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A series of reforms were introduced by the Young Turks in the Ottoman Empire restarted a convergence towards Continental governance, economics, politics, and social norms over the span of a decade. These reforms came about in a chaotic political context: from the 1908 Young Turk Revolution to Ottoman defeat in World War I in 1918, the Ottoman Empire was dominated by the Committee of Union and Progress, during which countless coup attempts, assassinations, wars, ultimately led to the collapse of the empire. In between however, the CUP, and the newly returned Young Turks more broadly, introduced important reforms across many spaces. Inertia of the reforms of the Young Turks carried over into the Republican era under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.

The Ancien Regime

Main article: Hamidian Period

See also

Ahmet Tevfik Pasha government
Government of the Ottoman Empire
Date formed	First: 11 November 1918 Second: 13 January 1919 Third: 24 February 1919
Date dissolved	First: 12 January 1919 Second: 24 February 1919 Third: 3 March 1919
People and organisations
Sultan	Mehmed VI
Grand Vizier	Ahmed Tevfik Pasha
History
Predecessor	Ahmet Izzet Pasha government
Successor	Damat Ferid Pasha government

The Ahmed Tevfik Pasha government was headed by Grand Vizier Ahmet Tevfik Pasha, after his appointment by Sultan Mehmed VI. It was formed on 11 November, 1918 after Ahmed Izzet Pasha's resignation. Tevfik Pasha had a hard time in governing the Empire, and had to change his cabinet three times. He finally resigned on 3 March 1919.

Cabinet Tevfik Pasha 11 November 1918 – 3 March 1918
Portfolio	Minister	Date	Notes
Grand Vizier	Ahmed Tevfik Pasha (Okday)	11 November 1918 – 3 March 1918
Şeyhülislam	Haydarîzade İbrahim Efendi	11 November 1918 – 3 March 1918
Minister of War	Kölemen Abdullah Pasha	11 November 1918 – 19 December 1918
	Cevat Çobanlı Pasha	19 December 1918 – 13 January 1919
	Ömer Yaver Pasha	13 January 1919 – 24 February 1919
	Ali Ferid Pasha	24 February 1919 – 4 March 1919
Minister of Navy	Ali Rıza Pasha	11 November 1918 – 3 March 1918
Minister of Interior	Mustafa Arif (Deymer)
	Artin Cemal Bey (Keşmir)
	Kurd Ahmet Izzet Pasha	29 January 1919 – 3 March 1918
Minister of Foreign Affairs	Mustafa Reşit Pasha	11 November 1918 – 12 January 1918
	Yusuf Franko Pasha	18 December 1918 – 24 February 1919
Minister of Finance	Abdurrahman Vefik Bey (Sayın)	11 November 1918 – February 1919
	Mehmed Atâ Bey	February 1919 – 3 March 1919	Appointed Finance minister after Vefik. Died before he could take up his post
Minister of Education	Rıza Tevfik (Bölükbaşı)	11 November 1918 – 12 January 1919
	Yusuf Ziya Bey	12 January 1919 – 3 March 1919
Minister of Justice	Mehmet Ziya Pasha
	Arif Hikmet Pasha
	Molla Mahmut Cemil Efendi
Minister of Public Works	Mehmet Ziya Pasha
	Şevket Turgut Pasha
President of Council of State	Mehmet Şerif Pasha
	Cemil Molla
Minister of Trade and Agriculture	Kostaki Vâyâni Efendi
	Abdullah Lâmi Bey
Minister of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone	Yusuf Franko Pasha	11 November 1918 – 18 December 1918
	Ethem Bey
Minister of Imperial Pious Foundations	Kurd Ahmet Izzet Pasha
Minister of Supply	Reşit Bey
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