Tāpora
Tāpora | |
|---|---|
 Bird's Beach, Tapora, New Zealand at low tide | |
 | |
| Coordinates: 36°21′03″S 174°18′9″E / 36.35083°S 174.30250°E | |
| Country | New Zealand |
| Region | Auckland Region |
| Ward | Rodney ward |
| Community board | Rodney Local Board |
| Subdivision | Wellsford subdivision |
| Electorates | |
| Government | |
| • Territorial Authority | Auckland Council |
| • Mayor of Auckland | Wayne Brown |
| • Kaipara ki Mahurangi MP | Chris Penk |
| • Te Tai Tokerau MP | Mariameno Kapa-Kingi |
Tāpora is a locality on the Okahukura Peninsula, which is on the eastern side of the Kaipara Harbour in New Zealand. It is part of the Rodney District. Wellsford lies to the East, as does Port Albert and the Wharehine River,[1][2] while Manukapua Island lies to the West.
Early history
[edit]Early history of Māori tells how the western shores of Okahukura once extended to the entrance of the Kaipara Harbour as sand dunes with two channels into the harbour instead of one, as it is now. This portion of land that was more or less sand dunes was known as Tāpora, and was inhabited by Māori. Great storms gradually caused the sand dunes to drift away, allowing the sea to encroach, leaving only sand bars in the harbour where there was once a whare or meeting house on the original sand dunes.
The name Tāpora was given by the crew of the Māhuhu-ki-te-rangi migratory waka, who named the area after a place in their Polynesian homeland.[3] The name Okahukura refers to Kahukura, one of the rangatira who arrived to Aotearoa New Zealand aboard the Tākitimu migratory waka.[4]
For ten generations the land of Okahukura remained in the possession of Ngāti Whātua. For more than ten years after the Government had purchased the neighbouring land known as Albertland, the peninsula was occupied by the Ngāti Whātua tribe.
About the year 1876 T. E. FitzGerald purchased the land from Ngāti Whātua which included the Okahukura point and 24,000 acres (97 km2) of land. FitzGerald built his first homestead around 1880 on a ridge overlooking Ōruawharo River. Here he built a jetty for small boats for access when there was sufficient high tide, but there was a main landing point in deeper water for any tide. Due to the large number of kauri trees, FitzGerald leased the rights of this land to gum-diggers. Due to old age FitzGerald had to retire and terminate his twenty years of occupancy at Okahukura.
Following FitzGerald's retirement A. H. Walker leased this land for two and a half years and dramatically changed the landscape by re-fencing and sowing grass. T.C. Williams now leased the land with W. Williams taking over management. For the next ten years Williams and his workers spent many days cutting and burning down bush to allow for sowing grasslands, while opening gumfields and a store at one of FitzGerald's old homes. In the year 1910 Williams was in the process of transferring the management of the block to C. Kemp, when he accidentally fatally shot himself. Kemp took over management of Okahukura, continuing with the development of boundary fences. Nearer the end of 1910 Okahukura was sold to Messrs Bowron and Smith of Christchurch. Kemp was still manager of the Okahukura property and split the property up, selling sections to others and developed roads for access into the new sections as well as communications through a telephone line. The land changed ownership numerous times between World War One and World War Two.
Recent history
[edit]
During World War Two the United States Marines set up camp on 'the run' (Sea View) and used the greater area for target practice. The New Zealand Government then took over Okahukura to use as a soldier rehabilitation settlement in April 1945. The name Okahukura was then changed to Tāpora to avoid confusion with another Okahukura elsewhere in New Zealand.
The Minister of 'Land and Returned Services' Association brokered a pact to develop the Okahukura peninsula for returned servicemen through ballots. A community to be called Tapora was planned with a shop, school, church and workers' houses (only the school and a few houses were constructed).[5] The ballots for the Returned Services' Association were created in 1947 and Tāpora turned into a dairy farming settlement.
In 2006 Pierre and Jackie Chatelanat gifted Atiu Creek Regional Park to the Auckland Regional Council.[6]
In 2013 a substantial fire which began near Okahukura Road burned through 85ha of land at Tāpora, much of it wild pines, Gorse, Pampas Grass and coastal scrub/conservation land.[7][8][9]
Many of the dairy farms in Tāpora were converted to orchards, with tens of thousands of avocado trees planted from the mid 2010s.[10][11][12]
Demographics
[edit]Tāpora is in an SA1 statistical area which also includes Birds Beach and covers 42.71 km2 (16.49 sq mi).[13] The SA1 area is part of the larger Okahukura Peninsula statistical area.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 2006 | 117 | — |
| 2013 | 114 | −0.37% |
| 2018 | 123 | +1.53% |
| 2023 | 99 | −4.25% |
| Source: [14][15] | ||
The SA1 statistical area had a population of 99 in the 2023 New Zealand census, a decrease of 24 people (−19.5%) since the 2018 census, and a decrease of 15 people (−13.2%) since the 2013 census. There were 57 males and 42 females in 39 dwellings.[16] 3.0% of people identified as LGBTIQ+. The median age was 43.7 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 18 people (18.2%) aged under 15 years, 15 (15.2%) aged 15 to 29, 54 (54.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 18 (18.2%) aged 65 or older.[15]
People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 87.9% European (Pākehā), 30.3% Māori, 3.0% Pasifika, and 6.1% Asian. English was spoken by 100.0%, Māori language by 6.1%, and other languages by 6.1%. No language could be spoken by 3.0% (e.g. too young to talk). The percentage of people born overseas was 12.1, compared with 28.8% nationally.
Religious affiliations were 18.2% Christian, and 3.0% Buddhist. People who answered that they had no religion were 69.7%, and 9.1% of people did not answer the census question.
Of those at least 15 years old, 12 (14.8%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 48 (59.3%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 21 (25.9%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $33,700, compared with $41,500 nationally. 9 people (11.1%) earned over $100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 51 (63.0%) people were employed full-time and 9 (11.1%) were part-time.[15]
Okahukura Peninsula
[edit]Okahukura Peninsula statistical area, which also includes Port Albert and Te Hana, covers 211.06 km2 (81.49 sq mi)[13] and had an estimated population of 1,610 as of June 2024,[17] with a population density of 7.6 people per km2.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 2006 | 1,380 | — |
| 2013 | 1,326 | −0.57% |
| 2018 | 1,446 | +1.75% |
| 2023 | 1,563 | +1.57% |
| The 2006 population is for a larger area of 211.18 km2. Source: [18][19] | ||
Okahukura Peninsula had a population of 1,563 in the 2023 New Zealand census, an increase of 117 people (8.1%) since the 2018 census, and an increase of 237 people (17.9%) since the 2013 census. There were 804 males, 753 females and 6 people of other genders in 555 dwellings.[20] 2.5% of people identified as LGBTIQ+. The median age was 42.9 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 324 people (20.7%) aged under 15 years, 225 (14.4%) aged 15 to 29, 741 (47.4%) aged 30 to 64, and 276 (17.7%) aged 65 or older.[19]
People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 87.5% European (Pākehā); 23.6% Māori; 4.0% Pasifika; 2.7% Asian; 0.2% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 2.3% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English was spoken by 97.9%, Māori language by 4.2%, and other languages by 5.8%. No language could be spoken by 1.5% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 0.2%. The percentage of people born overseas was 15.2, compared with 28.8% nationally.
Religious affiliations were 29.6% Christian, 0.2% Hindu, 0.2% Islam, 1.2% Māori religious beliefs, 0.4% Buddhist, 0.2% New Age, and 1.2% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 57.4%, and 10.2% of people did not answer the census question.
Of those at least 15 years old, 144 (11.6%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 741 (59.8%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 321 (25.9%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $37,600, compared with $41,500 nationally. 102 people (8.2%) earned over $100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 639 (51.6%) people were employed full-time, 198 (16.0%) were part-time, and 30 (2.4%) were unemployed.[19]
Notable Sites
[edit]- Atiu Creek Regional Park
- Bird's Beach
- Tapora Golf Club
- Tapora Hall
- Tapora Reserve (playground, seating and Tennis Courts)
- Tapora School
Education
[edit]Tapora School is a coeducational full primary (years 1-8) school[21] with a roll of 17[22] as of August 2024.[22] The school was founded in 1956.[23]
Notes
[edit]- ^ Peter Dowling, ed. (2004). Reed New Zealand Atlas. Reed Books. pp. map 10. ISBN 0-7900-0952-8.
- ^ Roger Smith, GeographX (2005). The Geographic Atlas of New Zealand. Robbie Burton. pp. map 30. ISBN 1-877333-20-4.
- ^ Sheffield, C. M. (2011). Men Came Voyaging (4th ed.). Auckland: Longley Printing Company Ltd. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-473-18059-1.
- ^ Cameron, Ewen; Hayward, Bruce; Murdoch, Graeme (2008). A Field Guide to Auckland: Exploring the Region's Natural and Historical Heritage. Random House New Zealand. p. 100. ISBN 978-1-86962-1513.
- ^ Rural News, 19 February 2004.
- ^ Council, Auckland. "Ātiu Creek Regional Park". Auckland Council. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
- ^ "Fire tears through grassland north of Auckland". Otago Daily Times Online News. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
- ^ Auckland Council (21 February 2013). "Tapora Fire". www.scoop.co.nz. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
- ^ "Northland scrub fire contained". RNZ. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
- ^ Chalmers, Heather (27 April 2019). "Horticulture and forestry replace dairy as primary sector darlings". Stuff. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
- ^ "NZ's biggest orchard approved". NZ Herald. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
- ^ Matters, Local (17 April 2016). "Avocado orchardists set sights on Tapora". Local Matters. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
- ^ a b "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
- ^ "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. 7001173.
- ^ a b c "Totals by topic for individuals, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses". Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer. 7001173. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
- ^ "Totals by topic for dwellings, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses". Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
- ^ "Aotearoa Data Explorer". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
- ^ "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Okahukura Peninsula (110200). 2018 Census place summary: Okahukura Peninsula
- ^ a b c "Totals by topic for individuals, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses". Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer. Okahukura Peninsula (110201). Retrieved 3 October 2024.
- ^ "Totals by topic for dwellings, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses". Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
- ^ Education Counts: Tapora School
- ^ a b "New Zealand Schools Directory". New Zealand Ministry of Education. Retrieved 17 September 2024.
- ^ "Tapora Primary School". Kiwi Biz. Retrieved 12 May 2022.