Talk:Non-tariff barriers to trade/Archives/2018

Recommended Improvements for this Article

-Expand the leader -List of countries with trade barriers due to tariffs. -Expand the section regarding "Addressing Non Tariff Barriers." -Organize bibliography (I like that these are already organized in list format) but they need corresponding page references -"Examples of Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade" and "Types of Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade" should be in prose format permanently, looks good that way -@MCoidakis

Types of Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade

I deleted this list since it seemed to me to be just a repeat of the material which is now in text. But I've copied it here as a checklist in case anything remains to be done.

1. Specific Limitations on Trade:
   1. Import Licensing requirements
   2. Proportion restrictions of foreign domestic goods (local content requirements)
   3. Minimum import price limits
   4. Fees
   5. Embargoes
2. Customs and Administrative Entry Procedures:
   1. Valuation systems
   2. Anti-dumping practices other than punitive tariffs
   3. Tariff classifications
   4. Documentation requirements
   5. Fees
3. Standards:
   1. Standard disparities
   2. Sanitary and phytosanitary measures
   3. Intergovernmental acceptances of testing methods and standards
   4. Packaging, labeling, and marking
4. Government Participation in Trade:
   1. Government procurement policies
   2. Export subsidies
   3. Countervailing duties
   4. Domestic assistance programs
5. Charges on imports:
   1. Prior import deposit subsidies
   2. Administrative fees
   3. Special supplementary duties
   4. Import credit discrimination
   5. Variable levies
   6. Border taxes
6. Others:
   1. Voluntary export restraints
   2. Orderly marketing agreements

Examples of Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade

Another list moved out of the article space, that seems to repeat material in text. Copied here as a useful checklist in case more text needs writing. Non-tariff barriers to trade can be the following:

• Export restrictions
• General or product-specific quotas
• Rules of Origin
• Quality conditions imposed by the importing country on the exporting countries
• Sanitary and phytosanitary conditions
• Packaging conditions
• Labeling conditions
• Product standards
• CIncompatible conventions for contracts
• Determination of eligibility of an exporting country by the importing country
• Determination of eligibility of an exporting establishment (firm, company) by the importing country.
• Additional trade documents like Certificate of Origin, Certificate of Authenticity etc.
• Occupational safety and health regulation
• Employment law
• Import licenses
• State subsidies, procurement, trading, state ownership
• Export subsidies
• Minimum import pricing
• Differences of Product classification
• Quota shares
• Foreign exchange market controls and multiplicity
• Inadequate infrastructure
• "Buy national" policy
• Over-valued or under-valued currency.
• Intellectual property laws (patents, copyrights); differences of view on applicability of patents (for example, DNA, software) or longevity of copyrights.
• Restrictive licenses
• Seasonal import regimes
• Corrupt and/or lengthy customs procedures
• Protected designation of origin, protected names (for example, Champagne)