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National Council of Nurses

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disambiguations

  • Provisional Committee of the National Council of Nurses of Great Britain and Ireland created 1904
  • National Council of Nurses Great Britain and Ireland
  • National Council of Nurses Great Britain and Northern Ireland (NCN)
  • renamed National Council of Nurses of the United Kingdom

The National Council of Nurses Great Britain and Ireland (NCN) was created in 1908 as a national representative body at the International Council of Nurses (ICN). It fulfilled this role until it amalgamated with the Royal College of Nursing in 1963

History

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On 1 July 1899, Ethel Gordon Fenwick proposed that an International Council of Nurses (ICN), a federation of national nursing associations, should be created. She made her proposal at the annual conference of the Matron’s Council of Britain and Ireland [1][2] To represent the United Kingdom internationally, there needed to be a national council . As founder of the Royal British Nurses' Association in 1887[3] Fenwick lobbied nursing organisations, such as the hospital nurses leagues and the Association of Hospital Matrons to form a national council from as early as 1899[4].

By 1904 Fenwick and Isla Stewart had managed to create a 'Provisional Committee of the National Council of Nurses of Great Britain and Ireland' (NCN). This enabled the National Council of Nurses to affiliate to the ICN at its second international congress in Berlin[5]. Although the concept was sound, Fenwick was a divisive figure and it was some years before enough nursing associations were persuaded to ally themselves with the National Council of Nurses to remove the 'Provisional' title[6].

A meeting of the Provisional Committee on 31 January 1908, held in London, voted to agree the creation and of the constitution of the National Council of Nurses of Great Britain[7]. The three objectives were

  1. To promote mutual understanding and unity between Associations of Trained Nurses in the United Kingdom.
  2. Through affiliation with the International Council of Nurses to acquire knowledge of nursing conditions in every country, to encourage a spirit of sympathy with the nurses of other nations, and to afford facilities for National hospitality.
  3. To promote the usefulness and honour, the financial, and other interests of the Nursing Profession.[7]

In 1916 nurse leaders, many disaffected by Fenwick, formed the alternate Royal College of Nursing. In 1923 the College diectly lobbied the International Council of Nurses to accept it as a member - without it being affiliated to the UK's National Council of Nurses[5]. This was not possible, so the College became affiliated with the National Council of Nurses, but tensions between the Royal British Nurses' Association and the Royal College of Nursing continued to play out[5]. The situation was not helped by the significant decline in Association membership against a significant rise in College membership. By 1925 the Association had about a fifth of the membership of the College of Nursing[8]. The Association continued to dominate decision making in the National Council of Nurses throughout this period - in particular by restricting College to eight delegates which could easily be outvoted[5].

After the World War II the National Council of Nurses sought to revise its constitution and increase its fees, but caused controversy by not consulting its membership adequately[9]. Concerns were raised that individual nurses were represented by more than one association - duplicating effort and costs[9]. It was also argued that many of the associations represented at the National Council of Nurses were hospital nurses' leagues, which was argued were social rather than professional associations[5]. The Royal College of Nursing continued to claim that it was underrepresented whilst the National Council of Nurses counter-claimed that they included associations of nurses that were not eligible for membership of the College of Nursing, including those on the fever, mental health, learning disability and men's nursing registers[5].

Revisions to the Constitution included a proposal from the Royal College of Nursing Belfast branch to rename the organisation to the National Council of Nurses Great Britain and Northern Ireland[9] which was successfully agreed in 1946 [10].

Fenwick had financially subsidised the National Council of Nurses from its inception, and with her death in 1947 its financial difficulties increased[5].

In 1949 one of the Royal College of Nursing sub-committees voted to withdraw from membership of the National Council of Nurses and although the College's main Council agreed to postpone action and instead pursue reconciliation little progress was made. The dominance of the College in negotiations about the newly formed National Health Service (where hospital nurses on the General Register of Nursing dominated) was at odds with its position in the National Council of Nursing. At the 1957 International Council of Nurses congress in Rome the British group split their votes on nursing issues. At this point, Florence Udell and Mabel Lawson both active in international health agencies became actively involved in resolving the longstanding conflict. They led a joint meeting in 1958 which agreed the principal of a unified professional body under a Royal charter[5].

Their efforts coincided with several significant developments. Firstly the Nurses Act 1949 discontinued a separate register for male nurses, placing them on the General Register of Nursing whilst the Nurses Act 1957 discontinued the specialist registers for mental health and learning disability nurses. Secondly, at the Royal College of Nursing the appointment of Catherine Hall in 1957[11] led the way in discussions within the College for these groups to be included in College membership which resulted in extension of membership in 1960[5]. The resulting changes in the wider nursing landscape, together with a strengthened Royal College of Nursing meant unification became more desirable.

The National Council of Nurses of the United Kingdom and the Royal College of Nursing amalgamated in 1963 to create the National Council of Nurses and Royal College of Nursing of the United Kingdom, under a new supplementary Royal Charter. National Council of Nurses patron H.M. Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother and the Royal College of Nursing patron H.M. Queen Elizabeth both became patrons of the new organisation. The National Council of Nurses & the Royal College became a representative national nursing organisation at the International Council of Nurses meetings, with voting powers on behalf of the UK nursing profession.[12]

In reality the National Council of Nurses merged into the Royal College of Nursing - during the 1960s the press usually referred to the merged body as the Royal College of Nursing or RCN, with the title officially changed to the Royal College of Nursing of the United Kingdom in 1973[5]. Miss M.J. Marriott, was interim President of the new body 1958–1960, handing over to Mabel Lawson, after the annual general meeting at the end of June 1963-1964[13], whilst Florence Udell succeeded as President 1964-1966[5].

References

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  1. ^ Seymour, L. R. (1949). A General History of Nursing (2nd ed.). London: Faber and Faber Ltd. pp. 272–273.
  2. ^ "Twelve Decades of the International Council of Nurses". icntimeline.org. Retrieved 2024-12-09.
  3. ^ "The Origins of The Royal British Nurses' Association". Royal British Nurses Association. Retrieved 6 June 2017.
  4. ^ "The Matrons' Council Conference". The Nursing Record. 23 (588). 8 July 1899.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k McGann, Susan (2009). A History of the Royal College of Nursing. Manchester University Press.
  6. ^ Dock, Lavinia L. (2 July 1904). "The International Council of Nurses". The Nursing Record. 33 (848).
  7. ^ a b Cutler, Beatrice (8 Feb 1908). "The National Council of Nurses". The Nursing Record. 40 (1036).
  8. ^ Abel-Smith, Brian (1960). A History of the Nursing Profession. London: Heinemann. p. 101.
  9. ^ a b c "The Extraordinary Meeting". Nursing Times. 42 (8). 23 Feb 1946.
  10. ^ "The National Council of Nurses of Great Britain". Nursing Record. 94 (2133). Apr 1946.
  11. ^ McGann, Susan; Crowther, Anne; Dougall, Rona (1 January 2009). A history of the Royal College of Nursing 1916–1990 : a voice for nurses. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-71907-796-8. OCLC 317748939.
  12. ^ "National Council of Nurses". RCN Archive.
  13. ^ "Celebrating the Amalgamation". Nursing Times. 59. 7 June 1963.
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