2012 United States House of Representatives elections in New Hampshire

The 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in New Hampshire were held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012, to elect the two U.S. representatives from the state of New Hampshire. The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including a quadrennial presidential election.

Overview

United States House of Representatives elections in New Hampshire, 2012^[1]^[2]
Party		Votes	Percentage	Seats	+/–
	Democratic	340,925	49.96%	2	+2
	Republican	311,636	45.66%	0	-2
	Libertarian	29,457	4.32%	0	—
	Scattering	398	0.06%	0	—
Totals		682,416	100.00%	2	—

District 1

The redrawn 1st district currently represents all municipalities in Belknap (except for the town of Center Harbor); the entirety of Carroll, and Strafford counties; all of Rockingham County; the municipalities of Bedford, Goffstown, Manchester, and Merrimack in Hillsborough County; the town of Campton in Grafton County; and the town of Hooksett in Merrimack County.^[3]

Republican Frank Guinta, who had represented the 1st district since January 2011, ran for re-election.^[4]

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Frank Guinta, incumbent U.S. Representative

Eliminated in primary

Vern Clough, retired barber
Rick Parent, candidate for this seat in 2010^[5]

Primary results

Republican primary results^[6]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Guinta (incumbent)	46,979	84.4
	Republican	Rick Parent	6,923	12.4
	Republican	Vern Clough	1,639	3.0
	Republican	Write-ins	130	0.2
Total votes			55,671	100.0

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Carol Shea-Porter, former U.S. Representative^[7]

Withdrawn

Joanne Dowdell, businesswoman and Democratic National Committeewoman^[8]^[9]
Matthew Hancock, software developer^[10]^[11]
Andrew Hosmer, businessman^[12]^[13]

Primary results

Democratic primary results^[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Carol Shea-Porter	38,623	99.1
	Democratic	Write-ins	358	0.9
Total votes			38,981	100.0

Libertarian primary

Brendan Kelly, the chairman of the Seabrook Board of Selectmen, ran as a Libertarian.^[15]

General election

Endorsements

Frank Guinta (R)

Organizations

GOProud^[16]
National Republican Congressional Committee "Patriot" Program^[17]

Carol Shea-Porter (D)

Organizations

Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee "Red to Blue" Program^[18]
EMILY's List^[19]
Progressive Change Campaign Committee^[20]

Debates

2012 New Hampshire's 1st congressional district debates
No.	Date	Host	Moderator	Link	Republican	Democratic
Key: P Participant A Absent N Not invited I Invited W Withdrawn
					Frank Guinta	Carol Shea-Porter
1	Sep. 17, 2012	New Hampshire PBS	Laura Knoy	^[21]	P	P
2	Oct. 9, 2012	AARP WBIN-TV	Charlie Sherman	^[22]	P	P

Polling

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size	Margin of error	Frank Guinta (R)	Carol Shea-Porter (D)	Other	Undecided
WMUR/University of New Hampshire^[23]	November 1–4, 2012	366	± 5.1%	46%	49%	5%	—
New England College^[24]	October 29–31, 2012	511	± 4.3%	48%	41%	2%	9%
University of New Hampshire^[25]	October 17–21, 2012	364	± 5.1%	41%	38%	4%	17%
WMUR/University of New Hampshire^[26]	September 30 - October 6, 2012	200	± 6.9%	45%	35%	3%	17%
WMUR/University of New Hampshire^[27]	September 27–30, 2012	273	± 5.9%	35%	46%	–	18%
Public Policy Polling^[28]	September 24–25, 2012	401	± 4.9%	47%	48%	–	4%
WMUR/University of New Hampshire^[29]	August 1–12, 2012	258	± 6.1%	43%	45%	–	12%
Public Policy Polling^[30]	May 10–13, 2012	502	± 4.4%	43%	47%	–	10%
WMUR/University of New Hampshire^[31]	April 9–20, 2012	230	± 6.5%	39%	44%	1%	16%
Pulse Opinion Research LLC^[32]	January 2012	500	± 4.5%	41%	41%	7%	10%
Public Policy Polling^[33]	June 30-July 5, 2011	299	± 5.7%	48%	41%	–	10%

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report^[34]	Tossup	November 5, 2012
Rothenberg^[35]	Tossup	November 2, 2012
Roll Call^[36]	Tossup	November 4, 2012
Sabato's Crystal Ball^[37]	Lean R	November 5, 2012
NY Times^[38]	Lean R	November 4, 2012
RCP^[39]	Tossup	November 4, 2012
The Hill^[40]	Tossup	November 4, 2012

Results

New Hampshire's 1st congressional district, 2012^[41]^[42]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Carol Shea-Porter	171,650	49.7
	Republican	Frank Guinta (incumbent)	158,659	46.0
	Libertarian	Brendan Kelly	14,521	4.2
	n/a	Write-ins	192	0.1
Total votes			345,022	100.0
	Democratic gain from Republican

District 2

The redrawn 2nd district will represent all of Cheshire, Coos, Grafton (except for the town of Campton), Merrimack (except for the town of Hooksett), and Sullivan counties; most of Hillsborough County; the towns of Atkinson, Deerfield, Northwood, Salem, and Windham in Rockingham County; and the town of Center Harbor in Belknap County.^[3]

Republican Charles Bass, who had represented the 2nd district from 1995 to 2007, and since 2011 ran for re-election. Bass won by just 1% in 2010.

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Charles Bass, incumbent U.S. Representative

Eliminated in primary

Gerald Beloin
Will Dean
Miroslaw Dziedzic
Dennis Lamare, insurance agent and candidate for Senate in 2010^[5]^[43]

Primary results

Republican primary results^[6]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Charles Bass (incumbent)	39,605	81.2
	Republican	Dennis Lamare	4,263	8.8
	Republican	Will Dean	2,129	4.4
	Republican	Miroslaw Dziedzic	1,310	2.7
	Republican	Gerard Beloin	1,127	2.3
	Republican	Write-ins	316	0.6
Total votes			48,750	100.0

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Ann McLane Kuster, attorney and nominee for this seat in 2010^[44]

Primary results

Democratic primary results^[45]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Anne McLane Kuster	40,627	99.2
	Democratic	Write-ins	337	0.8
Total votes			40,964	100.0

Libertarian primary

Hardy Macia, owner of an iPhone/Android app development company, ran as a Libertarian.^[46]

General election

Endorsements

Charlie Bass (R)

Organizations

GOProud^[16]
National Republican Congressional Committee "Patriot" Program^[17]

Anne McLane Kuster (D)

Organizations

Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee "Red to Blue" Program^[18]
EMILY's List^[19]
Progressive Change Campaign Committee^[20]

Debates

2012 New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district debates
No.	Date	Host	Moderator	Link	Republican	Democratic
Key: P Participant A Absent N Not invited I Invited W Withdrawn
					Charles Bass	Ann McLane Kuster
1	Sep. 19, 2012	New Hampshire PBS	Laura Knoy	^[47]	P	P
2	Oct. 10, 2012	AARP WBIN-TV	Charlie Sherman	^[48]	P	P

Polling

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size	Margin of error	Charlie Bass (R)	Ann Kuster (D)	Other	Undecided
WMUR/University of New Hampshire^[23]	November 1–4, 2012	423	± 4.8%	43%	53%	4%	—
New England College^[24]	October 29–31, 2012	511	± 4.33%	41%	47%	1%	11%
University of New Hampshire^[25]	October 17–21, 2012	408	± 4.9%	36%	39%	3%	22%
WMUR/University of New Hampshire^[26]	September 30 – October 6, 2012	211	± 6.7%	35%	38%	3%	25%
WMUR/University of New Hampshire^[27]	September 27–30, 2012	325	± 5.4%	34%	36%	2%	28%
Public Policy Polling^[28]	September 24–25, 2012	461	± 4.6%	45%	51%	–	4%
WMUR/University of New Hampshire^[29]	August 1–12, 2012	284	± 5.8%	42%	37%	–	21%
Public Policy Polling^[30]	May 10–13, 2012	642	± 3.9%	42%	42%	–	15%
WMUR/University of New Hampshire^[31]	April 9–20, 2012	251	± 6.2%	39%	40%	1%	20%
Pulse Opinion Research LLC^[32]	January 2012	500	± 4.5%	39%	35%	14%	13%
Public Policy Polling^[33]	June 30 – July 5, 2011	363	± 5.1%	43%	42%	–	15%

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report	Lean D (flip)	November 5, 2012
Rothenberg^[35]	Tossup	November 2, 2012
Roll Call^[36]	Tossup	November 4, 2012
Sabato's Crystal Ball^[37]	Lean D (flip)	November 5, 2012
NY Times^[38]	Tossup	November 4, 2012
RCP^[39]	Lean D (flip)	November 4, 2012
The Hill^[40]	Lean D (flip)	November 4, 2012

Results

New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district, 2012^[42]^[49]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Ann McLane Kuster	169,275	50.2
	Republican	Charles Bass (incumbent)	152,977	45.3
	Libertarian	Hardy Macia	14,936	4.4
	n/a	Write-ins	206	0.1
Total votes			337,394	100.0
	Democratic gain from Republican

References

^ "Representative in Congress 2012". Elections Division, Secretary of State for New Hampshire. November 6, 2012. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
^ "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 6, 2012" (PDF). February 28, 2013. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
^ ^a ^b "SB 202-As Amended by the Senate". New Hampshire General Court. March 28, 2012. Retrieved April 28, 2012.
^ Cook, Robert (February 21, 2012). "Guinta to Make Several Stops in City This Week". Portsmouth, NH Patch. Retrieved April 28, 2012.
^ ^a ^b "In NH, a big election year by the numbers, too". Nashua Telegraph. June 20, 2012. Retrieved August 10, 2012.
^ ^a ^b "2012 Representative In Congress - Republican Primary". New Hampshire Secretary of State. Retrieved September 24, 2012.
^ Khan, Huma (April 18, 2011). "2010 Democratic Losers Plot 2012 Comeback -- Can Dems Regain the House?". ABC News. Retrieved June 12, 2011.
^ Langley, Karen (April 29, 2011). "Shea-Porter issued primary challenge". Concord Monitor. Retrieved June 12, 2011.
^ Dandurant, Karen (April 14, 2012). "Dowdell withdraws her bid for congressional seat". The Portsmouth Herald. Retrieved April 17, 2012.
^ Fortier, Marc (June 17, 2012). "GOP Candidates Hop on Romney's Bus". Windham, NH Patch. Archived from the original on January 31, 2013. Retrieved August 10, 2012.
^ Cook, Robert (March 29, 2012). "Hancock: Fixing Economy is Job One". Portsmouth Patch. Retrieved April 17, 2012.
^ Miller, Joshua (August 8, 2011). "Third Democrat Enters Race to Unseat Guinta in New Hampshire". Roll Call. Retrieved August 8, 2011.
^ Haddadin, Jim (March 21, 2012). "U. S. Congressional candidate Hosmer now vying for state Senate seat". Foster's Daily Democrat. Retrieved April 17, 2012.
^ "New Hampshire Secretary of State". Archived from the original on March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 2, 2019.
^ Chiaramida, Angeljean (March 5, 2012). "Seabrook selectman to run for Congress". The Daily News of Newburyport. Retrieved April 28, 2012.
^ ^a ^b "GOProud Announces U.S. House Endorsements - GOProud, Inc". October 25, 2012. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012.
^ ^a ^b "Candidates". electgoppatriots.org/. NRCC. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved March 5, 2023.
^ ^a ^b "RED TO BLUE 2012". DCCC. Archived from the original on October 26, 2012. Retrieved March 5, 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Help Our Candidates Win!". emilyslist.org. Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Candidates". boldprogressives.org. Archived from the original on April 24, 2013. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
^ C-SPAN
^ C-SPAN
^ ^a ^b WMUR/University of New Hampshire
^ ^a ^b New England College
^ ^a ^b University of New Hampshire
^ ^a ^b WMUR/University of New Hampshire
^ ^a ^b WMUR/University of New Hampshire
^ ^a ^b Public Policy Polling
^ ^a ^b WMUR/University of New Hampshire
^ ^a ^b Public Policy Polling
^ ^a ^b WMUR/University of New Hampshire
^ ^a ^b Pulse Opinion Research LLC
^ ^a ^b Public Policy Polling
^ "The Cook Political Report — Charts – 2012 House Competitive Races". Cookpolitical.com. November 5, 2012. Retrieved November 6, 2012.
^ ^a ^b "House Ratings". Rothenbergpoliticalreport.com. November 2, 2012. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
^ ^a ^b Race ratings chart. 2012 House Elections, as of November 4, 2012^[update]
^ ^a ^b Crystal Ball, as of November 5, 2012^[update]
^ ^a ^b House Race Ratings, The New York Times, as of November 4, 2012^[update]
^ ^a ^b 2012 elections, as of November 4, 2012^[update]
^ ^a ^b "House Ratings". The Hill. November 3, 2012. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
^ "State of New Hampshire General Election Congressional District 1 2012". New Hampshire Secretary of State Elections Division. November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
^ ^a ^b Scatterings votes are listed as they were reported to the Clerk of the United States House of Representatives
^ Pindell, James (April 4, 2012). "GOP-er files for Congress, But Not His Own District". WMUR Political Scoop. Archived from the original on May 11, 2012. Retrieved April 28, 2012.
^ Catanese, David; Isenstadt, Alex (March 31, 2011). "Dems eye GOP rematches for 2012". Politico. Retrieved June 12, 2011.
^ Democratic primary results nh.gov Archived March 6, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
^ Schinella, Tony (September 17, 2012). "VIDEO: Who is Hardy Macia?". Concord, NH Patch. Retrieved September 23, 2012.
^ C-SPAN
^ C-SPAN
^ "State of New Hampshire General Election Congressional District 1 2012". New Hampshire Secretary of State Elections Division. November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 7, 2013.

External links

Election Division at the New Hampshire Secretary of State
United States House of Representatives elections in New Hampshire, 2012 at Ballotpedia
New Hampshire U.S. House from OurCampaigns.com
Campaign contributions for U.S. Congressional races in New Hampshire from OpenSecrets
Outside spending at the Sunlight Foundation

[1] "Representative in Congress 2012". Elections Division, Secretary of State for New Hampshire. November 6, 2012. Retrieved April 7, 2013.

[2] "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 6, 2012" (PDF). February 28, 2013. Retrieved April 7, 2013.

[SB_0202-3] "SB 202-As Amended by the Senate". New Hampshire General Court. March 28, 2012. Retrieved April 28, 2012.

[4] Cook, Robert (February 21, 2012). "Guinta to Make Several Stops in City This Week". Portsmouth, NH Patch. Retrieved April 28, 2012.

[nt-5] "In NH, a big election year by the numbers, too". Nashua Telegraph. June 20, 2012. Retrieved August 10, 2012.

[NHSOS_prim-6] "2012 Representative In Congress - Republican Primary". New Hampshire Secretary of State. Retrieved September 24, 2012.

[7] Khan, Huma (April 18, 2011). "2010 Democratic Losers Plot 2012 Comeback -- Can Dems Regain the House?". ABC News. Retrieved June 12, 2011.

[8] Langley, Karen (April 29, 2011). "Shea-Porter issued primary challenge". Concord Monitor. Retrieved June 12, 2011.

[9] Dandurant, Karen (April 14, 2012). "Dowdell withdraws her bid for congressional seat". The Portsmouth Herald. Retrieved April 17, 2012.

[10] Fortier, Marc (June 17, 2012). "GOP Candidates Hop on Romney's Bus". Windham, NH Patch. Archived from the original on January 31, 2013. Retrieved August 10, 2012.

[11] Cook, Robert (March 29, 2012). "Hancock: Fixing Economy is Job One". Portsmouth Patch. Retrieved April 17, 2012.

[12] Miller, Joshua (August 8, 2011). "Third Democrat Enters Race to Unseat Guinta in New Hampshire". Roll Call. Retrieved August 8, 2011.

[13] Haddadin, Jim (March 21, 2012). "U. S. Congressional candidate Hosmer now vying for state Senate seat". Foster's Daily Democrat. Retrieved April 17, 2012.

[14] "New Hampshire Secretary of State". Archived from the original on March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 2, 2019.

[15] Chiaramida, Angeljean (March 5, 2012). "Seabrook selectman to run for Congress". The Daily News of Newburyport. Retrieved April 28, 2012.

[GOProud-16] "GOProud Announces U.S. House Endorsements - GOProud, Inc". October 25, 2012. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012.

[Patriot-17] "Candidates". electgoppatriots.org/. NRCC. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved March 5, 2023.

[DCCC-18] "RED TO BLUE 2012". DCCC. Archived from the original on October 26, 2012. Retrieved March 5, 2023.

[EMILY-19] "Help Our Candidates Win!". emilyslist.org. Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Retrieved January 31, 2023.

[PCCC-20] "Candidates". boldprogressives.org. Archived from the original on April 24, 2013. Retrieved March 4, 2023.

[21] C-SPAN

[22] C-SPAN

[WMUR/University_of_New_Hampshire-23] WMUR/University of New Hampshire

[New_England_College-24] New England College

[University_of_New_Hampshire-25] University of New Hampshire

[web.archive.org-26] WMUR/University of New Hampshire

[ReferenceB-27] WMUR/University of New Hampshire

[Public_Policy_Polling-28] Public Policy Polling

[ReferenceC-29] WMUR/University of New Hampshire

[publicpolicypolling.com-30] Public Policy Polling

[ReferenceD-31] WMUR/University of New Hampshire

[Pulse_Opinion_Research_LLC-32] Pulse Opinion Research LLC

[ReferenceE-33] Public Policy Polling

[34] "The Cook Political Report — Charts – 2012 House Competitive Races". Cookpolitical.com. November 5, 2012. Retrieved November 6, 2012.

[House_Ratings-35] "House Ratings". Rothenbergpoliticalreport.com. November 2, 2012. Retrieved November 4, 2012.

[rollcall.com-36] Race ratings chart. 2012 House Elections, as of November 4, 2012^[update]

[Crystal_Ball-37] Crystal Ball, as of November 5, 2012^[update]

[House_Race_Ratings-38] House Race Ratings, The New York Times, as of November 4, 2012^[update]

[realclearpolitics.com-39] 2012 elections, as of November 4, 2012^[update]

[thehill.com-40] "House Ratings". The Hill. November 3, 2012. Retrieved November 4, 2012.

[41] "State of New Hampshire General Election Congressional District 1 2012". New Hampshire Secretary of State Elections Division. November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 7, 2013.

[ReferenceA-42] Scatterings votes are listed as they were reported to the Clerk of the United States House of Representatives

[43] Pindell, James (April 4, 2012). "GOP-er files for Congress, But Not His Own District". WMUR Political Scoop. Archived from the original on May 11, 2012. Retrieved April 28, 2012.

[44] Catanese, David; Isenstadt, Alex (March 31, 2011). "Dems eye GOP rematches for 2012". Politico. Retrieved June 12, 2011.

[DemPrim2-45] Democratic primary results nh.gov Archived March 6, 2019, at the Wayback Machine

[46] Schinella, Tony (September 17, 2012). "VIDEO: Who is Hardy Macia?". Concord, NH Patch. Retrieved September 23, 2012.

[47] C-SPAN

[48] C-SPAN

[49] "State of New Hampshire General Election Congressional District 1 2012". New Hampshire Secretary of State Elections Division. November 6, 2013. Retrieved April 7, 2013.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

[49]

v t e (2011 ←) 2012 United States elections (→ 2013)
U.S. President	Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Guam (straw poll)
U.S. Senate	Arizona California Connecticut Delaware Florida Hawaii Indiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Jersey New Mexico New York North Dakota Ohio Pennsylvania Rhode Island Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
U.S. House (Election ratings)	Alabama Alaska American Samoa Arizona 8th sp Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Guam Hawaii Idaho Illinois 2nd sp Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky 4th sp Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan 11th 11th sp Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey 10th sp New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Northern Mariana Islands Ohio Oklahoma Oregon 1st sp Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia U.S. Virgin Islands Washington 1st sp West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
Governors	American Samoa Delaware Lt. Gov Indiana Missouri Lt. Gov Montana New Hampshire North Carolina Lt. Gov North Dakota Puerto Rico Utah Vermont Washington West Virginia Wisconsin (recall)
Attorneys general	Missouri North Carolina Pennsylvania
Other statewide elections	Wisconsin Lieutenant Governor (recall)
State legislatures	Arizona Senate California Assembly Senate Connecticut Senate Delaware House Senate Florida House Hawaii House Senate Illinois House Senate Iowa Senate Michigan House Minnesota House Senate Montana House New Mexico House Senate New York Senate North Carolina House Senate Oregon Legislative Assembly Pennsylvania House Senate Texas House Senate Washington House Senate Wisconsin Assembly Senate recalls
Mayoral	Alexandria, VA Anchorage, AK Augusta, GA Austin, TX Bakersfield, CA Baton Rouge, LA Cheyenne, WY Corpus Christi, TX Fort Lauderdale, FL Fresno, CA Glendale, AZ Honolulu, HI Huntsville, AL Irvine, CA Juneau, AK Lubbock, TX Mesa, AZ Miami-Dade County, FL Milwaukee, WI Orlando, FL Portland, OR Richmond, VA Riverside, CA Sacramento, CA San Diego, CA San Juan, PR Santa Ana, CA Stockton, CA Virginia Beach, VA Wilmington, DE
States and territories	Alabama Alaska American Samoa Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Guam Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas U.S. Virgin Islands Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming