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Coordinates: 52°16′N 20°59′E / 52.267°N 20.983°E / 52.267; 20.983
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Railway bridge by the Citadel

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The Railway bridge by the Citadel is a railway steel bridge over Vistula in Warsaw, Poland.

First crossing in the location was constructed in 1875 as a double-decked road-rail steel bridge and was the second permanent river crossing after the Kierbedź Bridge. Between 1905 and 1908 another bridge was build directly beside the first one to its north. It was designed to carry railway fraffic, so the 1875 brige could be solely dedicated to road traffic

Camaldolese Church

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Camaldolese Church
Church of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception
AddressDewajtis 3
01-815 Warsaw
CountryPoland
DenominationCatholic
History
Status

Camaldolese Church (Polish: Kościół pokamedulski) in Warsaw is a late-baroque church of the former Camaldolese monastery, located in the Bielany district. Officially named the Church of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception (Kościół Niepokalanego Poczęcia Najświętszej Marii Panny)[a] currently serves as a parish church of the Blessed Edward Detkens parish

d20f01ff Solidarność

National Electoral Commission (Poland)

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National Electoral Commission
Państwowa Komisja Wyborcza (Polish)
Agency overview
TypeElection commission
Jurisdiction Poland
Agency executive
  • Sylwester Marciniak, Chairman
Key document
National Electoral Office
Krajowe Biuro Wyborcze (Polish)
Agency overview
TypeIndependent executive agency
Jurisdiction Poland
Agency executive
  • Magdalena Pietrzak, Chief Executive
Key document

The National Electoral Commission (Polish: Państwowa Komisja Wyborcza, PKW) is a permanent election commission responsible for countrywide overseeing and carrying out elections and referendums in Poland. It is a panel-like body of nine persons trained in law, two of which with obligatory judical experience, chosen partly by judiciary and partly by legislature for a fixed period of time.

The Commission is suplied with logistical and administrative aid by the National Electoral Office (Krajowe Biuro Wyborzce, KBW).

Composition

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The National Electoral Commission is composed of:[1]: Art. 157 

  • Judge of the Supreme Administrative Court, chosen by the President of the Supreme Administrative Court. Their term lasts for 9 years.
  • Judge of the Constitutional Tribunal, chosen by the President of the Constitutional Tribunal. Their term lasts for 9 years.
  • Seven persons qualified to be a judge, chosen by the Sejm. Their term lasts as long as the Sejm's which elected them.

Members of the Commission are appointed by the President of Poland.

They elect chairperson of the Commission out of two members chosen by the Court or the Tribunal, and two deputy-chairpersons out of the others.

Chief Executive of the National Electoral Office is ex officio Commission's secretary with an advisory vote.

Current

[edit]

Chairperson

[edit]

Deputy-chairpersons

[edit]

Members

[edit]
  • Ryszard Balicki
  • Liwiusz Laska
  • Dariusz Lasocki
  • Maciej Miłosz
  • Arkadiusz Pikulik
  • Konrad Składowski

Secretary

[edit]
  • Magdalena Pietrzak, Chief Executive of the National Electoral Office

Role and organisation

[edit]

Electoral commissioners

[edit]

Electoral commissioners (komisarz wyborczy) are officials representing the National Electoral Commission within fixed geographical area of a size of or smaller than the voivodeship. They are appointed by the Commission out of trained in law candidates designated by the minister responsible for the internal affairs.

Polling stations

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Electoral commissioners establish and disolve polling stations (obwody głosowania, lit. voting circuit) within geographical area of their resposibility. Polling stations are assigned an unique number and fixed geographical area encompasing between and inhabitants, meaning municipalities (gminas) are subdivided into one or more... . They are permanent, meaning they remain the same ones established unless change is needed due to population change, and remain the same for all types of election. Special or 'distinct' (odrębne) polling stations are established and after election disolved in hospitals, nursing homes, Polish sea ships, penal institutions, etc. There were

Polling station commissions (sing. obwodowa komisja wyborcza, lit. circuit election commission) of 7 to 13 citizines are appointed before an election by the electoral commissioner out of candidates submited by parties taking part in the election and citizines who submited their candidacy by themselves. Their resposibility is to carry out the voting at the polling station and then count ballots and determine the results. they reccieve payment.[1]: Chap. 7 

Teritorial electoral commission

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In local elections electoral commissioners establish and disolve teritorial electoral commissions (terytorialne komisje wyborcze) within geographic area of their resposibility.

  • voivodeship electoral commissions – resposible for overseeing and determining results of elections to voivodeship sejmiks;
  • powiat electoral commissions – resposible for overseeing and determining results of elections to county councils;
  • gmina/city electoral commissions – resposible for overseeing and determining results of elections to municipal/city councils and elections of mayors.

Regional electoral commissions

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Constituency electoral commissions

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See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Election Code – Act of 5 January 2011 (Dz.U. 2011 nr 21 poz. 112 (in Polish))

Żoliborz

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Żoliborz
Warsaw district
Comedy Theatre in Warsaw
Comedy Theatre in Warsaw
Official logo of Żoliborz
Location of Żoliborz within Warsaw
Location of Żoliborz within Warsaw
Coordinates: 52°16′N 20°59′E / 52.267°N 20.983°E / 52.267; 20.983
CountryPoland
VoivodeshipMasovian
City countyWarsaw
Notable landmarks
List
Government
 • MayorPaweł Michalec
Area
 • Total
8.47 km2 (3.27 sq mi)
Population
 (2019)
 • Total
52,293[1]
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Area code+48 22
Vehicle registrationWX
Websitezoliborz.um.warszawa.pl

Governance

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District council

[edit]
Political afiliation Councilors
Elected (2018)[2] Current[3] Change
Civic Coalition 10 10
10 / 21
 Steady
Law and Justice 6 5
5 / 21
 Decrease 1
Miasto Jest Nasze 5 3
3 / 21
 Decrease 2
Independent – 3
3 / 21
 Increase 3
Political afiliation Councilors
2006–2010[4] 2010–2014[5] 2014–2018[6] Current
2018–2024[7]
Civic Coalition 5[b] 9[b] 5[b] 10
10 / 21
Law and Justice 7 8 8 5
5 / 21
Miasto Jest Nasze – – 1 3
3 / 21
Left and Democrats 4 – – – –
Independent 2 – – 3
3 / 21
Other[c] 3 4 7 – –

Warsaw City Council

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Żoliborz together with Bielany district make up 5th constituency for the Warsaw City Council. Currently they hold 6 seats out of 60 in the Council.

Warsaw City Council: 5th constituency (Żoliborz, Bielany)
Political afiliation Councilors
2006–2010[8] 2010–2014[9] 2014–2018[10] Current
2018–2024[11]
Civic Coalition 3[b] 4[b] 3[b] 4
4 / 6
Law and Justice 3 2 3 2
2 / 6
Democratic Left Alliance 1 1 – – –
Number of seats 7 7 6 6
6 / 60

Neighbourhoods

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According to the Warsaw's street marking system, Żoliborz can be further divided into three neighbourhoods:[12]

  • Marymont-Potok
  • Sady Żoliborskie
  • Stary Żoliborz

Other common and historical areas can be distinguished, including:

  • Marymont
  • Osiedle Potok
  • Żoliborz Oficerski
  • Żoliborz Urzędniczy
  • Żoliborz Dziennikarski
  • Żoliborz Dolny
  • Żoliborz Spółdzielczy
  • Żoliborz Centralny
  • Żoliborz Przemysłowy
  • Zatrasie
  • Powązki

Mayor of Warsaw

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History

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During the World War I, in face of approaching German Empire offensive on Warsaw, last Russian mayor Aleksander Miller left the city along the Russian army on 4 August 1915. Subsequently Zdzisław Lubomirski, who was a chairman of the Warsaw Citizens' Committee, a charitable self-governing organisation, took over diuties of the mayor and the Committee became grassroots of the local government in German-occupied city. In July 1916 the election to the City Council was held under aproval and supervision of the occupier. Elected council tapped the Lubomirski as the city mayor.

List of mayors

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Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1792–1796)

[edit]
№ Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portrait Term of office
Start End Duration
1 Ignacy Wyssogota Zakrzewski
(1745–1802)
16 April
1792
25 August
1792 		132 days
2 Józef Michał Łukasiewicz
30 August
1792
20 March
1793 		203 days
3 Andrzej Rafałowicz
(1736–1823) 		No image avalible
21 March
1793
17 April
1794 		1 year, 28 days
(1)
4 		Ignacy Wyssogota Zakrzewski
(1745–1802)
17 April
1794
3 November
1794 		201 days
5 Józef Michał Łukasiewicz
20 November
1794
25 July
1796 		1 year, 249 days
Andrzej Rafałowicz
(1736–1823) 		No image avalible

Source:[13]

Prussian Poland (1796–1806)

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№ Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office
Start End Duration
6 Franz Schimmelpfennig von der Ove
25 July
1796
23 April
1799 		2 years, 273 days
7 Friedrich Georg Tilly
(1742–1811)
23 April
1799
27 November
1806 		7 years, 219 days

Source:[13]

Duchy of Warsaw (1807–1815)

[edit]
№ Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portrait Term of office
Start End Duration
8 Joachim Moszyński
(1758–1821)
[14] 		No image avalible
January
1807
21 February
1807 		21–51 days
9 Paweł Bieliński
(d. 1807) 		No image avalible
17 April
1807
4 July
1807 		79 days
10 Stanisław Węgrzecki
(1765–1845)
4 July
1807
December
1815 		8 years, 150–180 days

Source:[13]

Russian Poland (1816–1915)

[edit]
№ Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portrait Term of office
Start End Duration
11 Karol Fryderyk Woyda
(1771–1846)
6 January
1816
30 November
1830 		14 years, 329 days
(10)
12 		Stanisław Węgrzecki
(1765–1845)
30 November
1830
26 June
1831 		209 days
13 Jakub Łaszczyński
(1791–1865)
27 June
1831 		1837
14 Aleksander Graybner
(1786–1847)
[15] 		No image avalible
20 February
1837
9 November
1847 		10 years, 263 days
15 Teodor Andrault de Langeron
(1804–1885)
10 November
1847
February
1862
16 Kazimierz Woyda
(1810–1877)
[16] 		No image avalible
February
1862
15 August
1862
17 Zygmunt Wielopolski
(1833–1902)
16 August
1862
18 September
1863 		1 year, 34 days
18 Kalikst Witkowski
(1818–1877) 		No image avalible
16 September
1863
1 October
1875 		12 years, 16 days
19 Sokrates Starynkiewicz
(1820–1902)
18 November
1875
6 October
1892 		16 years, 324 days
20 Nikolai Bibikov
(1842–1923)
6 October
1892
29 June
1906 		13 years, 267 days
21 Wiktor Litwiński
July
1906
26 April
1909
22 Aleksander Miller
(1862–1923)
4 September
1909
4 August
1915 		5 years, 335 days

Source:[13]

World War I (1915–1917)

[edit]

Warsaw under German Empire occupation, part of Government General of Warsaw and Regency Kingdom of Poland

№ Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portrait Term of office
Start End Duration
23 Zdzisław Lubomirski
(1865–1943)
5 August
1915
6 October
1917 		2 years, 63 days

Source:[13]

  • od 1915 z nadania Millera
  • od 1916 z wyborów i mianowania przez gubernatora generalnego warszawy (Niemiecka okupacja)

Piotr Drzewiecki

  • od 1917 z wyborów przeprowadzonych za zgodą władz generalnego gubernatorstwa warszawy

Second Polish Republic (1917–1939)

[edit]
№ Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portrait Political party Term of office
Start End Duration
24 Piotr Drzewiecki
(1865–1943)
[17]
7 October
1917
28 November
1921 		4 years, 53 days
25 Stanisław Nowodworski
(1873–1931)
28 November
1921
7 December
1922 		1 year, 10 days
26 Władysław Jabłoński
(1872–1952)
7 December
1922
22 June
1927 		4 years, 198 days
27 Zygmunt Słomiński
(1879–1943)
7 July
1927
February
1934
28 Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski
(1892–1946)
2 March
1934
28 June
1934 		119 days
29 Stefan Starzyński
(1893–1939)
2 August
1934
27 October
1939 		5 years, 87 days

Source:[13]

World War II (1939–1944)

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Communist era (1944–1990)

[edit]
№ Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portrait Political party Term of office
Start End Duration
31 Marian Spychalski
(1906–1980) 		Polish Workers' Party
18 September
1944
1/? March
1945 		164 days
32 Stanisław Tołwiński
(1895–1969) 		Polish United Workers' Party
5/6 March
1945
23 May
1950 		5 years, 78 days
From 23 May 1950 as Chairman of the Presidium of the National Council of the Capital City of Warsaw.
33 Jerzy Albrecht
(1914–1992) 		Polish United Workers' Party
23 May
1950
14 May
1956 		5 years, 357 days
34 Janusz Zarzycki
(1914–1995)
14 May
1956
17 December
1956 		217 days
35 Zygmunt Dworakowski
(1905–1971)
17 December
1956
5 May
1960 		3 years, 140 days
(34)
36 		Janusz Zarzycki
(1914–1995)
5 May
1960
27 October/29 December
1967 		7 years, 175 days
37 Jerzy Majewski
(1925–2019)
27 October/29 December
1967
9 December
1973 		14 years, 114 days
From 9 December 1973 City President office reintroduced.
37 Jerzy Majewski
(1925–2019) 		Polish United Workers' Party
9 December/13 December
1973
18 February
1982
38 Mieczysław Dębicki
(1926–2001) 		No image avalible
18 February
1982
5 December
1986 		4 years, 290 days
39 Jerzy Bolesławski
(born 1940) 		No image avalible
5 December
1986
30 January
1990 		3 years, 57 days

Source:[13][18]

Republic of Poland (since 1990)

[edit]
№ Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portrait Political party Term of office Elected
Start End Duration
40 Stanisław Wyganowski
(1919–2017) 		No image avalible NSZZ "Solidarność"
30 January
1990
5 October
1994 		4 years, 249 days
41 Mieczysław Bareja
(1939–2003) 		No image avalible Alliance of Democrats
5 October
1994
3 November
1994 		30 days
42 Marcin Święcicki
(ur. 1947) 		Freedom Union
3 November
1994
30 March
1999 		4 years, 148 days
43 Paweł Piskorski
(born 1968) 		Freedom Union
30 March
1999
14 January
2002 		2 years, 291 days
Civic Platform
(from 2001)
44 Wojciech Kozak
(born 1963) 		No image avalible Civic Platform
14 January
2002
18 November
2002 		309 days
Direct popular vote introduced.[19]
45 Lech Kaczyński
(1949–2010) 		Law and Justice
18 November
2002
22 December
2005[d] 		3 years, 35 days 2002
Vacant between 22 December 2005 and 9 Februarry 2006.
– Mirosław Kochalski
(born 1965)
Acting 		No image avalible Independent
9 February
2006
20 July
2006 		162 days
– Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz
(born 1959)
Acting 		Law and Justice
20 July
2006
2 December
2006 		136 days
46 Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz
(born 1952)
[20] 		Civic Platform
2 December
2006
22 November
2018 		11 years, 356 days 2006
2010
2014
47 Rafał Trzaskowski
(born 1972)
[21] 		Civic Platform
22 November
2018[22] 		Incumbent 6 years, 106 days 2018
2024

Sources

[edit]
  • Paziewska, Elżbieta (2009). Warszawa i jej prezydenci. Warsaw: Vipart. ISBN 9788387124753.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ignored ISBN errors (link)
  • https://warszawa.wyborcza.pl/warszawa/7,54420,25768624,30-lat-samorzadu-w-polsce-poczet-8-prezydentow-warszawy-od.html
  • Szukała, Michał (4 August 2020). "105 lat temu do Warszawy wkroczyły wojska Cesarstwa Niemieckiego". Dzieje.pl (in Polish). PAP, Museum of Polish History. Retrieved 16 February 2025.
  • https://press.uni.lodz.pl/index.php/wul/catalog/download/246/986/427?inline=1

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Lit. Church of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary
  2. ^ a b c d e f As Civic Platform
  3. ^ Żoliborz Demokratyczny, Projekt Żoliborz, Moje Miasto Żoliborz, Informator Żoliborza
  4. ^ Lech Kaczyński submitted his resignation from mayor office during city council session on 22 december 2005 the day before his appointment as the president of the republic of Poland. according to the article of the constitution of poland, president can not hold any other public office or peform any public duties depite those related to serving as president. In case of discontinuity of mayor office Polish prime minister shall appoint acting officer. Acting Mayor of Warsaw was appionted on 9 february 2006 by the Jarosław Kaczyński, then serving as Prime minister. Till then Mirosław Kochalski allready exercised powers as he was given athority by lech, tho he

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Powierzchnia i ludność w przekroju terytorialnym w 2019 roku. Tabl. 21 Powierzchnia, ludność oraz lokaty według gmi". stat.gov.pl. Główny Urząd Statystyczny. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
  2. ^ "Wybory samorządowe 2018". wybory2018.pkw.gov.pl (in Polish). National Electoral Comission. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  3. ^ "Radni dzielnicy - Żoliborz". zoliborz.um.warszawa.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  4. ^ "Kluby Radnych Rady Dzielnicy Żoliborz". bip.warszawa.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  5. ^ "Kluby Radnych Rady Dzielnicy Żoliborz". bip.warszawa.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  6. ^ "Kluby Radnych Rady Dzielnicy Żoliborz". bip.warszawa.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  7. ^ "Radni dzielnicy - Żoliborz". zoliborz.um.warszawa.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  8. ^ "Geografia wyborcza - Wybory samorządowe - Państwowa Komisja Wyborcza". wybory2006.pkw.gov.pl (in Polish). National Electoral Comission. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
  9. ^ "Wybory Samorządowe 2010 - Geografia wyborcza - Rzeczpospolita Polska - województwo mazowieckie - miasto Warszawa - Okręg/Komitet". wybory2010.pkw.gov.pl (in Polish). National Electoral Comission. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
  10. ^ "PKW | Samorząd 2014". samorzad2014.pkw.gov.pl (in Polish). National Electoral Comission. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
  11. ^ "Wybory samorządowe 2018". wybory2018.pkw.gov.pl (in Polish). National Electoral Comission. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
  12. ^ "Dzielnica Żoliborz - Zarząd Dróg Miejskich w Warszawie". zdm.waw.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g Kaczorowski, Bartłomiej; et al. (1994). Encyklopedia Warszawy (in Polish). Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. p. 670. ISBN 8301088362.
  14. ^ https://polona.pl/preview/34deaa60-6c5d-4534-a45b-99272b7af4cd
  15. ^ Wiraszka, Marta (2019). "Wykorzystanie publikacji francuskich przy realizacji nagrobków na cmentarzach Warszawy w latach 1840-1860. Wzornik Josepha Marty'ego". Saeculum Christianum (in Polish). 25: 295. doi:10.21697/sc.2018.25.23. Retrieved 14 February 2025.
  16. ^ https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/an/article/view/14435
  17. ^ Szukała, Michał (8 December 2023). "80 lat temu zmarł Piotr Drzewiecki, pierwszy prezydent stolicy w niepodległej Polsce". Dzieje.pl (in Polish). PAP, Museum of Polish History. Retrieved 9 February 2025.
  18. ^ Encyklopedia Warszawy (in Polish). Warsaw: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe. 1975. p. 533.
  19. ^ Giedrewicz-Niewińska, Aneta (5 January 2007). "Bezpośredni wybór wójta, burmistrza i prezydenta miasta | Serwis Samorządowy PAP". samorzad.pap.pl (in Polish). Polish Press Agency. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  20. ^ "Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz dziękuje warszawiakom za 12 lat prezydentury. "Pozdhawiam" | Metro Warszawa". metrowarszawa.gazeta.pl (in Polish). Agora. 22 November 2018. Retrieved 4 June 2023.
  21. ^ Cite error: The named reference mayor_of_warsaw was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  22. ^ "Rafał Trzaskowski zaprzysiężony na prezydenta Warszawy - RMF 24". rmf24.pl (in Polish). RMF FM. 22 November 2018. Retrieved 4 June 2023.

Supreme Court of Poland

[edit]
№ Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portrait Term of office Appointed by
Start End Duration
14 Małgorzata Gersdorf
(born 1952) 		30 April 2014 30 April 2020 6 years, 1 day Bronisław Komorowski
– Kamil Zaradkiewicz [pl]
(born 1972)
Acting 		No image 1 May 2020 14 May 2020 14 days Andrzej Duda
Acting assignment
– Aleksander Stępkowski [pl]
(born 1974)
Acting 		15 May 2020 25 May 2020 11 days Andrzej Duda
Acting assignment
15 Małgorzata Manowska
(born 1964) 		No image 25 May 2020 Incumbent 4 years, 287 days Andrzej Duda

Source:[1]

  1. ^ Księżak, Paweł (9 June 2020). "Wybory Pierwszego Prezesa Sądu Najwyższego w latach 1998-2020". Głos Prawa (in Polish). 3 (1 #5) 7. Retrieved 24 February 2025.
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