Talk:Mahmud al-Kashgari/Archive 1

Archive 1

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Who is the artist who completed the painting used in this article? Neither the article, nor the picture itself, supposedly of Mahmud al-Kashgari attribute by whom the painting was made. Please add the name of the artist to the caption of the picture, or as a note on the picture file page.Keyuehan (talk) 18:11, 26 November 2010 (UTC)

I've reverted User:Nedim Ardoğa. First of all, because he added noting new to the article, but just the Turkish name of the Arabic original. Secondly, the Turkish language is irrelevant in this article. Mahmoud al-Kashgari was Uyghur and he spoke an Eastern Turkic language, much different from the Western Oghuz languages (the difference being similar to that between German and English). Tajik (talk) 16:14, 15 October 2009 (UTC)

File:Kasgarlimahmut.jpg Nominated for Deletion

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http://www.jstor.org/stable/599159?seq=2#page_scan_tab_contents

Kāšġarī on the Beliefs and Superstitions of the Turks Robert Dankoff Journal of the American Oriental Society Vol. 95, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1975), pp. 68-80 Published by: American Oriental Society DOI: 10.2307/599159 Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/599159 Page Count: 13

75

https://books.google.com/books?id=3kEUAQAAIAAJ&q=kunduz+day+light+turkic&dq=kunduz+day+light+turkic&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIvuj59um-yAIVyms-Ch3Z_gjo

http://www.academia.edu/1552566/Kipchak_Turkic_as_a_part_of_the_Balkans_and_Eastern_Europe_history-geography http://www.academia.edu/1514276/Oghuz_Turkish_Tribe

https://books.google.com/books?id=5DxbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA91&dq=baldiz+younger+sister&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEcQ6AEwCGoVChMIyuXOruq-yAIVCVU-Ch3trwUO#v=onepage&q=baldiz%20younger%20sister&f=false

compendium of the turkic languages robert dankoff and james kelly

translation

https://books.google.com/books?id=QAQfnQEACAAJ&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAGoVChMIr8j1wu2-yAIVBhw-Ch0H4wOI

poem is on page 270 of the translation

https://books.google.com/books?id=N7_4Gr9Q438C&pg=PA287&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAWoVChMIr8j1wu2-yAIVBhw-Ch0H4wOI#v=onepage&q=compendium%20of%20the%20turkic%20languages%20robert%20dankoff%20and%20james%20kelly&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=N7_4Gr9Q438C&pg=PA287&lpg=PA287&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&source=bl&ots=H__zFQbo6x&sig=xy7d826Ff6_NLF1vNqWRTyHdP90&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAmoVChMIqq_vve2-yAIVgRg-Ch3LFQxd#v=onepage&q=compendium%20of%20the%20turkic%20languages%20robert%20dankoff%20and%20james%20kelly&f=false

https://books.google.com/books?id=ZfWXIfbynwYC&pg=PA295&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAmoVChMIr8j1wu2-yAIVBhw-Ch0H4wOI#v=onepage&q=compendium%20of%20the%20turkic%20languages%20robert%20dankoff%20and%20james%20kelly&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=ZfWXIfbynwYC&pg=PA295&lpg=PA295&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&source=bl&ots=nTz3VQ2WcM&sig=gwNr9GCfVVCfA9TMn5ARWMGKDOg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCYQ6AEwA2oVChMIqq_vve2-yAIVgRg-Ch3LFQxd#v=onepage&q=compendium%20of%20the%20turkic%20languages%20robert%20dankoff%20and%20james%20kelly&f=false

translation

https://books.google.com/books?id=0wiinAEACAAJ&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CC4Q6AEwA2oVChMIr8j1wu2-yAIVBhw-Ch0H4wOI

https://books.google.com/books/about/Compendium_of_the_Turkic_Dialects.html?id=TrQsnQEACAAJ

https://books.google.com/books/about/Compendium_of_the_Turkic_Dialects.html?id=CHpfrgEACAAJ

http://www-lib.tufs.ac.jp/opac/en/recordID/catalog.bib/BA06949969?caller=xc-search http://www.worldcat.org/title/compendium-of-the-turkic-dialects-diwan-lughat-al-turk-turk-siveleri-lugati-divanu-lugat-it-turk/oclc/220483154 http://www.worldcat.org/title/compendium-of-the-turkic-dialects-diwan-luat-at-turk/oclc/62499519

http://sci.tech-archive.net/Archive/sci.lang/2009-09/msg00956.html http://sci.tech-archive.net/Archive/sci.lang/2009-10/msg01860.html

http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10065850

https://books.google.com/books?id=pnoQWZc88j4C&pg=PA218&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDUQ6AEwBGoVChMIr8j1wu2-yAIVBhw-Ch0H4wOI#v=onepage&q=compendium%20of%20the%20turkic%20languages%20robert%20dankoff%20and%20james%20kelly&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=pnoQWZc88j4C&pg=PA218&lpg=PA218&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&source=bl&ots=tcUMpl4eqJ&sig=fcZeyMc5mTHA4G-Kw0faS_4R_WA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCgQ6AEwBGoVChMIqq_vve2-yAIVgRg-Ch3LFQxd#v=onepage&q=compendium%20of%20the%20turkic%20languages%20robert%20dankoff%20and%20james%20kelly&f=false

https://books.google.com/books?id=kxaQAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA133&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDoQ6AEwBWoVChMIr8j1wu2-yAIVBhw-Ch0H4wOI#v=onepage&q=compendium%20of%20the%20turkic%20languages%20robert%20dankoff%20and%20james%20kelly&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=kxaQAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA133&lpg=PA133&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&source=bl&ots=ub9mu5fqGJ&sig=ws4RDF3eIXMZmxCAwbgOKNPtSyM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDAQ6AEwBmoVChMIqq_vve2-yAIVgRg-Ch3LFQxd#v=onepage&q=compendium%20of%20the%20turkic%20languages%20robert%20dankoff%20and%20james%20kelly&f=false

https://books.google.com/books?id=dk12I01qTPUC&pg=PA479&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CD4Q6AEwBmoVChMIr8j1wu2-yAIVBhw-Ch0H4wOI#v=onepage&q=compendium%20of%20the%20turkic%20languages%20robert%20dankoff%20and%20james%20kelly&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=dk12I01qTPUC&pg=PA479&lpg=PA479&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&source=bl&ots=WEbANAgeuE&sig=xUVIRxuk88Ft1p2fp2JxnR7Jdco&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDIQ6AEwB2oVChMIqq_vve2-yAIVgRg-Ch3LFQxd#v=onepage&q=compendium%20of%20the%20turkic%20languages%20robert%20dankoff%20and%20james%20kelly&f=false

198

https://books.google.com/books?id=5bpkAAAAMAAJ&q=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEMQ6AEwB2oVChMIr8j1wu2-yAIVBhw-Ch0H4wOI

776

https://books.google.com/books?id=D6ZmAAAAMAAJ&q=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEkQ6AEwCGoVChMIr8j1wu2-yAIVBhw-Ch0H4wOI

136

https://books.google.com/books?id=YasHAQAAMAAJ&q=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CE4Q6AEwCWoVChMIr8j1wu2-yAIVBhw-Ch0H4wOI

https://books.google.com/books?id=bdZbe3zOz_MC&pg=PT292&lpg=PT292&dq=compendium+of+the+turkic+languages+robert+dankoff+and+james+kelly&source=bl&ots=jX1N5LOFpv&sig=ZYeFOxzykbMKTnJLoAtDYtcmRPc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDgQ6AEwCWoVChMIqq_vve2-yAIVgRg-Ch3LFQxd#v=onepage&q=compendium%20of%20the%20turkic%20languages%20robert%20dankoff%20and%20james%20kelly&f=false

https://books.google.com/books?id=_v6IWkCLnEwC

http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ilak-khanids

http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/gaziturkiyat/article/viewFile/5000108940/5000101413

http://www.sosyalarastirmalar.com/cilt7/sayi29pdf/aslan_ferhatx.pdf

http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jird/journal/v16/n3/full/jird201227a.html

http://turkoloji.cu.edu.tr/ESKI%20TURK%20DILI/mehmet_olmez_asara-.pdf

http://www.turkishstudies.net/sayilar/sayi7/28%20TERES%20Ersin.pdf

http://tebsite.bilkent.edu.tr/kitaplar/Dankoff.pdf

http://home.uchicago.edu/~straughn/Proposal_Handout.pdf

http://henko.home.amu.edu.pl/dok/KIRLEV%C3%9CT.pdf

http://henko.home.amu.edu.pl/dok/TUN-TUNGUC-TUNGUT.pdf

http://www.geschkult.fu-berlin.de/e/turkologie/institut/mitarbeiter/professor/Textdateien/kasgari.pdf

Al-Kāšгarī, Maḥmūd. Compendium of the Turkic dialects (Dīwān lugāt at-Turk), Part I (1/3)

Al-Kāšгarī, Maḥmūd. Compendium of the Turkic dialects (Dīwān lugāt at-Turk), Part I (1/3)

Harvard University printing office, 1982. — 416 p.

Diwan Al Adab by Farabi was model for Kashgari's Diwan al Lughat at Turk

https://books.google.com/books?id=6PVS2WpIi-MC&pg=PA50&dq=adab+diwan+model&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAWoVChMIrdSbtIK_yAIVShc-Ch2oHgUq#v=onepage&q=adab%20diwan%20model&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=6PVS2WpIi-MC&pg=PA50&dq=farabi+model+diwan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CC0Q6AEwA2oVChMI0fea8YO_yAIVhlw-Ch2oZA1f#v=onepage&q=farabi%20model%20diwan&f=false

151 152

https://books.google.com/books?id=nIYRAQAAMAAJ&q=farabi+model+diwan&dq=farabi+model+diwan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAmoVChMI0fea8YO_yAIVhlw-Ch2oZA1f

https://books.google.com/books?id=nIYRAQAAMAAJ&dq=farabi+model+diwan&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Farabi+

151

https://books.google.com/books?id=nIYRAQAAMAAJ&q=As+nearly+as+can+be+ascertained,+this+system+is+modelled+upon+the+%C2%BBDiwan+al-Adab%C2%AB+of+al-Farabi+%28d.+350/961%29.+As+this+has+been+...+the+rhyme+arrangement+s.+However,+no+example+of+the+%C2%BBDiwan+of+the+Turkic+Languages%C2%AB+being+used+as+a+model+...&dq=As+nearly+as+can+be+ascertained,+this+system+is+modelled+upon+the+%C2%BBDiwan+al-Adab%C2%AB+of+al-Farabi+%28d.+350/961%29.+As+this+has+been+...+the+rhyme+arrangement+s.+However,+no+example+of+the+%C2%BBDiwan+of+the+Turkic+Languages%C2%AB+being+used+as+a+model+...&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAGoVChMIh4iHjIS_yAIVhnE-Ch1V9g0h

ديوان الأدب للفارابي

https://archive.org/details/DewanAladab https://archive.org/details/diwanadab

http://www.m-a-arabia.com/vb/showthread.php?p=2319

الجزء الأول http://elibrary.mediu.edu.my/books/AXL00719.pdf الجزء الثاني https://archive.org/download/diwanadab/Diwan2.pdf

http://majles.alukah.net/t29861/

http://www.ahlalhdeeth.com/vb/showthread.php?t=166600 http://www.ahlalhdeeth.com/vb/showthread.php?t=123562

http://www.mohamedrabeea.com/books/book1_18012.pdf

http://shamela.ws/index.php/book/9263

http://ebooks.roro44.net/ar/Download-4854-%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%A8-%D8%AA%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81-%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88-%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A.html

http://www.almaktabah.net/vb/showthread.php?t=18614

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A

166

Arab lexicographers models for the Diwan

168

Kashgari commenting on the Chinese (Masin and Sin), Tibetans, and Khotanese ability to know Turkic, says Chinese know Turkic but Tibetans and Khotanese don't.

http://journals.manas.edu.kg/mjtc/oldarchives/2004/17_781-2049-1-PB.pdf

https://books.google.com/books?id=SAX5ohFkcVgC&pg=PA72&lpg=PA72&dq=yabaqu&source=bl&ots=OSQE0PPTnZ&sig=TcBo8Exc2Au3iXnu_tIKbuAyc9Q&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEgQ6AEwCGoVChMI-_vRksGZyQIVReomCh3rKgT3#v=onepage&q=yabaqu&f=false

https://books.google.com/books?id=_v6IWkCLnEwC&pg=PA147&lpg=PA147&dq=yabaqu&source=bl&ots=THRCPfc0le&sig=jR2xthQfH8fspUws_fO30OGvb8E&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEMQ6AEwB2oVChMI-_vRksGZyQIVReomCh3rKgT3#v=onepage&q=yabaqu&f=false

baldiz

73

https://books.google.com/books?id=KaYZAQAAIAAJ&q=baldiz+younger+sister&dq=baldiz+younger+sister&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDIQ6AEwBGoVChMIyuXOruq-yAIVCVU-Ch3trwUO

40

https://books.google.com/books?id=oUlpAAAAMAAJ&q=baldiz+younger+sister&dq=baldiz+younger+sister&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDcQ6AEwBWoVChMIyuXOruq-yAIVCVU-Ch3trwUO

https://books.google.com/books?id=N7_4Gr9Q438C&pg=PA95&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=We%20came%20down%20on%20them%20like%20a%20flood!%20We%20went%20out%20among%20their%20cities!%20We%20tore%20down%20the%20idol-temples%2C%20We%20shat%20on%20the%20Buddha%27s%20head!&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=N7_4Gr9Q438C&pg=PA95&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=compendium&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=N7_4Gr9Q438C&pg=PA95&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=compendium%20270&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=N7_4Gr9Q438C&pg=PA287#v=onepage&q&f=false

https://books.google.com/books?id=KTYMAQAAMAAJ&q=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwBg 497 886 919 https://books.google.com/books?ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&id=KTYMAQAAMAAJ&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples%2C+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=compendium

https://books.google.com/books?id=KaYZAQAAIAAJ&q=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&ved=0CDkQ6AEwBQ 13 133 https://books.google.com/books?ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&id=KaYZAQAAIAAJ&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples%2C+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=compendium

https://books.google.com/books?id=PqqfAAAAMAAJ&q=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&ved=0CDYQ6AEwBA 206 https://books.google.com/books?ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&id=PqqfAAAAMAAJ&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples%2C+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=compendium

https://books.google.com/books?id=nPg4UVV_JTYC&pg=PA228&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=We%20came%20down%20on%20them%20like%20a%20flood!%20We%20went%20out%20among%20their%20cities!%20We%20tore%20down%20the%20idol-temples%2C%20We%20shat%20on%20the%20Buddha%27s%20head!&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=nPg4UVV_JTYC&pg=PA228&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=compendium&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=nPg4UVV_JTYC&pg=PA289#v=onepage&q&f=false

https://books.google.com/books?id=ZfWXIfbynwYC&pg=PA295&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=We%20came%20down%20on%20them%20like%20a%20flood!%20We%20went%20out%20among%20their%20cities!%20We%20tore%20down%20the%20idol-temples%2C%20We%20shat%20on%20the%20Buddha%27s%20head!&f=false

https://books.google.com/books?id=nPg4UVV_JTYC&pg=PA228&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=We%20came%20down%20on%20them%20like%20a%20flood!%20We%20went%20out%20among%20their%20cities!%20We%20tore%20down%20the%20idol-temples%2C%20We%20shat%20on%20the%20Buddha%27s%20head!&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=nPg4UVV_JTYC&pg=PA228&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=88%20compendium&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=nPg4UVV_JTYC&pg=PA228&dq=We+came+down+on+them+like+a+flood!+We+went+out+among+their+cities!+We+tore+down+the+idol-temples,+We+shat+on+the+Buddha%27s+head!&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RM8wVN2zE8miyASouoL4Aw&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=88%20kashgari&f=false

http://books.google.co.th/books?id=icZJJN0wYPcC&pg=PA275&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://www.jstor.org...0.2307/25202808 https://web.archive.org/web/20150326073117/http:/www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/25202808 http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/25202808

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326073117/http:/books.google.com/books?id=7XuMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA75 http://books.google.com/books?id=7XuMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA75#v=onepage&q&f=false

The modern Uyghurs in the Tarim Basin, ancient Old Uyghur Khaganate.

descendants of the Old Uyghur Khaganate are the Yugur people in Gansu, who speak "Yellow Uyghur" (Western Yugur language). The Old Uyghurs Mongoloid, modern Yugurs, Mongoloid.

http://wiki.riteme.site/wiki/Yugur https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/wiki.riteme.site/wiki/Yugur

http://www.jstor.org...0.2307/25202808 https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/25202808

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=F2SRqDzB50wC&pg=PA1145 http://books.google.com/books?id=F2SRqDzB50wC&pg=PA1145#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=icZJJN0wYPcC&pg=PA275 http://books.google.com/books?id=icZJJN0wYPcC&pg=PA275#v=onepage&q&f=false

Modern Uyghurs Karluk Turks Tocharians Tarim Basin. Karluks (Qarluqs) Kara-Khanid Khanate. Karluks Mongoloid Caucasian Tocharians Khotanese (Sakas), Uyghurs half Mongoloid, half Caucasoid.

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=Q3tAqIU0dPsC&pg=PA145 http://books.google.com/books?id=Q3tAqIU0dPsC&pg=PA145#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=_v6IWkCLnEwC&pg=PA158 http://books.google.com/books?id=_v6IWkCLnEwC&pg=PA158#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=oWj9NreO9zYC&pg=PA9 http://books.google.com/books?id=oWj9NreO9zYC&pg=PA9#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://wiki.riteme.site/wiki/Karluks https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/wiki.riteme.site/wiki/Karluks

http://en.wikipedia....-Khanid_Khanate https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/wiki.riteme.site/wiki/Kara-Khanid_Khanate

The Kara Khanid Khanate and the Karluks originated in Central Asia, and expanded east into the Tarim Basin, conquering cities like Khotan. Mahmud Kashgari recorded a poem about the conquest.

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=N7_4Gr9Q438C&pg=PA95 http://books.google.com/books?id=N7_4Gr9Q438C&pg=PA95#v=onepage&q&f=false

"We came down on them like a flood! We went out among their cities! We tore down the idol-temples, We shat on the Buddha's head! "

Genetically, Modern Uyghurs are half Caucasoid, Half Mongoloid.

http://blogs.discove...s/#.UQVVZGt5lP4 https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2008/03/uyghurs-are-hybrids/ http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2008/03/uyghurs-are-hybrids/#.UQVVZGt5lP4

http://blogs.discove...n/#.UQVVaWt5mSM https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2009/09/yes-uyghurs-are-a-new-hybrid-population/ http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2009/09/yes-uyghurs-are-a-new-hybrid-population/#.UQVVaWt5mSM

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=7eyoacDdcIMC&pg=PT242 http://books.google.com/books?id=7eyoacDdcIMC&pg=PT242#v=onepage&q&f=false

Modern Uyghur and Old Uyghur are from entirely different branches of Turkic languages. Modern Uyghur is descended from the Chagatai Branch (Karluk), while Old Uyghur is in the Siberian East Turkic branch, from which the Western Yugur language is descended.

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=7XuMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA75 http://books.google.com/books?id=7XuMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA75#v=onepage&q&f=false

Modern Uyghurs before 1921. 'Turki' or "Sart" name of the Oasis ,Khotan, Khotanlik, Kashgar, Kashgarlik, Muslim.

1921 Soviet Union Tashkent Uyghur Uyghur Khaganate,sedentary oasis dwelling Turkic speaking Muslims of the Tarim Basin. 1935 Sheng Shicai Xinjiang

http://en.wikipedia....ern_nationality https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/wiki.riteme.site/wiki/Uyghur_people

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=F2SRqDzB50wC&pg=PA1143 http://books.google.com/books?id=F2SRqDzB50wC&pg=PA1143#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=8FVsWq31MtMC&pg=PA209 http://books.google.com/books?id=8FVsWq31MtMC&pg=PA209#v=onepage&q&f=false

1960s Soviet Uyghur history.

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=8FVsWq31MtMC&pg=PA208 http://books.google.com/books?id=8FVsWq31MtMC&pg=PA208#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=NKCU3BdeBbEC&pg=PA38 http://books.google.com/books?id=NKCU3BdeBbEC&pg=PA38#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=NKCU3BdeBbEC&pg=PA39 http://books.google.com/books?id=NKCU3BdeBbEC&pg=PA39#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=NKCU3BdeBbEC&pg=PA40 http://books.google.com/books?id=NKCU3BdeBbEC&pg=PA40#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=NKCU3BdeBbEC&pg=PA41 http://books.google.com/books?id=NKCU3BdeBbEC&pg=PA41#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google....epage&q&f=false https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA188 http://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA188#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google....id=dM9BAAAAYAAJ https://web.archive.org/web/20150326065836/http:/books.google.com/books?id=dM9BAAAAYAAJ http://books.google.com/books?id=dM9BAAAAYAAJ

Mahmud al kashgari's poem celebrating turkic karakhanid muslim conquest and attacks against turkic buddhist uighurs

Modern Uyghurs are a hybrid genetic mix between East Asian Mongoloid and European Caucasoid and one study claimed they are 40% East Asian and 60% Europoid and other study claimed they have less European genetics than East Asian. A study of mtdna in Central Asia including among Uyghurs showed shared DNA with both East Asians and Europeans.

The belief that they were native to the Tarim Basin is held by all Uyghurs. Sometime before the 8th century the Uyghur people formed but after he 15th century the name Uyghur used to refer to an ethnicity disappeared and was only revived in the 20th century for Xinjiang's Turkic Muslim inhabitants. In 840 the Kyrgyz defeated the Uyghurs in Mongolia at Karabalghasun and conquered them. The culture, language, and religion of the Uyghur Khaganate of Karakorum (Mongolia) is found today in the Gansu Yugurs, and not the modern Muslim Uyghurs of Xinjiang.

Modern Uyghur is not a descendant of Old Uyghur, but is descended from the Xākānī language described by Mahmud al-Kashgari in Dīwānu l-Luġat al-Turk. Modern Uyghur and Western Yugur belong to entirely different branches of the Turkic language family, respectively the southeastern Turkic languages and the northeastern Turkic languages.

Mahmud kashgari poem

Muslim works such as Ḥudūd al-ʿĀlam contained anti-Buddhist rhetoric and polemic against Buddhist Khotan, aimed at "dehumanizing" the Khotanese Buddhists, and the Muslims Kara-Khanids conquered Khotan just 26 years following the completion of Ḥudūd al-ʿĀlam.

Muslims gouged the eyes of Buddhist murals along Silk Road caves and Kashgari recorded in his Turkic dictionary an anti-Buddhist poem/folk song.

English translation:

We came down on them like a flood,
We went out among their cities,
We tore down the idol-temples,
We shat on the Buddha's head!

Satuq Bughra Khan and his son directed endeavors to proselytize Islam among the Turks and engage in military conquests. Buddhist temples and other non-Muslim buildings were razed by the Karakhanids once they converted to Islam in Kashgar. In 970 the Karakanids at first lost Kashgar to the Khotanese after a Khotanese military victory under Khotanese King Visa Sura who sent a "dancing elephant" to China along with a tool made of steel and a silver case with a cup, from the war booty seized in battle from the Karakhanids in addition to vessels, tools, leather armor, and jade as tribute, along with a letter in a royal edict to give the reason why the tribute was sent behind schedule and not on time to China, since the Khotanese just barely beat the Karakhanids out of Kashgar to its city limits and were holding it with great difficulty. From 970 the Karakhanids continued to fight the Khotanese until sometime before 1006 in the eventual conquest of Khotan by the Yusuf Qadir Khan, the Karakhanid leader. The Islamic conquest of Khotan led to alarm in the east and Dunhuang's Cave 17, which contained Khotanese literary works, was closed shut possibly after its caretakers heard that Khotan's Buddhist buildings were razed by the Muslims, the Buddhist religion had suddenly ceased to exist in Khotan.

In Turkic:

kälginläyü aqtïmïz
kändlär üzä čïqtïmïz
furxan ävin yïqtïmïz
burxan üzä sïčtïmïz

The Buddhist Uighurs were subjected to an attack by the Muslim Turks and this was described in Kashgari's work. Mahmud Kaşgari's works contained poetry stanzas and verses which described fighting between Buddhist Uighurs (Budhist Turks) and Muslim Karakahnids (Muslim Turks). Uighur Buddhist temples were desecrated and Uighur cities were raided and Minglaq province across the river Ili was the target of the conquest against the Buddhist Uighur by the Muslim Karakhanids as described in 5-6 stanzas of Kashgari's work. (549 kemi kemi ičrä oldurüp ila suwin käčtimiz) We rode on the boat, and crossed the Ila (a large river); then we headed towards Uighur, and conquered Minglaq.

https://books.google.com/books?id=KTYMAQAAMAAJ&q=conquer%22+the+%22realm%22+or+%22province%22+%28TK.+el%29+of+Minglaq+%E2%80%94+an+ethnic+or+geographic+name+otherwise+unattested+%E2%80%94+and+then+...+%22We+rode+on+the+boat,+and+crossed+the+Ila+%28a+large+river%29;+then+we+headed+towards+Uighur,+and+conquered+Minglaq.&dq=conquer%22+the+%22realm%22+or+%22province%22+%28TK.+el%29+of+Minglaq+%E2%80%94+an+ethnic+or+geographic+name+otherwise+unattested+%E2%80%94+and+then+...+%22We+rode+on+the+boat,+and+crossed+the+Ila+%28a+large+river%29;+then+we+headed+towards+Uighur,+and+conquered+Minglaq.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIqcXX4oS_yAIVRzI-Ch0RzAzN

https://books.google.com/books?id=KaYZAQAAIAAJ&q=THE+CAMPAIGN+OF+THE+MUSLIM+TURKS+AGAINST+THE+BUDHIST+UIGHURS+Five+%28or+six+%E2%80%94+see+below%29+stanzas+...+%28173+kand%29+We+rode+on+the+boat,+and+crossed+the+Ila+%28a+large+river%29;+then+we+headed+towards+Uighur,+and+conquered+Minglaq.&dq=THE+CAMPAIGN+OF+THE+MUSLIM+TURKS+AGAINST+THE+BUDHIST+UIGHURS+Five+%28or+six+%E2%80%94+see+below%29+stanzas+...+%28173+kand%29+We+rode+on+the+boat,+and+crossed+the+Ila+%28a+large+river%29;+then+we+headed+towards+Uighur,+and+conquered+Minglaq.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIuciN5oS_yAIVRjo-Ch35SARP

https://books.google.com/books?id=KTYMAQAAMAAJ&q=We+rode+on+the+boat,+and+crossed+the+Ila+%28a+large+river%29;+then+we+headed+towards+Uighur,+and+conquered+Minglaq&dq=We+rode+on+the+boat,+and+crossed+the+Ila+%28a+large+river%29;+then+we+headed+towards+Uighur,+and+conquered+Minglaq&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAWoVChMIsayB14S_yAIVCck-Ch1kdAEb

https://books.google.com/books?id=KaYZAQAAIAAJ&q=We+rode+on+the+boat,+and+crossed+the+Ila+%28a+large+river%29;+then+we+headed+towards+Uighur,+and+conquered+Minglaq&dq=We+rode+on+the+boat,+and+crossed+the+Ila+%28a+large+river%29;+then+we+headed+towards+Uighur,+and+conquered+Minglaq&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAGoVChMIsayB14S_yAIVCck-Ch1kdAEb

https://books.google.com/books?ei=ocOvUIyQKe6y0AHos4HICg&id=KaYZAQAAIAAJ&dq=Name+otherwise+unattested+attack+uyghur+cities+profane+buddhist+temples&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=burxan

Kashgari's "Three Turkic Verse Cycles" recorded in order - in the Irtysh Valley, a defeat inflicted on "infidel tribes" at the hands of the Karakhanids, secondly, the Buddhist Uighurs being attacked by the Muslim Turks, and finally, a defeat inflicted upon "a city between Tangut and China.", Qatun Sini, at the hands of the Tangut Khan.

... presumably Karakhanid troops, first cross the Hi River and conquer1 the "realm " or "province" (TK. et) of Minglaq — an ethnic or geographic name otherwise unattested — and then attack the Uighur cities and profane the Buddhist temples.

Title From Mahmud Kașgari̇ to Evliya C̦elebi: studies in Middle Turkic and Ottoman literatures Volume 103 of Analecta Isisiana Author Robert Dankoff Publisher Isis Press, 2008 ISBN 9754283664, 9789754283662 Length 504 pages Subjects Literary Criticism › Middle Eastern

Literary Criticism / Middle Eastern Turkic literature Turkish literature

conquer" the "realm" or "province" (TK. el) of Minglaq — an ethnic or geographic name otherwise unattested — and then attack the Uighur cities and profane the Buddhist temples. (549 kemi) kemi icra oldurup ila suwin kaitimiz uyyur tapa ...

Title Harvard Ukrainian studies, Volumes 3-4 Author Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute Publisher Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, 1980 Original from the University of Michigan Digitized Jul 7, 2010 Subjects Ukraine

Page 35

THE CAMPAIGN OF THE MUSLIM TURKS AGAINST THE BUDHIST UIGHURS Five (or six — see below) stanzas describing a raid on the Uighur. The raiders, presumably Karakhanid troops, first cross the Hi River and conquer1 the "realm" or ...

Title From Mahmud Kașgari̇ to Evliya C̦elebi: studies in Middle Turkic and Ottoman literatures Volume 103 of Analecta Isisiana Author Robert Dankoff Publisher Isis Press, 2008 ISBN 9754283664, 9789754283662 Length 504 pages Subjects Literary Criticism › Middle Eastern

Literary Criticism / Middle Eastern Turkic literature Turkish literature

Page 159

THE CAMPAIGN OF THE MUSLIM TURKS AGAINST THE BUDDHIST UIGHURS Five (or six — see below) stanzas describing a raid on the Uighur. The raiders, presumably Karakhanid troops, first cross the Hi River and 15 See EI\ s.v. ...

Title Harvard Ukrainian studies, Volumes 3-4 Author Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute Publisher Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, 1980 Original from the University of Michigan Digitized Jul 7, 2010 Subjects Ukraine

Page 27

... infidel tribes in the region of the Irtysh Valley. The second recounts a raid of Muslim Turks against Buddhist Uighurs. The third concerns the Khan of the Tangut and his putting to rout the troops of Qatun Sini, "a city between Tangut and China.

Title From Mahmud Kașgari̇ to Evliya C̦elebi: studies in Middle Turkic and Ottoman literatures Volume 103 of Analecta Isisiana Author Robert Dankoff Publisher Isis Press, 2008 ISBN 9754283664, 9789754283662 Length 504 pages Subjects Literary Criticism › Middle Eastern

Literary Criticism / Middle Eastern Turkic literature Turkish literature

Page 151

... infidel tribes in the region of the Irtysh Valley. The second recounts a raid of Muslim Turks against Buddhist Uighurs. The third concerns the khan of the Tangut and his putting to rout the troops of Qatun Sini, "a city between Tangut and China.

Title From Mahmud Kașgari̇ to Evliya C̦elebi: studies in Middle Turkic and Ottoman literatures Volume 103 of Analecta Isisiana Author Robert Dankoff Publisher Isis Press, 2008 ISBN 9754283664, 9789754283662 Length 504 pages Subjects Literary Criticism › Middle Eastern

Literary Criticism / Middle Eastern Turkic literature Turkish literature

Kuoofra (talk) 19:01, 23 November 2012 (UTC)

aqtimiz furxan burxan

Die Geschichte des uigurischen Manichäismus an der ... - Page 207 https://books.google.com/books?id=_uOrQKcnMkAC&pg=PA207&dq=aqtimiz+furxan+burxan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAGoVChMI5feq24e_yAIVihY-Ch2RMQy0

https://books.google.com/books?isbn... - Translate this page https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=https://books.google.com/books%3Fid%3D_uOrQKcnMkAC%26pg%3DPA207%26dq%3Daqtimiz%2Bfurxan%2Bburxan&prev=search Takao Moriyasu - 2004 - ‎Preview - ‎More editions ... die zum Objekt des heiligen Krieges (jihäd) wurden, und erläutert ihn auf Arabisch: 140 kälginläyü aqtüniz kändlär üzä aqtimiz furxan ävin yiqfüniz burxan üzä sict'imiz Describing their raid on the Uighur: "We came down on them like a flood; ...

Harvard Ukrainian studies - Volumes 3-4 - Page 160 https://books.google.com/books?id=KTYMAQAAMAAJ&q=aqtimiz+furxan+burxan&dq=aqtimiz+furxan+burxan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAWoVChMI5feq24e_yAIVihY-Ch2RMQy0

https://books.google.com/books?id=KTYMAQAAMAAJ Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute - 1980 - ‎Snippet view - ‎More editions (173 kand) kalginlayii aqtimiz kandlar tiza iiqtimiz furxan awin yiqtimiz burxan iiza siitimiz "We rode on the boat, and crossed the Ila (a large river); then we headed towards Uighur, and conquered Minglaq." Describing their raid on the Uighur: ...

Hirth Anniversary Volume - Page 10 https://books.google.com/books?id=2f4zAQAAIAAJ&q=aqtimiz+furxan+burxan&dq=aqtimiz+furxan+burxan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAmoVChMI5feq24e_yAIVihY-Ch2RMQy0

https://books.google.com/books?id=2f4zAQAAIAAJ Bruno Schindler - 1923 - ‎Snippet view - ‎More editions https://www.google.com/search?sa=X&biw=1536&bih=742&noj=1&tbm=bks&q=editions:lFnhGtIQngwC&ved=0CDgQmBYwAmoVChMI5feq24e_yAIVihY-Ch2RMQy0 Kälänizläjü aqtimiz + kändlär üzä ciqtimiz furxan àvin jiqtimiz + burxan üzä sictimiz. 1 Er wird von Kâêgarïl,85,i2als der „Gaihün des Türkenlandes" bezeichnet, was, wie mich F. Hommel belehrt, nicht wörtlich zu verstehen ist, wie ich es Kel.

From Mahmud Kaşgari to Evliya Çelebi: - Page 79 https://books.google.com/books?id=KaYZAQAAIAAJ&q=aqtimiz+furxan+burxan&dq=aqtimiz+furxan+burxan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDoQ6AEwA2oVChMI5feq24e_yAIVihY-Ch2RMQy0

https://books.google.com/books?id=KaYZAQAAIAAJ Robert Dankoff - 2008 - ‎Snippet view - ‎More editions The following verse is especially revealing (173,8): kdlnizldyii aqtimiz We came down on them like a flood kandiar oza (iqtimiz We went out upon their cities furxan awin yiqtimiz We tore down the idol temples burxan iizti siCtimiz We shit upon ...

Asia Major - Page 10 https://books.google.com/books?id=RoATAAAAIAAJ&q=aqtimiz+furxan+burxan&dq=aqtimiz+furxan+burxan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CD8Q6AEwBGoVChMI5feq24e_yAIVihY-Ch2RMQy0

https://books.google.com/books?id... - Translate this page https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=https://books.google.com/books%3Fid%3DRoATAAAAIAAJ%26q%3Daqtimiz%2Bfurxan%2Bburxan%26dq%3Daqtimiz%2Bfurxan%2Bburxan&prev=search 1923 - ‎Snippet view - ‎More editions https://www.google.com/search?sa=X&biw=1536&bih=742&noj=1&tbm=bks&q=editions:3TasHTp73CUC&ved=0CEMQmBYwBGoVChMI5feq24e_yAIVihY-Ch2RMQy0 Marquart, Slreifzuge 92, 95; E. H. Parker, A thousand years of the Tartars 285 ff.) fallen muB. I. Kdlanizlajii aqtimiz + kdndlar ilzd ciqlimiz furxan dvin jiqtimiz + burxan uzd sictimiz. VVie ein Wildbach stromten wir daher, gegen die Stadte zogen.

Records of the Grand Historian: Qin dynasty https://books.google.com/books?id=_Exh9-zftXoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=aqtimiz+furxan+burxan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEUQ6AEwBWoVChMI5feq24e_yAIVihY-Ch2RMQy0

https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0231081693 Qian Sima, ‎Burton Watson - 1993 - ‎Preview - ‎More editions Pre-Code Hollywood explores the fascinating period in American motion picture history from 1930 to 1934 when the commandments of the Production Code Administration were violated with impunity in a series of wildly unconventional films--a ...

http://www.hasmendi.net/Genel%20Dosyalar/KASGARLI_MAHMUT_LUGATI.pdf

http://www.biligbitig.org/divanu-lugat-turk

aqtimiz furxan burxan

79

https://books.google.com/books?id=KaYZAQAAIAAJ&q=burxan+revealing+furxan&dq=burxan+revealing+furxan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAGoVChMIn8iZroW_yAIVRPM-Ch194QsK

http://uyghur.xjass.com/lading/content/2012-01/29/content_219981.htm

lughetit türk››te: kelingizleyü aqtimiz, Kendler üze chiqtimiz. furxan ewin yiqtimiz, Burxan üze sëxtimiz (kelkün bolup aqtuq, Kentlerning üstige ...

http://projects.iq.harvard.edu/huri/files/viii-iv_1979-1980_part1.pdf

taljrig UkUl Ogdumiz kamlip atiy tagdimiz aldap yana qaCtimiz. 5. 173 khnd. kalginlayU aqtimiz kandlar uzä Ciqtimiz furxan awin yiqtimiz burxan Uzh siétimiz.

Ankara 1941 edition in Arabic script.

ankara 1941 divan

https://books.google.com/books?id=-HFlGMQa_RUC&pg=PA45&lpg=PA45&dq=ankara+1941+divan&source=bl&ots=CCmlubytVo&sig=a85IVT2eotopJpkDh1ErmSHXlQs&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAWoVChMI36bhw63AyAIViHo-Ch2iZgBD#v=onepage&q=ankara%201941%20divan&f=false

http://www.biblio.com/book/divan-i-lugat-turk-tipkibasim-faksimile/d/545953475

http://www.biblio.com/book/divanu-lugatit-turk-mahmud-kasgarli/d/388131276

http://www.abebooks.com/Divan-i-Lugat-it-T%C3%BCrk-Tipkibasim-Faksimile-Kasgarli/7068839221/bd

References

E. J. Brill's encyclopedia of islam on mahmud kashgari

Mahmud classified Turkic languages into 9 toḳuz (Z-languages) and 9 tăkhăr (R languages) while a further subdivision of foot (ayaḳ) (V languages) and foot (aḏaḳ or adaḳ) (D languages) made up the Z language group.

Rajmaan (talk) 07:59, 3 December 2012 (UTC)

References