Template:Hamza
ʼ
Usage
This template outputs the common character for the transliteration of hamza or glottal stop in Semitic languages, as well as orthographic glottal stop in many Latin-based alphabets, ʼ (U+02BC, MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE), in place of the MOS-deprecated curly apostrophe. It is also used for ejective consonants in the International Phonetic Alphabet. It does not accept any parameters.
For the reversed glottal stop letter in Hawaiian and Tongan orthography, use {{okina}}. For the straight glottal-stop letter used in some Mexican languages, use {{saltillo}}. For ʾ (ʾ) in technical transliteration, use {{rhr}} (right half ring). For the soft sign in Cyrillic, use either this or {{softsign}}, depending on the transliteration standard.
For a modifier letter double apostrophe (ˮ), enter manually ˮ.
Letters resembling apostrophes
The table below provides an overview of various apostrophes used in transliteration and romanization of languages into Latin script. While not exhaustive, it highlights common conventions particularly relating to Arabic on Wikipedia.
For Arabic transliteration, Wikipedia follows a modified version of the ALA-LC romanization method, ensuring readability and compliance with the Manual of Style.
- Strict transliteration (used mainly for etymology) includes accents, underscores, and underdots, typically alongside the original Arabic script.
- Other forms of romanization, such as basic transcription (used in most cases), follows the same system but excludes accents, underscores, and underdots, with some exceptions.
For more details, refer to:
- MOS:ARABIC – Wikipedia’s guideline on Arabic romanization.
- MOS:APOSTROPHE – Guidelines on apostrophe use in transliteration.
- Historical discussions: See Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Arabic § The apostrophe (again) and Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Archive 171 § Confusion on differing Arabic apostrophe like symbols
| Template[a] | Output[b] | Usage | Unicode | Comment | IPA | HTML Hexadecimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Straight apostrophe: Press ' key |
'
|
Wikipedia basic transcription of both Arabic hamzah ﺀ (glottal stop) and ʿayn ع[c] based on ALA-LC romanization |
U+0027 ' APOSTROPHE | Omitted when hamza or ayn appears at the beginning of words.[d] | /ʔ/ /ʕ/
|
|
{{left half ring}} {{lhr}}
|
ʿ
|
Wikipedia strict transliteration of Arabic ʿayn ع[c] based on ALA-LC romanization |
U+02BF ʿ MODIFIER LETTER LEFT HALF RING | For example, ayn is preferred to 'ayn, or amr in Arabic: ع م ر. Both {{left half ring}} and {{ayin}} allowed for strict transcription, per MOS:ARABIC. | /ʕ/
|
|
{{ayin}}
|
ʽ
|
|
U+02BD ʽ MODIFIER LETTER REVERSED COMMA | Both {{left half ring}} and {{ayin}} allowed for strict transcription, per MOS:ARABIC. | ʽ
| |
{{hamza}}
|
ʼ
|
|
U+02BC ʼ MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE | /ʔ/
|
ʼ
| |
{{right half ring}}{{rhr}}
|
ʾ
|
Wikipedia strict transliteration of Arabic hamzah ﺀ based on ALA-LC romanization |
U+02BE ʾ MODIFIER LETTER RIGHT HALF RING | |||
{{okina}}{{ayn}}[e]
|
ʻ
|
|
U+02BB ʻ MODIFIER LETTER TURNED COMMA | ʻʻ
| ||
{{saltillo}}
|
ꞌ
|
|
U+A78C ꞌ LATIN SMALL LETTER SALTILLO U+A78B Ꞌ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER SALTILLO |
Notes
- ^ Redirect/shorcut is in small preceded by
redirect symbol.
- ^ Enlarged 250% for ease of viewing.
- ^ a b c Per MOS:ARABIC, Arabic ʿayn ع transliteration on Wikipedia using ALA-LC romanization is represented by the straight apostrophe ' in Basic transcription (previously known as Standard transcription), and by the letter half ring ʿ or reversed comma ʻ in Strict transliteration.
- ^ For example, ayn is preferred to 'ayn, or amr in Arabic: ع م ر (lit. 'command') and not 'amr.
- ^ ʿayn is not the same as ʻOkina, however the same Unicode character ( U+02BB ʻ MODIFIER LETTER TURNED COMMA), which {{okina}} outputs, is used in UTC L2/00-220 transliteration and some romanizations, such as ALA-LC romanization, of the Semitic letter ayin, also known as ayn.
See also
- {{Ayn}}