Lydia Languish at Dritry Lane, London, 1808; afterward* acted at the Lyceum, London; with Vestris at the Olympic and Covent Garden, London, but after 1816 usually seen at Drury Lan; excelled in broad farce.
^ Oriel first BARON (1740–1828). See FOSTER, JOHN. J
^ Hugh de Orivalle (d. 1085), bishop of London, 1075-K5; a leper.
^ Earls of Orkney . See PAUL, d. 1099 ; SIM -I.AIK,, Henry Sir, first EARL, d. 1400?; SINCLAIR, Henry, second EARL, d. 1418; SINCLAIR, SIR WILLIAM, EARL OF CAITHXKSS, 1404V-1480; STKWART, ROBERT, d. 1593; STKWART, PATRICK, d. 1614; HAMILTON, LORD GBOBUR, 1666-1737.
^ Countess of Orkney (1657?–1733). See Elizabeth Villiers.
^ Duchess of Orleans , fifth daughter of Charles I. (1644-1670).
^ Adam of Orlton or Orleton (d. 1345). See Adam.
^ Orm or Ormin (fl. 1200?), author of 'Ormulum' (metrical paraphrases of the gospels of the year, with commentary); Augustinian mouk of north-east Mercia; unique manuscript of hisOrmulumin Bodleian, probably author's own copy (first printed by R. Meadows White, 1852).
^ Daniel Orme (1766?–1832?), portrait- painter and engraver to George III; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1797-1801, and at Manchester.
^ Robert Orme (1728–1801), author of History of the Military Transactions of the British Nation in Indostan from 1745 (vol. i. 1763, ii., iii. 1778); educated at Harrow; entered service of East India Company, 1743; as member of Madras council, 1754-8, recommended appointment of Olive to command against Suruj-ud Dowlah; commissary-general, 1757-8; captured by French on voyage to England, 1759; historiographer to East India Company; published Historical Fragments of the Mogul Empire, the Morattoes, and English Concerns in Indostan from 1659 (1782); intimate with Dr. Johnson; his collections of Indian tracts aud manuscripts preserved at India office.
^ William Orme (1787–1830), nonconformist biographer; aided in formation of Congregational Union of Scotland, 1813; pastor of Camberwell Green, London, 1824; foreign secretary of London Missionary Society, 1824; published memoirs of John Owen, 1820, William Kiffin, 1823, John Urquhart, 1827, and Life and Times of Baxter (posthumously, 1830).
^ Edward Latham Ormerod (1819–1873), physician; sixth son of George Onnerod: educated at Rugby aud Caius College, Cambridge; M.D., 1851; F.R.S., 1872 i physician to Sussex County Hospital, 1853; author of pathological papers in St. Bartholomew's Hospital Reports, and British Social Wasps 1868.
^ George Ormerod (1785–1873), author of History of the County Palatinate and City of Chester 1819: of Brasenose College, Oxford; D.C.L., 1818; F.R.S., 1819; published eneulogical works relating to Lancashire and Cheshire, and papers on Roman and British remains in Gloucestershire.
^ George Wareing Ormerod (1810–1891), geologist; sou of George Ormerod; M.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1836: published papers on Devonshire and Cheshire formation,.; indexed pub. Geological Society... 260
'^ Oliver Ormerod (1580?-1626), controversialist; B.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1599; held livings in Somerset; published treatises against puritans and Roman catholics.
^ William Piers Ormerod (1818–1860), anatomist and surgeon; son of George Ormerod; friend of Sir James Paget: demonstrator in anatom Bartholomew's, 1836-44; practised at Oxford; published 'Clinical Collections and Observations In Surgery 1846.
^ William de Ormesby or Ormsby (d. 1317), judge; justice in eyre for northern counties ot ~ 1 2:r; m.stice of king's bench, 1296; as justice of ticoUand carried out with some harshness Edward I's measures, and was attacked at Scone, 1297; chief of justices of trailbaston in Norfolk and Suffolk, 1305; continued to act under Edward II aud to be summoned to parliament.
^ Ormidale Lt HD (1802–1880). See Robert Macfarlane.
^ Ormin (fl. 1200?). See Orm.
^ Lord Ormiston (1656–1736). See Adam Cockburn.
^ Lord Ormond (1530?–1592). See David Chambers.
^ Dukes of Ormonde. See BUTLER, JAMES, first Duke 1610–1688; BUTLKII, JAMKS second DUKE, 166*1745.J
^ Ormond, first Earl of (1609–1656). See Archibald Douglas.
^ Earls of Ormonde . See BUTLER, JAM, second Earl 1331–1382 ; BUTLER, JAMKS, fourth EARL, d. 1452 Jajcbl Butur fifth EARL, 1420–1461 ; BUTLEK, JOHN, sixth EARL, d. 1478; BUTLER, SIR PIERCE, eighth EARL d. 1539; BUTLER, THOMAS, tenth EARL, 1532-1614; BUTLER, WALTER, eleventh EARL, 1569-1633; BUTLKR, JAMES, twelfth EARL, 161U-1688.
^ Sir James Ormonde (d. 1497), lord-treasurer of Ireland; natural son of James Butler, fifth earl of Ormonde; calledBlack James knighted for services in Ireland during Simnel's rising; lord-treasurer of Ireland, 1492-4; as acting head of his family engaged in constant feuds with Kildare aud the Geraldines; served with Poynings against Warbeck, 1494; killed by Kir Piers Butler near Kilkenny.
^ William de Ormsby (d. 1317). See Ormesby.
^ George Ornsby (1809–1886), antiquary; vicar of Fishlake, 1850; hon. M.A. Durham, 1872; F.S.A., 1873; prebendary of York, 1879; publishedSketches of Durham 1846, and Diocesan History of York 1882; edited Dean Granville'sRemains(vol. i. 1861, vol. li. 1866), and Cosin'sCorrespondence(two volumes), 1869-72.
^ Robert Ornsby (1820–1889), classical scholar and biographer: brother of George Ornsby; B.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1840; fellow of Trinity College, Oxford, 1843; M.A.; became a Romanist, 1847; tome time professor of Greek and Latin in Irish Catholic University; fellow of Royal University of Ireland, 1882; published lives of St. Francis de Sales, 1866, and of Jstnes Robert Hope-Scott, 1884; publishedThe Greek Testament from Cardinal Mai's edition of the Vatican Bible,* 1860.
^ Baron Oronsay (1793–1874). See Duncan McNeill.
^ Brian-na-Murtha O'Rourke (d. 1691), declared the O'Rourke, 1664; knighted and allowed to regain possession of Leitrim by the English, 1678, but rebelled, 1680; invaded Oonnauifht, 1680; refused to acknowledge the governor and protected refugee Spaniards, 1688; driven out by Sir Richard Hiugham, 15W;flil to Scotland, but wa given up by James VI and executed; generally identified with the proud Irish rebel of Bacon's essayOf Custom and Education
^ Brian Oge O'Rourke (d. 1604), natural son of Sir Brian-na-Murtlia O'Boorke, whom he succeeded as O'Rourke; made war on the English and the O'Donuells alternately.
^ Edmund O'Rourke (1814-1879). See Falconer.
^ Tiernan O'Rourke (d. 1172), king of Breifne (Tighearnan Ua Ruairc); made war on Meath and Oonnaught: expelled from chieftainship, 1141, but soon restored; attacked O'Connor and (1148) invaded Ulidia; bit wife carried off by O'Connor and Diarmait Mac Murchadha, 1152, but reparation made 1167; slain by Hugo de Lacy.
^ Hugh Orr (1717–1798), inventor of machines for cleaning flax-seed and for the manufacture of cotton; emigrated from Scotland to Bridgewater, Massachusetts, where he introduced the first trip-hammer and the first muskets.
^ James Orr (1770–1816), United Irishman and poet of Ballycarry; fought at Antrim, 1798: his song The Irishman erroneously attributed to Curran.
^ John Orr (1760?–1835), lieutenant-general of the Madras army; while governor of Pondicherry rendered important services to Sir Eyre Coote's army as commander of a flying column, 1780-4; afterwards commanded Lord Macartney's bodyguard; chief officer of 1st native cavalry In second Mysore war, 1790-2.
^ William Orr (1766–1797), United Irishman; charged with administering a treasonable oath to soldiers, 1796: tried at Carrickfergus, and though defended by Curran (who brought for ward affidavits of improper influence on the jury) convicted and executed; his memory popularised in Dreunan's poem.
^ Earls Op Orrery . See BOYLE, ROGER, first Earl 1621–1679 ; BOYI,E, CHAULKS, fourth EABL, 1676–1731 -. BOYLE, JOHN, fifth EAKL, 1707-1762.
^ Countess of Orrery ( 1746–1840). See Mary Monckton.
^ Benjamin Brogden Orridge (1814–1870), antiquary; member of court of common council of London, 1863-9; chief works, Account of Citizens of London and their Rulers, 1060 to 1807(1867), and Illustrations of Jack Cade's Rebellion (1869).
^ Jacobus Colius Ortelianus (1563–1628), nephew of Abraham Ortelius; a London silkmerchant; published De Statu Civitatis Loudineusis peste laborantis 1604, and other works.
^ Abraham Ortelius (1527–1598), map-maker of Antwerp; became intimate with Camdeii in England; geographer to Philip II of Spain, 1573; helped Humphrey Llwyd with map of England and Wales; published "TlMilliiiii Orbis Terrarum 1570; died at Antwerp.
^ Arthur Orton (1834 - 1898), the Tichborne claimant; youngest sou of a butcher at Wappiug; went to sea, c. 1849; deserted at Valparaiso; lived eighteen months at Melipilla and returned to England, 1851; entered his father's business; emigrated to Australia, 1852, and ceased to correspond with his family, 18*4; returned to England, 1866, at invitation of Lady Tichborne (*. 1868), widow of Sir James Francis Doughty Tichbornc, tenth barouet (d. 1862), who had convinced herself from descriptions that he was her eldest son Roger Charles, who was reported to have been drowned at sea in 1854, and whose will wad proved, 1855; was received by Lady Tichborue, who professed to recognise in him her long-lost son: brought ejectment action (1871-2) against Sir Henry Tichborue, twelfth baronet, and posthumous heir of Sir Alfred Tichborne, Sir James's younger sou, who bad succeeded as eleventh baronet, 1862, and died, 1866; at the trial, which lasted 102 days, Serjeant Hallantinc led for the claimant, and Sir John afterwards Lord chief-jiutice) Coleridge and Mr. Hawkins, Q.r. (afterwards Sir Henry Hawkins, lord Brampton), lor the trustee* of the Tichborne estates; filially Serjeant Ballantinc elected to be nou-suited; the claimant was accordingly arrested for perjury, was tried, 1873-4 (188 days), and was sentenced to fourteen years penal servitude, Mr. Hawkins leading for the crown aud Edward Vaughau Hyde Kenealy representing the claimant. He was released, 1884, and subsequently died in poverty in Maryleboue, after publishing (1895) in the People newspaper, a signed confession of his imposture, which he is said afterwards to have recanted.
^ Job Orton (1717–1783), dissenting minister; educated at Shrewsbury, where he was minister of a united congregation of presbyteriaus and independents, 1741-66; assistant to Doddridge at Northampton, 1739-41; afterwards retired to Kidderminster, where he kept up an extensive correspondence; published Memoirs of Doddridge 1766, and theological and devotional works.
^ Reginald Orton (1810–1862), surgeon to Suuderland Eye Infirmary; instrumental in obtaining repeal of glass and window duties; patented a lifeboat and reel life-buoy, 1845.
^ John Orum (d. 1436?), vice-chancellor of Oxford University, 1406 and 1408; D.D. University College, Oxford; canon of Wells, 1410; archdeacon of Cornwall, 1411; chancellor of Exeter, 1429-36; author of Lectures (Latin) on the Apocalypse
^ Osbald (d. 799), king of Northumbria, 796; outlawed after twenty-seven daysreign; fled to Lindisfarne, but left on Alcuhi's exhortation and became abbot among the Picts.
^ George Osbaldeston (1787–1866), sportsman ; master of hounds while at Brasenose College, Oxford; master of Quorn hounds, 1817-21 and 1823-8, afterwards of Pytchley; rode two hundred miles in ten consecutive hours, and fought duel with Lord George Bentinck, 1831; M.P., East Retford, 1812-18.
^ Lambert Osbaldeston or Osbolston (1594-1659), master of Westminster School; educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1619 (incorporated M.A. Cambridge, 1628); had joint-patent of mastership, 1621; master of Westminster School, 1625-39; prebendary of Westminster, Lincoln, and Wells; sentenced to the pillory, fine, and forfeiture, for letters reflecting on Laud, 1639; restored to benefices by Long parliament.
^ Richard Osbaldeston (1690–1764), bishop of Carlisle and London; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1714; fellow of Peterhouse, 1714; D.D., 1726; chaplain to George II and tutor to George III; bishop of Carlisle, 1747-62, of London, 1762-4; neglected Carlisle diocese and prohibited introduction of statuary at St. Paul's, London, patronised John Jortin
^ William Osbaldeston or Osbolston (1577–1645), divinity professor at Gresham College, London; brother of Lambert Osbaldeston; professor, 16101611; deprived of benefices by parliament.
^ Osberht, Osbrith or Osbyrht (d. 867), underking of Northumbria; deposed, 866; defeated and slain by Danes at York, together with his rival, Aella (d. 867).
^ Osbern (fl. 1090), hagiographer; sub-prior and precentor of Christ Church, Canterbury; compiled lives of Dunstan, Alphege, and Archbishop Odo of Canterbury, under Lanfranc's direction; treatise* on music also attributed to him.
^ Osbern or Osbert (d. 1103), bishop of Exeter, and chancellor in early years of William I; brother of William Fitzosbert; chaplain to Edward the Confessor; bishop of Exeter, 1072-1 103.
^ Claudianus Osbern (fl. 1148), classical scholar ; monk of Gloucester under Hamelin.
^ Osbert of Stoke (fl. 1136). See Osbert de Clare.
^ Osborn Wyddel (the Irishman)(fl. 1280), founder of Merionethshire families; migrated from Ireland, and was perhaps a Geraldine.
^ Elias Osborn (1643–1720), quaker; imprisoned or non-payment of tithes, 1670; built meetiug-house at Ilminster; imprisoned, 1680; subsequently preached in western counties; his autobiography published, 1723.
^ George Osborn (1808–1891), president of Wesleyan conference, 1863 and 1881; professor of divinity ut Kii-hinund College, 1KGH-85; published Poetical Work? of J. and Wrsli-y lHC,and -Outline* of NVexlvyan Bibliography 1869.
^ John Osborn (1584?–1634?), worker in pressed horn and whalebone; settled at Amsterdam, 1600.
^ Robert Durie Osborn (1835–1889), orientalist and soldier; saw service in the Indian mutiny, 1857-9, and served in Afghan campaign of 1879; retired as lieutenant-colonel, 1879; published Islam under the Arabs 1876, andIslam under the Khalifa of Baghdad 1K77, also Lawn Tennis 1881, and other work*; wlu-n editor of the Statesman 1879-80, opposed Lord Lytton's Indian policy.
^ Sherard Osborn (1822–1875), rear-admiral and author; commanded tender at blockade of Quedah, 1838-9; served in Chinese war, 1840–3; commanded the Pioneer steam-tender in Captain Austin's arctic expedition, 1850-1, and in Sir Edward Belcher's expedition, 1852-4; O.B. for services against Russia in Sea of Azov, 1855; escorted gunboats to Canton, 1857, and took Lord Elgin to Shanghai, Yedo, and up the Yangtze to Hankow, 1858; managing director of Telegraph Construction Company, 1867-73: rear-admiral, 1873; member of the Arctic Committee of 1874-5; published Last Voyage and Fate of Sir John Franklin and other works on Arctic exploration (collected, 1865).
^ Dorothy Osborne, afterwards Lady Temple (1627-1695). See Dorothy Temple.
^ Sir Edward Osborne (1530?–1591), lord mayor of London: said to have rescued infant daughter of Sir William Hewett from the Thames when apprentice, c. 1545; married her, and succeeded to Hewett's business and estates; traded with Spain and Turkey: obtained incorporation of Turkey company, and was its first governor; president of St. Thomas's Hospital, London, 1586-91; alderman of London, 1573, sheriff, 1575, lord mayor, 1583; knighted, 1584; M.P. for the city of London, 1586; ancestor of first Duke of Leeds.
^ Francis Osborne (1593–1659), author of Advice to a Son 1656; master of horse to William Herbert, third earl of Pembroke; afterwards in office of lord treasurer's remembrancer, and employed under Commonwealth at Oxford; friend of Hobbes; his Advice ridiculed by John Heydon (Jl. 1667), but one of the most popular contemporary works; published also Traditional Memoirs of Reigns of Queen Elizabeth and King James I 1658, and other works (first collected, 1673).
^ Francis Osborne, fifth Duke of Leeds (1751-1799), politician; of Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1769; D.O.L., 1773; as Marquis of Carmarthen represented Eye and Helston, 1774-5; called to House of Lords as Baron Osbome of Kivetou, 1776, but known as Carmarthen till his succession to dukedom, 1789; lord chamberlain to George Ill's queen, and privy councillor, 1777: dismiss! from lord-lieutenancy of East Riding of Yorkshire for opposition to Lord North, 1780; restored by second Rockingham ministry and named ambassador extraordinary to Paris, 1782; foreign secretary under Pitt, 1783-91, resigning on question of Russian armament; took part in negotiations for coalition between Pitt and Fox, 1791; his Political Memoranda printed, 1884.
^ George Alexander Osborne (1806–1893), pianist and composer; appointed instructor to eldest sou of Prince of Orange by influence of Prince de Chimay; as chapel-master of Prince of Orange at Brussels gave successful concerts, and collaborated with De Bcriot; captured by revolutionists, 1830; while in Paris (1831-44) intimate with Berlioz and Chopin; accompanied Chopin in F minor concerto, 1832; returned to England (1844) where he played, taught pupils, and composed chamber and violin music, overtures, and two operas; his Pluie de Perles published in Paris.
^ Henry Osborne or Osborn (1698?-1771), admiral; present in action off Cape Passaro, 1718; commanded the Princess Caroline in Toulon action, 1744: commamler-in-elnef on Leeward Island! station, 174H; in Mfliterranenn, 1757-8. where he capturvd two French ships; a-lniirul of the white and rice-admiral of England,
^ Peregrine Osborne, second Duke of Leeds (1658-1729), vice-admiral; created Viscount Osborne in h peerage, 1674: summoned to parliament as Baron Osborne of Kiveton, 1690, but known a* Earl of Danny, 1689-94, and Marquii of Carmarthen, 16941712 {captain of the Windsor Castle at Barnenr, 1692: led covering squadron at attempted landing in Camaret Bay, 1694: allowed valuable East Indiaman to be captured, 1695; vice-admiral of the white, 1702; succeeded to dukedom, 1712.
^ Peter Osborne (1521–1892), keeper of the privy purse to Edward VI: of Cambridge and Lincoln Inn; barrister; friend of Sir John Cheke and other leading reformers: ecclesiastical commissioner, 1566; M.I, llnrsham, 1562-3, Plyrapton, 1572, Aldeburgh, 1684-6, and Westminster, 1588; an authority on commercial matters; executor of Archbishop Parker; member of commission of oyer and termiuer, 1570.
^ Sir Peter Osborne (1684–1663), governor of Guernsey: grandson of Peter Osborne; knighted, 1611: M.P., Corfe Castle, 1623-4 and 1625: held Canto Cornet (Guernsey) for Charles I till 1646.
^ Ralph Bernal Osborne (1808–1882). See Bernal Osborne.
^ Ruth Osborne (1680–1751), reputed witch; died from effects of ducking by mob at Longmarstone, Buckinghamshire: a chimney-sweep hanged for her murder at Tring; last victim of English belief in witchcraft,
^ Lord Sidney Godolphin Osborne (1808-1889), philanthropist; of Rugby and Brasenose College, Oxford; B.A., 1830: rector of Stoke Pogis, 1832, of Durweston, Dorset, 1841-75; visited the Nightingale hospitals at Scutari during Crimean war and western Ireland during the famine; as S. G. 0 addressed letters to The Times on agricultural, social, educational, and other matters (selection issued, 1888); published various works.
^ Sir Thomas Osborne successively first Earl of Danby, Marquis of Carmarthen, and Duke of Leeds (1631-1712), statesman; great-grandson of Sir Fxlward Osborne; succeeded to baronetcy and Yorkshire estates, 1647; introduced at court by Buckingham; high sheriff of Yorkshire, 1661; M.P., York, 1665; attacked lord-chancellor Clarendon; treasurer of the navy, 1671; made privy councillor and a Scottish peer, 1673, and soon after lord high treasurer of England and a British peer; created earl and lord-lieutenant of the West Riding, 1674; managed the House of Commons during his five yearsadministration by corruption, and enriched himself, but tried to maintain national credit and to neutralise French influence: failed to pass proposal to make profession of passive obedience necessary qualification for office, 1675; K.G., 1677; made peace with Holland and promoted marriage of Mary, the Duke of York's daughter, with William of Orange, 1677; obliged to connive at secret treaty between Charles II and Louis XIV, 1676, and to demand Charles II's pension from France, 1678: impeached, 1678, after betrayal by Ralph Montagu of his letters to Louis XIV, being also charged with concealing thePopish plot: received pardon from Charles II under great seal and promise of marquisate on resignation, 1679, but his impeachment being revived in new parliament, although the trial was not proceeded with, he was kept prisoner in the Tower of London: was accused by Gates of plotting murder of Godfrey: refused bail in 1682 and 1683, but granted it, 1684, and released from Tower: resumed seat in House of Lords. 1685; on the dismissal of Halifax (1685) joined the opposition to James II, became reconciled with the whigs, signed the invitation to William of Orange, and secured York for him, hut supported the claim of the Princess Mary (Mary II) to the crown: lord-president of the council, 1689-99, being virtually prime minister, 1690-5; created marquis, 1689, and duke, 1694; lordlieutenant of Yorkshire, 1692-9: bitterly attacked by whigs and accused of Jacobite intrigues; supported Triennial bill, 1694; impeached for receiving bribe to . iuiru-r, 1695, but proceedings not concluded; created D.O.L. of Oxford and cmum - m rof trade, 1696: discouraged attainder of Fen wick: att.-u-k.il Halifax in House of Lonls, 1702; granted pension, 17U); published defences of his conduct under Charles II, 1710; left large fortune; his papers acquired by British Museum, 1869.
^ Thomas Osborne (d. 1767), bookseller; at his shop in Gray Inn Gateway issued Richardson's Pamela; the catalogue (1743-6) of the Harleian Library purchased by him. and the Harleian Miscellany(1744-6): tttirifwd in the Dnnciud: principal bookseller of his time, but ignorant of books; beaten by Dr. Johnson for .ii.;. rM.. i, v.
^ William Osborne (1736–1808), man-midwife; practised as surgeon and became M.D. of St. Andrews, 1777; lectured on obstetrics, and published Essay on Laborious Parturition 1783; opposed Caesarian section.
^ Sir George Osborne Morgan (1826–1897). See Morgan.
^ Osbrith (d. 867). See Osberht.
^ Osburga or Osburh (fl. 861), wife of Ethelwulf, king of the West-Saxons, ami mother of Alfred the Great and three other kings.
^ Osgar, Oscar or Ordgar (d. 984), abbot of Abingdon, 963-84; brought Benedictine rule from Fleury; finished buildings begun by Ethelwold.
^ Osgith or Osyth (fl. 7th cent.?) See Osyth.
^ Adam de Osgodby (d. 1316), keeper of the rolls of chancery, 1296-1316, and temporary keeper of great seal under Edward I and Edward II; held numerous offices and attended Edward II's council in later years.
^ Osgod Clapa (d. 1054), thegn in the service of Cnut; outlawed by Edward the Confessor, 1046; took service with Swegeu Estrithson of Denmark, and harried Essex coast, 1049; died probably in England; Clapham said to be named from his house there.
^ William Osgoode (1754–1824), Canadian judge; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1777; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1779; publishedRemarks on Laws of Descent 1779; chief-justice of Upper Canada, 1792-4, of Lower Canada, 1794-1801; as president of committee of public lands carried on contest with Prescott (lieutenantgovernor), who espoused cause of French Canadians; member of royal commissions on courts of law.
^ Sir John O'Shanassy (1818-1883), Australian statesman; left Ireland, 1839; settled in Melbourne, 1846; agitated for separation from New South Wale and against penal settlements; member for Melbourne in legislative council, 1861: member of gold commiss; on 1886; elected for Melbourne and Kilmore to first leeislaSSTSS 1 * Victoria. 185; Premier of Victoria, 1867, 1868-9, and 1861-3; member of legislative council for central province, 1868-74; K.C.M.G., 1874; supported free trade, immigration, and Australian federation; negotiated first Victorian loan and carried Crown Lands Act (1862) and Local Government Act.
^ Arthur William Edgar O'Shaughnessy (1844-1881), poet and herpetologist; assistant in zoological department, British Museum, from 1803; published Epic of Women 1870, Lays of France 1872, and Music ami Moonlight 1874: collaborated with wife inToyland 1875; English correspondent ofLe Livre
^ William O'Shaughnessy (1674-1741), general in French service; of Gort, 06. Galway -went to France with Daniel O'Brien's Irish brigade, 1696; served ben*
^ William Brooke O'Shaughnessy (1808-1889) director-general of Indian telegraphs; Brooke, 1861; M.D. Edinburgh, 1830: F.H.S., 1843; sometime surgeon in Bengal army and professor of .-lii-iiustry at Calcutta; laid down first Indian telegraphs as director-general, 1863; knighted, 1866; published works on chemistry.
^ Oshere (fl. 680). under-king of the Hwiccii.
^ Oskytel (d. 971), bishop of Dorchester, 950, and archbishop of York, 956-71; invited Oswald (d. 992) to live with him, 958, and learnt from him Benedictine rule.
^ Oslac (fl. 954–975), Northumbrian earl; ruled Deirn under Edgar, 954-75; styled the great earl in Saxon Chronicle; banished, 975.
^ Edward Osler (1798–1863), author of Life of Admiral Viscount Exmouth (1835); house-surgeon at Swansea Infirmary, 1819-25; when naval surgeon visited West Indies and wrote The Voyage a poem; collaborated with William John Hall in the Mitre HymnBook publishedChurch and King editedRoyal Cornwall Gazette from 1841.
^ Osmund (fl. 758), king of the South-Saxons.
^ Osmund (fl. 803), bishop of London.
^ Osmund or Osmer (d. 1099), bishop of Salisbury; accompanied his uncle, William of Normandy, to England; acted as chancellor, 1072-8, and was employed in Domesday survey; bishop of Salisbury, 1078-99; consecrated Sarum Cathedral, 1092; founded chapter on Norman model and drew up an Ordinal and Consuetudinary for the diocese Use of Sarum); canonised, 1457, when his bones were translated to Salisbury; Register of St. Osmund printed, 1883-4.
^ Osred (697?–716), king of Northumbria, 705-16, succeeding his father, Aldfrith, after Eadwulf s short usurpation; ruled with violence; slain in battle with his kinsman, Cenred.
^ Osred (d. 792), king of Northumbria; succeeded Alfwold, 788, but was captured, tonsured, and banished to Man by Ethelred, 789; returned secretly, but was taken and put to death.
^ Osric (d. 634), king of Deira, 633-4 ; cousin of Edwin of Northumbria; defeated and slain by Otedwalla (d. 634)
^ Osric (d. 729), king of Northumbria ; grandson of Oswy; sometimes identified with Osric, king of the Hwiccii; founded Gloucester Abbey.
^ Ossian or Oisin, legendary character in Gaelic literature: said to have been associate of Fionn and other third-century warriors at court of Tara and to have related their exploits to St. Patrick; Macpherson's translations inconsistent with accurate knowledge of Gaelic literature.
^ Ossington, first Viscount (1800–1873). See John Evelyn Dennison.
^ Earls of Ossory . See BUTLKR, SIR PIERCE or Pikrs first EARL, d. 1639; BUTIJSR, THOMAS, third Earl 1532–1614 ; BUTLKK, WALTKR, fourth EARL, 1569–1633; BUTLKU, JAMRH, fifth EARL, 1610-1688.
^ Earl of Ossory styled (1634-1880). See Thomas Butler.
^ Lord of Ossory (d. 888).
^ William Ostler (fl. 1601–1623), actor; when one of the children of Queen Elizabeth's chapel, played in Jonson'sPoetaster 1601; appeared also in the Alchemist 1610, andCatiline 1611; played Antonio in Duchess of Malfy c. 1616.
^ Ostrith or Osthryth (d. 697), queen of Mercia; daughter of Oswy; married Ethelred, son of Penda of Mercia, 675; removed bones of St. Oswald to Bardney Abbey; murdered by Mercian nobles.
^ Donall O'Sullivan or O'Sullivan Beare (1560-1618), chief of the O'Sullivans of Beare co. Cork held Dunboy Castle with Spanish garrison against Sir George Oarew, 1602; after its capture retired to Glengariff and Ulster; ennobled by Philip III of Spain; killed by a refugee at Madrid.
^ (Sir) John O'Sullivan(fl. 1747), adjutant-general to the Young Pretender; served In French army during war of Austrian succession; assisted Lochiel in capture of Kdinbtiivli, 17 ir,. and drew up rebel army at Culloden, 1746; after wards, escaped to France; knighted by the Pretender, 1747.
^ Mortimer O'Sullivan (1791?-1859), Irish protestant divine; M. A. Trinity Colliya, Dublin, 1H32; Donellan liM-turer, 1851; pn-i..-n.lary of St. Patrick 1 -*, 18*7-30: chaplain to the earl of Carlisle when viceroy; published in answer to MooreCaptain lUx-k Detect.-.! i Mjuide to an Irish Gentleman in S-ar. -h oi.. it.-liifion 1 (1833), and to Newman. -Theory of Developments in Christian Doctrine applied and tested* 184ti), and with William PlieUmDigest of Evidence on State of Ireland (1826).
^ Philip O'Sullivan or O'Sullivan Beare (15907-1660?), author; nephew of Donall O'SulIivan or O'Sullivau-Beare; educated at Compostella; served with Spanish fleet: published Historise Catholic* Iberniae Compendium, 1621, a life of St. Patrick, 1629, and other works.
^ Samuel O'Sullivan (1790-1861), Irish divine and author: brother of Mortimer O'Sullivan; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1825: chaplain to Koyal Hibernian Military School, Dublin, 1827.
^ Thomas Herbert O'Sullivan (d. 1824), soldier of fortune; son of (Sir) John O'SulIivan; served with John Paul Jones, 1779, and in the British army; died a major in the Dutch service at the Hague.
^ Oswald or Osuuald, Saint (605?–642), king of the Northumbrians; son of Ethelfrith; on bis father's death fled to Iona and became Christian; defeated Credwalla (d. 634) at Hefenfelth, near Hexham, 634, where he set up a cross; became king of all Northumbria, 634; helped Aidan to spread Christianity, adopting the Scottish rite; completed Edwine's church at York; said to have been over-lord of Strathclyde;.exercised authority over the Trent Valley and in Lindsey; his supremacy acknowledged by West-Saxons and probably by Kent; calledsixth Bretwaldaby Bede andemperor of all Britainby Adamnan; defeated and slain by Penda of Mercia; his body translated from Bardney to monastery founded in his honour by Ethelfleda at Gloucester, 909; his head and hands carried to Bamborough, where they were venerated; the head taken to Lindisfarne and carried thence in St. Cuthbert's coffin to Durham, 1104.
^ Saint Oswald (d. 992), archbishop of York ; nephew of Archbishop Odo (". 959); when head of secular house at Winchester went to Fleury to learn the Benedictine rule; accompanied Oskytel to Rome, 959, and afterwards assisted him at York; bishop of Worcester, 961-92; co-operated with Duustan and Ethel wold in replacing married clergy by monks, but showed moderation in reforms; founded monasteries at Westbury, Worcester, Winchcombe, and the Isle of Ramsey: archbishop of York, 972-92; took part in coronation of Eadgar, 973; removed bones of Pt. Wilfrid from Ripon to Worcester; encouraged learning.
^ Oswald or Oswold (fl. 1010), monk of Ramsey; nephew of St. Oswald (d. 992); studied at Fleury and visited abbeys in France; enjoyed great repute as scholar and was probably author of Vita S. Oswaldi and of the Worcester manuscript at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge.
^ Oswald (d. 1437), priest of the Charterhouse, Perth, 1429-37; friend of Gerson.
^ George Oswald (d. 1819), rector of Glasgow University, 1797; nephew of Richard Oswald
^ James Oswald (1715–1769), politician and friend of Adam Smith; called to Scottish bar, 1740; M.P.,Kirkcaldy burghs, 1741-7 and 1754-68, Fifeshire, 1747-54; Scottish commissioner of the navy. 1744; commissioner of trade, 1751-9; a lord of the treasury, 1769-63; privy councillor and joint vice- treasurer in Ireland, 1763.
^ John Oswald (d. 1793), republican pamphleteer; served with the 42nd higblauders in America and India: joined the Jacobin Club at Paris; published poems and pamphlets, political it Pont-. lied at head of his
^ Sir John Oswald (1771-1840), general; grandson of James Oswald; took part in capture of: Wt Indies, 1794:.omn.an.l.xl 3&tti regiment In Hll:ti:.i. 1799, ami at reduction f Malta, 1800; rommandrd l.riMalda, 1806! captured Scylla Oastle, 1806; 1*1 attit.-k n Alexandria and defended Rosetta, 1807; commanded reserve in capture of Ischla and Procida, 1809: directed capture of Ionian inland*, 1809: drove French from Santa Maura, iKlu: h.-M temporary command of the 5th division in the Peninxula, 1812-13; Q.C.I general, 1837; G.O.M.G., 1838.
^ Richard Oswald (1706–1784), merchant and politician; commissary to Brunswick's army in Seven yearswar; introduced by Adam Smith to Shelburne: Shelburne's agent in negotiations with Franklin at Paris. 1782, and was chief negotiator of the treaty with United States.
^ William Cotton Oswell (1818–1893), African explorer: educated at Hntrby and the East Indian College, Haileybury: during his ten years in Madras civil -trvi.-e won reputation as linguist and elephant hunter; spent two years furlough in hunting over unexplored South Africa: took part in Livingstone's discovery of Lake Ngami, 1849, and the Zambesi, 1861; during Crimean war carried secret-service money from Lord Raglan to Sir Lintorn Simmons at Shumla: contributed African chapter to 0. P. Wolley's Big Game Shooting
^ John Oswen (fl. 1548–1553), printer at Ipswich and Worcester; issued, among other publications, Cranmer's New Testament, 1550.
^ Lord of Oswestry (1223–1267). See John Fitzalan.
^ Oswin or Oswini (d. 651), last king of Deira; son of Osric (d. 634); recalled from exile in Wessex, 642, and ruled Deira under Penda, but helped St. Aidan; betrayed by Htmvald to Oswy, king of Bernicia, and murdered at Ingetlingum (Gilling): said to have been buried at Tynemoutb, where he had a shrine.
^ Oswulf or Osulf (d. 758), king of Northumbria; succeeded his father, Eadberht, who resigned the kingdom to him, 758; assassinated by the men of his household.
^ Oswulf or Osulf (d. 1067), earl of Bernicia under Morcar, 1065-7; slew Copsige, his dispossessor, but was himself slain soon after,
'^ Oswy,' Osuiu, Oswiu, Oswio, Osguid, Osweus, or Oswius (612?–670), king of Northumbria; younger son of Ethelfrith; baptised in loua; became king of Bernicia, 643; had constant wars with Penda and the Britons; married daughter of Eadwine; invaded Deira, 651, and procured death of Oswin, after whose death he ruled all Northumbria, 661-70; erected monastery at Gilling in expiation: gave Peada , king of the Middle Angles, his daughter in marriage conditionally on his acceptance of Christianity, e. 653; assisted in reconversion of East-Saxons; defeated Penda by the river Winwcd, 656, and gained possession of Mercia, Lindsey, and the laud of tinSouth- Angles; his supremacy also acknowledged by EastAngles and East-Saxons; probably ruled Britons of Alclyde and Scots of Dalriada, and is said to have subjugated Picts; seventh Bretwalda of theSaxon Chronicle; lost Southern Mercia, 658; presided at synod of Whitbv 664, and accepted Roman rite, bat substituted Ceadda for Wilfrith to see of York after rebellion of Alchfrith.
'^ Oswyn (fl. 803). See Osmund.
^ Osyth, Osith, Osgith, Saint (fl. 7th cent?), said to have been a granddaughter of the Mercian king Penda; founded a nunnery at Chich, Essex; according to an unhistorical legend beheaded by Danes on her refusal to apostatise.
^ Othere (fl. 880). See Ohthere.
^ Adam Duff O'Toole (d. 1327), reputed heretic; burnt at Le Hotfgee, Dublin. (. S 37
^ Bryan O'Toole (d. 1825), lieutenant-colonel ; mpesch's hussars in France and Belgium, 17W-S,ln Holland, 1794-8, the West Indies, 1796-7: aidede-camp to Sir Galbralth Lowry Oolo at Maida, 18M; commanded Oalabrian free corps, 1810; st-m-l with Portuguese In Peninsula; lieutenant-colonel, 1813; 0.8 1815.
^ Laurence O'Toole (Lorcán ua Tuathail) (1130 ?-1180), Irish Mint and first archbishop of Dublin; corb of Olendalough, 1155: arolibishop of Dublin, 1162-1180; converted secular canons of Christ Churcb, Dublin, into canons regular of Aroasia: practised austerities; attended great meeting at Athboy, 1167; took leading part in rising against Anglo-Norman invaders, 1171: attended council of Cashel, 1172; ambassador of Roderic O'Connor (1116?-1198) to Henry II at r. 1175: attended Lateran Council and obtained bull of conflrnmtion for Dublin, 1179; again appealed to Henry II, 1180; followed him to France and died at Eu, being burled in the cathedral; canonised, 1226.
^ John Otteby (d. 1487).
^ William Otter (1768–1840), bishop of Chicbester; of Jesus College, Cambridge: fourth wrangler, 1790: M.A., 1793; fellow, 1796-1804; D.D., 1836; master of Helston grammar school, 1791-6; travelled with Malthas in northern Europe, 1799; rector of Colmworth, 1804, of Stunner, 1810, of Chetwynd, 1811,of St. Mark's, Kennington, 1825; first principal of King's College, London, 1K30-6: Cbichester theological college founded during his episcopate (1836-40): training college erected in his memory, 1850; publishedLife and Remains of Edw. Daniel Clarke 1S24, and wrote memoir of Malthus prefixed to Political Economy 1836.
^ Nicholas Otterbourne (fl. 1448–1459), clerk-registrar of Scotland and secretary to James II; M.A. Glasgow; reputed author of Epitbalamium Jacob! II, Lib. I
^ Thomas Otterbourne (fl. 1400), author of chronicle extending to 1420 (printed by Hearne with Whethamstede, 1732): probably not identical with the Franciscan of the same name.
^ Sir Adam Otterburne (d. 1548), king's advocate of Scotland and ambassador: as provost of Edinburgh tried to stamp out the plague, 1529; much employed in negotiations with England, generally favouring the English against the French party; knighted, c. 1534: Imprisoned for relations with the Douglases, 1538-9; pardoned and again diplomatically employed, 1542; opposed marriage of Ed want, son of Henry VIII, with Mary, tlnughtrr of James V, and joined French party after Sol way Moss; accredited to England by Mary of Guise, 1647; died from wound in campaign against English.
^ Hippocrates Otthen, D'Otthen or D'Othon (d. 1611), physician successively to the earls of Leicester and Essex, Mountjoy (in Ireland), and the earl of Hertford (in Austria); M.D. of Montpellier and Oxford; L.R.C.P., 1589.
^ Sir Francis Ottley (1601–1649), royalist; educated at Lincoln College, Oxford; entered Inner Temple, 1620: knighted, 1642; governor of Shrewsbury, 1643-4; nominated by royalists sheriff of Shropshire, 1644: surrendered to parliamentarians at Bridyrenortli, 1646, being given option of banishment; left collections of papers relating to civil war.
^ William Young Ottley (1771–1836), writer on art and amateur artist: sold fine collections of drawings to Sir Thomas Lawrence; published etchings and enjniiving* and works on the history of engraving, besides Inquiry into Invention of Printing (posthumous, 18C3); keeper of prints in British Museum, 1833-6.
^ Caesar Otway (1780–1842), author; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1801: co-operated with Joseph Henderson Singer in establishment ofChristian Examiner 18tt, and with George Petrie in Dublin Penny JO I?K: P"* 01 "* 1 at L* 8800 Street Chapel, London; published miscellaneous works.
^ Robert Waller Otway, first baronet, admiral; took distinguished part in action of 1 June 1794 on flagship of Hear-admiral Sir Benjamin Caldwell; took leading part in capture of Grenada, 1796, and captured or destroyed two hundred privateers or merchantmen in West Indies, 1795-1800: as commander of Sir Hyde Parker's flagship at Copenhagen communicated message to Nelson during action, 1801; co-operated with Catalonians, 1808; employed in blockade of Toulon, 1809-10; co-operated in siege of St. Sebastian, 1813; commander-in-cbief at Leith, 1818-21, on South American station, 1826-9; admiral, 1830; created baronet, 1831; G.C.B., 1845.
^ Thomas Otway (1652–1685), dramatist; educated at Winchester College and Christ Church, Oxford, but did not graduate: appeared unsuccessfully on the stage; his tragedy, Alcibiades acted at Dorset Garden Theatre, London, by the Bettertons and Mrs. Barry, 1675: gained great success with Don Carlos 1676; produced * Titus and Berenice 1 and The Cheats of Scapin(adaptations), 1677, Friendship in Fashion (first comedy), 1678; patronised by the Duke of York and Lords Plymouth, Falkland, Middlesex, and Rochester; enlisted in the army in Holland, 1678, and received a commission, but soon returned; his first blank- verse. tragedy, * The Orphan produced successfully, 1680, Soldier's Fortune (comedy), 1681; caricatured Shaftesbury as Antonio inVenice Preserved 1682, in which Betterton played Jaffier and Mrs. Barry Belvidera; his play, The Atheist (comedy), performed 1684; also wrote prologues, epilogues, and a few poems; the manner of his death when in a state of destitution disputed. French, German, Dutch, Russian, and Italian versions ofVenice Preservedhave been made, and the play has been commended by Dryden, Hazlitt, and Taine: parts also of The Orphan have been highly praised. Both have been frequently revived, the former being seen at Drury Lane Theatre, London, in 1829. First published edition of Otway's collected plays, 1713.
^ Thomas Otway (1616–1693), bishop of Ossory; of Christ's College, Cambridge, and Trinity College, Dublin (D.D.); captured and banished to West Indies by parliamentarians when chaplain to Sir Ralph Hopton; chaplain to Lord Berkeley when viceroy of Ireland: bishop of Killaloe, 1670-80, of Ossory, 1680-93: adhered to James II; benefactor of Christ's College, Cambridge, and Trinity College, Dublin.
^ Nicholas Oudart (d. 1681), Latin secretary to Charles II; brought to England from Brabant by Sir Henry Wotton: created M.A. Oxford, 1636 (incorporated at Cambridge, 1638): secretary to Sir William Boswell at the Hague, 1640; assistant-secretary to Sir Edward Nicholas, 1641-51; amanuensis to Charles I; secretary to Princess Mary of Orange, 1651-61; Latin secretary to Charles II,1666-81; a copy of Eikon Basilike said to be in his handwriting.
^ Walter Oudney (1790–1824), naval surgeon and African traveller; friend of Abercrombie at Edinburgh: M.D. Edinburgh, 1817; joined Hugh Clapperton and Dixon Dcnham in expedition to trace sources of the Niger, 1821; died at Kouka, Soudan,
^ Oudoceus (fl, 630?), bishop of Llandaff ; reputed successor of Teilo; church of Llandogo, Monmouthshire, dedicated to him.
^ Sir James Adolphus Dickenson Oughton (1720-1780), lieutenant-general; served at Culloden, 1746, and in Flanders,! 747- 8; lieutenant-governor of Antigua: K.B. and commauder-in-cbief in North Britain, 1768-80; lieutenant-general, 1770: met Dr. Johnson at BoswellV house, 1773.
^ William Oughtred (1576–1660), mathematician; of Eton and King's College, Cambridge: fellow of King's College, 1595; held clerical preferment; composed Easy Method of Geometrical Dialling while an undergraduate; Invented horizontal instrument for delineating dials, which he showed to Gunter, 1618; published 'Clavis Mathematical 1631,Circles of Proportion 1632, and other works; invented trigonometrical abbreviations and introduced multiplication and proportion signs; correspondent of leading contemporary mathematicians.
^ Sir Fielding Ould (1710–1789), man-midwife; author of Treatise on Midwifery(1742); master of Dublin Lying-in Hospital, 1759; knighted, 1759.
^ Walley Chamberlain Oulton (1770?-1820?), author of compilations on the history of London theatres from 1771 to 1795 and 1795 to 1817 (1796, 1818); produced numerous plays at Dublin and in London; published works, including Beauties of Kotzebue 1800; a- Mlroiv Horn. attacked Richard Brothers and Nathaniel Brassey Halsted; defended authenticity of Ireland's Vortigern.
^ Sir Frederick Arthur Gore Ouseley , second baronet, (1825-1889), musician and composer: i of sir Gore ( mseley; of OhriHt Church, Oxford; M. A., 1849; Mus.Doc. Oxford, 1854 (inoorponiti-d at Durhain, 185C, raml.ridkfe, 1MJ2, Dublin, 1888); professor of music at Oxford and precentor of Hereford, 1855: canon of Hereford, 1886; composed an opera at eight; founded St. Michael's College,I'mlmr.., 1857; composed a sacred cantata, two oratorios, and much church and secular music; published three treatises on musical theory.
^ Gideon Ouseley (1768–1839), methodist; cousin of Sir Gore Ouaeley: prenched in Irish, chiefly in Ulster, from 1799; publishedShort Defence of the Old Religion 1812 (reprinted nsOld Christianity against Papal Novelties 1827), and other works.
^ Sir Gore Ouseley , first baronet (1770–1844), diplomatist and oriental scholar: while engaged in commerce in India was aide-de-camp to the nabob vizier of Ondh; created baronet, 1808, for his services to British government: as ambassador extraordinary in Persia concluded treaty with England, 1812, and mediated between Persia and Russia, 1813; privy councillor, 1820; G.O.H., 1831; chairman of Oriental Translation Committee and president of Society for Publication of Oriental Texts, 1842; bisBiographical Notices of Persian Poets published posthumously, 1846.
^ (Sir) Ralph Ouseley (1772–1842), major-general in Portuguese array; brother of Gideon Ouseley; served during French invasion of Ireland, 1798, and in Emmet's rising, 1803; entered Portuguese service under Beresford, 1809; commanded 18th Portuguese in Pyrenees, 1813; severely wounded in successful night attack on Urda; organised at Rio Janeiro and commanded regiment in reduction of Pernambuco, 1817; retired from British service as major, 1825; died at Lisbon as Portuguese knight and major-general.
^ Sir William Ouseley (1767–1842), orientalist; brother of Sir Gore Ouseley; studied Persian at Paris and Leyden, and received honorary degrees from Dublin and Rostock; knighted by Coruwallis, 1800; accompanied his brother to Persia, 1810: published Persian Miscellanies 1795, Oriental Collections 1797-9, and other works.
^ Sir William Gore Ouseley (1797–1866), diplomatist; son of Sir William Ouseley; while attache at Washington issued a book on American institutions, 1832; charge d'affaires in Brazil, 1838; minister to Argentine, 1844; secured evacuation of Uruguay by Argentine troops, 1847; K.C.B., 1852; D.C.L. Oxford, 186*; went on special mission in Central America, 1857; publishedDescription of Views in South America, from original drawings 1852.
^ Benjamin Outram (1764–1805), civil engineer; introduced iron railways for colliery traffic: founded Butterley Ironworks.
^ Sir Benjamin Fonseca Outram (1774–1866), naval surgeon; in the Superb during Sir J. Saumarez's victory at Cadiz, 1801; M.D. Edinburgh, 1809; practised in London and became medical inspector of fleets and hospitals, 1841; F.R.S., 1838; K.C.B., 1850; F.R.C.P., 1852.
^ George Outram(1805-1856), author of Lyrics, Legal and Miscellaneous (published, 1874): nephew of Benjamin Outram; edited Glasgow Herald 18371856: collaborated with Christopher North in Dies Boreales.
^ Sir James Outram , first baronet (1803–1863), lieutenant-general in Indian army; son of Benjamin Outram: educated at Aberdeen; entered Indian army, 1819; directed capture of Malegaon, 1825; subdued Dang country, 1830; put down rising "of Bhils of Barwani, 1833; performed great hunting exploits; reported on ?tatc of Gujerat, 1835, and became political agent in the MaU kanta:. mployni ! sir John Kcaneon minion* Shuja and McNairhten, Isii; 1.-.1. vuedltious against Dost Muhammad and against Uhilzais; promoted for services at siege of Kalat, 1889: carried despatches in Afghan disguise from General WilNhire to Bombay bySmimiaiii Bundar route; when political agent in Lower Sindh ( 1839-41 )negotlated treaty with Mir 8her Muhammad, 1841: ad agent in Upper Sindh assiBtal Nott and Sir Charles James Napier In Afghanistan and Bal. ItsS; described bg RjfftvM HM 7 ittyMdd taliu.-,-.. defended n IteMg U SttmtaiacaitttdgU thousand Sikhs, 1843; O.B. and promoted for services in first Sikh war; espoused cause of amir of Sindh against Napier, 1843; head of intelligence department during campaign In southern Maratha country, 1844: resident of Baroda, 1847-51; dismissed in connection with his report (1861) on corruption (khatpat), but reinstated by Dalhoosie, 1K54; wroteMemorandum on the Invasion of India from the Westward 185H; as resident at oiidh recommended annexation, 1855: K.C.B., 1866; G.O.B. after successfully conducting war against Persia, 1867; at the outbreak of the Indian mutiny had command of two Bengal divisions between Calcutta and Cawnpore, being also chief commissioner of Oudh after Lawrence's death, but waived his military rank and acted as volunteer under Havelock during the first relief of Lucknow: commanded Lucknow garrison until the second relief under Sir Colin Campbell; conducted the evacuation and held the place in check till the third relief, defeating Ahmad Shah's troops in several engagements; co-operated with Campbell In the final capture, 1868: received a baronetcy, a pension, and the freedom of London; military member of Lord "Canning's council, 1858-60; lieutenant-general, 1858; died at Pau and received public funeral in Westminster Abbey. He published works concerning the campaign in Sindh and Afghanistan, the conquest of Sindh, and his Baroda administration.
^ William Outram (1626–1679). See Owtram.
^ George Gerbier Ouvilly (fl. 1661). See D'Ouvilly.
^ Frederic Ouvry (1814–1881), president of Society of Antiquaries, treasurer, 1854-74, president, 1876-8; friend of Dickens; made fine collections of manuscripts, ballads, and autograph letters.
^ John Overall (1560–1619), bishop successively of Coventry and Lichfield and of Norwich: educated at Cambridge; major fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1582; M.A., 1582; regius professor of theology, 1596-1607; D.D., 1596; master of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, 15981607; opposed extreme Calvinists; dean of St. Paul's London, 1602; took part in Hampton Court conference and enlargement of church catechism, 1604; prolocutor of Canterbury lower house, 1605 (his Convocation Book published by Bancroft, 1690); one of the Old Testament revisers, 1611; bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, 1614, of Norwich, 1618: correspondent of Voss and Qrotiiu; wrote against Lambeth articles and on predestination.
^ William Henry Overall (1829–1888), librarian of the Guildhall, 1865-88; F.SJL, 1868: with his cousin prepared analytical index to Remernbrancia 1878; chief work, History of Clockmakers Company 1881.
^ Sir Thomas Overbury (1581–1613), poet and victim of court intrigue; of Queen's College, Oxford (B.A., 1598), and the Middle Temple: made acquaintance of Robert Carr at Edinburgh, whose adviser at court he became; made sewer to the king and knighted, 1608; travelled in Netherlands, 1609, and is said to bare written Observations upon the Seventeen Provinces; encouraged Rochester's (Carr's) intrigue with Frances Howard, countess of Essex, and is said himself to have attempted intrigue with Lady Rutland: broke with Ben Jonson in consequence; opposed Rochester's marriage with Lady Essex and was supposed cognisant of some secret concerning him; after refusal of diplomatic employment was sent to the Tower, 1613, and there slowly poisoned by agente of Lady Essex, four of whom were hanged, 1615, Somerset (Carr) and his wife (Lady Essex) being convicted, but pardoned. Twenty writers (Including Ford) contributed prefatory verses to his poem * A Wife (published, 1614), and Ben Jonson credited him with introducing culture into the court. Snl.se.iumt edition* A Wife* have additional compositions of the author. imeof doubtful authenticity: his Miscellaneous Works inVerae Md Prow* edited by Edward F. Henry T to Normandv. 1111: killed in battle with Gerald of Windsor. xin.
^ Sir Thomas Overbury (d. 1684), author of curious tract in Harleian Miscellany and controversial writer; Thomas Overbury riM M to writer: nephew ~.. --- - "rii5 qu9i knighted, 160. C xhl - 3K2 1
^ Marmaduke Overend (d. 1790), organist of Isleworth, Middlesex. 1700-90, and composer,
^ Baron Overstone (1796–1883). See Samuel Jones Loyd.
^ Charles Overton (1805–1889), evangelical divine; son of John Overton (1763-1838): vicar of Clapham, Yorkshire, 1837, of Cottingham, 1841-89: nubhsheUCottage Lectures on Bunynn'3 "Pilgrim's StgZm" practically explained(1848, pt.i. pt ii. 1S4-J) and similar works, besides verse and a parochial history.
^ Constantine Overton (d. 1687), quaker.
^ John Overton (1640–1708?), principal vendor of mezzotints of his day.
^ John Overton (1763–1838), evangelical divine; B.A., Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1790; incumbent of Si brnTand St. Maaret's, York, 1802-38; published The True Churchman Ascertained 1801.
^ John Overton (1764–1838), author of 'The Genealogy of Christ elucidated by Sacred History 1817, and works applying astronomical results to biblical chronology.
^ Richard Overton (fl. 1642-1663), pamphleteer and satirist: attacked bishops in Lambeth Fayre 1642; his Man's Mortality 1643, followed by foundation of the sect called soul sleepers and censured by parliament, trvi-ther with Milton's tract concerning divorce: attacked Westminster Assembly of Divines in tracts signed Martin Marpriest 1646; sent to Newgate for defence of Lilburne, 1G4G, but released, 1647; imprisoned in the Tower of London with other leaders of the levellers for share in authorship ofEngland's new Chains Discovered 1649; released, 1649; fled to Flanders with Sexby, 1655, and obtainal commission from Charles II; again imprisoned, 1649 ami 1663.
^ Robert Overton (fl. 1640–1668), Fifth-monarchy man and friend of Milton; admitted to Gray's Inn, 1631; fought at Marston Moor, 1644; reduced Sandal Castle, 1645: made parliamentary governor of Hull, 1647; commanded brigade of foot at Dunbar, 1650: governor of Edinburgh, 1650: led reserve at Inverkeithing, 1651; reduced Orkney and Shetland: commander in Western Scotland 1652-3; opposed Protectorate and was imprisoned on charge of intending to head military insurrection; released by Richard Cromwell, 1659, and restored to commands by revived Long parliament, 1659; refused obedience to Monck and tried to maintain independent position in Yorkshire; imprisoned as Fifth-monarchy leader, after Restoration, in the Tower of London and in Jersey; his exploits celebrated in Milton's Defensio Secunda. 1
^ William Overton (1525?–1609), bishop of Coventry and Lichfleld; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1551; M.A. (incorporated at Cambridge, 1562), D.D., 1668: rector of Balconibe and vicar of Eccleshall, 1653; canon of Chichester, 1563, treasurer, 1567; took prominent part in reception of Queen Elizabeth at Oxford, 1664; canon of Salisbury ami rector of Stoke-on-Trent, 1570; bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, 1579-1609; unjustly attacked by Martin Marprelateas an 'unlearned prelate'.
^ Owain ap Edwin (d. 1104), Welsh chieftain, of Oounsillt, called Pradwr (Traitor) on account of his having assisted in the invasion of Anglesey, 1098.
^ Owain ap Cadwgan (d. 1116), prince of Powys: ent to Ireland in childhood; carried off Nest, wife of Gerald of Windsor, 1110: took refuge with Muircheartach in Ireland: on return allied himself with Madog ap Rhiryd, devastated much country, ami nmrdurul William of Brabant: prince of Powyn, 1112-16: blinded and deprived Xadog of hi* share of Powyn, 1113; accompanied
^ Owain Gwynedd or Owain ap Gruffydd (d. 1169), king of Gwynedd (North Wales), 1137-69; suc i ceeded Gruffydd al yuan: thrice invaded Cere digion and burnt Carmarthen, 1137; drove back Irish ; Danes, 1144; during reign of Stephen captured Mold (;wddu'rug) and defeated Randulf of Chester and Madotr up Marediiddat Counsillt: after Henry IIs invasion of 1157 did homage, gave hostage?, and restored Cadwaladr (his own brother) to his territory: supported the English 1 against Rhys ap Gruffydd, 1159; successfully invaded Arwystli, 1162; induced Rhys to submit to Henry II, and j with him did homage at Woodstock, 1164, but combined I with him and the Prince of Powys in repelling fche king's expedition against South Wales, 1165; joined Rhys against Powys and the Normans, 1167; kept see of Bangor vacant and opposed Norman nominees; excom municated by Becket for marriage with his cousin Crisiant, but the sentence disregarded by the Welsh: I praised by Giraldus Carabrensis as a wise and moderate ruler, and much celebrated by Welsh bards, but guilty of exceptional cruelties to kinsfolk.
^ Owain Brogyntyn (d. 1180), Welsh chieftain; natural son of Madog ap Maredudd; ruled in Diumael and Edeyrnion.
^ Owain Cyveiliog or Owain ab Gruffydd (d. 1197), Welsh poet and prince of Powys, 11601197; joined Gwynedd and South Wales iu resisting Henry II, 1165; snared Mochnant with Owain Gwyuedd , but was afterwards attacked by him and Rhys of South Wales; cultivated good relations with Heuryll; attended great council at Oxford, 1177; excommunicated for neglecting to meet Archbishop Baldwin, 1188, but founded Cistercian house of Strata Marcella (Ystrad Marchell), and there died a monk; praised by Giraldus Cambrcnsis as ruler.
^ Gutyn Owain (fl. 1480), Welsh bard and genealogist (Gruffydd ap Huw ab Owaiu); consulted by Henry VII as to Tudor pedigree.
^ Owain Myvyr (1741–1814). See Owen Jones.
^ Owen of Wales (d. 1378), soldier in French service; claimed descent from Welsh princes; went to France in boyhood; fought under John II at Poitiers, 1356; won distinction in Lombardy, 1360; given command of French expedition against Wales, which made descent on Guernsey, 1372; captured Sir Thomas Percy and the Captal de Buch at Soubise, 1372; cooperated with Spanish in capture of La Rochelle, 1372; under Bertrand du Guesclin at Chize, 1373; took part in Enguerrand de Coucy's expedition against Leopold of Austria, 1375; treacherously murdered by a Welshman before Mortagne; his invasion of Guernsey subject of a ballad.
^ Owen Glendower (1359?–1416?). See Glendower.
^ Tudor Owen (d. 1461).
^ Alice Owen (d. 1613), philanthropist; nee Wilkes; married, as her third husband, Thomas Owen (d. 1598); founded school and almshouses at Islington; made bequests to Christ's Hospital, London, and Oxford and Cambridge Universities.
^ Aneurin Owen (1792–1851), Welsh historical scholar; son of William Owen (afterwards Pughe): assistant tithe commissioner, 1836: enclosure commissioner, 1845; edited for Record Office collection of ancient Welsh laws, 1841; edited part of Brut y Tywysogion in 'Monumeuta Historica Britannioa 1848.
^ Cadwallader Owen (1562–1617), rector of Llanfechain, 1601, and Llanbrynmair (sinecure), 1610; M.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1588; fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, 1685; B.D., 1603; a great disputant.
^ Charles Owen (d. 1746), presbyterian minister and tutor at Warrington; hon. D.D. Edinburgh, 1728; indicted for sermon on Plain Dealing; or Separation without Schism 1715; influential supporter of Hanoverian dynasty; published controversial works.
^ Corbet Owen (1646-1671), Latin poet, of Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxfor.l ( XI. A., lu'o).
^ David Owen (d. 1642), controversialist; of Catherine Hall (B.A., 169H)aii(l Clan- Hull. Cuinbridg 1602): iucorporatal M.A. Oxford, 160K:,- r.-iitl.D. Cambridge, 1618; defended divine right of kings.
^ David Owen, or Dafydd y Garreg Wen (1720-1749), Welsh harper, to whom several airs are ascribed, for one of which Scott wrote words (The Dying Bird).
^ David Owen (1784–1841), Welsh poet (Dewi Wyn o Eifion); awarded second prizes by Gwyueddigion Society of Lonlon, 1803 and 1805; awaiXUd rup (which was withhi-lih at Trcmadoc Eisteddfod for poem on 4 Agriculture 1811; valued after bin death; his chief works collected in Blodan Arfon 1842.
^ David Owen (1794–1866), Welsh journalist (Brutus); made his reputation by an article Gomeron thePoverty of the Welsh Language 1824: edited Lleuad yr Oes 1827-30, and Hi, n-yly-M 1831-5: afterwards joined church of England and edited the Haul
^ Edward Owen (1728–1807), translator of Juvenal and Persius (1785) and author of New Latin Accidence (1770); M.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1752; head-master (1757) and rector (1767-1807) of Warrington College, Williamsburg, Virginia, 1758-60; dial minister lri-v's. Hrimswirk County; published Diddunwcb Tetiltmiild 1703; lib* complete works ediu*l by ItolM-rt Joiu-s, 187G.
^ Sir Edward Campbell Rich Owen (1771-1849), admiral; while in command of the Immortalite captured and destroyed many French gunboats and privateers, 1802-5; attached to Walcheren expedition. 1809; K.C.B.,1815; commander-in-chief in West Indies, 1822-5; I surveyor-general of ordnance, 1827; commander in East Indies, 1828-32, in Mediterranean, 1841-5; G.O.H., 1832; G.O.B., 1845; admiral, 1846.
^ Edward Pryce Owen (1788–1863), etcher; son of Hugh Owen (1761-1827); M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1816: vicar of Wellington and rector of Eyton-upon-Wildmoors, Shropshire, 1823-63.
^ Ellis Owen (1789–1868), Welsh antiquary and poet; F.S.A., 1868; his Cell Meudwy issued, 1897.
^ Sir Francis Philip Cunliffe Owen (1828-1894), director of South Kensington Museum; entered science and art department, South Kensington, 1854; assisted Sir Henry Cole in international exhibitions at Paris, 1855 and 1867, and Vienna, 1873; assistant-director at South Kensington, 1860-73: director, 1873-93; superintended British section at Paris exhibition, 1878; as director organised Fisheries, and succeeding exhibitions, 1883-6; C.B., 1873; K.C.M.G. and legion of honour, 1878; K.C.B., 188G.
^ George Owen (d. 1558), physician to Henry VIII, Edward VI, and Mary I; fellow of Merton College, Oxford, and M.D., 1528; received grants of property at and near Oxford: president Royal College of Physicians, 1553 and 1554; friend of Thomas Caius.
^ George Owen (fl. 1604). See George Owen Harry.
^ George Owen (1552–1613), author of Description of Pembrokeshire (1603); son of William Owen (1469 ?1574); vice-admiral of Pembroke and Cardigan and sheriff of Cardigan, 1689 and 1602; gave assistance to Camden; author also of descriptions of Wales and Milford Haven and Catologe and Genelogie of the Lordes of Kernes and other treatises, printed in nineteenth century.
^ George Owen (d. 1665), York herald; son of George Owen (1552-1613); Rouge Croix, 1626; York herald, 1633 (reappointed, 1660); D.C.L. Oxford, 1643; Norroy king-of-arms, 1658; frequently confounded with his father and George Owen Harry.
^ Goronwy Owen or Gronow (1723–1769?), Welsh poet; son of a tinker in Anglesey; of Jesus College, Oxford; while master of Donnington school, corresponded with Lewis Morris and composed 1 Oywydd y Farn Fawr: secretary to Cymmrodorion Society of London, 1755; master of William and Mary
^ Griffith Owen (d. 1717), emigrated to Pennsylvania, 1684, and became executive council; died at Philadelphia.
^ Henry Owen (1716–1795), divine and scholar; M.A.Jesus College, oxford. 173. M.I)., 1753; vicar of Terliug, 1752: rector of St. Oluve'u. Hart Street, 17601794; vicar of Kdmonton, 1775-95; chaplain to Bishop Shuu Barrington: Boyle l.-c-turer, 1769-71; friend of Bowyer and Nichols: published theological works.
^ Henry Charles Cunliffe-Owen (1821-1867), lieutenant-colonel of royal engineers: brother of Sir Francis Philip Ouuliffe-Owen; nerved against Boers and Kaffirs, 1845-7; general superintendent of the exhibition of 1851; inspector of art schools: wounded before Sebastopol; C.B. and pensioned; deputy inspectorgeneral of fortifications, 1866-60; commanding engineer of western district, 1860-7; friend of Pusey.
^ Hugh Owen, properly John Hughes (1615–1686), Welsh Jesuit.
^ Hugh Owen (1639–1700), Welsh nonconformist preacher; of Jesus College, Oxford.
^ Hugh Owen (1761–1827), collaborator with John Brickdale Blakeway in History of Shrewsbury (1825); M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1807; archdeacon of Shropshire, 1821; published separate work on Shrewsbury, 1808.
^ Hugh Owen (1784–1861), colonel in Portuguese army; commanded cavalry skirmishers at Talavera; entered Portuguese service, 1810; received troop in 7th hussars for services at Vittoria, 1813, but sold out, 1817: organised and commanded 6th Portuguese regiment after 1815; accompanied Beresford to Brazil, 1820: published Civil War in Portugal (English and Portuguese, 1836).
^ Sir Hugh Owen (1804–1881), promoter of Welsh education and philanthropist; chief clerk of poor law commission, 1853-72; circulated Letter to the Welsh Peopleon day-schools, 1843; bon. secretary to Cauibrian Educational Society, 1846; took up cause of deaf and dumb; organised state-aided undenominational edu: cation; promoted establishment of training colleges for I teachers; the virtual creator of Aberystwith University I College (opened, 1872); chiefly instrumental in reform of Eisteddfod and revival (1873) of Cymmrodorion Society; I prominent in foundation of London- Welsh Charitable Aid 1 Society, 1873; connected with London Fever Hospital, National Thrift Society, and National Temperance League; member of London school board, 1872; knighted, 1881.
^ Humphrey Owen (1712–1768), Bodley's librarian and principal of Jesus College, Oxford; M.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1726; fellow, 1726: D.D., 1763; rector of Tredington (second portion), 1744-63; Bodley's librarian, 1747-68; principal of Jesus College, Oxford, 1763-8.
^ Jacob Owen (1778–1870), architect and engineer to Irish board of works, 1832-56; erected Duudrum Asylum, 1848, and Mountjoy prison, Dublin, 1860.
^ James Owen (1654–1706), presbyterian; brother of Charles Owen; took part in public disputation with William Lloyd (1627-1717) at Oswestry, 1681, where he established academy for training presbyterians, 1690; joint-pastor of High Street Chapel, Shrewsbury, 1700; carried on controversies with Benjamin Keach , Thomas Gipps, and William Lloyd
^ John Owen (1560?–1622), epigrammatist; of Winchester College and New College, Oxford; fellow, 1684-91; B.O.L., 1590; head-master of King Henry VIII's school, Warwick, e. 1694: buried in St. Paul's Cathedral; his Latin epigrams collected, 1624, and translated into English, French, German, and Spanish.
^ John Owen (1680–1651), bishop of St. Asaph ; fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge: M.A., 1600, D.D.. 1618; rector of Burton Latimer, 1608, of Carlton and Oottiugham, 1625: chaplain to Prince Charles; bishop of St. Asaph, 1629-41: instituted Welsh sermons in his diocese and improved the cathedrul; impeached, imprisoned, and sequestrated, 1641.
^ Sir John Owen (1600–1666), royalist; his appointment as governor of Ruabon (1644) resisted by Archbishop Williams; knighted, 1644; surrendered to Mytton, 1649; attacked Carnarvon, but after a first victory was defeated and captured at Llandegai, 1648; imprisoned at Denbigh and Windsor: condemned to death with the Lords Goring, Holland. Cambridge, and Capel, but respited, 1649; attempted unsuccessfully to raise north Wales in concert with Sir George Booth, 1659, and was again sequestered. [xlii, 422]
^ John Owen (1616–1683), theologian; of Queen's College, Oxford; M.A., 1635: created D.D., 1653: left the university on account of Laud's statutes; private chaplain to Sir Robert Dormer and Lord Lovelace: published tracts against Arminianism and in favour of presbyterianism, and obtained rectory of Fordham, Essex, 1643; ejected by patron, but presented by House of Lords to Ooggeshall, 1646; adopted independent views and expanded them inEshcol 1648: preached before parliament, 1649, and accompanied Cromwell to Ireland and Scotland, 1650, as chaplain: dean of Christ Church, Oxford, 1651-60; vice-chancellor, 1652-8: chairman of committee for composing differences in Scottish church, 1654: carried on controversies with John Goodwin, Henry Hammond, and William Sherlock (1641 ?1707); wrote Vindicise Evangelic against John Biddle, 1655: charged Grotius with Socinianism; published treatiseOn Schism 1657, with attack on quaker theory of inspiration: ejected from Christ Church, Oxford, 1660: wrote anonymous answer to the Fiat Lux of Vincent Canes, 1662; indicted for holding religion assemblies at Oxford, 1666: removed to London and published anonymous tracts in defence of religions liberty, and, with his name, other writings, including one boo'k of theExercitations on Epistle to the Hebrews 1668; attacked occasional conformity; discussal nonconformity with the Duke of York, 1674: received audience from Charles II and money for nonconformists; allowed to preach to independent congregation in Leadenhall Street, London, 1673; wrote against Romanism and rationalism, 1674-80; defended dissenters against Stillingfleet and contended for historical position of Congregationalism, ; hisMeditations and Discourse on the Glory of Christ and other treatises, published posthumously; collective editions of his works issued, 1721 (imperfect), 1826 and 1850.
^ John Owen (1766–1822), secretary of British and Foreign Bible Society; fellow of Corpus Ohristi College, Cambridge, 1789; M.A-, 1791; curate of Fulham, 1795}*: secretary of British and Foreign Bible Society, 1804-tt; rector of Paglesham, 1808; minister of Park Chapel, Chelsea: chief work, History of the Origin and t ten years of the British and Foreign Bible Society
^ John Owen (1821–1883), Welsh musician (Owain Alaw); organist in Chester; won many prizes at eisteddfod, and.composed cantatas, glees, songs, and anthems; edited Gems of Welsh Melody 1860.
^ Josiah Owen (1711?–1755), presbyterian minister at Rochdale, 1740-52, and at Ellenthorp, 1 762-5; nephew of Charles Owen; prominent as writer against Jacobites.
^ Lewis Owen (d. 1665), vice-chamberlain of North Wales and baron of the exchequer of Carnarvon Y Barwn Owen); sheriff of Merionethshire. 1545-6 and Merionethshire, 1545-6 and M.P. for county, 1547, 1563, and 1554; murdered by Mawddwy brigands.
^ Lewis Owen (1532–1594). See Owen Lewis.
^ Lewis Owen (1572–1633), anti-Jesuit writer; somene a Jesuit in Spain: employed by government as spy at f Edaft1Wi8n Londou: PuWfcbedUn nx all Popish Monks, Friers and lesuite 1623, 'Speculum Jesulticnm 1629, and other works. . MORGAN (1585 ?-1645), bishop oflandaff; Oxford (B.A., 1613); M.A. h., ni bUhop of 8U btehopof Llandaff, ; cauon of St. David's, 1623; 1640-2: impeached and imprifoned for promulgating Land's canons and protesting against action of Long parliament, 1641-2; left bequest to Carmarthen school.
^ Nicholas Owen (. 1606), Jesuit (' Little John ') ; w:i~ imprisoned, but escaped; said to have effect. of John Gerard (15F4-1637), 1597; travelled with Henry Garnett: designed hiding-places at Hindlip Hall for priests; captured there and taken to the Tower of London, where he died, probably from effects of torture.
^ Nicholas Owen (1752–1811), Welsh antiquary; M.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1776: rector of LJandyfiydog, and Meyllteyrn; published works, includingBritish Remains 1777.
^ Richard Owen (1606–1683), royalist divine; son of Cadwallader Owen; fellow of Oriel College, Oxford. 1628-38; M.A., 1630, B.D., 1638; rector of Llanfechain, 1634; vicar of Eltham, 1636; rector of St. Swithin, London Stone, 1639; ejected for royalism, 1643; regained St. Swithin at Restoration and was made prebendary of St. Paul's Cathedral: intimate wfth John Evelyn (1620-1706); Latin version of George Bate's Royal Apologie attributed to him.
^ Sir Richard Owen (1804–1892), naturalist; educated at Lancaster school with Whewell; studied anatomy at Edinburgh under John Barclay (1758-1826) ; prosector to Aberuethy at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 1826, and lecturer on anatomy, 1829; assistantconservator of Hunterian Museum, 1827, joint-conservator, 1842, and afterwards sole conservator till 1856; attended Cuvier's lectures at Paris, 1831; made his name as anatomist with Memoir on the Pearly Nautilus 1832; F.R.S., 1834; first Hunterian professor of comparative anatomy and physiology, 1836-56; Wollaston medallist, 1838; first president of Microscopical Society, 1840; received civil list pension, 1842; elected tothe club 1845; on royal commission on public health, 1847, and Smithfleld market, 1809; while at the Hunterian museum prepared Descriptive and Illustrative Catalogue of Physiological Series of Comparative Anatomy and catalogue of osteological collections; gave annual lectures, and wrote memoirs of animals dissected at Zoological Society, on marsupialia and monotremes, on bones and teeth, on cephalopoda, and parthenogenesis, 1849; chairman of jury on raw materials at exhibition of 1851, on Prepared and Preserved Alimentary Substances at Paris, 1855: devised models of extinct animals at Crystal Palace; as superintendent of natural history collections of the British Museum (1856-83) obtained their separation from the library and removal to South Kensington (1881), where he designed theIndex Museum but was overruled on the general scheme of arrangement; lectured on fossils at Jermyn Street Museum and Royal Institution, 1869-61; presided at Leeds meeting of British Association, 1858; gave Rede lecture at Cambridge, 1869; lectured to royal family, 1860 and 1864; helped Livingstone to write Missionary Travels 1857; visited Egypt with Albert Edward, prince of Wales, 1869; received the Prix Cuvier 1857; edited Posthumous Papers of John Hunter (1861); attacked Origin of Species in Edinburgh Review (April 1860), taking up an ambiguous attitude on evolution; royal medallist, 1846; Copley medallist, 1851; Baley medallist for physiology, 1869, gold medallist, Linnean Society, 1888: received honorary degrees from Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin, and was foreign associate of Institute of France; K.O.B., 1884; had many foreign orders. He received Sheen Lodge as a residence from Queen Victoria in 1862. He enjoyed the friendship of many leading contemporaries, but his acerbity as a controversialist isolated him in the scientific world. His chief larger works were, Odontography 1840–5, Lectures on Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of Invertebrates 1843,History of British Fossil Mammals and Birds 1846, On the Anatomy of Invertebrates vols. i. and ii. 1866, vol. iii. 1868, Researches on Fossil Remains of Extinct Mnmmals of Australia 1877-8, Memoirs on Extinct Wingless Birds of New Zealand 1879.
^ Robert Owen (1771–1858), socialist and philanthropist; born and died at Newtown, Montgomeryshire; read widely when a boy; obtained knowledge of fabrics while assistant at a shop in Stamford, Northamptonshire; while employed in Manchester set up a small cottonestablishment; afterwards very successful as manager of large mills;ml became known in Mm had discussion with Coleridge and lent money to Hubert Fulton; formed Cborltou Twist Company, 1794-5; houtrht for company New Laimrk Mill- from Duviil Dale and married hU daughter. 1799; in onh-r to r.in -y out his schemed bought out partners and, with William Allen (1770-184U), Bentham, and other*, form.- 1 new company, 1814; became famous for his Mi for the formation of character including infant and two other gradeti of schools (opened, 1816); his essays circulated by the British an. I American government!*; consulted by Prussian and Austrian ambassadors; received offers in person from Grand Duke Nicholas for an establishment in Russia; propounded scheme of 'villages of unity and co-operationto great meeting at City of London Tavern, 1817; made continental tour, attending Germanic diet and congress of Aix-lu-Chapelle, 1818; largely Instrumental in bringing about tho Factory Act of 1819; obtained formation of committee to carry out his scheme under presidency of Duke of Kent, 1819, but alienated sympathy by declaration against religion; during a visit to Ireland, 1823, met with much opposition; a settlement on his communistic principles at Orbiston maintained for only about two years; gave MMSjeu at Washington and took over Harmony Settlement, 1826; framed communistic constitution, 1826, and several times visited it, but being unable to enforce his principles, abandoned it, 1828; withdrew from New 'Lanark after disputes with partners, 1829; received an abortive offer from Mexican government, 1829; took part in co-operative and social congresses, lecturing, and pulili.-hiug periodicals; carried onEquitable Labour Exchange 1832-4; took up case of Dorset labourers, 1834: conductedNew Moral World 1834-41; was presented by Lord Normauby to Queen Victoria, 1840; again In America, 1844-7; publishedRevolution in Mind and Practice 1849; took up spiritualism; heldmillenial meetings in St. Martin's Hall, London, 1866; published an Autobiography 1857-8; appeared at social science congresses at Birmingham and Liverpool, introduced by Brougham. He spent most of his fortune on the promotion of his schemes, and attempted to convert many public men.
^ Robert Dale Owen (1801–1877), publicist and author; son of Robert Owen; educated under Fellenberg at Hofwyl; joined New Harmony settlement, 1826; editedNew Harmony Gazetteand commenced (1828) Free Inquirer publishedMoral Physiology 1831; as member of House of Representatives for Indiana supported annexation of Texas; U.S. minister at Naples, 1863-8; publishedPolicy of Emancipation 1863, and The Wrong of Slavery &c., 1864; also Footfalls on the Boundary of another World 1869, and Debatable Land between this World and the next 1872; published 'Threading my Way (autobiography, 1874).
^ Sir Roger Owen (1573–1617), politician; son of Thomas Owen (d. 1598); B.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1592; M.P., Shrewsbury, 1597, and Shropshire, 16U1-14; knighted, 1604; barrister and treasurer, Lincoln's Inn, 1613; dismissed from commission of peace for anti-royalist speeches.
^ Samuel Owen (1769?–1857), water-colour painter; exhibited battle-pieces at Royal Academy and marine subjects with Associated Artists in Water-colours.
^ Thankfull Owen (1620–1681), independent divine; educated at St. Paul's School, London, and Exeter College, Oxford; fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford, 1642; M.A., 1646; senior proctor, 1649; president of St. John's College, Oxford, 1650-60; prominent in management of university during Commonwealth; published A true and lively Representation of Popery, 1 1679.
^ Thomas Owen (d. 1598), judge; graduated at Oxford, 1559; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1670; M.P., Shrewsbury, 1584-5; member of council of Welsh marches, 1590; queen's serjeaut, 1693; judge of common pleas, 1594-8; his common pleas reports printed, 1666; buried in Westminster Abbey.
^ Thomas Owen (1557–1618), rector of English Jesuit college, Rome, 1610-18; published translation from French.
^ Thomas Owen (1749–1812), translator of agricultural works; B.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1770; M.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1773; incumbent of Upton Scudamore, Wiltshire, 1779.
^ Thomas Ellis Owen (1764–1814), author of Methodism Unmasked(1802); of WesUni and ChriK Church, tixfnnl: B.A., 1789; South Stoke, 1792, Llaudyfrydog, Anglesey, 1794. _
^ William Owen (1469?–1587), compiler of Le Bregement de Statutis (1521); of the Middle Temple; recovered barony of Kemes after nineteen years' suit; vice-admiral of Wales.
^ William Owen (1530?-1487), Welsh poet; Luroc) ; M.A. ; vicar of Ovwestry, 1481-7 ; made chief bard at Caerwyn, 1668; some of his pieces printed In Gorchestion Belrdd Cymru ( 1864) and Y Brytbon
^ William Owen (1789–1834), portrait-painter; exhibited at Royal Academy from 1792; R.A., 18O6; principal portrait- painter to George, prince regent, 1818; accidentally poisoned.
^ William Owen (1769–1816). See Pughe.
^ William Fitzwilliam Owen (1774–1857), vice-admiral; brother of Sir Edward Campbell Rich Owen; midshipman in the Culloden in battle of 1 June 1794; explored Maldlve islands, 1806, and discovered Seaflower Channel, Sumatra, 1806; nerved against Dutch in East Indies; taken by French, 1808; surveyed Canadian hikes, 1815-16, west and east African coasts, 1821-6; settled Fernando Po, 1827; published Narrative of Voyages to explore shores of Africa, Arabia, and Madagascar 1833; vice-admiral, 1844.

[1] Gillananaemh O'Duinn (1102-1160), Irish historian; chief poet of the king of Leinster; five of his historical poems extant.

[2] Feardorcha O'Farrelly (fl.–1736), Irish poet; his works chiefly in manuscript books in farmhouses of Meath and Cavau.

[3] Richard More O'Ferrall (1797-1880), governor of Malta; M.P., co. Kildare, 1830-46 and 1859-65, co. Longford, 1860-1: a lord of the treasury, 1835; secretary to the admiralty, 1839, to the treasury, 1841; privy councillor, 1847; governor of Malta, 1847-51.

[4] Offa (fl. 709), king of the East-Saxons ; died while on pilgrimage at Rome.

[5] Offa (d. 796), king of the Mercians from 757 : subjugated the Hestingt, 771; defeated Kentishmen at Otford, 776; subjected the East-Saxons and gained London; defeated West-Saxons at Bensington, 779, and took territory beyond Severn from Welsh: made Offa's Dyke from mouth of Wye to mouth of Dee; allied himself with the West-Saxon house, 789; described as King of the English by Pope Hadrian I, who sanctioned formation of archbishopric of Lichfield, 788; made first yearly payments to Rome: traded and corresponded with Charlemagne; a liberal benefactor of some monasteries; made alliance with Northumbria in later years; caused Ethelbert (d. 794) , king of East Anglia, to be beheaded, 794; again at war with Welsh and men of Kent. His laws are not extant, but were used by Alfred.

[6] Baroness Offaley (1588?–1658). See Lettice Digby.

[7] Lords of Offaly, or Barons of. See FITZGERALD, Gerald rf. 1204; FITZGERALD, MAURICK, 1194?-1257; John Fitzthomas , first EARL OF KILDAKK, d. 1316; Thomas Fitzgerald, tenth EARL OF KILDARE, 1513-1537.

[8] Sir Thomas Offley (1505?–1582), lord mayor of London: educated under William Lily at St. Paul's School, London; master of Merchant Taylors Company, London, 1547; alderman, 1549; sheriff, 1553: lord mayor of London, 1556; knighted, 1667; originated night bellmen; made many charitable bequests.

[9] George Offor (1787–1864), editor and biographer of Bunyan, and collector of early English bibles, psalters, and testaments; most of his library burnt at Sotheby's, 1865.

[10] Andrew Offord (d. 1358), clerk or master in chancery; brother of John de Offord; employed in negotiations with the pope, France, Castile, Flanders, and Bavaria: one of the council of regency, 1345: prebendary of Salisbury and York; provost of Wells, 1350; had charge of great seal, 1353.

[11] John de Offord or Ufford (d. 1349), chancellor of England and archbishop-elect of Canterbury: educated probably at Cambridge; dean of arches; archdeacon of Ely, 1335; keeper of the privy seal, 1342; dean of Lincoln, 1344; chancellor of England, 1345-9; much employed in negotiations with European courts; archbishop-elect of Canterbury, 1348.

[12] Domnhall O'Fihely (fl. 1505), author of lost 4 Irish Annals.

[13] Maurice O'Fihely (d. 1513), archbishop of Tuam: knowu as Mauritius de i'ortu; regent of Franciscan schools at Milan, 14; lectured on theology at Padua; archbishop of Tti.un, 1506, but eoutuiuni t. n-side in lUily: present at Lateran council, 1612; edited works by

[14] Roderic O'Flaherty (1629-1718), historiographer; published Ogygia, seu rerum Hibernicarum H.rnnologia 1685; his Chorographical Dewnpt.oi, of West or H-Iar Oonnaught edited by James Hardiman, 1846.

[15] Fiacha O'Flyn (d. 1256). See Florence MacFlynn.

[16] Oftfor (d. 692), bishop of Worcester; consecrated, 692.

[17] David Ogborne (fl. 1740–1764), artist and author best known by his picture representing the Dunmow flitch of bacon ceremony.

[18] Elizabeth Ogborne (1769–1863), author of an unfinished History of Essex; daughter of David Ogborne

[19] John Ogborne (fi. 1770–1790), stipple-engraver; possibly son of David Ogborne

[20] James Ogden (1718–1802), Manchester poet and author of A Description of Manchester (1783).

[21] Jonathan Robert Ogden (1806–1882), musical composer; pupil of Moscheles and August Friedrich Christoph Kollman; published Holy Songs and Musical Prayers 1842.

[22] Samuel Ogden (1626?–1697), presbyterian divine; of Christ's College, Cambridge; B.A.; vicar of Mackworth, 1657-62: kept school there, and afterwards at Derby and Wirksworth.

[23] Samuel Ogden (1716–1778), divine; of Manchester School and St. John's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1741, D.D., 1753, senior fellow, 1758; master of free school, Halifax, 1744-53; popular as preacher at round church of the Holy Sepulchre, Cambridge, 1753-71; Woodwardian professor of geology, 1764-78; incumbent of Lawford and Stansfield, 1766-78; classical scholar and orientalist.

[24] John Ogilby (1600–1676), author and printer; in early life taught dancing; employed by Straff ord in Irehind, where he became deputy-master, and afterwards master of the revels; entrusted with poetical part of Charles II's coronation, 1661; bis house and booksellersstock destroyed in fire of London, 1666; afterwards set up large printing establishment and became 'king's cosmographer; published verse translations of Virgil, Ksop's Fables and Homer, with plates by Hollar, and printed an edition of the bible (Cambridge, 1660), a folio Virgil,Entertainment of Charles II i{ $ many geographical works. He was ridiculed by Dryden and Pope, but utilised by the latter.

[25] Charles Atmore Ogilvie (1793–1873), theologian; fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, 1816-34; M.A., 1818, D.D., 1842, lecturer, 1836; rector and vicar of ROBS from 1839; first regius professor of pastoral theology at Oxford, 1842-73: canon of Christ Church, 1849; friend of Routh and Blanco White.

[26] James Ogilvie (1760–1820), claimant of earldom of Fiudlater; lectured in Virginia; published Philosophical Essays 1816.

[27] John Ogilvie or Ogilby (1580?–1615), Jesuit; admitted to the society at Olmütz and ordained at Paris; came to Scotland in disguise, 1613: visited London and Paris, 1614; arrested at Glasgow and examined by special commission at Edinburgh, where, being denied sleep and rot, he revealed names of accomplices; tried and executed for stirring up rebellion.

[28] John Ogilvie (1733–1813), presbyterian divine and author; M.A. Aberdeen; minister of Midmar from 1769; D.D. Aberdeen, 1766; member of committee for revision ofScottish Translations and Paraphrases 1776; published poems and apologetic treatises.

[29] John Ogilvie (1797–1867), lexicographer; a ploughman till twenty-one; M.A. Aberdeen, 18*8; hon. LL.D. Aberdeen, 1848; mathematical master in Gordon's Aberdeen, 1831-W: compiled Imperial lu-I860 fsuDDlenicnt 1866), Comprehensive English and

[30] William Ogilvie (1736–1819), professor of humanity and advocate of common property in land; fttudied at Glasgow, Aberdeen, and Edinburgh; professor of phllosophyKing's College, Aberdeen, 1762-5,, of humanity 1765-1817: hon. D.D. Columbia College, 1793; advocated union of Mariwhal and King's College?; pubSbedB Mav on the Right of Property in Land( 1781) advocating common ownership; classical scholar and numismatist

[31] Alexander Ogilvy, second Baron of Inverquharity (d. 1466), sheriff of Kincardine; excommunicated for raid on Bishop Kennedy's lands in Fife and Angus 1444; died in Finhaven Castle after his defeat and capture by the master of Crawford.

[32] Sir Alexander Ogilvy, first baronet and Lord Forglen (d. 1727), Scottish judge ; created baronet, 1701 : M.P. for Banff burgh in Scots parliament, 1702-7; lord of session, 1706; commissioner for the union.

[33] David Ogilvy, Lord Ogilvy and titular Earl of Airlie (1725–1803), Jacobite; of Aberdeen and Edinburgh Universities; joined Prince Charles Edward with six hundred men, 1745: commanded cavalry during retreat from Derby; fought at Falkirk, 1746, and Cullodeu, 1746; escaped to Norway: lived in France till 1778, becoming lieutenant-general in French army; returned to Scotland, being restored to full rights, 1782.

[34] Sir George Ogilvy, of Dunlugas, first Baron Banff (d. 1663), created baronet of Nova Scotia, 1627; slew his cousin James, 1628: supported the royal cause against the covenanters, whom he defeated in the Trot of Turriff, 1639; one of the accusers of Hamilton, 1634; created a Scots peer, 1642.

[35] Sir George Ogilvy, of Barras, first baronet (ft. 1A34-1679), created a Nova Scotia baronet at the Restoration for his defence of Dunottar Castle against Cromwell and preservation of the regalia of Scotland, 1661-2.

[36] James Ogilvy or Ogilvie, fifth or sixth Baron of Airlie (d. 1605), partisan of Mary Queen of Soots: a lord of the articles, 1559; joined Mary's raid against Moray; subscribed band for Bothwell marriage, 1667, and Hamilton band of 1568; declared a rebel, 1569; escaped Morton's attack, 1569, and went abroad; employed by Mary Queen of Scots to negotiate with Mar nnd Morton, 1571 and 1577; member of the privy council and one of the eight notable men 1578; subscribed confection of laitb, 1581; intermediary between Mary Queen of 8co*3 Ind James VI; helped to overthrow Morton, IMliF &whose death he obtained grants of land.

[37] James Ogilvy, first Earl of Airlie, (1593?-1666), royalist; grandson of James Ogilvy, fifth or sixth baron Ogilvy of Airlie; created earl, 1639; joined Montrose, 1644; bis forfeiture rescinded, 1647.

[38] James Ogilvy, second Earl of Airlie (1615?-1704?), aide-de-camp of Montrose; son of James Ogilvy, first earl of Airlie; held Airlie Castle against covenanters, and was allowed by Montrose to escape, 1840; accompanied Montrose to court of Charles I, 1643; captured in Lancashire carrying despatches to the king, 1644: released from prison after Kilsyth, 1645, but captured at Philipbaugh, 1646; was condemned to death, bat escaped and secured pardon; took part in Pluscardon's rising, 1649; again captured, 1661, and imprisoned in Tower of London till 1657; declared for William of Orange at the revolution.

[39] James Ogilvy, fourth Earl of Findlater and first Earl of Seafield (1664-1730), lord chancellor of Scotland; called to bar, 1685; M.P., Banffshire, 1681-2 and 1689-95; wlicttor-gtmeral, 1683; secretary of etate, 1694-1708, and joint-secretary, 1704-6; created Viscount Seafield and appointed president of the parliament, 1698; unpopular as opponent of the African Company; commissioner to general assembly, 1700; created earl, 1701; commissioner for the union, 1702, and active as its promoter, 17o-7: lord chancellor of Scotland, 1703-4 and 1W-7; Scottish representative peer from 1707: privy councillor of England, 1707; lord chief baron in the court of exchequer, 1707; succeeded as Earl of Findlater, 1711; moved repeal of the union, 1713, but soon afterwards became keeper of the great seal.

[40] James Ogilvy, sixth Earl of Findlater and third Earl of Seafield (1714?-1770), agriculturist; known as Lord Deskford till 1764; Scots commissioner of customs, 1754-61; a lord of police, 1765.

[41] John Ogilvy (.ft. 1592–1601), political adventurer (Powrie-Ogilvy); professed to be accredited agent of James VI in Flanders and at Rome, 1595, and in Spain, 1596; imprisoned at Barcelona; employed by Cecil in Scotland asJohn Gibson 1600.

[42] Sir Patrick Ogilvy or Ogilvie, seventh Baron of Boyne (fl. 1707), a lord of session, 1681; kniuhti-d, 1681; M.P., Bauffshire, 1669-93; signed the assurance and entered into relations with the Pretender,

[43] Sir Walter Ogilvy or Ogilvie (d. 1440), of Lintrathen; lord high treasurer of Scotland, 1425-31; commissioner to negotiate with England, 1430; treasurer of the household, 1431.

[44] Nial O'Glacan (fl. 1629-1655), physician; native of Donegal; treated patients for plague in France; published Tractatus de Peste 1629; afterwards professor at Toulouse and physician to the king; published, at Bologna, Cursus Medicus 1646-55.

[45] Sir John Oglander (1585–1655), author of Diary (ed. W. H. Long, 1888); of Balliol College, Or ford, and the Middle Temple; knighted, 1615: deputygovernor of the Isle of Wight, 1624-43; sheriff of Hampshire; arrested for royalism, 1643 and 1651.

[46] Sir Chaloner Ogle (1681?–1750), admiral of the fleet; entered the navy, 1697; when commander of the Tartar frigate made valuable prizes in the Mediterranean; knighted1723) for capture of pirates off Cape Lopez; commander-in-chief in Jamaica, 1732; rear-admiral, 1739; with Vernon in attack on Carthageaa, 1742, succeeding him in command; vice-admiral, 1743; admiral. 1744; admiral and commander-in-chief, 1749.

[47] Sir Charles Ogle , second baronet (1775–1858), admiral of the fleet: grand-nephew of Sir Chaloner Ogle ; entered the navy, 1787; posted, 1797; commanderin-chief in North America, 1827-30, at Portsmouth, 1845-8.

[48] Charles Chaloner Ogle (1851–1878), 'The Times' correspondent in Montenegro and Thessaly, 18761878; probably assassinated by Turks at Katochori, near Volo, after second battle of Macrynitza.

[49] George Ogle (1704–1746), translator of Anacreon and Horace; published Antiquities explained(vol. i.), 1737; contributed to modernised versions of Chaucer, 1741.

[50] George Ogle (1742–1814), Irish politician and composer of Banna's Banks and Molly Asthore; as M.P. for Wexford county, 1768-96, and Dublin, 1798-1800, in Irish parliament supported legislative independence, but opposed catholic emancipation; colonel in the volunteers, 1782: Irish privy councillor, 1783: governor of Wexford, 1796; represented Dublin in imperial parliament, 1801-4.

[51] James Adey Ogle (1792–1857), physician; of Eton and Trinity College, Oxford; M.A., 1816; M.D., 1820; studied also at Edinburgh and on the continent: practised at Oxford and became Aldrich professor of medicine, 1824, clinical, 1830, and regius professor, 1851; as mathematical tutor at Trinity College, Oxford, had John Henry Newman as pupil; advocated establishment of science school at Oxford, 1841; F.R.C.P., 1822; F.R.S., 1826; Harveian orator, 1844.

[52] Sir 'John Ogle (1569–1640), military commander ; sergeant-major-general under Sir Francis Vere in the Low Countries, 1691; as lieutenant-colonel rallied the English forces at Nieuport, 1600: knitted, 1603: helped to recover Sluys, 1604; governor of Utrecht for the stadthnldcr Maurice, 1610-18; granted coat-armour by James I, 1616; member of the council of war, 1624; active member of the Virginia Company; employed in Ireland under Wentworth.

[53] John Ogle (1647?–1685?), gamester and buffoon; mentioned in the Tatler ( No. 132).

[54] Owen Ogle, second Baron Ogle (fl. 1483–1494), son of Robert Ogle, first baron Ogle; first summoned to parliament, 1483, lut nmnoed 11*5- with Urnry Vll's nrmy at Stoke, 1486, and Surrey's at relief.if Norham, 1494.

[55] Sir Robert de Ogle (d. 1362), soldier; captured five Scottish knights, and was allow.-.! to,-;i-t-llnte Ogle House, Northumberland, 1341: distinguished himself in resisting the foray into Cumberland of Sir William Douglas, 1345; fought at Neville's Grow, 1346; held Berwick Castle, 1366.

[56] Robert Ogle, first Baron Ogle (d. 1469), Yorkist; descendant of Sir Robert de Ogle; sln-riif of Northumberland, 1438; brought six hundred men to the Yorkists at first battle of St. Albans, 1465; summoned to parliament as baron, 1461, and made warden of the east marches; received grants of forfeited Percy and Talboys estates; distinguished himself in the dash upon Holy island, 1462; constable of Bamborough, 1464.

[57] James Edward Oglethorpe (1696–1785), colonist of Georgia; entered the army, 1710; of Corpus Christ! College, Oxford; served as volunteer in eastern Europe with Prince Eugene; chairman of parliamentary committee on debtorsprisons, 1729; obtained charter for settlement of Georgia as a refuge for paupers and a barrier for British colonies against Spanish aggression, 1732: encountered during his administration of the new colony much opposition, owing to his prohibition of negro slavery and rum, and had difficulties with the Weslc-ys and Whitfield; successfully, nnd partly at his own expense, defended Georgia against the Spaniard?, allying himself with the Indians, but failed in an attack on St. Augustine, 1740; named brigadier-general, 1743; returned to England, 1743; served hi Lancashire against the Jacobites, 1745; was accused by Cumberland of misconduct, and, though acquitted, did not return to military life; as M.P., Haslemere, for thirty-two years acted at first with the Jacobite tories, and afterwards as an independent whig; friend of Dr. Johnson and his circle, and immortalised by Pope.

[58] Owen Oglethorpe (d. 1559), bishop of Carlisle; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1526: M.A., 1529; D.D., 1536; president of Magdalen, 1535-52; junior proctor, 1533, and vice-chancellor, 1551; held numerous livings and a canonry of Christ Church, Oxford; canon of Windsor and one of Cranmer's commissioners on the sacrament*, 1540; entertained Peter Martyr, Bucer, and Coverdale at Magdalen College, Oxford, but was much attacked by the puritans, and obliged to retire from the presidency, 1552; reappointed by Queen Mary; one of the Oxford divines who disputed with Cranmer, Ridley, and Latimer: dean of Windsor, 1563: as bishop of Carlisle (1557-9) crowned Queen Elizabeth, but was deprived, 1559; founded a school at Tadcaster, his birthplace.

[59] Sir Theophilus Oglethorpe (1650–1702), brigadier-general; serred in Charles IPs lifeguards; as lieutenant-colonel of royal dragoons commanded advance iriiiird of Monmouth at Bothwell Brigg, 1679; routed rebels at Keynsbam and led charge at Sedgmoor. 1685; brigadier-general and principal equerry to James II; returned from France and took oaths to William and Mary, 1698; M.P., Haslemere, 1698-1702; his daughter Anne said to have been mistress of James Edward, the Old Pretender.

[60] Maelmuire O'Gorman (d. 1181), martyrologist and abbot of Cnoc or Loath, known also as Marianus Gorman and Maelmuire O'Dunmn; his Martyrology in Irish verse (composed, 1156-73), recently edited by Dr. Whitley Stokes for Bradshaw Society.

[61] The O'Gorman Mahon (1800-1891). See Charles James Patrick Mahon.

[62] Standish O'Grady, first Viscount Guillamore (1766-1840), lord chief baron of the Irish exchequer, 18061831; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1784; attorney-general, 1803; a noted wit; created Irish peer, 1831.

[63] '^ Standish O'Grady, second Viscount Guillamore(1792-1848), soldier; son of Standish O'Grady, first viscount Guillamore; did good service as ofilcer of the 7th hussars at Waterloo and on the precelini; day: afterward* lieutenant-colonel.

[64] Francis Ogston (1808-1887), professor at Aberdeen; M.D. Edinburgh, 1824: M. l.on. I.I..;. Aberdeen: first professor of medi.al furispradence at Aberdeen.: hisLectures(1878) a standard work in Knirlaiid and Germany.

[65] John O'Hagan (1822-1890), judge; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 186ft: called to Irish bar, IM:: y.. 185; education commissioner, 1861; active member of the Youiiu- Ireland party, and counsel for Gavan Duffy, 1848: judicial commissioner under Irish Land Act of 1881, and patriotic song-writer.

[66] Thomas O'Hagan, first Baron O'Hagan (1812-1886), lord chancellor of Ireland; called to Irish bar, 1836; edited Newry Examiner 1836-40; friend and sapporter of Daniel o'CniintlK 1776-1847), but oppowd his repeal policy and upheld the national gyxtem of education; defended Gavan Duffy in libel case, 184S, and acted under Whiteside in trials of 1843-4; offered retainer* both by crown and repealers at trials of the agitators, 1848; Q.C., 1849; defended Father Petcheriue, 1865; third Serjeant and bencher of King's Inns, 1869; solicitorgeneral for Ireland, 1861, attorney-general, 1862; whig M.P. for Tralee, 1863; judge of common pleas in Ireland, 1865-8; lord chancellor of Ireland, 1868-74 and 188O-1; created peer, 1870, he carried bill for amending the Irish jury system: first vice-chairman of the intermediate education board (established, 1878), and first vice-chancellor of the Royal University of Ireland (founded, 1880).

[67] Donat O'Haingli or Donngus (d. 1095), bishop of Dublin, 1084-95; a monk of Lanfranc's monastery at Canterbury.

[68] Samuel O'Haingli (d. 1121), last bishop of Dublin, 1096-1121; nephew of Douat O'Haingli; was consecrated by Anselm, but neglected canonical obedience.

[69] Sir Joseph O'Halloran (1763-1843), major-general in East India Company's service; son of Sylvester O'Halloran; entered Bengal army, 1782; adjutant at Midnapiir, 1802: commanded irregulars against Raja Ram, 1805, and led attacks in Rogoulee and Adieghur, 1809; C.B. for services in Nepaulese campaigns, 1815-16: commandant of 25th Bengal infantry in Straits Settlements, 1818-25; brigadier-general, lt28; knighted after return to England, 1835; major-general, 1837; G.C.B., 1841.

[70] Lawrence Hynes O'Halloran (1766-1831). See Halloran.

[71] Sylvester O'Halloran (1728-1807), surgeon and antiquary: studied at Paris and Leyden; practised at Limerick, specialising in ophthalmic surgery and treatment of injuries to the head; hon. M.R.C.S. of Ireland, 1786; publishedlerne Defended 1774, and General History of Ireland to close of the 12th Century (1774).

[72] Thomas Shuldham O'Halloran (1797-1870), Australian administrator; second son of Sir Joseph O'Halloran: served with 17th foot in Nepaul, 1814-16, and Deccan, 1817-18; on Dunkin's staff in Burmese war, 1824-6; with 6th regiment at Saugor, 1829-34; retired, 1838; settled in South Australia and became commandant of the militia and police commissioner, 1840–3, member of the nominated council, 1843-51, and of the elected legislative council, 1857-63.

[73] William Littlejohn O'Halloran (1806-1885), auditor-general of South Australia; son of Sir Joseph O'Halloran; served with the 14th and 38th foot, 1824-32; retired, 1840, and went to Australia and became private secretary to the governor and clerk of the councils, 1843: auditor-general, 1851-68.

[74] Redmond O'Hanlon (d. 1681), Irish outlaw; having lost his estates during the civil wars became a leader of tories in Ulster, c, 1670, levying contributions in Armagh, Tyrone, and Down; left many traditions in Slieve Gullion; held out till treacherously shot by his foster-brother under Ormonde's commission.

[75] See O'Haingli.

[76] Sir Charles O'Hara, first Baron Tyrawley (1640?-1724), general; lieutenant-colonel of 1st footiuard*, 1688; knighted, 1689: served under William III in Flanders and received colonelcy of royal fusiliers (7th foot); distinguished himself at capture of Vigo and burning of Spanish fleet, 1703, and at Guadulaxara, 1708: created an Irish peer, 1706: Galway's eecond-incommand in Spain, leading tin- left wing at Almanza, where be was wounded; privy councillor, 1710; supported Oalway against Peterborough in debate on SDantah campaign; general, 1714; commauder-in-chief SlreUnd, 1714-21.

[77] Charles O'Hara (1740?-1802), general; grandson of Sir Charles O'Hara; entered Coldstreum guards, of which his father was colonel, 1756: aide-de-camp to Granby after Minden; quartermaster-general under Tyrawley in Portugal, 1763; commandant atGoree, 1766; commanded brigade of guards in America, being wounded at Quilford Courthouse, 1781; and captured at York town, 1781; major-general and colonel of 22nd, 1782; lieutenant-general, 1793, when he was wounded and captured by the French at Toulon; governor of Gibraltar (where be died), 1795-1803: general, 1798; friend of Horace Walpole, and for some time engaged to Mary Berry.

[78] James O'Hara, Baron Kilmaine and second Baron Tyrawley (1690-1773), field-marshal and diplomatist; wounded at Almanza and Malplaquet: succeeded his father, Sir Charles O'Hara, first baron Tyrawley, as colonel of the royal fusiliers, 1713; created Baron Kilmaine of Ireland, 1722: succeeded to English peerage, 1724; ambassador in Portugal, 1728-41 and 1752-6, and in Russia, 1743-5; major-general, 1739, lieutenant-general, 1743; governor of Minorca, 1762-6, and Gibraltar, 1756-7; general, 1761; field-marshal and governor of Portsmouth, 1763; plenipotentiary and general in Portugal, 1762-3.

[79] Kane O'Hara (17147-1782), burlesque writer; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1735; lived at Dublin; travestied Italian burletta inMidas produced also The Golden Pippin 1773,The Two Misers," 1775, and other pieces.

[80] Cineth O'Hartagain (d. 975), Irish poet.

[81] Francis O'Hearn (1753-1801), divine and traveller; rector of the Irish College, Louvain; wrote poems in Flemish; travelled in Eastern Europe and Siberia; died parish priest in Waterford.

[82] Patrick O'Hely (d. 1578), Roman catholic bishop of Mayo; Franciscan in Spain; afterwards went to Rome: bishop of Mayo, 1576-8; tried at Kilmallock and ?.:uiil.

[83] Denis O'Hempsy (1695?-1807), Irish harper;, travelled all over Ireland; played before Prince Charles I Edward at Holyrood, 1745; attended Belfast meeting of harpers, 1792.

[84] Matthew O'Heney (d. 1206), archbishop of Cashel and (1192) papal legate for Ireland; died a Cistercian monk of Holy Cross (Tipperary); his works lost.

[85] Cormac Higgin (fl. 1590), Irish poet.

[86] Domhnall Higgin (d. 1502), professor of poetry in the schools of Ireland; wrote a poem in praise of Ian MacDonald.

[87] Domhnall O'Higgin (fl. 1600), Irish poet.

[88] Maolmuire O'Higgin (d. 1591), poet and archbishop of Tuam; died at Antwerp.

[89] Mathghamlain O'Higgin (fl. 1584), bard to the O'Byrnes of Wicklow.

[90] Tadhg Mór O'Higgin (d. 1315), poet and tutor to Magbnus O'Connor Oonnacht.

[91] Tadhg Óg O'Higgin (d. 1448), poet; bard to Tadhg O'Connor Sligo and afterwards to the chief of Ui Maine.

[92] Teague O'Higgin (d. 1617), blind poet (Tadhg dall Ua hUiginn), brother of Maolmuire O'Higgin q. v.; panegyrised the O'Neills and unrkes: urged Sir Brian 0-Rourke (f. 1M1) to attack the English, c. 5688; described the home-life of the Maguires.

[93] Don Ambrosio O'Higgins (Higgins), Marquis of Osorno (1720?–1801), viceroy of Peru; of humble Irish parentage; as captain of cavalry in the Chilian service defeated the Indians and founded San Carlos, 1770; when intend. mt of Concepcion entertained La Perouse, founded San Aiiibrosiode Ballenar, and made the road from Santiago to Valparaiso; major-general 1789, and viceroy of Chili, 1789-96; rebuilt OHorno and was created marquis, 1792; lieutenant-general, 1794; viceroy of Peru, 1795-1801; father of Bernardo, liberator of Chili.

[94] Ohthere (fl. 880), Norse explorer in the service of Alfred the Great; sailed from Halogaland round the North Cape and along the north coast of Lapland to the mouth of the Dwina, and thence southwards to Schleswig.

[95] Dermot O'Hurley (1519?-1584), archbishop of Cashel; professor of philosophy at Louvain, c. 1559, and of canon law at Rheims; while at Rome plotted against the English government, which having been apprised of his coming to Ireland as archbishop of Cashel (1581), captured him at Carrick-on-Suir, discovered his correspondence with Desmond and Baltinglas, and, after causing him to be tortured, had him condemned by martial law and hanged at Dublin.

[96] Eochaidh O'Hussey (fl. 1630), Irish poet (Ua hEodhasa).

[97] '^ Maelbrigde O'Hussey or O'Heoghusa (d. 1614), Irish Franciscan (in religion Bonaventura); guardian of Louvain, where he died; author of devotional works and poems in the Irish language.

[98] Eachmarcach O'Kane (1720-1790), Irish harper; sometimes known as Acland, played at Rome and Madrid, also in France and Scotland.

[99] George Colwell Oke (1821–1874), legal writer, chief clerk to the lord mayor of London: published works including Oke's Magisterial Synopsis 1849, and Magisterial Formalist 1850.

[100] John O'Kearney or Carney (O'Cearnaigh) (d. 1600 ?), Irish divine. See Kearney.

[101] Eoghan O'Keefe (1666-1726), Irish poet; parish priest of Doneraile.

[102] Adelaide O'Keeffe (1776-1855?), poet and novelist; daughter of John O'Keeffe.

[103] John O'Keeffe (1747-1833), dramatist; twelve years an actor in Henry Mossop's company at Dublin, but gradually became blind: his Tony Lumpkin in Town produced at the Hay market, 1778: lived in England from 1780 and wrote comic pieces for the Haymarket and Covent Garden, London, among which Wild Oats is still played, and The Castle of Andalusia was revived by Buckstone; author of the famous song I am a Friar of Orders Grey(in his operaMerry Shei-wood: received a benefit at Covent Garden, 1800, and a royal pension, 1820; published Recollections 1826.

[104] Charles O'Kelly (1621-1695), Irish historian; served in the royal army in Ireland and France: afterwards in the Spanish service; sat in James II's Irish parliament, 1689: defended Connaught under Sarsfield; his Macariae Excidium (1692) edited by Crofton Croker, 1841, by John Cornelius O'Callaghan, 1860, and Count Plunket, 1894; author also of the lost O'Kelly Memoirs.

[105] Dennis O'Kelly (1720?-1787), owner of the racehorse Eclipse and of a famous talking parrot; made a fortune by gaming and horse-breeding.

[106] Joseph O'Kelly (1832-1883), geologist: M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1860; secretary to Irish Geological Survey, 1865.

[107] Patrick O'Kelly (1754-1835?), Bard O'Kelly; author of the Doneraile Litany and other verses.

[108] Ralph O'Kelly (d. 1361), archbishop of Cashel.

[109] Francis Okely (1719?-1794), minister of the Unitas Fratrum at Bedford and Nottingham; of the Charterhouse School and St. John's CoHege, Cambridge: B.A., 1739: translated and edited mystical works by Jacob Behmen and others.

[110] John Okeover, Okever, or Oker(fl. 1619 16.14), organist of Wells Cathedral; M.B., New College, Oxford, 1633; composer of 'fancies'.

[111] Richard Okes (1797–1888), provost of King's College, Cambridge; Browm- 1 - medallist. !*. and 1M2U; scholar and fellow of King's College, Cambridge; provost, MO HS; some time master at Kton; editor of Musar Etonenses 1780-1833.

[112] John Okey (d. 1662), regicide; colonel of dragoons at Naseby, 1645; led storming party at Bath, but was captured ut Bristol, 1646: present at i i ngan'a, 1648; signed Charles I's death-warrant, 1649; created master of arts at Oxford, 1649; took part in and described storming of Dundee, 1651; sat in parliament, 1654; opposed the protectorate and was cashiered for circulating a petition against it; arrested for renewed opposition to Cromwell, 1658; represented Bedfordshire- in Richard Cromwell's parliament, which restored him to command; again cashiered for resistance to Lambert, 1659, but regained his regiment the same year; being deprived by Monck, joined Lambert at Daventry, 1660; fled to Germany; arrested at Delft; executed in England.

[113] Samuel Okey (fl. 1765–1780), mezzotinting ver after Reynolds; afterwards priuteeller at Newport, Rhode island, U.S.A.

[114] John de Okham (fl. 1317–1322), baron of the exchequer, 1317-22.

[115] Robert Oking (fl. 1525–1554), archdeacon; D.C.L. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1534; commissary of Cambridge University, 1529, Bangor, 1534; archdeacon of Salisbury, 1539-52; a moderate reformer.

[116] Olaf Godfreyson (d. 941), leader of the Ostmen and king of Dublin (934) and Deira (940); took Lodore, 935; plundered Clonmacnoise abbey; fought at Brunanburh, 937, under Olaf Sitricsou; killed near Dunbar.

[117] Olaf Sitricson (d. 981), leader of Ostmen, and king of Dublin and Deira (called in sagas Olaf the Red); married daughter of Constantine II of Scotland; defeated, with Olaf Godfreyson and Constantino II, by Athelstan at Brunanbnrh, 937; shared kingship of Northumbrians with Olaf Godfreyson, 940-1, and afterwards with Reginald; driven out by Eadmuud, 944; restored Dublin and established his rule in Ireland, 945; defeated at Slane by O'Cananain, 947; failed in last attempt on Northumbria, 952, having held Deira since 949; allied himself with Toole in Ireland; slew Cougalach,956; slew the heirs of both northern and southern O'Neill and won victory at Belau, 977; resigned Dublin after defeat of Tara, 980; died at lona.

[118] Olaf (1117?-1238), king of the Isles ('the Black'); set aside by his half-brother, Reginald, and imprisoned (c. 1208-14) by William the Lion of Scotland; driven, after second marriage, from the island of Lewis, the patrimony assigned him by Reginald; recovered the Isles, his paternal kingdom, allowing Reginald to remain king of Man, 1224; king of Man and the Ides, 1226-8; defeated Reginald at Diugwall, 1230; superseded after visit to Norway; shared Man with G aired Don and afterwards ! ruled alone; exchanged allegiance to Norway for subordination to England; visited Henry III, 1235.

[119] John Old (ft. 1545–1555), one of the translators of Erasmus'sParaphrase of the New Testament (1548); commissioner for several dioceses; prebendary of Lincoln and Lichfield; vicar of Cubington, 1645, till accession of Queen Mary; published religious works.

[120] Sir John Oldcastle, styled Lord Cobham (d. 1417), lollard leader; of a Herefordshire family; his age much exaggerated; employed under Henry IV in Welsh marches, where he probably became acquainted with Henry IV's son, Prince Henry; knight of the shire for Herefordshire, 1404; sheriff, 1406-7; married, as second wife, Joan, lady Cobham, 1409; summoned to parliament as baron Cobham till 1413; a leader of troops sent to help Burgundy, 1411; perhaps attached to Prince Henry's household, but never his boon companion; said to have attempted his conversion; attacked by clergy for maintaining heresy in London, Rochester, and Herefordshire, 1413; arrested after vain attempts by Henry V to conArch bishop il.erbishopi, presented a confession oi faith u, th,,,, U rt; after Heterodox declarations as and dcMMfetta of the pope as a. enlarged court, was declared heretic, and banded over to the secular arm; escaped mysteriously from the Tower of London after respite; concealed himself in London daring lolhmi HMUL-; outlawed, 1414; in hiding near Malvern,l4l6: believedtolveen g aReJdeeplymlntrigoi with the Scots and to have instigated attack of Albany and Doughw, 1416; Piirpriwd and captured by Charlton at Cae'r Barwn, near Welshponl, 1417; condemned by parBament; hung and burnt hanging in St. Giles's Fields. He was extravagantly execrated by contemporary writers, but described as a bWl martyr by Bale and Foxe in the next century. Contemporary calumnies revived in --e, and were embodied in Shakespeare's Falstaff, who was originally called Oldcastle. A play of 1600 bore his name, and he is the hero of Wet-vert poem, The Mirror of Martyrs (1601).

[121] Edward Oldcorne (1561–1606), Jesuit; ordained priest and admitted to society at Rome; missioner in England, 16K8; arrested at Hindlip Hall, Worcestershire, with Garnett, after Gunpowder plot; tortured in the Tower of London, but denied complicity; was executed after triaL

[122] John Olde (fl. 1645–1565). See Old.

[123] Henry Oldenbourg (1615?–1677), first secretary of the Royal Society; bom and educated at Bremen; lived in England, 1640-8; agent of Bremen in England 1663; made the acquaintance of Milton, 1664, and of Robert Boyle while studying at Oxford, 1666-7; travelled as tutor to Richard Jones (Lord Rauelagb), 1667-60 first secretary of the Royal Society, 1663-77; published and edited the Transactions of the society, 1664-77; corresponded with Spinoza; imprisoned on account of political correspondence, 1667; undertook many translations; Huyghens's watch patent assigned to him.

[124] Anne Oldfield (1683–1730), actress; daughter of a guardsman named Oldfield; while living with her mother at the Mitre, St. James's Market, London, was introduced by Vaubrugh to John Rich and engaged at Drury Lane, 1692; appeared as Alinda in Vanbrugh's Pilgrim 1700, and many other parts, but made slow progress till she played Lady Betty Modish, 1704; appeared with seceders at Haymarket in pieces by Cibber and others 1706-8 and 1709-10: returned finally to Drury Lane, 1711, playing there till 1730; excelled both in tragedy and comedy; Cleopatra and Calista her best tragic and Lady Townly her best comic parts; praised by Cibber, Steele, Walpole, and Thomson, but sneered at by Pope; buried in Westminster Abbey, beneath Congreve's monument xliL 961

[125] Henry George Oldfield (d. 1791, antiquary.

[126] John Oldfield or Otefield (1627?–1682), ejected minister; rector of Carsiugton, 1649-62; regular attendant of Wirksworth classis; settled at Alfreton; quoted in Mrs. Gaskell's North and South 1866.

[127] John Oldfield (1789–1863), general; nominated to Woolwich by Cornwallis, in consideration of services of his uncle, Thomas Oldfield: entered royal engineers, 1806; directed inundation of country round Ypres, 1815; made sketch-plan of Waterloo for Wellington and took part in battle; K.H., 1830; commanding royal engineer in Canadian rebellion, 1839; colonel commandant of engineer*, 1869; general, 1862.

[128] Joshua Oldfield (1666–1729), presbyterian minister; son of John Oldfield (1627?-1682); studied at Lincoln College, Oxford, and Christ's College, Cambridge; minister successively at Tooting, Oxford, Coventry, and Globe Alley, Southwark; kept a training academy for presbyterians in Coventry and London: one of Daniel Williams, trustees; moderator at SailersHall conference, 1719; D.D.; intimate with Locke and Calamy.

[129] Thomas Oldfield (1756–1799), major of royal marines; wounded when a volunteer at Bunker's Hill, 1776; served on Cornwallis's staff, 1778-81; distinguished as commander of marines in St. Domingo, 1794; wounded at bombardment of OadU, 1797: assisted in attack on Trnniffc: senior of marines at the Nile, 19H; captured mortally wounded in sortie from Acre.

[130] Thomas Hinton Burley Oldfield (1765-1822), author of Representative History of Great Britain and Ireland 1816.

[131] Sir William Oldhall (1390?–1466?), soldier; won his spurs at Verneuil, 1424; distinguished as seneschal of Normandy in invasion of Maine and Anjou; commandant at La Ferte Bernard, 1449; chamberlain to Richard, duke of York, 1440; speaker, 1460: twice at

[132] Hugh Oldham (d. 1519), founder of Manchester grammar school and bishop of Exeter; educated in household of Thomas Stanley, earl of Derby, and at Queens' College, Cambridge; chaplain to the Lady Margaret (OounteM of Richmond and Derby), from whom he received numerous benefices; as bishop of Exeter (1604-19) had disputes with Archbishop Warham and the abbot of Tavistock: contributed largely to the foundation of Corpus Christi College, Oxford.

[133] John Oldham (1600?–1636), 'pilgrim father'; arrived at Plymouth, Massachusetts, in the Anne, 1623; being expelled for plotting against church and state, went to Nantasket (Hull), 1624; wrecked off Cape Cod, 1626; went to England, but returned, 1629; one of the first settlers in Watertown; projector of first Connecticut plantation; granted island in Narragausett Bay, 1634; murdered by Indians.

[134] John Oldham (1663–1683), poet; B.A. St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1674; three years usher in Whitgift's school, Croydon; afterwards a tutor: befriended by Lord Kingston; eulogised by Waller and Dryden; published several Pindaric odes, the moat important being that to the memory of Charles Morwent: chiefly celebrated for his ironicalSatire against Virtue, Satires upon the Jesuits and his imitations of Horace and other Latin writers, as well as of Bion, Moschus, and Boileau; his Poems and Translations collected, 1683.

[135] John Oldham (1779–1840), engineer; employed by Bank of Ireland and Bank of England, where his machinery for printing and numbering notes was in use till 1853: patented paddle-wheeU for steamers; introduced system of warming buildings.

[136] Nathaniel Oldham (fl. 1740), virtuoso; collected paintings and curiosities; died prisoner for debt in King's Bench.

[137] Thomas Oldham (1801–1851), engineer to Bank of England; son of John Oldham (1779-1840); died at Brussels.

[138] Thomas Oldham (1816–1878), geologist; professor of geology, Trinity College, Dublin, 1845; M.A., 1846; president of Dublin Geological Society, 1846- director of Irish geological survey, 1846-50; discovered Mdhamia fossils at Bray Head, 1849; superintendent of Indian survey, 1860-76; F.R.S., 1848; royal medallist, 187ft

[139] Giles Oldisworth (1619–1678), royalist divine; of Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge: BJu 1643; created M.A. Oxford, 1646: incumbent of Boarton-on-the-Hill, 1645-78: published The Stone Rolled Away (1663) and The Holy Royalist(1664); left also poems in manuscript.

[140] Michael Oldisworth (1691–1654?) parliamentarian politician: fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, !: M A., 1614; secretary to William Herbert, third earl of Pembroke, and his brother Philip, fourth earl; rl ln 1824 ~ 9 8 lw 1 y. 1640-50; witness against Laud, 1644; keeper of Windsor Great Park, 1650; ia*t*r of the prerogative office; much satirised by royalist pamphleteers; eulogised by Herrick.

[141] William Oldisworth (1680–1734), author and translator; of Hart Hall, Oxford; edited several volumes T l f t 27Kxnmincr: PublishedAnnotation* on the M?. * Vcrv tran " latlon f the'Odes and Epodes lorace (withNotes upon Notes), 1712-13, and poems with the Jacobites at Preston, 1715; died a debtor in the King's Bench prison.

[142] John Oldmixon (1673–1742), whig historian and pamphleteer; published poems, 169C; produced at Drury Lane, London, his opera, The Grove, or Love's Paradise 1700, and at Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, his tragedy, 'The Governor of Cyprus 1703; publishedThe British Empire in America 1708. History of Addresses 1709-10; contributed toThe Medley 1711; answered Swift's 'Conduct of AlliesinThe Dutch Barrier Ours 1712; publishedSecret History of Europe(in parts, 1712, 1713, 1716) and other works against the Stuarts; collector of Bridgwater, 1716; attacked Clarendon'sHistory of the Rebellion in hisCritical History 1724-6; placed in theDunciad 1 and theArt of Sinking in Poetryby Pope, in retaliation for reflections upon him; made unwarranted attacks upon Clarendon's editors in his 'History of England during the Reigns of the Royal House of Stuart 1729; published as a second volume, 'History of England during Reigns of William III, Anne, and George I 1735 (third volume, dealing with Tudor period, 1739); hisMemoirs of the Press, 1710-40 issued posthumously, 1742; perhaps author ofHistory and Life of Robert Blake

[143] Valentine Oldys or Oldis (1620–1685), poet and patron of men of letters; M.A. Cambridge, per literas regias, 1671..

[144] William Oldys (1591?–1645), royalist; of Winchester College and New College, Oxford: M.A., 1618, D.D., 1643; vicar of Adderbury, 1627-48; shot by parliamentarians,

[145] William Oldys (1636–1708), admiralty advocate and chancellor of Lincoln diocese; fellow of New College, Oxford, 1666-71; D.C.L., 1667; son of William Oldys (1591 ?-1645)

[146] William Oldys (1696–1761), Norroy king-of-arms and antiquary; grandson of William Oldys (1691 ?-1645) ; one of the sufferers in the South Sea Bubble, 1720; issued Essay on Epistolary Writings 1729; collected valuable library; published a Dissertation upon Pamphlets 1731; edited Ralegh's History of the World prefixing biography, 1736; issued anonymously British Librarian 1737; literary secretary to Earl of Oxford, 1738-41; joint-editor with Dr. Johnson of Harleian Miscellany 1744-6, and drew up and annotated catalogue of Harleian pamphlets; contributed to first edition of Biographia Britannica 1747-60; imprisoned for debt in the Fleet till released by Norfolk; Norroy king-of-arms, 1755-61; his notes for life of Shakespeare used by Reed in appendix to Rowe's Life; wrote life of Cotton for Hawkins's edition of the Compleat Angler (1760): transcripts of his notes to Langbaine'sDramatick Poets made by Percy, Steevens, and Malone; left various works in manuscript.

[147] Arthur O'Leary (1729-1802), Irish priest and politician; while a Capuchin friar at St. Malo acted as chaplain to prisoners in France, 1756-62; settled in Cork, 1771; wrote pamphlets exhorting Romanist? to be loyal to British rule; defended them against Wesley, 1780: publishedEssay on Toleration c. 1781; chaplain to Irish national volunteers, 1782-4. but in receipt of pension from British government to reveal secrets of disaffected Roman catholics: published Addresses to the Common People of Ireland and exerted personal influence against Whiteboys in Mnnster, 1785-6: came to England as chaplain of Spanish embassy, 1789: attended meetings of catholic committee, but opposed its action; preached in Sutton Street, Soho, London.

[148] Ellen O'Leary (1831-1889), Fenian poet; contributed poems to the Irish People 1863-5: assisted James Stephens with his organisation.

[149] Joseph O'Leary (fl. 1835), Irish barrister and writer on tithes.

[150] Joseph O'Leary (d. 1846?), song-writer and journalist: contributed to the Freeholde and other Cork papers, 1818-42; published theTribute 1833; unsuccessful in London; drowned himself in Regent's Canal, London.

[151] Barnabas Oley (1602–1686), royalist divine; M.A. Clare College, Cambridge, 1625; B.D.: fellow time president) of Clare College, Cambridge, and vicar of Great Gransden, Huntingdonshire; began tne n-liuildinu of his college, 1638; brought college plate to Charles I at Nottingham, 1642; ejected from fellowship by the Earl of Manchester, 1644; restored, 16CO: prebendary of Worcester, 1G60-86; edited George Herbert's Remains 1652, and gome works of Thomas Jiieku( 1679-1 640), 1653-7; benefactor of (iniiKden, Worcester Cathedral, and Clare and King's Colleges, Cambridge,

[152] Sir William Oufard (d. 1329). See William Oliphant.

[153] Carolina Oliphant , Baroness Nairne (1766-1845). See Carolina Nairne.

[154] Francis Wilson Oliphant (1818–1869), painter and designer of stained glass; educated at Edinburgh; worked with Pugin at windows in houses of parliament: exhibited historical pictures at Royal Academy; designed windows in Ely Cathedral, King's College, Cambridge, and Aylesbury Church; died at Rome.

[155] James Oliphant (1734–1818), Scottish divine; M.A. Glasgow, 1756; lampooned, when minister of Kilmarnock, by Burns; minister of Dumbarton, 1773; compiled The Mother's Catechism 1772, and Sacramental Catechism 1779.

[156] Sir Laurence Oliphant, of Aberdalgie, first Baron Oliphant (d. 1500?), sat in parliament of 1467; sheriff of Perthshire, 1470: commissioner for treaty with England, 1484; lord of the articles, 1488; privy councillor, 1488: supported the king in rebellion of 1489; ambassador to France and Castile, 1491; keeper of Edinburgh Castle, 1493.

[157] Laurence Oliphant, third Baron Oliphant (d. 1566), succeeded his grandfather, 1516; captured at Solway Moss, 1642; ransomed on conditions, 1543, but did not fulfil bis pledges.

[158] Laurence Oliphant, fourth Baron Oliphant (1529-1593), son of Laurence Oliphant, third baron Oliphant; extraordinary member of privy council, 1565; member of assize for trial of Both well, but signed band for his marriage with Mary Queen of Scots; fought for the queen at Langside, 1568, but signed band for the king 1569; voted against Mary's divorce from Both well; joined anti-Marian party, 1572

[159] Laurence Oliphant (1691–1767), Jacobite; present at Sherriffmuir, 1715: laird of Gask (1732-46); joined Prince Charles Edward at Perth, 1745, and was made governor of the north; present with his son at Falkirk and Culloden, 1746, after which they escaped to Sweden: Gask estates (forfeited) purchased for him, 1753; allowed to return, 1763.

[160] Laurence Oliphant (1829–1888), novelist, war correspondent and mystic; born at Capetown; received a desultory education; travelled with his parents in France, Germany, Italy, and Greece, 1846-8: barrister in Ceylon; publishedJourney to Khatmandu 1852,The Russian Shores of the Black Sea and a Tour through the Country of the Don Cossacks 1853; secretary to Lord Elgin at Washington and in Canada, 1853-4; accompanied Lord Stratford de Redcliffe to the Crimea and represented The Times in Circassia; issued Minnesota and the Far West 1855,The Trans-Caucasian Campaign 1856,Patriots and Filibusters 1860 (describing adventures in Southern States); private secretary to Elgin in China; published Narrative of Mission to China and Japan in 1857-8-9 1859; plotted with Garibaldi in Italy, 1860; in Montenegro, 1861; when first secretary of legation in Japan visited Corea; visited Corfu and the Herzegovina, 1862, and Poland, Moldavia, and SchleswigHolrtein, 1863; contributed to "The Owl 1864; his satirical novel,Piccadilly which had appeared in 'Blackwood 1865, published, 1870: M.P., Stirling burghs, 1865-7; lived at Brocton or Salem-ou-Erie as Thomas Lake Harris's spiritual slave, 1867-70;Timescorrespondent in the Franco-German war; married Miss L'Estrange, 1872; commercially employed by Harris in America; wrote Autobiography of a Joint Stock Company 1876; publishedThe Land of Gikad 1880 (describing first journey to Palestine), andThe Laud of Khemi(Egypt), 1882; freed himself from theprophet Harris and recovered his land at Brocton, 1881; wrote 'Altiora Peto* at Haifa, 1883, where he formed a com munity of.ii-v.-ish immigrant*. and wveral mystical work*; on the d.-ath of his wife (1886) returned temporarily to England: publiBued "EpUodes of Adventure 1887; visited America and married Rosamond Dale Owen, 1888: k House, Twickenham, having finished IMigion.

[161] Margaret Oliphant Oliphant 1828–1897), novelist and historical writer: n4- Wilson; published Passages in Life of Mrs. Margaret Maltlaud 1849, and Merklaud 1851; married her cousin, Francis Wthon Oliphant, 1852: began connection with firm of Messrs. Blackwood. and from 18*3 contributed to Blackwood's Magazine many novels, including Salem Chapel 1863, one of the series of four entitled Chronicles of Carlingford(issued anonymously, 186S-76); published Life of Edward Irving 1862; lived in perpetual embarrassment owing to her undertaking education and maintenance of her widowed brother's children in addition to her own two sons; edited series of monographs on foreign classics, for which she wrote volumes on Dante (1877) and Cervantes ( 1880). Her works include Memoir of Laurence Olipbant (1829-1888) and Alice Oliphant 1892, and Literary History of England in end of Eighteenth and beginning of Nineteenth Century 1882.

[162] Thomas Oliphant (1799–1873), musical composer and writer; president of Madrigal Society, 1871; sung in Handel festival, 1834; publishedComment* of a Chorussinger bySolomon Sackbut 1834: published works on madrigals, also versions of Fidel ioLohengrin and other compositions.

[163] Sir William Oliphant or Olifard (d. 1329), soldier; captured at Dunbar, 1296; forced to serve Edward I in Flanders, 1297; held Stirling Castle against him for ninety days, 1304; prisoner in the Tower of London, 1305; released by Edward II, 1308; held Perth for Edward II during six weeks against Bruce, 1312; returned to England, 1313; received grants from Brace, 1317 and 1326; present at Scots parliaments of 1320 and 1326.

[164] Sir William Oliphant, Lord Newton (1681–1628), lord (king's) advocate; admitted, 1577; advocatedepute, 1604; gained favour of James VI by throwing np his brief for the six ministers, 1606; lord of session, 16111626; lord advocate, 1612-28; member of new high commission court, 1615: present procedure of examining witnesses originated by him.

[165] Oliver of Malmesbury , otherwise Eilmer, Elmer, or Aethelmaer (fl. 1066), astrologer and mechanician; monk of Malmesbury; made himself wings and attempted to fly; prophesied on the great comet of 1066.

[166] Oliver (d. 1219), bastard son of King John ; took part in defence of Dover, 1217; died on crusade at Damietta.

[167] Andrew Oliver (1706–1774), lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts; graduated at Harvard, 1724; secretary of Massachusetts, 1756: hanged in effigy when distributor of stamps, 1765, and compelled to renounce collection; lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts, 1770-4; his letters to Thomas Whateley, one of the secretaries of the English treasury, laid before assembly by Franklin, 1772.

[168] Archer James Oliver (1774–1842), portrait-painter and curator of Academy painting-school; A.R.A., 1807.

[169] Emma Sophia Oliver (1819–1885), painter; wife of William Oliver (1804 ?-1853)

[170] George Oliver (1781–1861), historian of Exeter; taught for eleven years at Stouyhurst; forty-four years Jesuit missioner at St. Nicholas, Exeter: created D.D. by Gregory XVI, 1844; published works, including History of Exeter 1821,Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Devon 3 vols., 1839, 1840, 1842, 4 Lives of the Bishops of Exeter 1861, and biographical notices of jesuite.

[171] George Oliver (1782–1867), topographer and writer on freemasonry; bead-master of Grimsby grammar school, 1809; rector of Scopwick from 1831; perpetual curate of St. Peter's, Wolverhampton, 1834-46; rector of South Hyckham, 1846; deputy past grand master of Lincolnshire masons, 1832; D.D. Lambeth, 1836; published, among other books, topographical works on Great Grimsby, Beverley, and the collegiate church of Wolverhampton. His masonic works include Antiquities of Free-Masonry 123.History of Initiation 1829, Historical Landmarks of Freemasonry 1844-6, and Golden Remains of Early Masonic Writers, 1847-50.

[172] Isaac Oliver, Olivier, or Ollivier (1556?-1617), miniature-painter: perhaps native of Rouen; pupil l.olas Milliard: iiii-ntioii.-l in Kram-is Meres's Palladis Tamia 1598: paintnl portraits, among others, of James I and his family. Sir Philip Sidney, and the family of Sir Kenelm Digby: drew portrait of Queen Elizabeth; his Entombment of Christ much admiral by MBtnmnriM,

[173] John Oliver (d. 1652), dean of Christ Church, Oxford, and master in chancery; D.Can.L. and D.C.L. Oxford. 1522; Wolsey's commissary, 1527; held numerous preferments; employed in divorce proceedings, 1531-3; took part in trials of James Bainham and of Bishops Gardiner, Day, and Heath.

[174] John Oliver (1601–1861), president of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1644-7 and 1660-1: fellow of Merton College, Oxford, 1620; M.A., 1622, D.D., 1639; dean of Worcester, 1660-1.

[175] John Oliver (1616–1701), glass-painter and mastermason; one of the commissioner for rebuilding London after the fire.

[176] John Oliver (1838–1866), Welsh poet.

[177] Martha Cranmer Oliver, 'Pattie' (1834-1880), actress; performed children's parts at Salisbury and Southampton; appeared at the Marylebone, London, 1847; with Madame Vestris at the Lyceum, London. 1849-55; played Helen In The Hunchback at Drury Lane, London, 1856; in burlesques by Byron and Talfourd at the Strand. London, 1857-60; at the Haymarket, London, In Our American Cousin 1861; as managerese of the New Royalty, London, 1866-70, made a great hit with Burnaud's parody of Black-eyed Susan.

[178] Peter Oliver or Olivier (1594–1648), miniature-painter; son of Isaac Oliver; finished his father's Entombment; his copy of Vandyck's portrait of Lady Southampton particularly fine.

[179] Richard Oliver (1734?–1784), politician; born in Antigua; alderman of Billingsgate ward, London, 1770; sheriff, 1772; M.P. for the city, 1770-80; committed to Tower of London by commons, 1771; quarrelled with Wilkes; proposed vote of censure on American policy of ministers, 1775: died at sea on return from Antigua, whither he had been to look after his estates,

[180] Robert Dudley Oliver (1766–1850), admiral; saw service in West Indies, 1782-3; promoted commander after capture of Revolutionnaire, 1794; posted, 1796; commanded Melpomene on French coast, 1803-5; towed prises from Trafalgar; served in second American war, 1813-14; admiral, 1841.

[181] Thomas Oliver or Olivier (d. 1624), physician and mathematician; published New Handling of the Planisphere 1601, and De Sophismatum Praestigiis cavendis Admonitio 1603.

[182] Thomas Oliver (1725–1799).See Olivers.

[183] Thomas Oliver (1734-1815), lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts; graduated at Harvard; erected LoweUs mansion near Cambridge, Massachusetts; lieutenant-governor of Massachusetts, 1774; obliged to renounce his seat on council board after the seizure by the royal troops of the public stock of powder provided for the militia; proscribed, 1778; died at Bristol, England.

[184] Tom Oliver (1789-1864), pugilist, the Chelsea Gardener; beat George Cooper, 1813, and Ned Painter, 1814; M rt l r I 816 and Bm Neat 1818 defeated Hendnck the black, but was beaten by Dan < ftJL?*! skelton ' bufc wa8 defeated & NI Painter, 1820; imprisoned for presence at a fight, 1846.

[185] William Oliver (1659-1716), physician; studied at Leiden university; accompanied Monmouth's expedi; escaped to Holland and went to Poland; with William of Orange, *.,,,. ~- 1 fleet, 1693-1702, to Chatham Hospital, 1709 1714, Greenwich Hospital, 1714-16; published Practical --------, on Ferers 1704, and - racca Dissertation onth Water?;

[186] William Oliver (1695–1764), physician; M.D. Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1725: F.R.S., 1730; Introducal by Ralph Allen to Pope, Warburton, and Borlase; physician to Bath Mineral Water Hospital, 1740 1761; invented the Bath Oliverbiscuit; published Practical Essay on Use and Abuse of Warm Bathing in Gouty Cases 1751; his Faint Sketch of the Life, Character, and Manners of the late Mr. Nashused by Goldsmith,

[187] William Oliver (1804?–1853), landscape-painter ; published Scenery of the Pyrenees 1842.

[188] Thomas Olivers (1725–1799), methodist preacher and hymn-writer; for twenty-two years itinerant preacher; supervisor of Wesleyan press, 1775-89: published tracts and composed the tuneHelmsleyand 'Hymn to the God of Abraham buried in Wesley's tomb.

[189] Charles Ollier (1788–1859), publisher of Shelley's works and first poems of Keats; collected works of Lamb, and some by Leigh Hunt; also issued romances by himself,

[190] Edmund Ollier (1827–1886), author; eon of Charles Oilier; published Poems from the Greek Mythology 1867; edited works by Lamb and Leigh Hunt; compiled for Cassell.

[191] Sir Joseph Francis Olliffe (1808–1869), physician; M.A. Paris, 1829; M.D., 1840; physician to British embassy, 1852; knighted, 1852; an assessor at exhibitions of 1855 and 1862; friend of Count de Morny.

[192] Alfred Ollivant (1798–1882), bishop of Llandaff; of St. Paul's School, London, and Trinity College, Cambridge; Craven scholar, 1820, sixth wrangler, 1821, and senior chancellor's medallist; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1824, D.D., 1836; vice-principal of St. David's, Lampeter, 1827-43; regius professor of divinity at Cambridge University, 1843-9; bishop of Llandaff, 18491882; restored his cathedral and formed Church Extension Society; an Old Testament reviser.

[193] John Ollyffe (1647–1717), divine; B.C.L. New Inn Hall, Oxford, 1672; rector of West Aimer, 1673-93, of Duntoii, 1693-1717; published Essay towards a Comprehension 1701,Defence of Ministerial Conformity 1792 (against Oalamy), and other work.

[194] John Luttrell Olmius, third Earl of Carhampton (d. 1829).

[195] Domnhall O'Lochlainn (1048-1121), king of Ireland; king of Oilech, 1082; received submission of Connaught, 1088, of Munster and Meath, 1090; king of Ireland, 1090-1121; ruled Donegal from 1093; drove Danes from Dublin, 1094; repelled attacks on Ulster; defeated Leinstermen at Donaghmore, 1103.

[196] Muircheartach O'Lochlainn(d. 1166), king of Ireland; grandson of Domhnall O'Lochlainn; defeated the O'Dubhdaa of Ulster, 1139; as chief of Cinel Eoghain defeated Ulidians at Dundrum, 1147; received submission of Dublin Danes and of Leinster, 1149, of Oonnaught, 1150; restored Turlough O'Brien In Munster, 1153; received as king at Dublin by the Danes, 1154; king of Ireland, 1156-66; attended synod of Mellifont, 1157; granted charter to Cistercian abbey of Newry, 1168; deposed king of Meath and defeated Connaughtmen at Ardee, 1159; received submission of Roderic O'Connor and Diarmaid MacMurchadha, 1161; killed in battle with the Ulidians in Armagh.

[197] Sir Colman Michael O'Loghlen, second baronet (1819-1877), judge-advocate-general; son of Sir Michael O'Loghlen; Q.C. in Ireland, 1852; M.P., Clare, 1863: judge-advocate-general, 1868-70; privy councillor, 1868; carried bill admitting catholics to Irish chancellorship.

[198] Sir Michael O'Loghlen, first baronet (17891842), Irish judge; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1809; called to Irish bar, 1811; O'Connell's favourite junior; K.O., 1830; bencher of King's Inn, 1832; Irish solicitor-general under Melbourne, 1834-6, attorney-general, 18351836; baron of the exchequer, 1836; master of the rolls in Ireland, 1837-42; first Roman catholic judge since James II's reign; created baronet, 1838.

[199] Cuan O'Lothchain (d. 1024), chief man of learning (Primheices) to Maelseehlainu II; aftn w;ir. with Corcran Cleirech governed Ireland; wrote a.vniiiit of the kings of Tara.

[200] Fearfeasa O'Maelchonaire (fl. 1636), one of th- authors of Ainuiir- iuatuor MaKixtrornm (Annuls of Kingdom of Ireland): rei-onlnl IIM- oi umr.than forty of Connaught hereditary bardx.

[201] Connor O'Mahony, Cornelius or Constantine (fl. 1650). See Mahony.

[202] Daniel O'Mahony (d. 1714), general in French ami Spanish service.*; left Ireland, 1692; when commanding Dillon's regiment under Villeroy saved Gremoua from the Austrians, 1702; promoted and pensioned by Louis XIV, and knighted by the Old Pretender: afterwards served under Vend&me; transferred to Spanish service, 1704; created marechal-de-camp, 1706; defended Alicante against Sir John Leake, 1706; commanded in Valencia and distinguished himself at head of Iri?h brigade at Almaimi; captured Alcoy, 1708: commanded Spanish in Sicily, 1709; commanded Gallo-Spanish cavalry at Saragossa and Villa Viciosa; created count of Castile and commander of lago and ennobled by Louis XIV; died at Ocana.

[203] John O'Mahony (1816-1877), Irish politician; of Trinity College, Dublin; translated Eeating's Gaelic 4 History of Ireland 1857; seceded from O'Connell, 1845: joined Smith O'Brien, 1848, and fought on borders of Waterford and Kilkenny; fled to France; helped to found Emmet Monument Association in New York, 1854; cooperated with Stephens in formation of Fenian brotherhood, 1858, and directed the movement in America till 1867; died in New York, but was buried at Glasnevin.

[204] George O'Malley (d. 1843), major-general; volunteer in Oastlebar yeomanry during Humbert's invasion, 1798; served with 13th foot at Ferrol and (1801) in Egypt; assisted in recruiting of 101st foot in Mayo, with which be served in New Brunswick and Jamaica, 1808-13; commanded second battalion 44th foot at Quatre Bras and Waterloo, being there wounded and created C.B.; major-general, 1841.

[205] Grace O'Malley(1630?-1600 ?), Irish chieftainess (Graine Ui Maille in Irish); in local traditions Graine Mhaol; married, first, the chieftain of Balliuahinch, secondly, the chief of the Burkes of Mayo; famous as leader of expeditions by sea; allied with Sir Henry Sidney, 1576; captured by Desmond and brought to Dublin, 1577-8: eeized by Sir Richard Bingham for plundering Aran island, but was released; fled to Ulster; pardoned through Ferret's influence; died in great poverty.

[206] Thadeus O'Malley (1796-1877), politician; as a priest several times suspended for advocating reforms in ecclesiastical discipline: supported Doyle's poor-law policy, and national education for Ireland; rector of catholic university, Malta; started The Social Economist 1845; disputed with O'Connell on repeal, and published the 'Federalist supported Butt's movement, 1870; issued 1 Home Rule on the basis of Federalism 1873.

[207] Francis O'Maolmhuaidh (fl. 1660). See Molloy.

[208] Barry Edward O'Meara (1786-1836), surgeon to Napoleon in St. Helena; assistant-surgeon with the 62nd foot in Sicily, Calabria, and Egypt; dismissed the army for participation in a duel at Messina, 1807; nayal surgeon on the Bellerophon and other ships; surgeon to Napoleon at St. Helena; dismissed (1818) for intrigues witli Napoleon; eulogised by Byron in Age of Bronze; partisan of Queen Caroline and O'Connell; wrote pamphlets against Sir Hudson Lowe and denounced his treatment of Napoleon in Napoleon in Exile 1822; published alsoObservations upon the Authenticity of Bourrienne's " Memoirs," * 1831.

[209] Dermod O'Meara or Dermitius (fl. 1610). See Meara.

[210] Edmund O'Meara (d. 1680).

[211] Kathleen O'Meara (1839-1888), novelist and biographer; granddaughter of Barry Edward O'Meara ; lived in Paris; published MX novels, 1867-88, also lives of Frederick Ozanam, 1876, Madame Mohl, 1885, and

[212] Sir John Acworth Ommanney (1773–1855)? admiral; present at UridportV engagement off Lorn nt. 1786: caused SwulMi ni.T.-lmnt ll.vt to be search, contraband of war, 1799; flag-captain on Newfoundland a. 1H04-G:;.n. for services at Navarino, 18*7; K.C.H.. 183H; coumiand.-r on Lisbon station. 1837-40, Malta, 1840–1, Devonport, 1851-4: admiral, 1849.

[213] Albin O'Molloy or Alpin O'Moelmhuaidh (d. 1223), bishop of Ferns, 1187-1228; recommended by King John for archbishopric of Cashel, 1206; sent on mission to Connaught, 120H; attended council at Rome. 1215: excommunicated William Marshal, flrt earl of Pembroke, 1216.

[214] '^ Francis O'Molloy (fl. 1660). See Molloy.

[215] James O'Moran (1736-1794), lieutenant-general in French service: born at Elphin: served in Germany, 1760-1, and America, 1779-83; fought under Dumouriez, 1792; general of division (lieutenant-general), 1792; guillotined in the revolution.

[216] Rory O'More (fl. 1554), Irish rebel (Ruaidhri og ua Mordha).

[217] Rory O'More or Rury Oge (d. 1578), Irish rebel; son of Rory O'More (fl. 1554); pardoned, 1566; fought Ormonde and Queen Elizabeth at the same time, 1572; protected Desmond, 1672; implicated with Kildare, 1574; pardoned on submission to Sidney, 1576: attacked the Pale, 1677; with the O'Connors burned Naas and captured Harrington, but was afterwards defeated; killed by the Fitzpatricks.

[218] Rory O'More (fl. 1620-1652), Irish rebel (called Roger Mourr or More); assisted in concerting rising of 1641: won victory at Julianstown, 1641; negotiated with gentry of the Pale at Crofty, 1641; outlawed, 1642; commanded confederate Irish in King's and Queen's counties, 1643; among Owen Roe O'Neill's followers, 1644; in arms against Kilkenny confederation, 1648; tried to effect arrangement between O'Neill and Ormonde, 1649; commanded foot in Connaught, 1650; had Clanricarde's commission as commander in Ldnster; driven into island of Bofin; said to have escaped to Scotland, but perhaps perished in Ireland; the most humane of the Irish leaders.

[219] '^ Fearfeasa O'Mulconry(fl. 1636). See O'Maelchonaire.

[220] Thomas O'Mullen (fl. 1685-1708). See John Taaffe.

[221] Jeffrey Hamet O'Neal (fl. 1760-1772), miniature-painter.

[222] Henry Nelson O'Neil (1817-1880), historical painter; exhibited at Royal Academy, British Inctitotion, and Society of British Artists; his Boaz and Ruth bought by Prince Albert, 1844; A.R.A., 1860: published 'Lectures on Painting 1866, Satirical Dialogues 1870, and other works.

[223] Sir Brian MacPhelim O'Neill(d. 1574), chief of the O'Neills of Clandeboye; cousin of Shane O'Neill , against whom and other rebellious chiefs he fought in interests of English government: knighted, 1567: served against Turlough Luineach O'Neill, but joined with him in ravaging the Ards, 1572, on learning of the project of Sir Thomas Smith (1513-1577) to plant them with Englishmen; compelled by Walter Devereux, earl of Essex, to submit, 1672, but was again in rebellion, 1573; proclaimed traitor, 1574, and, having been pardoned, was put to death at Essex's instigation.

[224] Charles Henry St. John O'Neill, second Viscount and first Earl O'Neill (1779-1841), grand master of Irieh Orangemen: son of John O'Neill, first viscount O'Neill; created earl, 1800; joint postmaster-general of Ireland, 1807.

[225] Con Bacach O'Neill, first Earl of Tyrone (1484?-1559?), grandson of Henry O'Neill (d. 148) q. v.; invaded the Pale. 15LU but was conciliated by Surrey, the viceroy: defeated by O'Donnell, 1522. intrii:.. against Ormonde. 152*: supported rebellion ofSilken fhoma* 1534-5; nttacked Ardtflass. is;j7: with Ma O'Doonell invad.d tin- rale, but v;u defeated b Lord Leonard Orey at Bullahoe, 1539; again invaded toe Pate. 1541, but after three invasions of Tyrone subto St. Leper, went to England (1542), and was learl; privy councillor of Ireland, 1543, his authority Mbetqaently becoming diminished in Ireland; obliged to take refuge w.thm the Pale.

[226] Daniel O'Neill (1612?-1664), royalist soldier; nephew of Owen Roe O'NeUl; became a protestant and frequented court of Charles I: wounded at siege of Breda, 1638; an active enemy of Strafford; captured by the SooU at Newburn, 1640; implicated in army plots; was impeached, but escaped from the Tower of London, 1642: fought at two battles of Newbury, 1643 and 1644, and at Naseby, 1645, and commanded Rupert's foot at Mantou Moor, 1644; accompanied Randal MacDonnell on mission to Ormonde, and became groom of the bedchamber to Charles I, 1644; went to Ireland and negotiated between Ormonde and Owen Roe, 1649; defended Trim, 1649; commanded Ulster army during Owen Roe's illness; made terms with Ireton: captured in Scotland bat released, 1650; joined in Charles IPs invasion of 1651; subsequently employed in royalist intrigues abroad, having great influence with Charles II; received pension and numerous grants of land at Restoration; postmastergeneral, 1663; nicknamed Infallible Subtle

[227] Eliza O'Neill (1791-1872). See Eliza Becher.

[228] Sir Felim O'Neill (1604?-1653). See Phelim O'Neill.

[229] Flaithbheartach O'Neill (d. 1036), king of Ailech; son of Muircheartach; made war on Ulidians, Meatb, and the O'Donnells; went on pilgrimage to Rome, 1030.

[230] Gordon O'Neill (d. 1704), Irish Jacobite; son of Sir Phdim O'Neill; lord-lieutenant of Tyrone, 1689; fought at Derry, the Boyne, and Aug hrim; afterwards colonel in French service.

[231] Henry O'Neill (d. 1392), Irish chief; known as Knri aimhreidh The Contentious).

[232] Henry O'Neill (d. 1489), chief of Cinel Eoghain; son of Owen or Eoghan O'Neill; captured by Neachtan O'Donnell, 1431; defeated the O'Donnells In Donegal, 1435; mutilated Brian O'Neill's sons; obtained HS*r JittrS 1442: dep08ed hi8 father and barne chief of Oinel Eoghain, 1455; recognised by England 1459; plundered Donegal; resigned chieftainship to his

[233] Henry O'Neill (1800-1880), Irish archaeologist: published "The Most Interesting of the Sculptured Crosses of Ancient reUnd 1857, and Fine Arts and Oivilisatio* of Anoent Ireland 1863.

[234] Hugh O'Neill (d. 1230), lord of Cinel Eoghain from 1197; defeated John de Courcy, 1199; deposed after defeat by Connahtmen at Ballysadare.

[235] Hugh O'Neill, third Baron of Duncannon and second Earl of Tyrone (1540?-1616). grandson of Con *SS SK HZL*. n "~~ lived in c Kovernment, 1687: submitted urlo "iT"V7?J. Pl 08 * 1 ODfler re tr lnt in England for }l"f h Geimhleach, 1590: eloped with Mabel ._, 1691: came to terms with Turloncrh O'N'eill at S" 1 * 11 ** 1 NeU1 - 1M8: SS372d SL?7 Bagenml against Hugh Maguire q. vg? ted English outlawed; aTamr? R. Yeiu, w: unwillingly accoc signed treaty with the government, 1596, but negotiated with Spain, and was again attacked by the English, 1597; pardoned on submission to Ormonde, 1098; soon rebelled airain, defeated Bagenal, 1598, and invaded Minister in support of the Sugan Karl; made truce with Essex, 1599, but invaded Munster, 1600; received supplies from Spain, but w-s obliged to act on the defensive in Ulster, 1601-2, a price being set on his head; compelled to retreat north, 1603; submitted on promise of pardon, liberty, and restoration of estates, Iti03, abjuring title of O'Neill and all foreign relations; well received by James I at Hampton Court, 1603, but regarded with distrust on return to Ireland; on receipt of another summons to Kngland fled with Tyrcounel to France, 1607; compelled to withdraw to Spanish Netherlands; entertained at Rome by Pope Paul V from 1608 tillihis death, permission to return being refused him.

[236] Hugh O'Neill (fl. 1642-1660), major-general; nephew of Hugh O'Neill (1540 P-1616); served in Spanish army: came to Ireland with Owen O'Neill, KJ42; captured by British, 1643; major-general of the Irish in Ulster Mac-Art, 1646-9; as governor of Olonmel, 1650, repulsed Cromwell's attack; obliged to surrender Limerick to Ireton, 1651; condemned to death, but reprieved as Spanish subject; after release from the Tower of London, 1652, returned to Spain.

[237] Hugh O'Neill (1784-1824), architectural draughtsman; made drawings of buildings at Oxford and Bristol.

[238] John O'Neill, first Viscount O'Neill in the peerage of Ireland (1740-1798), politician; created M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1762; M.P., Randalstown, 1761, 1769, and 1776, and afterwards for Antrim in Irish parliament, 1783 and 1790; one of the Ulster delegates to national convention, 1783; member of deputation of Irish parliament to offer regency in Ireland to George, prince of Wales, 1789; created baron, 1793, viscount, 1795; shot by rebels at Antrim in rebellion.

[239] John O'Neill (1777?-1860?), shoemaker poet; wrote temperance verses and other works; his Drunkard 1840) illustrated by Cruikshank, 1842.

[240] John Bruce Richard O'Neill, third Viscount O'Neill (1780-1855), general; second son of John O'Neill, first viscount O'Neill; M.P., Antrim, 1802-41 constable of Dublin Castle, 1811; representative peer, 1842.

[241] Sir Neill O'Neill or Niall, second baronet (1658?-1690), Irish Jacobite; nephew of Richard Talbot, earl of Tyrconnel; raised regiment of dragoons for James II, 1687; present at siege of Derry, 1689: mortally wounded at the Boyne, 1690.

[242] Owen O'Neill or Eoghan (1380 -l456), chief of Cinel Eoghain; imprisoned at Dublin, 1399: with the O'Donnells ravaged Tyrone and expelled the O'Neill, 1419; lelped English to attack Connaught, 1422, bnt ravaged Louth, 1423; after capture by Sir John Talbot acknowledged English suzerainty, 1425, but attacked English settlers again, 1430; chief of Cinel Eoghain, 14321455; defeated Brian Oge O'Neill, 1435; levied blackmail on the Pale, 1436; deposed by eldest son, 1455.

[243] Owen Roe O'Neill (16907-1649), Irish general: nephew of Hugh O'Neill, second earl of Tyrone: served in Spanish army thirty years; chosen general by Ulstermen, 1642; defeated Scottish army under Monro at Benburb 1646; checked parliamentarians in Leinster, 1647; supported Rinuccini's opposition to treaty with Ormonde, and was declared an enemy by Kilkenny confederates, 1648; was acting with confederate catholics at his death.

[244] Sir Phelim O'Neill(1604?-1653), Irish rebel (Feidlimidh ruadh); inherited property in Armagh and Tyrone; expelled from Irish parliament aa rebel, 1641; concerted rebellion with Antrim and nobles of the Pale, 1641; captured Obarlemont Castle, 1641; held responsible for outrages, but (1653) acquitted of Caulfeild's murder; chosen commander of northern forces of rebels; forged commission from Charles I, 1641; captured Lurgan and Strabane, but failed elsewhere, 1641; made governor of Meath and director of siege of Drogheda by lords of the Pale; proclaimed traitor, 1642; defeated (1642) at Glenmaquin and passage of the Black water; yielded command to Owen Roe O'NeUl, but intrigued with confederate catholics against him; supported Ormonde's pacific over* tures, 1646; nominated commissioner of trust for government of Ireland and governor of Cbarleinout, 1618; capitulated to parliament, 1650; betrayed and captured by (aulfeild in Tyrone, 1653; tried and executed as traitor at Dublin.

[245] Shane O'Neill, second Earl of Tyrone, The Proud (1530?-1567), eldest son of Con Bacacb O'Neill ; refused to submit to supersession by his younger brother Matthew (Dungannon), and raised faction against him; intrigued with the Antrim Scots; expelled Inn father and Duugauuon, 1656; defeated by the O'Donnells, 1556; murdered bis brother, 1568; recognised by Queen Elizabeth on accession, but recognition revoked. 1560; captured Calvagh O'Donnell and harassed English army; attempts made to assassinate him by Sussex; signed treaty with Kildarc and went to England, 1562, making public submission to Queen Elizabeth, but Intrigued with Spanish; acknowledged as captain of Tyrone, 1562, but failed to keep conditions of restoration; made advantageous treaty with English at Drumcree, 1563; destroyed Scottish settlements in Antrim and captured chiefs of the MacDonnells, 1565; intrigued in support of Mary Queen of Scots; offered submission to France in exchange for help against England; invaded the Pale, but failed before Dundalk, 1566; burned Armagh, 1566: made overtures to Desmond and Argyll; defeated by the O'Donnells at Letterkenny, 1567; took refuge with the MacDonnells, taking back their chiefs with him; murdered by them at Cushendun, at instigation of governor of Carrickfergus, who obtained reward for his head.

[246] Sir Turlough Luineach O'Neill (1530?-1595), lord of Tyrone; tried to supplant bis cousin Shane O'Neill, 1662; murdered Brian, baron of Dungannon, 1562; inaugurated O'Neill, 1567; protested loyalty, but allied himself with O'Donnell and MacQuillin; resisted colonisation of Antrim, 1572; signed treaty with Essex, 1575; a title proposed for him on recommendation of Sidney, but withdrawn in consequence of his ambiguous attitude; made another peace, 1580: but refused to surrender William Nugent; accompanied Perrot against the Scots, 1583, and agreed to surrender territory to Tyrone; defeated Tyrone when attacked by him at Carricklea, 1688; resigned chieftainship in his favour after some fighting, 1593; died when attempting to reach Dublin.

[247] William Chichester O'Neill, first Baron O'Neill (1813-1883), musical composer; of Shrewsbury School; graduated at Trinity College, Dublin; son of the Rev. Edward Chichester; assumed name of O'Neill on coming into possession of family estates, 1835; peerage restored, 1868.

[248] Arthur Onslow (1691–1768), speaker of the House of Commons; descendant of Sir Richard Onslow (1601-1664); of Winchester College and Wadhain College, Oxford; barrister, Middle Temple, 1713; recorder of Ouildford, 1737; whig M.P., Quildford, 1720-7, Surrey, 1728-61; speaker of the House of Commons, 1728-61: privy councillor, 1728; chancellor to Queen Caroline, 1729; treasurer of the navy, 1734-42; opposed regency bill, 1761; received annuity for three lives and freedom of the city, 1761; a trustee of British Museum; appended notes to Burnet and Hatsell.

[249] George Onslow (1731–1792), politician; nephew of Arthur Onslow; lieutenant-colonel in foot guards, 1759; M.P., Guildford, 1760-84; opposed expulsion of Wilkes; took leading part in proceeding* against printers of parliamentary debates and was hanged in effigy, 1771; at first a supporter of Rockingbam, but afterwards of Graf ton and North; in favour of giving up Gibraltar.

[250] George Onslow, first Earl of Onslow (1731-1814), politician; eon of Arthur Onslow; of Westminster School and Peter-house, Cambridge; M.A., 1766; M.P., Rye, 1751-61, Surrey, 1761-76; a lord of the treasury under Rockingbam, 1765; privy councillor, 1767; moved invalidation of Wilkes's election for Middlesex, 1769; nonsuited in action for libel against Home Tooke, 1770; awarded damages in new trial but judgment arrested on technical grounds, 1771; introduced bill taking away privilege from membersservants, 1770, but generally supported parliamentary privilege; created Baron Cranky, 1776, succeeding to Onflow barony the same year; comptroller of tbe household, 1777, and treasurer, 1779; lord f the bedchamber from 1780; present at marriage of George, prince of Wales with Mrs. FiUberbert, 1786; lord-lieutenant of Surrey; created earl, 1801.

[251] George Onslow or Georges (1784–1853), musical composer; grandson of George Ouslow, flrt earl of Onblow; lived and died at Clermont-Ferrand, Auvergne; studied under Hullinuudel and J. B. Cramer in KnirUnd, and afterwards in Paris; original honorary member of London Philharmonic Society, 1812; president of the Institut de France, 1842; composed quintet*, symphonies, quartets, sonatas for pianoforte, and trios for piano, violin, and violoncello, beside, three operas.

[252] Richard Onslow (1528–1571), speaker of the House of Commons; barrister, Inner Temple; recorder of London, 1563; M.P., Steyuing, 16*7-71; solicitorgeneral, 1566; speaker of the House of Common*, 1566-71; probable author of Arguments relating to Sea Landes and Salt Shores (edited, 1855).

[253] Sir Richard Onslow (1601–1664), parliamentarian; grandson of Richard Onslow (1528-1671); knighted, 1624; M.P. for Surrey, 1628-9 and in Short and Long parliaments; raised a regiment for parliament, 1642; one of tbe colonels at siege of Basing House, 1644; libelled in Witber'sJusticiarius Justlficatus 1646; one of the secluded members, 1647, but sat in Cromwell's two parliaments; member of Cromwell's upper bouse, 1657, of Richard's parliament, 1659, and of tbe Convention parliament; intimate with Ashley Cooper (Shaftesbury).

[254] Richard Onslow , first Baron Onslow (1654-1717), speaker of the House of Commons; grandson of Sir Richard Onslow (1601-1664); M.P., Guildford, 1679-87, Surrey, 1689-1710 and 1713-16, and St. Mawes, 1710-13; speaker, 1708-10: a lord of the admiralty, 16901693; privy councillor, 1710; chancellor of tbe exchequer, 1714-16; created peer, 1716.

[255] Sir Richard Onslow , first baronet (1741–1817), admiral, brother of George Onslow (1731-1792); took part in repulse of D'Estaiug in tbe Cul-de-sac, 1778, and in reliefs of Gibraltar, 1781, 1782; second in command in North Sea, 1796; created baronet for bis services at Cainperdowii and given freedom of the city, 1797; G.C.B., 1815.

[256] Thomas Onslow, second Earl of Onslow (1755-1827), M.P., Rye, 1775-84, Guildford, 1784-1806.

[257] Thomas Onwhyn (d. 1886), humorous draughtsman and engraver; executedillegitimateillustration* to Dickens's works, 1837-8; illustrated works by Cockton and others.

[258] Johannes Opicius (fl. 1497), writer of poems in praise of Henry VII.

[259] Mrs Amelia Opie (1769–1853), novelist and poet; nee Alderson: sought in marriage by Thomas Holcroft ; married John Opie, 1798: her tale Father and Daughterwell received, 1801, also her poems, 1802; met Fox and other celebrities In Paris; published Adeline Mowbray (suggested by story of Mary Wollstonecraft), 1804, and Simple Tales 1806; wrote memoir of her husband, 1809; paid frequent visits to London and saw much good society; became a quaker under influence of the Gurneys, 1825; ceased writing stories after 1822, but issued Illustrations of Lying 1826, Detraction Displayed 1828, and Lays for the Dead 1833; much occupied in philanthropic movements; a street in Norwich named after her; intimate with Sydney Smith, Sheridan, Madame de Stael, and Lady Cork.

[260] John Opie (1761–1807), portrait and historical painter; son of a Cornish carpenter; when employed as a travelling portrait-painter met Dr. Wolcot Peter Pindar; came with him to London, 1780; introduced to tbe court through Mrs. Boscaweu, and became fashionable as tbe Cornish wonder received commission from George III and painted many court ladies, 1782, when he began to exhibit at the Academy; elected A.R.A. after exhibition ofAssassination of Rizzio 1787; RJU 1788; much employed in illustrating; having divorced first wife married Amelia Alderson, 1798; lectured as professor of painting at tbe Academy, 1807; died chiefly of overwork; buried In St Paul's. He Minted Dr. Johnson three time*, also Fox, Burke, Southey, Bartoloni, Mr. Inchbald, an.1 M.. Shflloy.

[261] Jeremiah O'Quinn (d. 1657), Irish presbyterian; M.A., Glasgow, 1644; as minister of Hilly. -u. Antrim, MMMBded lor rrfusiuc to mid tin- Helfant representation against execution of Charles I; after submission in prebytery, IMS, became intermediary between it nnd government.

[262] Edward Oram (fl. 1770–1800), landscape-painter ; son of William Gram

[263] William Oram (d. 1777), painter and architect; employed at Buckingham House and Hampton Court.

[264] Princess of Orange (1631–1660). See Mary.

[265] William Orcheyerd or Orchard (d. 1504), maaon and architect; employed by Wayneflete at Magdalen College, Oxford, and at Eton.

[266] Craven Ord (1756–1838), antiquary; nephew of Robert Ord; rice-president of Society of Antiquaries and V.fLS,; assisted Gough, Nichols, and others; formed fine collection of impressions of brasses and of historical manuscripts; bis Suffolk collections in the British Museum.

[267] Sir Harry St George Ord (1819–1885), colonial governor and major-general; served with royal engineers at Bomarsund, 1854: reported on naval works at Ascension, 1860: employed on West African questions, 1856-7;. lieutenant-governor of Dominica, 1857-60; governor of I the Bermudas, 1860-6; first colonial governor of Straits Settlements, 1867-73, of South Australia, 1877-9; major-general 1869; G.C.M.G., 1881.

[268] John Ord (1729?–1814), lawyer and politician, son of Robert Ord; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1750, and lay fellow; barrister, Lincoln's Inn; master in chancery, 1778, and sometime chairman of committees in House of Commons; M.P. successively for Midhurst, Hastings, and Wendover (1774-90).

[269] John Walker Ord (1811–1853), journalist and author; edited Metropolitan Literary Journal and Britannia; published poems and History and Antiquities of Cleveland 1846.

[270] Robert Ord or Orde (d. 1778), chief baron of Scottish exchequer.

[271] Orde 8m JOHN, first baronet (1751–1824), admiral; commanded Zebra at reduction of Philadelphia, 1778; present at reduction of Charleston, 1780; created baronet 790, for services as governor of Dominica (appointed 17K3): when third in command under St. Vincent made complaints of supersession by Nelson and Curtis: commanded squadron off FinHterre, 1804-5; admiral, 1805; M.r., Yarmouth (Isle of Wight), 1807-24.

[272] Thomas Orde, afterwards Orde-Powlett, first Baron Bolton (1746-1807), chief secretary for Ireland; brother of Sir John Orde; while fellow of u? SV 1 C111101 **** portraits of local celebrities; M. A., 1773; barrister, Lincoln's Inn; F.S.A., 1775; M.P., Aylesbury, 1780-4, Harwich, 1784-96, and in Irish parliament for Rathcormack, 1784-90: drew up fifth report of secret committee on Indian affairs, 1781 secretary to the treasury under Shelburue, 1782; as Irish aecrery introduced propositions for commercial union with England, 1786, and carded scheme of Irish education, :.created peer, 1797; governor of Isle of Wight, 1791; lord-lieutenant of Hampshire, 1800; friend of Rom

[273] Ordericus Vitalis or Orderic Vital (1075?), author of Historia Ecclesiastica: born in Bngland, but throughout his life a monk of St. Evroult, Normandy; visited Croyland and Worcester; his work ompleted, 1141 (valuable after jwriod of Norman Con Sw?h KfSiS'L'Z Dud "* ltjl. translated into French, 1825, and into English, 1853-5 (Bohu).

[274] Ordgar or Orgar (d. 971), ealdorman of Devon.

[275] Ordgar or Orgar (d. 1097?), English noble; accused Elgar Atheling of treason, aud was killed in combat with his champion.

[276] Rowland Mason Ordish (1824-1886), engineer; made drawings for buildings of exhibition of 1851, and was employed in their re-erection at Sydcnham; patented straight chain suspension system for bridges, 1858; designed roofs of St. Pancras and other stations and of the Albert Hall; president of Society of Engineers, 1860.

[277] Alexander O'Reilly (1722?-1794), Spanish general; born in Ireland; served against Austrians in Italy; in Austrian service against Prussians; joined French army, 1759, but soon re-entered Spanish service: served in Portuguese war, 1762; became governor of Havana and Louisiana; governor of Madrid during emeute of 1765; commanded disastrous expedition against Algiers, 1775; commander-in-chief in Andalusia and governor of Cadiz; died when about to lead army of Eastern Pyrenees against French.

[278] Andrew O'Reilly(1742-1832), Austrian general of cavalry; born in Ireland; served in Bavarian succession war, and against the Turks and in Flanders; captured by French, 1796; distinguished himself in Italy, 1800, and at Ooldrerio, 1805; as governor of Vienna surrendered to Napoleon, 1809.

[279] Edmund O'Reilly (1606-1669), Roman catholic archbishop of Armagh; prefect of college of Irish secular ecclesiastics at Louvain; vicar-general of Dublin, 1642-9; governor of Wicklow, 1642; deprived of vicar-generalship on suspicion of treachery, 1649, but restored, 1650; convicted of murder, 1654, but pardoned; archbishop of Armagh, c. 1654; lived at Lille till 1667; ordered to withdraw from Ireland, 1660; remained at Rome five years; attended Dublin synod, 1666; again banished, 1666; died at Saumur.

[280] Edmund Joseph O'Reilly (1811-1878), Irish Jesuit provincial; studied at Rome; professor of theology at Maynooth, 1838-50; teacher at St. Beuno's college and in the Roman catholic university of Ireland; superior of Milltown Port, Dublin, 1859-78: Irish Jesuit provincial, 1863-70; his Relations of the Church to Societyissued, 1892.

[281] Edward O'Reilly (d. 1829), compiler of Irish-English Dictionary (1817); published also Chronological Account of nearly four hundred Irish Writers 1820, and prize essays on the Brehon laws, 1824, and the authenticity of Macpherson's Ossian 1829.

[282] Hugh O'Reilly (1580-1653), Roman catholic bishop of Kilmore, 1625-8, and archbishop of Armagh, 1628-53.

[283] Hugh O'Reilly (d. 1695 ?).

[284] John Boyle O'Reilly (1844-1890), Irish revolutionist and author; enlisted in 10th hussars, really as Fenian agent; sentenced to death by court-martial, but his sentence commuted to penal servitude, 1866; escaped from West Australia in American whaler, 1869; ufter cruising in Indian Ocean settled in Boston, Massachusetts; took part in O'Neill's invasion of Canada, 1870, and in organising rescue by the Catalpa of convicts in West Australia, 1876; edited thePilotand published four volumes of poems and the convict storyMoondyne 1880; died at Boston, Massachusetts.

[285] Miles O'Reilly(pseudonym). See Charles Graham Halpin, 1829-1868.

[286] Miles William Patrick O'Reilly (1825-1880), Irish politician; B.A. London, 1846; LL.D. Rome: commanded Irish brigade in papal service: ns M.r. for Longford (1862-79) supported Butt; assistant-commissioner of intermediate education, 1879; compiler of a work on Irish catholic martyrs, 1868.

[287] Philip MacHugh O'Reilly (d. 1657?), Irish rebel; prominent in Irish parliament as member for Cavuii, 1C39-41; active promoter of rebellion in the county, though discouraging outrage; besieged In-h.-d:i and captured other places, 1,42; colonel under Owen Hoc O'Neill, his brother-in-law: commissioner in the confederate's treaty with royalists, 1646; captured, ir.17: served under Hugh O'Neill (jl. 1642-1660) at Clonmel, 1650; laid down his arms and went abroad, 1653; died at Louvain in Spanish service.

[288] William Orem (Jt. 1702), author ol Description of the Chanonry, Cathedral, and King's Coll. Aberdeen printed, 1791.

[289] Earls of Orford . Sec RUSHELL, EDWARD, 1653–1727: WAI.I-OLK, SIK KDUKHT, first HAUL of the second creation, 1G70-1715; WAU-OI.K, H.H.MI.., fourth EARL, 1717-1797.

[290] Robert Orford (fl. 1890), Dominican writer.

[291] Robert Orford (d. 1310), bishop of Ely, l:".f.i i:;n-j; i.i-iiop. HiiiL- in; refused continuation in see by Archbi.-lmp Winclidsra, but upheld by the pope after visit to Rome.

[292] Mrs Mary Ann Orger (1788–1849), actress; nit Ivers; married George Orger, 1804; appeared as Lydia Languish at Dritry Lane, London, 1808; afterwards acted at the Lyceum, London; with Vestris at the Olympic and Covent Garden, London, but after 1816 usually seen at Drury Lane; excelled in broad farce.

[293] Oriel, first Baron(1740–1828). See John Foster.

[294] Amelia Opie (1769–1853), novelist and poet ; m: e Alderson: sought in marriage by Thomas Holcroft ; married John Opie, 1798: her tale Father and Daughterwell received, 1801, also her poems, 1802; met Fox and other celebrities In Paris; published Adeline Mowbray (suggested by story of Mary Wollstonecraft), 1804, andSimple Tales 1806; wrote memoir of her husband, 1809; paid frequent visits to London and saw much good society; became a quakcr under influence of the Gurneys, 1825; ceased writing stories after 1822, but issuedIllustrations of Lying 1826,Detraction Displayed 1828, andLays for the Dead 1833; much occupied in philanthropic movements; a street in Norwich named after her; intimate with Sydney Smith, Sheridan, Madame de Stael, and Lady Cork.

[295] John Opie (1761–1807), portrait and historical painter; eon of a Cornish carpenter; when employed as a travelling portrait-painter met Dr. Wolcot Peter Pindar; came with him to London, 1780; introduced to tbe court through Mrs. Boscaweu, and became fashionable as tbe Cornish wonder received commission from George III and painted many court ladies, 1782, when he began to exhibit at the Academy; elected A.R.A. after exhibition ofAssassination of Rizzio 1787; RJU 1788; much employed in illustrating; having divorced first wife married Amelia Alderson, 1798; lectured as professor of painting at tbe Academy, 1807; died chiefly of overwork; buried In St Paul's. He Minted Dr. Johnson three time*, also Fox, Burke, Southey, Bartoloni, Mr. Inchbald, and Mrs. Shelley.

[296] Jeremiah O'Quinn (d. 1657), Irish presbyterian; M.A.;ia.row, 1644; as minister of Hilly. -u. Antrim, MMMBded lor rrfusiuc to mid the Belfast representation against execution of Charles I; after submission in prebytery, IMS, became intermediary between it and government.

[297] Edward Oram (fl. 1770–1800), landscape-painter; son of William Oram.

[298] William Oram (rf. 1777), painter and architect ; employed at Buckingham House and Hampton Court.

[299] Princkss of Orange (1631–1660).

[300] William Orcheyerd or Orichard (d. 1504), mason and architect; employed by Wayneflete at Magdalen College, Oxford, and at Eton.

[301] Craven Ord (1756–1838), antiquary ; nephew ot Robert Ord; rice-president of Society of Antiquaries and V.fLS,; assisted Gough, Nichols, and others; formed fine collection of impressions of brasses and of historical manuscripts; bis Suffolk collections in the British Museum.

[302] Sir Harry St Ord . GEORGE (1819–1885), colonial governor and major-general; served with royal engineers at Bomarsund, 1854: reported on naval works at Ascension, 1860: employed on West African questions, 1856-7;. lieutenant-governor of Dominica, 1857-60; governor of I the Bermudas, 1860-6; first colonial governor of Straits j Settlement*, 1867-73, of South Australia, 1877-9; major- ( 1869; G.C.M.G., 1881.

[303] John Ord (1729?–1814), lawyer and politician, son of Robert Ord; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1750, and lay fellow; barrister, Lincoln's Inn; master in chancery, 1778, and sometime chairman of committees in House of Commons; M.P. successively for Midhurst, Hastings, and Wendover (1774-90).

[304] John Walker Ord (1811–1853), journalist and author; edited Metropolitan Literary Journal and Britannia published poems andHistory and Antiquities of Cleveland 1846.

[305] Ord or ORDE, ROBERT (d. 1778), chief baron of Scottish exchequer.

[306] Orde 8m JOHN, first baronet (1751–1824), admiral; commanded Zebra at reduction of Philadelphia, 1778; present at reduction of Charleston, 1780; created baronet 790, for services as governor of Dominica (appointed 17K3): when third in command under St. Vincent made complaints of supersession by Nelson and Curtis: commanded squadron off FinHterre, 1804-5; admiral, 1805; M.r., Yarmouth (lale of Wight), 1807-24.

[307] Orde afterwards ORDE-POWLETT, THOMAS fln-t KARON BOI.TOX (1746-1807), chief secretary for Ire land; brother of Sir John Orde; while fellow of u? SV 1 C111101 **** portraits of local celebrities; M. A., 1773; barrister, Lincoln's Inn; F.S.A., 1775; M.P., Aylesbury, 1780-4, Harwich, 1784-96, and in Irish parliament for Rathcormack, 1784-90: drew up fifth report of secret committee on Indian affairs, 1781 secretary to the treasury under Shelburue, 1782; as Irish aecrery introduced propositions for commercial union with England, 1786, and carded scheme of Irish education, :.created peer, 1797; governor of Isle of Wight, 1791; lord-lieutenant of Hampshire, 1800; friend of Rom iw VITAL (1075 ?), author of Historia Ecclesiastica: born in Bng Und, but throughout his life a monk of St. Evroult Sonnandy; vWted Croyland and Worcester; his work ompleted, 1141 (valuable after jwriod of Norman Con Sw?h KfSiS'L'Z Dud "* ltjl. translated into French, 1825, and into English, 1853-5 (Bohu).

[308] Ordoar or Orgar (d. 971 0, ealdonnauof ll b2ton. 8herlff

[309] Ordgar or Orgar (d. 1097?), English noble; accused Elgar Atheling of treason, aud was killed in combat with his champion.

[310] Rowland Mason Ordish (1824-1886), engineer : made drawingsfor buildings of exhibition of 1851, and was employed in their re-erection at Sydcnham; patented straight chain suspension system for bridges, 1858; designed roofs of St. Pancras and other stations and of the Albert Hall; president of Society of Engineers, 1860.

[311] Alexander O'Reilly (1722?-1794), Spanish general; born in Ireland; served against Austrians in Italy; in Austrian service against Prussians; joined French army, 1759, but soon re-entered Spanish service: served in Portuguese war, 1762; became governor of Havana and Louisiana; governor of Madrid during emeute of 1765; commanded disastrous expedition against Algiers, 1775; commander-in-chief in Andalusia and governor of Cadiz; died when about to lead army of Eastern Pyrenees against French.

[312] Andrew O'Reilly (1742-1832), Austrian general of cavalry; born in Ireland; served in Bavarian succession war, and against the Turks and in Flanders; captured by French, 1796; distinguished himself in Italy, 1800, and at Ooldrerio, 1805; as governor of Vienna surrendered to Napoleon, 1809.

[313] Edmund O'Reilly (1606-1669), Roman catholic archbishop of Armagh; prefect of college of Irish secular ecclesiastics at Louvain; vicar-general of Dublin, 1642-9; governor of Wicklow, 1642; deprived of vicar-generalship on suspicion of treachery, 1649, but restored, 1650; convicted of murder, 1654, but pardoned; archbishop of Armagh, c. 1654; lived at Lille till 1667; ordered to withdraw from Ireland, 1660; remained at Rome five years; attended Dublin synod, 1666; again banished, 1666; died at Saumur.

[314] Edmund Joseph O'Reilly (1811-1878), Irish Jesuit provincial; studied at Rome; professor of theology at Maynooth, 1838-50; teacher at St. Beuno's college and in the Roman catholic university of Ireland; superior of Milltown Port, Dublin, 1859-78: Irish Jesuit provincial, 1863-70; his Relations of the Church to Societyissued, 1892.

[315] Edward O'Reilly (d. 1829), compiler of Irish-English Dictionary (1817); published also Chronological Account of nearly four hundred Irish Writers 1820, and prize essays on theBrehon laws, 1824, and the authenticity of Macpherson'sOssian 1829.

[316] Hugh O'Reilly (1580-1653), Roman catholic bishop of Kilmore, 1625-8, and archbishop of Armagh, 1628-53.

[317] Hugh O'Reilly (d. 1695?). See Reilly.

[318] John Boyle O'Reilly (1844-1890), Irish revolutionist and author; enlisted in 10th hussars, really as Fenian agent; sentenced to death by court-martial, but his sentence commuted to penal servitude, 1866; escaped from West Australia in American whaler, 1869; ufter cruising in Indian Ocean settled in Boston, Massachusetts; took part in O'Neill's invasion of Canada, 1870, and in organising rescue by the Catalpa of convicts in West Australia, 1876; edited thePilotand published four volumes of poems and the convict storyMoondyne 1880; died at Boston, Massachusetts.

[319] Miles O'Reilly (pseudonym). See Halpin or Halpine, Charles Graham, 1829-1868.

[320] Myles William Patrick O'Reilly (1825-1880), Irish politician; B.A. London, 1846; LL.D. Rome; commanded Irish brigade in papal service: ns M.r. for Longford (1862-79) supported Butt; assistant-oommi*siouer of intermediate education, 1879; compiler of a work on Irish catholic martyrs, 1868.

[321] Philip MacHugh O'Reilly (d. 1657 ?), Irish rebel; prominent in Irish parliament as member for Cavuii, 1C39-41; active promoter of rebellion in the county, though discouraging outrage; besieged In-h.-d:i and captured other places, 1,42; colonel under Owen Hoc O'Neill, his brother-in-law: commissioner in the confederate's treaty with royalists, 1646; captured, ir.17: served under Hugh O'Neill (jl. 1642-1660) at Clonmel, 1650; laid down his arms and went abroad, 1653; died at Louvain in Spanish service.

[322] William Orem (Jt. 1702), author ol Description of the Chanonry, Cathedral, and King's Coll. Aberdeen printed, 1791.

[323] Earls Ok Orford . Sec RUSHELL, EDWARD, 1653–1727: WAI.I-OLK, SIK KDUKHT, first HAUL of the second creation, 1G70-1715; WAU-OI.K, H.H.MI.., fourth EARL, 1717-1797.

[324] Kobert Orford (Jt. 1890), Dominican writer.

[325] Robert Orford (rf. 1310), bishop of Ely, l:".f.i i:;n-j; i.i-iiop. HiiiL- in; refused continuation in see by Archbi.-lmp Winclidsra, but upheld by the pope after visit to Rome.

[326] Orger Miis. MARY ANN (1788–1849), actress; nit Ivers; married George Orger, 1804; appeared as Lydia Languish at Dritry Lane, London, 1808; afterward* acted at the Lyceum, London; with Vestris at the Olympic and Covent Garden, London, but after 1816 usually seen at Drury Lan; excelled in broad farce.

[327] Oriel first BARON (1740–1828). See FOSTER, JOHN. J

[328] Hugh de Orivalle (d. 1085), bishop of London, 1075-K5; a leper.

[329] Earls of Orkney . See PAUL, d. 1099 ; SIM -I.AIK,, Henry Sir, first EARL, d. 1400?; SINCLAIR, Henry, second EARL, d. 1418; SINCLAIR, SIR WILLIAM, EARL OF CAITHXKSS, 1404V-1480; STKWART, ROBERT, d. 1593; STKWART, PATRICK, d. 1614; HAMILTON, LORD GBOBUR, 1666-1737.

[330] Countess of Orkney (1657?–1733). See Elizabeth Villiers.

[331] Duchess of Orleans , fifth daughter of Charles I. (1644-1670).

[332] Adam of Orlton or Orleton (d. 1345). See Adam.

[333] Orm or Ormin (fl. 1200?), author of 'Ormulum' (metrical paraphrases of the gospels of the year, with commentary); Augustinian mouk of north-east Mercia; unique manuscript of hisOrmulumin Bodleian, probably author's own copy (first printed by R. Meadows White, 1852).

[334] Daniel Orme (1766?–1832?), portrait- painter and engraver to George III; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1797-1801, and at Manchester.

[335] Robert Orme (1728–1801), author of History of the Military Transactions of the British Nation in Indostan from 1745 (vol. i. 1763, ii., iii. 1778); educated at Harrow; entered service of East India Company, 1743; as member of Madras council, 1754-8, recommended appointment of Olive to command against Suruj-ud Dowlah; commissary-general, 1757-8; captured by French on voyage to England, 1759; historiographer to East India Company; published Historical Fragments of the Mogul Empire, the Morattoes, and English Concerns in Indostan from 1659 (1782); intimate with Dr. Johnson; his collections of Indian tracts aud manuscripts preserved at India office.

[336] William Orme (1787–1830), nonconformist biographer; aided in formation of Congregational Union of Scotland, 1813; pastor of Camberwell Green, London, 1824; foreign secretary of London Missionary Society, 1824; published memoirs of John Owen, 1820, William Kiffin, 1823, John Urquhart, 1827, and Life and Times of Baxter (posthumously, 1830).

[337] Edward Latham Ormerod (1819–1873), physician; sixth son of George Onnerod: educated at Rugby aud Caius College, Cambridge; M.D., 1851; F.R.S., 1872 i physician to Sussex County Hospital, 1853; author of pathological papers in St. Bartholomew's Hospital Reports, and British Social Wasps 1868.

[338] George Ormerod (1785–1873), author of History of the County Palatinate and City of Chester 1819: of Brasenose College, Oxford; D.C.L., 1818; F.R.S., 1819; published eneulogical works relating to Lancashire and Cheshire, and papers on Roman and British remains in Gloucestershire.

[339] George Wareing Ormerod (1810–1891), geologist; sou of George Ormerod; M.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1836: published papers on Devonshire and Cheshire formation,.; indexed pub. Geological Society... 260

[340] '^ Oliver Ormerod (1580?-1626), controversialist; B.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1599; held livings in Somerset; published treatises against puritans and Roman catholics.

[341] William Piers Ormerod (1818–1860), anatomist and surgeon; son of George Ormerod; friend of Sir James Paget: demonstrator in anatom Bartholomew's, 1836-44; practised at Oxford; published 'Clinical Collections and Observations In Surgery 1846.

[342] William de Ormesby or Ormsby (d. 1317), judge; justice in eyre for northern counties ot ~ 1 2:r; m.stice of king's bench, 1296; as justice of ticoUand carried out with some harshness Edward I's measures, and was attacked at Scone, 1297; chief of justices of trailbaston in Norfolk and Suffolk, 1305; continued to act under Edward II aud to be summoned to parliament.

[343] Ormidale Lt HD (1802–1880). See Robert Macfarlane.

[344] Ormin (fl. 1200?). See Orm.

[345] Lord Ormiston (1656–1736). See Adam Cockburn.

[346] Lord Ormond (1530?–1592). See David Chambers.

[347] Dukes of Ormonde. See BUTLER, JAMES, first Duke 1610–1688; BUTLKII, JAMKS second DUKE, 166*1745.J

[348] Ormond, first Earl of (1609–1656). See Archibald Douglas.

[349] Earls of Ormonde . See BUTLER, JAM, second Earl 1331–1382 ; BUTLER, JAMKS, fourth EARL, d. 1452 Jajcbl Butur fifth EARL, 1420–1461 ; BUTLEK, JOHN, sixth EARL, d. 1478; BUTLER, SIR PIERCE, eighth EARL d. 1539; BUTLER, THOMAS, tenth EARL, 1532-1614; BUTLER, WALTER, eleventh EARL, 1569-1633; BUTLKR, JAMES, twelfth EARL, 161U-1688.

[350] Sir James Ormonde (d. 1497), lord-treasurer of Ireland; natural son of James Butler, fifth earl of Ormonde; calledBlack James knighted for services in Ireland during Simnel's rising; lord-treasurer of Ireland, 1492-4; as acting head of his family engaged in constant feuds with Kildare aud the Geraldines; served with Poynings against Warbeck, 1494; killed by Kir Piers Butler near Kilkenny.

[351] William de Ormsby (d. 1317). See Ormesby.

[352] George Ornsby (1809–1886), antiquary; vicar of Fishlake, 1850; hon. M.A. Durham, 1872; F.S.A., 1873; prebendary of York, 1879; publishedSketches of Durham 1846, and Diocesan History of York 1882; edited Dean Granville'sRemains(vol. i. 1861, vol. li. 1866), and Cosin'sCorrespondence(two volumes), 1869-72.

[353] Robert Ornsby (1820–1889), classical scholar and biographer: brother of George Ornsby; B.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1840; fellow of Trinity College, Oxford, 1843; M.A.; became a Romanist, 1847; tome time professor of Greek and Latin in Irish Catholic University; fellow of Royal University of Ireland, 1882; published lives of St. Francis de Sales, 1866, and of Jstnes Robert Hope-Scott, 1884; publishedThe Greek Testament from Cardinal Mai's edition of the Vatican Bible,* 1860.

[354] Baron Oronsay (1793–1874). See Duncan McNeill.

[355] Brian-na-Murtha O'Rourke (d. 1691), declared the O'Rourke, 1664; knighted and allowed to regain possession of Leitrim by the English, 1678, but rebelled, 1680; invaded Oonnauifht, 1680; refused to acknowledge the governor and protected refugee Spaniards, 1688; driven out by Sir Richard Hiugham, 15W;flil to Scotland, but wa given up by James VI and executed; generally identified with the proud Irish rebel of Bacon's essayOf Custom and Education

[356] Brian Oge O'Rourke (d. 1604), natural son of Sir Brian-na-Murtlia O'Boorke, whom he succeeded as O'Rourke; made war on the English and the O'Donuells alternately.

[357] Edmund O'Rourke (1814-1879). See Falconer.

[358] Tiernan O'Rourke (d. 1172), king of Breifne (Tighearnan Ua Ruairc); made war on Meath and Oonnaught: expelled from chieftainship, 1141, but soon restored; attacked O'Connor and (1148) invaded Ulidia; bit wife carried off by O'Connor and Diarmait Mac Murchadha, 1152, but reparation made 1167; slain by Hugo de Lacy.

[359] Hugh Orr (1717–1798), inventor of machines for cleaning flax-seed and for the manufacture of cotton; emigrated from Scotland to Bridgewater, Massachusetts, where he introduced the first trip-hammer and the first muskets.

[360] James Orr (1770–1816), United Irishman and poet of Ballycarry; fought at Antrim, 1798: his song The Irishman erroneously attributed to Curran.

[361] John Orr (1760?–1835), lieutenant-general of the Madras army; while governor of Pondicherry rendered important services to Sir Eyre Coote's army as commander of a flying column, 1780-4; afterwards commanded Lord Macartney's bodyguard; chief officer of 1st native cavalry In second Mysore war, 1790-2.

[362] William Orr (1766–1797), United Irishman; charged with administering a treasonable oath to soldiers, 1796: tried at Carrickfergus, and though defended by Curran (who brought for ward affidavits of improper influence on the jury) convicted and executed; his memory popularised in Dreunan's poem.

[363] Earls Op Orrery . See BOYLE, ROGER, first Earl 1621–1679 ; BOYI,E, CHAULKS, fourth EABL, 1676–1731 -. BOYLE, JOHN, fifth EAKL, 1707-1762.

[364] Countess of Orrery ( 1746–1840). See Mary Monckton.

[365] Benjamin Brogden Orridge (1814–1870), antiquary; member of court of common council of London, 1863-9; chief works, Account of Citizens of London and their Rulers, 1060 to 1807(1867), and Illustrations of Jack Cade's Rebellion (1869).

[366] Jacobus Colius Ortelianus (1563–1628), nephew of Abraham Ortelius; a London silkmerchant; published De Statu Civitatis Loudineusis peste laborantis 1604, and other works.

[367] Abraham Ortelius (1527–1598), map-maker of Antwerp; became intimate with Camdeii in England; geographer to Philip II of Spain, 1573; helped Humphrey Llwyd with map of England and Wales; published "TlMilliiiii Orbis Terrarum 1570; died at Antwerp.

[368] Arthur Orton (1834 - 1898), the Tichborne claimant; youngest sou of a butcher at Wappiug; went to sea, c. 1849; deserted at Valparaiso; lived eighteen months at Melipilla and returned to England, 1851; entered his father's business; emigrated to Australia, 1852, and ceased to correspond with his family, 18*4; returned to England, 1866, at invitation of Lady Tichborne (*. 1868), widow of Sir James Francis Doughty Tichbornc, tenth barouet (d. 1862), who had convinced herself from descriptions that he was her eldest son Roger Charles, who was reported to have been drowned at sea in 1854, and whose will wad proved, 1855; was received by Lady Tichborue, who professed to recognise in him her long-lost son: brought ejectment action (1871-2) against Sir Henry Tichborue, twelfth baronet, and posthumous heir of Sir Alfred Tichborne, Sir James's younger sou, who bad succeeded as eleventh baronet, 1862, and died, 1866; at the trial, which lasted 102 days, Serjeant Hallantinc led for the claimant, and Sir John afterwards Lord chief-jiutice) Coleridge and Mr. Hawkins, Q.r. (afterwards Sir Henry Hawkins, lord Brampton), lor the trustee* of the Tichborne estates; filially Serjeant Ballantinc elected to be nou-suited; the claimant was accordingly arrested for perjury, was tried, 1873-4 (188 days), and was sentenced to fourteen years penal servitude, Mr. Hawkins leading for the crown aud Edward Vaughau Hyde Kenealy representing the claimant. He was released, 1884, and subsequently died in poverty in Maryleboue, after publishing (1895) in the People newspaper, a signed confession of his imposture, which he is said afterwards to have recanted.

[369] Job Orton (1717–1783), dissenting minister; educated at Shrewsbury, where he was minister of a united congregation of presbyteriaus and independents, 1741-66; assistant to Doddridge at Northampton, 1739-41; afterwards retired to Kidderminster, where he kept up an extensive correspondence; published Memoirs of Doddridge 1766, and theological and devotional works.

[370] Reginald Orton (1810–1862), surgeon to Suuderland Eye Infirmary; instrumental in obtaining repeal of glass and window duties; patented a lifeboat and reel life-buoy, 1845.

[371] John Orum (d. 1436?), vice-chancellor of Oxford University, 1406 and 1408; D.D. University College, Oxford; canon of Wells, 1410; archdeacon of Cornwall, 1411; chancellor of Exeter, 1429-36; author of Lectures (Latin) on the Apocalypse

[372] Osbald (d. 799), king of Northumbria, 796; outlawed after twenty-seven daysreign; fled to Lindisfarne, but left on Alcuhi's exhortation and became abbot among the Picts.

[373] George Osbaldeston (1787–1866), sportsman ; master of hounds while at Brasenose College, Oxford; master of Quorn hounds, 1817-21 and 1823-8, afterwards of Pytchley; rode two hundred miles in ten consecutive hours, and fought duel with Lord George Bentinck, 1831; M.P., East Retford, 1812-18.

[374] Lambert Osbaldeston or Osbolston (1594-1659), master of Westminster School; educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1619 (incorporated M.A. Cambridge, 1628); had joint-patent of mastership, 1621; master of Westminster School, 1625-39; prebendary of Westminster, Lincoln, and Wells; sentenced to the pillory, fine, and forfeiture, for letters reflecting on Laud, 1639; restored to benefices by Long parliament.

[375] Richard Osbaldeston (1690–1764), bishop of Carlisle and London; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1714; fellow of Peterhouse, 1714; D.D., 1726; chaplain to George II and tutor to George III; bishop of Carlisle, 1747-62, of London, 1762-4; neglected Carlisle diocese and prohibited introduction of statuary at St. Paul's, London, patronised John Jortin

[376] William Osbaldeston or Osbolston (1577–1645), divinity professor at Gresham College, London; brother of Lambert Osbaldeston; professor, 16101611; deprived of benefices by parliament.

[377] Osberht, Osbrith or Osbyrht (d. 867), underking of Northumbria; deposed, 866; defeated and slain by Danes at York, together with his rival, Aella (d. 867).

[378] Osbern (fl. 1090), hagiographer; sub-prior and precentor of Christ Church, Canterbury; compiled lives of Dunstan, Alphege, and Archbishop Odo of Canterbury, under Lanfranc's direction; treatise* on music also attributed to him.

[379] Osbern or Osbert (d. 1103), bishop of Exeter, and chancellor in early years of William I; brother of William Fitzosbert; chaplain to Edward the Confessor; bishop of Exeter, 1072-1 103.

[380] Claudianus Osbern (fl. 1148), classical scholar ; monk of Gloucester under Hamelin.

[381] Osbert of Stoke (fl. 1136). See Osbert de Clare.

[382] Osborn Wyddel (the Irishman)(fl. 1280), founder of Merionethshire families; migrated from Ireland, and was perhaps a Geraldine.

[383] Elias Osborn (1643–1720), quaker; imprisoned or non-payment of tithes, 1670; built meetiug-house at Ilminster; imprisoned, 1680; subsequently preached in western counties; his autobiography published, 1723.

[384] George Osborn (1808–1891), president of Wesleyan conference, 1863 and 1881; professor of divinity ut Kii-hinund College, 1KGH-85; published Poetical Work? of J. and Wrsli-y lHC,and -Outline* of NVexlvyan Bibliography 1869.

[385] John Osborn (1584?–1634?), worker in pressed horn and whalebone; settled at Amsterdam, 1600.

[386] Robert Durie Osborn (1835–1889), orientalist and soldier; saw service in the Indian mutiny, 1857-9, and served in Afghan campaign of 1879; retired as lieutenant-colonel, 1879; published Islam under the Arabs 1876, andIslam under the Khalifa of Baghdad 1K77, also Lawn Tennis 1881, and other work*; wlu-n editor of the Statesman 1879-80, opposed Lord Lytton's Indian policy.

[387] Sherard Osborn (1822–1875), rear-admiral and author; commanded tender at blockade of Quedah, 1838-9; served in Chinese war, 1840–3; commanded the Pioneer steam-tender in Captain Austin's arctic expedition, 1850-1, and in Sir Edward Belcher's expedition, 1852-4; O.B. for services against Russia in Sea of Azov, 1855; escorted gunboats to Canton, 1857, and took Lord Elgin to Shanghai, Yedo, and up the Yangtze to Hankow, 1858; managing director of Telegraph Construction Company, 1867-73: rear-admiral, 1873; member of the Arctic Committee of 1874-5; published Last Voyage and Fate of Sir John Franklin and other works on Arctic exploration (collected, 1865).

[388] Dorothy Osborne, afterwards Lady Temple (1627-1695). See Dorothy Temple.

[389] Sir Edward Osborne (1530?–1591), lord mayor of London: said to have rescued infant daughter of Sir William Hewett from the Thames when apprentice, c. 1545; married her, and succeeded to Hewett's business and estates; traded with Spain and Turkey: obtained incorporation of Turkey company, and was its first governor; president of St. Thomas's Hospital, London, 1586-91; alderman of London, 1573, sheriff, 1575, lord mayor, 1583; knighted, 1584; M.P. for the city of London, 1586; ancestor of first Duke of Leeds.

[390] Francis Osborne (1593–1659), author of Advice to a Son 1656; master of horse to William Herbert, third earl of Pembroke; afterwards in office of lord treasurer's remembrancer, and employed under Commonwealth at Oxford; friend of Hobbes; his Advice ridiculed by John Heydon (Jl. 1667), but one of the most popular contemporary works; published also Traditional Memoirs of Reigns of Queen Elizabeth and King James I 1658, and other works (first collected, 1673).

[391] Francis Osborne, fifth Duke of Leeds (1751-1799), politician; of Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1769; D.O.L., 1773; as Marquis of Carmarthen represented Eye and Helston, 1774-5; called to House of Lords as Baron Osbome of Kivetou, 1776, but known as Carmarthen till his succession to dukedom, 1789; lord chamberlain to George Ill's queen, and privy councillor, 1777: dismiss! from lord-lieutenancy of East Riding of Yorkshire for opposition to Lord North, 1780; restored by second Rockingham ministry and named ambassador extraordinary to Paris, 1782; foreign secretary under Pitt, 1783-91, resigning on question of Russian armament; took part in negotiations for coalition between Pitt and Fox, 1791; his Political Memoranda printed, 1884.

[392] George Alexander Osborne (1806–1893), pianist and composer; appointed instructor to eldest sou of Prince of Orange by influence of Prince de Chimay; as chapel-master of Prince of Orange at Brussels gave successful concerts, and collaborated with De Bcriot; captured by revolutionists, 1830; while in Paris (1831-44) intimate with Berlioz and Chopin; accompanied Chopin in F minor concerto, 1832; returned to England (1844) where he played, taught pupils, and composed chamber and violin music, overtures, and two operas; his Pluie de Perles published in Paris.

[393] Henry Osborne or Osborn (1698?-1771), admiral; present in action off Cape Passaro, 1718; commanded the Princess Caroline in Toulon action, 1744: commamler-in-elnef on Leeward Island! station, 174H; in Mfliterranenn, 1757-8. where he capturvd two French ships; a-lniirul of the white and rice-admiral of England,

[394] Peregrine Osborne, second Duke of Leeds (1658-1729), vice-admiral; created Viscount Osborne in h peerage, 1674: summoned to parliament as Baron Osborne of Kiveton, 1690, but known a* Earl of Danny, 1689-94, and Marquii of Carmarthen, 16941712 {captain of the Windsor Castle at Barnenr, 1692: led covering squadron at attempted landing in Camaret Bay, 1694: allowed valuable East Indiaman to be captured, 1695; vice-admiral of the white, 1702; succeeded to dukedom, 1712.

[395] Peter Osborne (1521–1892), keeper of the privy purse to Edward VI: of Cambridge and Lincoln Inn; barrister; friend of Sir John Cheke and other leading reformers: ecclesiastical commissioner, 1566; M.I, llnrsham, 1562-3, Plyrapton, 1572, Aldeburgh, 1684-6, and Westminster, 1588; an authority on commercial matters; executor of Archbishop Parker; member of commission of oyer and termiuer, 1570.

[396] Sir Peter Osborne (1684–1663), governor of Guernsey: grandson of Peter Osborne; knighted, 1611: M.P., Corfe Castle, 1623-4 and 1625: held Canto Cornet (Guernsey) for Charles I till 1646.

[397] Ralph Bernal Osborne (1808–1882). See Bernal Osborne.

[398] Ruth Osborne (1680–1751), reputed witch; died from effects of ducking by mob at Longmarstone, Buckinghamshire: a chimney-sweep hanged for her murder at Tring; last victim of English belief in witchcraft,

[399] Lord Sidney Godolphin Osborne (1808-1889), philanthropist; of Rugby and Brasenose College, Oxford; B.A., 1830: rector of Stoke Pogis, 1832, of Durweston, Dorset, 1841-75; visited the Nightingale hospitals at Scutari during Crimean war and western Ireland during the famine; as S. G. 0 addressed letters to The Times on agricultural, social, educational, and other matters (selection issued, 1888); published various works.

[400] Sir Thomas Osborne successively first Earl of Danby, Marquis of Carmarthen, and Duke of Leeds (1631-1712), statesman; great-grandson of Sir Fxlward Osborne; succeeded to baronetcy and Yorkshire estates, 1647; introduced at court by Buckingham; high sheriff of Yorkshire, 1661; M.P., York, 1665; attacked lord-chancellor Clarendon; treasurer of the navy, 1671; made privy councillor and a Scottish peer, 1673, and soon after lord high treasurer of England and a British peer; created earl and lord-lieutenant of the West Riding, 1674; managed the House of Commons during his five yearsadministration by corruption, and enriched himself, but tried to maintain national credit and to neutralise French influence: failed to pass proposal to make profession of passive obedience necessary qualification for office, 1675; K.G., 1677; made peace with Holland and promoted marriage of Mary, the Duke of York's daughter, with William of Orange, 1677; obliged to connive at secret treaty between Charles II and Louis XIV, 1676, and to demand Charles II's pension from France, 1678: impeached, 1678, after betrayal by Ralph Montagu of his letters to Louis XIV, being also charged with concealing thePopish plot: received pardon from Charles II under great seal and promise of marquisate on resignation, 1679, but his impeachment being revived in new parliament, although the trial was not proceeded with, he was kept prisoner in the Tower of London: was accused by Gates of plotting murder of Godfrey: refused bail in 1682 and 1683, but granted it, 1684, and released from Tower: resumed seat in House of Lords. 1685; on the dismissal of Halifax (1685) joined the opposition to James II, became reconciled with the whigs, signed the invitation to William of Orange, and secured York for him, hut supported the claim of the Princess Mary (Mary II) to the crown: lord-president of the council, 1689-99, being virtually prime minister, 1690-5; created marquis, 1689, and duke, 1694; lordlieutenant of Yorkshire, 1692-9: bitterly attacked by whigs and accused of Jacobite intrigues; supported Triennial bill, 1694; impeached for receiving bribe to . iuiru-r, 1695, but proceedings not concluded; created D.O.L. of Oxford and cmum - m rof trade, 1696: discouraged attainder of Fen wick: att.-u-k.il Halifax in House of Lonls, 1702; granted pension, 17U); published defences of his conduct under Charles II, 1710; left large fortune; his papers acquired by British Museum, 1869.

[401] Thomas Osborne (d. 1767), bookseller; at his shop in Gray Inn Gateway issued Richardson's Pamela; the catalogue (1743-6) of the Harleian Library purchased by him. and the Harleian Miscellany(1744-6): tttirifwd in the Dnnciud: principal bookseller of his time, but ignorant of books; beaten by Dr. Johnson for .ii.;. rM.. i, v.

[402] William Osborne (1736–1808), man-midwife; practised as surgeon and became M.D. of St. Andrews, 1777; lectured on obstetrics, and published Essay on Laborious Parturition 1783; opposed Caesarian section.

[403] Sir George Osborne Morgan (1826–1897). See Morgan.

[404] Osbrith (d. 867). See Osberht.

[405] Osburga or Osburh (fl. 861), wife of Ethelwulf, king of the West-Saxons, ami mother of Alfred the Great and three other kings.

[406] Osgar, Oscar or Ordgar (d. 984), abbot of Abingdon, 963-84; brought Benedictine rule from Fleury; finished buildings begun by Ethelwold.

[407] Osgith or Osyth (fl. 7th cent.?) See Osyth.

[408] Adam de Osgodby (d. 1316), keeper of the rolls of chancery, 1296-1316, and temporary keeper of great seal under Edward I and Edward II; held numerous offices and attended Edward II's council in later years.

[409] Osgod Clapa (d. 1054), thegn in the service of Cnut; outlawed by Edward the Confessor, 1046; took service with Swegeu Estrithson of Denmark, and harried Essex coast, 1049; died probably in England; Clapham said to be named from his house there.

[410] William Osgoode (1754–1824), Canadian judge; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1777; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1779; publishedRemarks on Laws of Descent 1779; chief-justice of Upper Canada, 1792-4, of Lower Canada, 1794-1801; as president of committee of public lands carried on contest with Prescott (lieutenantgovernor), who espoused cause of French Canadians; member of royal commissions on courts of law.

[411] Sir John O'Shanassy (1818-1883), Australian statesman; left Ireland, 1839; settled in Melbourne, 1846; agitated for separation from New South Wale and against penal settlements; member for Melbourne in legislative council, 1861: member of gold commiss; on 1886; elected for Melbourne and Kilmore to first leeislaSSTSS 1 * Victoria. 185; Premier of Victoria, 1867, 1868-9, and 1861-3; member of legislative council for central province, 1868-74; K.C.M.G., 1874; supported free trade, immigration, and Australian federation; negotiated first Victorian loan and carried Crown Lands Act (1862) and Local Government Act.

[412] Arthur William Edgar O'Shaughnessy (1844-1881), poet and herpetologist; assistant in zoological department, British Museum, from 1803; published Epic of Women 1870, Lays of France 1872, and Music ami Moonlight 1874: collaborated with wife inToyland 1875; English correspondent ofLe Livre

[413] William O'Shaughnessy (1674-1741), general in French service; of Gort, 06. Galway -went to France with Daniel O'Brien's Irish brigade, 1696; served ben*

[414] William Brooke O'Shaughnessy (1808-1889) director-general of Indian telegraphs; Brooke, 1861; M.D. Edinburgh, 1830: F.H.S., 1843; sometime surgeon in Bengal army and professor of .-lii-iiustry at Calcutta; laid down first Indian telegraphs as director-general, 1863; knighted, 1866; published works on chemistry.

[415] Oshere (fl. 680). under-king of the Hwiccii.

[416] Oskytel (d. 971), bishop of Dorchester, 950, and archbishop of York, 956-71; invited Oswald (d. 992) to live with him, 958, and learnt from him Benedictine rule.

[417] Oslac (fl. 954–975), Northumbrian earl; ruled Deirn under Edgar, 954-75; styled the great earl in Saxon Chronicle; banished, 975.

[418] Edward Osler (1798–1863), author of Life of Admiral Viscount Exmouth (1835); house-surgeon at Swansea Infirmary, 1819-25; when naval surgeon visited West Indies and wrote The Voyage a poem; collaborated with William John Hall in the Mitre HymnBook publishedChurch and King editedRoyal Cornwall Gazette from 1841.

[419] Osmund (fl. 758), king of the South-Saxons.

[420] Osmund (fl. 803), bishop of London.

[421] Osmund or Osmer (d. 1099), bishop of Salisbury; accompanied his uncle, William of Normandy, to England; acted as chancellor, 1072-8, and was employed in Domesday survey; bishop of Salisbury, 1078-99; consecrated Sarum Cathedral, 1092; founded chapter on Norman model and drew up an Ordinal and Consuetudinary for the diocese Use of Sarum); canonised, 1457, when his bones were translated to Salisbury; Register of St. Osmund printed, 1883-4.

[422] Osred (697?–716), king of Northumbria, 705-16, succeeding his father, Aldfrith, after Eadwulf s short usurpation; ruled with violence; slain in battle with his kinsman, Cenred.

[423] Osred (d. 792), king of Northumbria; succeeded Alfwold, 788, but was captured, tonsured, and banished to Man by Ethelred, 789; returned secretly, but was taken and put to death.

[424] Osric (d. 634), king of Deira, 633-4 ; cousin of Edwin of Northumbria; defeated and slain by Otedwalla (d. 634)

[425] Osric (d. 729), king of Northumbria ; grandson of Oswy; sometimes identified with Osric, king of the Hwiccii; founded Gloucester Abbey.

[426] Ossian or Oisin, legendary character in Gaelic literature: said to have been associate of Fionn and other third-century warriors at court of Tara and to have related their exploits to St. Patrick; Macpherson's translations inconsistent with accurate knowledge of Gaelic literature.

[427] Ossington, first Viscount (1800–1873). See John Evelyn Dennison.

[428] Earls of Ossory . See BUTLKR, SIR PIERCE or Pikrs first EARL, d. 1639; BUTIJSR, THOMAS, third Earl 1532–1614 ; BUTLKK, WALTKR, fourth EARL, 1569–1633; BUTLKU, JAMRH, fifth EARL, 1610-1688.

[429] Earl of Ossory styled (1634-1880). See Thomas Butler.

[430] Lord of Ossory (d. 888).

[431] William Ostler (fl. 1601–1623), actor; when one of the children of Queen Elizabeth's chapel, played in Jonson'sPoetaster 1601; appeared also in the Alchemist 1610, andCatiline 1611; played Antonio in Duchess of Malfy c. 1616.

[432] Ostrith or Osthryth (d. 697), queen of Mercia; daughter of Oswy; married Ethelred, son of Penda of Mercia, 675; removed bones of St. Oswald to Bardney Abbey; murdered by Mercian nobles.

[433] Donall O'Sullivan or O'Sullivan Beare (1560-1618), chief of the O'Sullivans of Beare co. Cork held Dunboy Castle with Spanish garrison against Sir George Oarew, 1602; after its capture retired to Glengariff and Ulster; ennobled by Philip III of Spain; killed by a refugee at Madrid.

[434] (Sir) John O'Sullivan(fl. 1747), adjutant-general to the Young Pretender; served In French army during war of Austrian succession; assisted Lochiel in capture of Kdinbtiivli, 17 ir,. and drew up rebel army at Culloden, 1746; after wards, escaped to France; knighted by the Pretender, 1747.

[435] Mortimer O'Sullivan (1791?-1859), Irish protestant divine; M. A. Trinity Colliya, Dublin, 1H32; Donellan liM-turer, 1851; pn-i..-n.lary of St. Patrick 1 -*, 18*7-30: chaplain to the earl of Carlisle when viceroy; published in answer to MooreCaptain lUx-k Detect.-.! i Mjuide to an Irish Gentleman in S-ar. -h oi.. it.-liifion 1 (1833), and to Newman. -Theory of Developments in Christian Doctrine applied and tested* 184ti), and with William PlieUmDigest of Evidence on State of Ireland (1826).

[436] Philip O'Sullivan or O'Sullivan Beare (15907-1660?), author; nephew of Donall O'SulIivan or O'Sullivau-Beare; educated at Compostella; served with Spanish fleet: published Historise Catholic* Iberniae Compendium, 1621, a life of St. Patrick, 1629, and other works.

[437] Samuel O'Sullivan (1790-1861), Irish divine and author: brother of Mortimer O'Sullivan; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1825: chaplain to Koyal Hibernian Military School, Dublin, 1827.

[438] Thomas Herbert O'Sullivan (d. 1824), soldier of fortune; son of (Sir) John O'SulIivan; served with John Paul Jones, 1779, and in the British army; died a major in the Dutch service at the Hague.

[439] Oswald or Osuuald, Saint (605?–642), king of the Northumbrians; son of Ethelfrith; on bis father's death fled to Iona and became Christian; defeated Credwalla (d. 634) at Hefenfelth, near Hexham, 634, where he set up a cross; became king of all Northumbria, 634; helped Aidan to spread Christianity, adopting the Scottish rite; completed Edwine's church at York; said to have been over-lord of Strathclyde;.exercised authority over the Trent Valley and in Lindsey; his supremacy acknowledged by West-Saxons and probably by Kent; calledsixth Bretwaldaby Bede andemperor of all Britainby Adamnan; defeated and slain by Penda of Mercia; his body translated from Bardney to monastery founded in his honour by Ethelfleda at Gloucester, 909; his head and hands carried to Bamborough, where they were venerated; the head taken to Lindisfarne and carried thence in St. Cuthbert's coffin to Durham, 1104.

[440] Saint Oswald (d. 992), archbishop of York ; nephew of Archbishop Odo (". 959); when head of secular house at Winchester went to Fleury to learn the Benedictine rule; accompanied Oskytel to Rome, 959, and afterwards assisted him at York; bishop of Worcester, 961-92; co-operated with Duustan and Ethel wold in replacing married clergy by monks, but showed moderation in reforms; founded monasteries at Westbury, Worcester, Winchcombe, and the Isle of Ramsey: archbishop of York, 972-92; took part in coronation of Eadgar, 973; removed bones of Pt. Wilfrid from Ripon to Worcester; encouraged learning.

[441] Oswald or Oswold (fl. 1010), monk of Ramsey; nephew of St. Oswald (d. 992); studied at Fleury and visited abbeys in France; enjoyed great repute as scholar and was probably author of Vita S. Oswaldi and of the Worcester manuscript at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge.

[442] Oswald (d. 1437), priest of the Charterhouse, Perth, 1429-37; friend of Gerson.

[443] George Oswald (d. 1819), rector of Glasgow University, 1797; nephew of Richard Oswald

[444] James Oswald (1715–1769), politician and friend of Adam Smith; called to Scottish bar, 1740; M.P.,Kirkcaldy burghs, 1741-7 and 1754-68, Fifeshire, 1747-54; Scottish commissioner of the navy. 1744; commissioner of trade, 1751-9; a lord of the treasury, 1769-63; privy councillor and joint vice- treasurer in Ireland, 1763.

[445] John Oswald (d. 1793), republican pamphleteer; served with the 42nd higblauders in America and India: joined the Jacobin Club at Paris; published poems and pamphlets, political it Pont-. lied at head of his

[446] Sir John Oswald (1771-1840), general; grandson of James Oswald; took part in capture of: Wt Indies, 1794:.omn.an.l.xl 3&tti regiment In Hll:ti:.i. 1799, ami at reduction f Malta, 1800; rommandrd l.riMalda, 1806! captured Scylla Oastle, 1806; 1*1 attit.-k n Alexandria and defended Rosetta, 1807; commanded reserve in capture of Ischla and Procida, 1809: directed capture of Ionian inland*, 1809: drove French from Santa Maura, iKlu: h.-M temporary command of the 5th division in the Peninxula, 1812-13; Q.C.I general, 1837; G.O.M.G., 1838.

[447] Richard Oswald (1706–1784), merchant and politician; commissary to Brunswick's army in Seven yearswar; introduced by Adam Smith to Shelburne: Shelburne's agent in negotiations with Franklin at Paris. 1782, and was chief negotiator of the treaty with United States.

[448] William Cotton Oswell (1818–1893), African explorer: educated at Hntrby and the East Indian College, Haileybury: during his ten years in Madras civil -trvi.-e won reputation as linguist and elephant hunter; spent two years furlough in hunting over unexplored South Africa: took part in Livingstone's discovery of Lake Ngami, 1849, and the Zambesi, 1861; during Crimean war carried secret-service money from Lord Raglan to Sir Lintorn Simmons at Shumla: contributed African chapter to 0. P. Wolley's Big Game Shooting

[449] John Oswen (fl. 1548–1553), printer at Ipswich and Worcester; issued, among other publications, Cranmer's New Testament, 1550.

[450] Lord of Oswestry (1223–1267). See John Fitzalan.

[451] Oswin or Oswini (d. 651), last king of Deira; son of Osric (d. 634); recalled from exile in Wessex, 642, and ruled Deira under Penda, but helped St. Aidan; betrayed by Htmvald to Oswy, king of Bernicia, and murdered at Ingetlingum (Gilling): said to have been buried at Tynemoutb, where he had a shrine.

[452] Oswulf or Osulf (d. 758), king of Northumbria; succeeded his father, Eadberht, who resigned the kingdom to him, 758; assassinated by the men of his household.

[453] Oswulf or Osulf (d. 1067), earl of Bernicia under Morcar, 1065-7; slew Copsige, his dispossessor, but was himself slain soon after,

[454] '^ Oswy,' Osuiu, Oswiu, Oswio, Osguid, Osweus, or Oswius (612?–670), king of Northumbria; younger son of Ethelfrith; baptised in loua; became king of Bernicia, 643; had constant wars with Penda and the Britons; married daughter of Eadwine; invaded Deira, 651, and procured death of Oswin, after whose death he ruled all Northumbria, 661-70; erected monastery at Gilling in expiation: gave Peada , king of the Middle Angles, his daughter in marriage conditionally on his acceptance of Christianity, e. 653; assisted in reconversion of East-Saxons; defeated Penda by the river Winwcd, 656, and gained possession of Mercia, Lindsey, and the laud of tinSouth- Angles; his supremacy also acknowledged by EastAngles and East-Saxons; probably ruled Britons of Alclyde and Scots of Dalriada, and is said to have subjugated Picts; seventh Bretwalda of theSaxon Chronicle; lost Southern Mercia, 658; presided at synod of Whitbv 664, and accepted Roman rite, bat substituted Ceadda for Wilfrith to see of York after rebellion of Alchfrith.

[455] '^ Oswyn (fl. 803). See Osmund.

[456] Osyth, Osith, Osgith, Saint (fl. 7th cent?), said to have been a granddaughter of the Mercian king Penda; founded a nunnery at Chich, Essex; according to an unhistorical legend beheaded by Danes on her refusal to apostatise.

[457] Othere (fl. 880). See Ohthere.

[458] Adam Duff O'Toole (d. 1327), reputed heretic; burnt at Le Hotfgee, Dublin. (. S 37

[459] Bryan O'Toole (d. 1825), lieutenant-colonel ; mpesch's hussars in France and Belgium, 17W-S,ln Holland, 1794-8, the West Indies, 1796-7: aidede-camp to Sir Galbralth Lowry Oolo at Maida, 18M; commanded Oalabrian free corps, 1810; st-m-l with Portuguese In Peninsula; lieutenant-colonel, 1813; 0.8 1815.

[460] Laurence O'Toole (Lorcán ua Tuathail) (1130 ?-1180), Irish Mint and first archbishop of Dublin; corb of Olendalough, 1155: arolibishop of Dublin, 1162-1180; converted secular canons of Christ Churcb, Dublin, into canons regular of Aroasia: practised austerities; attended great meeting at Athboy, 1167; took leading part in rising against Anglo-Norman invaders, 1171: attended council of Cashel, 1172; ambassador of Roderic O'Connor (1116?-1198) to Henry II at r. 1175: attended Lateran Council and obtained bull of conflrnmtion for Dublin, 1179; again appealed to Henry II, 1180; followed him to France and died at Eu, being burled in the cathedral; canonised, 1226.

[461] John Otteby (d. 1487).

[462] William Otter (1768–1840), bishop of Chicbester; of Jesus College, Cambridge: fourth wrangler, 1790: M.A., 1793; fellow, 1796-1804; D.D., 1836; master of Helston grammar school, 1791-6; travelled with Malthas in northern Europe, 1799; rector of Colmworth, 1804, of Stunner, 1810, of Chetwynd, 1811,of St. Mark's, Kennington, 1825; first principal of King's College, London, 1K30-6: Cbichester theological college founded during his episcopate (1836-40): training college erected in his memory, 1850; publishedLife and Remains of Edw. Daniel Clarke 1S24, and wrote memoir of Malthus prefixed to Political Economy 1836.

[463] Nicholas Otterbourne (fl. 1448–1459), clerk-registrar of Scotland and secretary to James II; M.A. Glasgow; reputed author of Epitbalamium Jacob! II, Lib. I

[464] Thomas Otterbourne (fl. 1400), author of chronicle extending to 1420 (printed by Hearne with Whethamstede, 1732): probably not identical with the Franciscan of the same name.

[465] Sir Adam Otterburne (d. 1548), king's advocate of Scotland and ambassador: as provost of Edinburgh tried to stamp out the plague, 1529; much employed in negotiations with England, generally favouring the English against the French party; knighted, c. 1534: Imprisoned for relations with the Douglases, 1538-9; pardoned and again diplomatically employed, 1542; opposed marriage of Ed want, son of Henry VIII, with Mary, tlnughtrr of James V, and joined French party after Sol way Moss; accredited to England by Mary of Guise, 1647; died from wound in campaign against English.

[466] Hippocrates Otthen, D'Otthen or D'Othon (d. 1611), physician successively to the earls of Leicester and Essex, Mountjoy (in Ireland), and the earl of Hertford (in Austria); M.D. of Montpellier and Oxford; L.R.C.P., 1589.

[467] Sir Francis Ottley (1601–1649), royalist; educated at Lincoln College, Oxford; entered Inner Temple, 1620: knighted, 1642; governor of Shrewsbury, 1643-4; nominated by royalists sheriff of Shropshire, 1644: surrendered to parliamentarians at Bridyrenortli, 1646, being given option of banishment; left collections of papers relating to civil war.

[468] William Young Ottley (1771–1836), writer on art and amateur artist: sold fine collections of drawings to Sir Thomas Lawrence; published etchings and enjniiving* and works on the history of engraving, besides Inquiry into Invention of Printing (posthumous, 18C3); keeper of prints in British Museum, 1833-6.

[469] Caesar Otway (1780–1842), author; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1801: co-operated with Joseph Henderson Singer in establishment ofChristian Examiner 18tt, and with George Petrie in Dublin Penny JO I?K: P"* 01 "* 1 at L* 8800 Street Chapel, London; published miscellaneous works.

[470] Robert Waller Otway, first baronet, admiral; took distinguished part in action of 1 June 1794 on flagship of Hear-admiral Sir Benjamin Caldwell; took leading part in capture of Grenada, 1796, and captured or destroyed two hundred privateers or merchantmen in West Indies, 1795-1800: as commander of Sir Hyde Parker's flagship at Copenhagen communicated message to Nelson during action, 1801; co-operated with Catalonians, 1808; employed in blockade of Toulon, 1809-10; co-operated in siege of St. Sebastian, 1813; commander-in-cbief at Leith, 1818-21, on South American station, 1826-9; admiral, 1830; created baronet, 1831; G.C.B., 1845.

[471] Thomas Otway (1652–1685), dramatist; educated at Winchester College and Christ Church, Oxford, but did not graduate: appeared unsuccessfully on the stage; his tragedy, Alcibiades acted at Dorset Garden Theatre, London, by the Bettertons and Mrs. Barry, 1675: gained great success with Don Carlos 1676; produced * Titus and Berenice 1 and The Cheats of Scapin(adaptations), 1677, Friendship in Fashion (first comedy), 1678; patronised by the Duke of York and Lords Plymouth, Falkland, Middlesex, and Rochester; enlisted in the army in Holland, 1678, and received a commission, but soon returned; his first blank- verse. tragedy, * The Orphan produced successfully, 1680, Soldier's Fortune (comedy), 1681; caricatured Shaftesbury as Antonio inVenice Preserved 1682, in which Betterton played Jaffier and Mrs. Barry Belvidera; his play, The Atheist (comedy), performed 1684; also wrote prologues, epilogues, and a few poems; the manner of his death when in a state of destitution disputed. French, German, Dutch, Russian, and Italian versions ofVenice Preservedhave been made, and the play has been commended by Dryden, Hazlitt, and Taine: parts also of The Orphan have been highly praised. Both have been frequently revived, the former being seen at Drury Lane Theatre, London, in 1829. First published edition of Otway's collected plays, 1713.

[472] Thomas Otway (1616–1693), bishop of Ossory; of Christ's College, Cambridge, and Trinity College, Dublin (D.D.); captured and banished to West Indies by parliamentarians when chaplain to Sir Ralph Hopton; chaplain to Lord Berkeley when viceroy of Ireland: bishop of Killaloe, 1670-80, of Ossory, 1680-93: adhered to James II; benefactor of Christ's College, Cambridge, and Trinity College, Dublin.

[473] Nicholas Oudart (d. 1681), Latin secretary to Charles II; brought to England from Brabant by Sir Henry Wotton: created M.A. Oxford, 1636 (incorporated at Cambridge, 1638): secretary to Sir William Boswell at the Hague, 1640; assistant-secretary to Sir Edward Nicholas, 1641-51; amanuensis to Charles I; secretary to Princess Mary of Orange, 1651-61; Latin secretary to Charles II,1666-81; a copy of Eikon Basilike said to be in his handwriting.

[474] Walter Oudney (1790–1824), naval surgeon and African traveller; friend of Abercrombie at Edinburgh: M.D. Edinburgh, 1817; joined Hugh Clapperton and Dixon Dcnham in expedition to trace sources of the Niger, 1821; died at Kouka, Soudan,

[475] Oudoceus (fl, 630?), bishop of Llandaff ; reputed successor of Teilo; church of Llandogo, Monmouthshire, dedicated to him.

[476] Sir James Adolphus Dickenson Oughton (1720-1780), lieutenant-general; served at Culloden, 1746, and in Flanders,! 747- 8; lieutenant-governor of Antigua: K.B. and commauder-in-cbief in North Britain, 1768-80; lieutenant-general, 1770: met Dr. Johnson at BoswellV house, 1773.

[477] William Oughtred (1576–1660), mathematician; of Eton and King's College, Cambridge: fellow of King's College, 1595; held clerical preferment; composed Easy Method of Geometrical Dialling while an undergraduate; Invented horizontal instrument for delineating dials, which he showed to Gunter, 1618; published 'Clavis Mathematical 1631,Circles of Proportion 1632, and other works; invented trigonometrical abbreviations and introduced multiplication and proportion signs; correspondent of leading contemporary mathematicians.

[478] Sir Fielding Ould (1710–1789), man-midwife; author of Treatise on Midwifery(1742); master of Dublin Lying-in Hospital, 1759; knighted, 1759.

[479] Walley Chamberlain Oulton (1770?-1820?), author of compilations on the history of London theatres from 1771 to 1795 and 1795 to 1817 (1796, 1818); produced numerous plays at Dublin and in London; published works, including Beauties of Kotzebue 1800; a- Mlroiv Horn. attacked Richard Brothers and Nathaniel Brassey Halsted; defended authenticity of Ireland's Vortigern.

[480] Sir Frederick Arthur Gore Ouseley , second baronet, (1825-1889), musician and composer: i of sir Gore ( mseley; of OhriHt Church, Oxford; M. A., 1849; Mus.Doc. Oxford, 1854 (inoorponiti-d at Durhain, 185C, raml.ridkfe, 1MJ2, Dublin, 1888); professor of music at Oxford and precentor of Hereford, 1855: canon of Hereford, 1886; composed an opera at eight; founded St. Michael's College,I'mlmr.., 1857; composed a sacred cantata, two oratorios, and much church and secular music; published three treatises on musical theory.

[481] Gideon Ouseley (1768–1839), methodist; cousin of Sir Gore Ouaeley: prenched in Irish, chiefly in Ulster, from 1799; publishedShort Defence of the Old Religion 1812 (reprinted nsOld Christianity against Papal Novelties 1827), and other works.

[482] Sir Gore Ouseley , first baronet (1770–1844), diplomatist and oriental scholar: while engaged in commerce in India was aide-de-camp to the nabob vizier of Ondh; created baronet, 1808, for his services to British government: as ambassador extraordinary in Persia concluded treaty with England, 1812, and mediated between Persia and Russia, 1813; privy councillor, 1820; G.O.H., 1831; chairman of Oriental Translation Committee and president of Society for Publication of Oriental Texts, 1842; bisBiographical Notices of Persian Poets published posthumously, 1846.

[483] (Sir) Ralph Ouseley (1772–1842), major-general in Portuguese array; brother of Gideon Ouseley; served during French invasion of Ireland, 1798, and in Emmet's rising, 1803; entered Portuguese service under Beresford, 1809; commanded 18th Portuguese in Pyrenees, 1813; severely wounded in successful night attack on Urda; organised at Rio Janeiro and commanded regiment in reduction of Pernambuco, 1817; retired from British service as major, 1825; died at Lisbon as Portuguese knight and major-general.

[484] Sir William Ouseley (1767–1842), orientalist; brother of Sir Gore Ouseley; studied Persian at Paris and Leyden, and received honorary degrees from Dublin and Rostock; knighted by Coruwallis, 1800; accompanied his brother to Persia, 1810: published Persian Miscellanies 1795, Oriental Collections 1797-9, and other works.

[485] Sir William Gore Ouseley (1797–1866), diplomatist; son of Sir William Ouseley; while attache at Washington issued a book on American institutions, 1832; charge d'affaires in Brazil, 1838; minister to Argentine, 1844; secured evacuation of Uruguay by Argentine troops, 1847; K.C.B., 1852; D.C.L. Oxford, 186*; went on special mission in Central America, 1857; publishedDescription of Views in South America, from original drawings 1852.

[486] Benjamin Outram (1764–1805), civil engineer; introduced iron railways for colliery traffic: founded Butterley Ironworks.

[487] Sir Benjamin Fonseca Outram (1774–1866), naval surgeon; in the Superb during Sir J. Saumarez's victory at Cadiz, 1801; M.D. Edinburgh, 1809; practised in London and became medical inspector of fleets and hospitals, 1841; F.R.S., 1838; K.C.B., 1850; F.R.C.P., 1852.

[488] George Outram(1805-1856), author of Lyrics, Legal and Miscellaneous (published, 1874): nephew of Benjamin Outram; edited Glasgow Herald 18371856: collaborated with Christopher North in Dies Boreales.

[489] Sir James Outram , first baronet (1803–1863), lieutenant-general in Indian army; son of Benjamin Outram: educated at Aberdeen; entered Indian army, 1819; directed capture of Malegaon, 1825; subdued Dang country, 1830; put down rising "of Bhils of Barwani, 1833; performed great hunting exploits; reported on ?tatc of Gujerat, 1835, and became political agent in the MaU kanta:. mployni ! sir John Kcaneon minion* Shuja and McNairhten, Isii; 1.-.1. vuedltious against Dost Muhammad and against Uhilzais; promoted for services at siege of Kalat, 1889: carried despatches in Afghan disguise from General WilNhire to Bombay bySmimiaiii Bundar route; when political agent in Lower Sindh ( 1839-41 )negotlated treaty with Mir 8her Muhammad, 1841: ad agent in Upper Sindh assiBtal Nott and Sir Charles James Napier In Afghanistan and Bal. ItsS; described bg RjfftvM HM 7 ittyMdd taliu.-,-.. defended n IteMg U SttmtaiacaitttdgU thousand Sikhs, 1843; O.B. and promoted for services in first Sikh war; espoused cause of amir of Sindh against Napier, 1843; head of intelligence department during campaign In southern Maratha country, 1844: resident of Baroda, 1847-51; dismissed in connection with his report (1861) on corruption (khatpat), but reinstated by Dalhoosie, 1K54; wroteMemorandum on the Invasion of India from the Westward 185H; as resident at oiidh recommended annexation, 1855: K.C.B., 1866; G.O.B. after successfully conducting war against Persia, 1867; at the outbreak of the Indian mutiny had command of two Bengal divisions between Calcutta and Cawnpore, being also chief commissioner of Oudh after Lawrence's death, but waived his military rank and acted as volunteer under Havelock during the first relief of Lucknow: commanded Lucknow garrison until the second relief under Sir Colin Campbell; conducted the evacuation and held the place in check till the third relief, defeating Ahmad Shah's troops in several engagements; co-operated with Campbell In the final capture, 1868: received a baronetcy, a pension, and the freedom of London; military member of Lord "Canning's council, 1858-60; lieutenant-general, 1858; died at Pau and received public funeral in Westminster Abbey. He published works concerning the campaign in Sindh and Afghanistan, the conquest of Sindh, and his Baroda administration.

[490] William Outram (1626–1679). See Owtram.

[491] George Gerbier Ouvilly (fl. 1661). See D'Ouvilly.

[492] Frederic Ouvry (1814–1881), president of Society of Antiquaries, treasurer, 1854-74, president, 1876-8; friend of Dickens; made fine collections of manuscripts, ballads, and autograph letters.

[493] John Overall (1560–1619), bishop successively of Coventry and Lichfield and of Norwich: educated at Cambridge; major fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1582; M.A., 1582; regius professor of theology, 1596-1607; D.D., 1596; master of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, 15981607; opposed extreme Calvinists; dean of St. Paul's London, 1602; took part in Hampton Court conference and enlargement of church catechism, 1604; prolocutor of Canterbury lower house, 1605 (his Convocation Book published by Bancroft, 1690); one of the Old Testament revisers, 1611; bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, 1614, of Norwich, 1618: correspondent of Voss and Qrotiiu; wrote against Lambeth articles and on predestination.

[494] William Henry Overall (1829–1888), librarian of the Guildhall, 1865-88; F.SJL, 1868: with his cousin prepared analytical index to Remernbrancia 1878; chief work, History of Clockmakers Company 1881.

[495] Sir Thomas Overbury (1581–1613), poet and victim of court intrigue; of Queen's College, Oxford (B.A., 1598), and the Middle Temple: made acquaintance of Robert Carr at Edinburgh, whose adviser at court he became; made sewer to the king and knighted, 1608; travelled in Netherlands, 1609, and is said to bare written Observations upon the Seventeen Provinces; encouraged Rochester's (Carr's) intrigue with Frances Howard, countess of Essex, and is said himself to have attempted intrigue with Lady Rutland: broke with Ben Jonson in consequence; opposed Rochester's marriage with Lady Essex and was supposed cognisant of some secret concerning him; after refusal of diplomatic employment was sent to the Tower, 1613, and there slowly poisoned by agente of Lady Essex, four of whom were hanged, 1615, Somerset (Carr) and his wife (Lady Essex) being convicted, but pardoned. Twenty writers (Including Ford) contributed prefatory verses to his poem * A Wife (published, 1614), and Ben Jonson credited him with introducing culture into the court. Snl.se.iumt edition* A Wife* have additional compositions of the author. imeof doubtful authenticity: his Miscellaneous Works inVerae Md Prow* edited by Edward F. Henry T to Normandv. 1111: killed in battle with Gerald of Windsor. xin.

[496] Sir Thomas Overbury (d. 1684), author of curious tract in Harleian Miscellany and controversial writer; Thomas Overbury riM M to writer: nephew ~.. --- - "rii5 qu9i knighted, 160. C xhl - 3K2 1

[497] Marmaduke Overend (d. 1790), organist of Isleworth, Middlesex. 1700-90, and composer,

[498] Baron Overstone (1796–1883). See Samuel Jones Loyd.

[499] Charles Overton (1805–1889), evangelical divine; son of John Overton (1763-1838): vicar of Clapham, Yorkshire, 1837, of Cottingham, 1841-89: nubhsheUCottage Lectures on Bunynn'3 "Pilgrim's StgZm" practically explained(1848, pt.i. pt ii. 1S4-J) and similar works, besides verse and a parochial history.

[500] Constantine Overton (d. 1687), quaker.

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