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"List of nations" redirects here. For other country lists, see Lists of countries and territories. For other national lists, see Lists of nations. For non-sovereign dependencies, see Dependent territory.

This is a list of sovereign states, giving an overview of states around the world with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty.

The list is divided into three parts. The parts are arranged alphabetically, and contain 205 entries in total, as of 2010:

  1. The Members of the United Nations organization section lists 192 states, members of the United Nations.[1]
  2. The Members of an United Nations specialized agency section lists 4 states which, while not member states of the UN, are member states of at least one of the UN's specialized agencies or of the International Atomic Energy Agency or are a party to the Statute of the International Court of Justice. The list of these organizations (with addition of the UN itself) is referred to as the Vienna formula.
  3. The No membership in the United Nations organization and specialized agencies section lists 9 states which are not member states of any of the Vienna formula organizations listed above.

For an alphabetically arranged list of all 205 entries use the sort button of the first column.

Compiling a list such as this can be a difficult and controversial process, as there is no definition that is binding on all the members of the community of nations concerning the criteria for statehood. For more information on the criteria used to determine the contents and sorting of this list, please see the "criteria for inclusion" section below.


States

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Legend for the below table: [has invoked an "All States" clause] — [hasn't invoked an "All States" clause so far]

Name in English, and the official, national, and other important languages of the state [2] Information on status and recognition of sovereignty [3]
Members of the United Nations organization:
 Afghanistan – Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
  • Dari/Persian: افغانستان – جمهوری اسلامی افغانستان Afgānestān – Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye Afgānestān
  • Pashto: افغانستان – د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت Afghānistān – Afghānistān Islāmī Jumhūrīyat
 UN member.
 Albania – Republic of Albania
  • Albanian: Shqipëria – Republika e Shqipërisë
 UN member.
 Bahamas – Commonwealth of The Bahamas
  • English: The Bahamas – Commonwealth of The Bahamas
 UN member. The Bahamas is a Commonwealth realm.[4]
 Bahrain – Kingdom of Bahrain
  • Arabic: البحرين – مملكة البحرين Al Baḩrayn – Mamlakat al Baḩrayn
 UN member.
 Burma – Union of Myanmar
  • Burmese: မန္မာ – ပည္ေထာင္စုမန္မာနုိင္ငံေတာ္ Myanma – Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw
 UN member.
 Côte d'Ivoire – Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
  • French: Côte d'Ivoire – République de Côte d'Ivoire
 UN member.
 Gabon – Gabonese Republic
  • French: Gabon – République gabonaise
 UN member.
 Gambia, The – Republic of The Gambia
  • English: The Gambia – Republic of The Gambia
 UN member.
 Italy – Italian Republic
  • Italian: Italia – Repubblica Italiana
 UN and EU member.[5] Italy has 5 autonomous regions: Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.[6]
Ivory Coast → Côte d'Ivoire
 Korea, North – Democratic People's Republic of Korea
  • Korean: 조선 – 조선민주주의인민공화국 Chosŏn – Chosŏn-minjujuŭi-inmin-konghwaguk
 UN member.

North Korea is not recognised by two UN members: Japan and South Korea.[7][8]

 Korea, South – Republic of Korea
  • Korean: 한국 – 대한민국 Han’guk – Taehan Min’guk
 Member of the UN.

South Korea has one special autonomous province: Jeju-do.[6] South Korea is not recognised by one UN member: North Korea.[7]

 Mozambique – Republic of Mozambique
  • Portuguese: Moçambique – República de Moçambique
 UN member.
Myanmar → Burma
 Namibia – Republic of Namibia
  • English: Namibia – Republic of Namibia
 UN member.
 New Zealand UN member. New Zealand shares the Realm of New Zealand, one of the Commonwealth realms,[4] with the Cook Islands and Niue. New Zealand has the dependent territories of:

The Tokelauan government has claimed sovereignty over Swains Island, part of American Samoa, a territory of the United States, at various times.[11] New Zealand does not recognize the Tokelauan claim.[12]

North Korea → Korea, North
 Norway – Kingdom of Norway
  • Bokmål: Norge – Kongeriket Norge
  • Nynorsk: Noreg – Kongeriket Noreg
 UN member. Svalbard is an integral part of Norway, but has a special status due to the Spitsbergen Treaty. The overseas uninhabited possessions of Bouvet Island and Jan Mayen are integral parts of Norway. Norway claims Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land as dependent territories of Norway, as part of the Norwegian Antarctic Territory.[9]
 Oman – Sultanate of Oman
  • Arabic: عُمان – سلطنة عُمان ʿUmān – Salţanat ʿUmān
 UN member.
 Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan
  • Urdu: پَاکِسْتَان – جَمْهُورْيَة إِسْلامِی پَاکِسْتَان Pākistān – Jamhūryat Islāmī Pākistān
  • English: Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan
 UN member. Pakistan is a federation [13] composed of provinces and territories. Pakistan claims sovereignty over Kashmir (except the parts it has ceded to the People's Republic of China by treaty), and exercises control over parts of it, which have not been incorporated into Pakistan proper. These portions are divided into two polities, each of which is administered separately and possesses a local government of its own:[14]
 Palau – Republic of Palau
  • Palauan: Belau – Beluu er a Belau
  • English: Palau – Republic of Palau
 UN member under Compact of Free Association with the United States.
 Romania UN and EU member.[5]
 Saint Lucia UN member. Saint Lucia is a Commonwealth realm.[4]
South Korea → Korea, South
 Syria – Syrian Arab Republic
  • Arabic: سورية – الجمهوريّة العربيّة السّوريّة Sūrīyah – Al Jumhūrīyah al ‘Arabīyah as Sūrīyah
 UN member. The Golan Heights are annexed by Israel. Syria disputed the Turkish sovereignty over Hatay Province.[15]
 Tajikistan – Republic of Tajikistan
  • Tajik: Тоҷикистон – Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон Tojikiston – Jumhurii Tojikiston
 UN member. Tajikistan also has the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province.[6]
 United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  • English: United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  • Irish: Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann
  • Scots: Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Northren Ireland
  • Scottish Gaelic: Rìoghachd Aonaichte na Breatainn Mòire agus Èireann a Tuath
  • Welsh: Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon [16]
 Member of the UN and the EU.[5] The United Kingdom is a Commonwealth realm[4] consisting of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. The United Kingdom has the following overseas territories:

The British monarch has direct sovereignty over three self-governing Crown dependencies:

 United States – United States of America
  • English: United States – United States of America
  • French: États-Unis – États-Unis d'Amérique
  • Hawaiian: ʻAmelika Hui – ‘Amelika Huipū‘ia [17]
  • Spanish: Estados Unidos – Estados Unidos de América
 Member of the UN. The United States is a federation [13] composed of 50 states, 1 federal district, and the incorporated territory of Palmyra Atoll. The United States has sovereignty over the following inhabited possessions and commonwealths:

In addition, there are uninhabited possessions of the United States in the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea: Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Navassa Island (disputed by Haiti), and Wake Island (disputed by the Marshall Islands). According to some sources, the United States also claims Bajo Nuevo Bank and Serranilla Bank as territories.[15]

Members of an United Nations specialized agency:
Holy See → Vatican City
 Kosovo – Republic of Kosovo
  • Albanian: Kosova – Republika e Kosovës
  • Serbian: Косово – Република Косово Kosovo – Republika Kosovo
 Not a UN member, but a member of the IMF and WBG. Recognised by 114 UN member states and by Taiwan (Republic of China). Claimed in whole by the Republic of Serbia as its Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija. Republic of Kosovo has de facto control over most of the territory, with limited control in North Kosovo and limited by the functions performed under auspices of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo established by the UNSCR 1244.
 Vatican City – State of the Vatican City
  • Latin: Civitas Vaticana – Status Civitatis Vaticanæ
  • Italian: Città del Vaticano – Stato della Città del Vaticano
  • French: État de la Cité du Vatican [18]
 UN observer state[19] and a member of ITU, UPU, WIPO and IAEA. Administered by the Holy See,[20] a sovereign entity with diplomatic ties to 178 states.
No membership in the United Nations organization and specialized agencies:
 Abkhazia – Republic of Abkhazia
  • Abkhaz: Аҧсны – Аҧсны АҳәынҭқарраApsny – Apsny Akheyntkarra
  • Russian: Aбхазия – Республика АбхазияAbkhaziya – Respublika Abkhaziya
 Not a UN member. Recognised by Russia, Nauru, Nicaragua, Venezuela and by South Ossetia and Transnistria, both non-members of the UN.[21][22] Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia.
China, Republic of → Taiwan
 Nagorno-Karabakh – Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
  • Armenian: Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ – Լեռնային Ղարաբաղի ՀանրապետությունLeṙnalin Ġarabaġ – Leṙnayin Ġarabaġi Hanrapetut‘yun
 Not a UN member. Recognised only by Transnistria, also a non-member of the UN. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Azerbaijan.[23]
 Northern Cyprus – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
  • Turkish: Kuzey Kıbrıs – Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti
 Not a UN member. Recognised only by Turkey.[24] Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the Republic of Cyprus.[25]
State of Palestine Palestine – State of Palestine[26]
  • Arabic: دولة فلسطين Dawlat Filastīn
 unilaterally declared in exile in Algiers by the Palestine Liberation Organization and recognized by over 100 countries. The State of Palestine has no control over any permanently populated territory.[note 1] The State of Palestine has no relations with the UN, but the PLO holds UN observer status[19] as non-state entity and is referred to as "Palestine".[34] The PLO also established the Palestinian National Authority interim territorial administration as result of the Oslo Accords signed by the PLO itself, Israel, United States and Russia. Currently ultimate control[35] over all of the claimed territories is still exercised by Israel,[36][37][38][39][40] but it allows the PNA to execute some functions there, depending on special area classification. Following the Fatah–Hamas conflict the PNA retained control over the West Bank, but was expelled from the Gaza Strip by Hamas. Both Palestinian Legislative Council led by Hamas and the PNA government claim to be the legitimate authority, as per the Oslo agreements, over both the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Israel hasn't intervened.
Palestinian National Authority → Palestine
Pridnestrovie → Transnistria
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Sahrawi Republic – Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
  • Arabic: الجمهورية العربية الصحراوية الديمقراطية Al-Jumhūrīya al-`Arabīya as-Sahrāwīya ad-Dīmuqrātīya
 Not a UN member. Recognized by 81 other states.[41] The territories under its control, the so-called Free Zone, are claimed in whole by Morocco as part of its Southern Provinces. In turn, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claims the part of the Western Sahara to the west of the Moroccan Wall controlled by Morocco. Its government resides in exile in Tindouf, Algeria. Western Sahara is considered by the UN to be a non-self-governing territory that is entitled to self-determination and independence, but is currently divided between Morocco and the Polisario Front, that has established the Sahrawi Republic.
 Somaliland – Republic of Somaliland
  • Somali: Soomaaliland – Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliland
  • Arabic: ارض الصومال – جمهورية ارض الصومال Ard as-Sūmāl – Jumhūrīyat Ard as-Sūmāl
 Not a UN member. Not diplomatically recognized by any other state, claimed in whole by the Somali Republic.[42]
 South Ossetia – Republic of South Ossetia
  • Ossetian: Хуссар Ирыстон – Республикæ Хуссар ИрыстонKhussar Iryston – Respublikæ Khussar Iryston
  • Russian: Южная Осетия – Республика Южная ОсетияYuzhnaya Osetiya – Respublika Yuzhnaya Osetiya
 Not a UN member. Recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Venezuela and by Abkhazia and Transnistria, both non-members of the UN. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Georgia as the Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia.[21]
 Taiwan – Republic of China[43] Not a UN member. UN member prior to 25 October 1971. A state competing for recognition with the People's Republic of China as the government of China since 1949. The Republic of China is currently recognised by including the Holy See.[45] The Republic of China controls the island of Taiwan and associated islands, Quemoy, Matsu, the Pratas and part of the Spratly Islands,[46] and has not renounced claims over the territory of the PRC and Mongolia.[47] The territory of the Republic of China is claimed in whole by the People's Republic of China.[48]
 Transnistria – Transnistrian Moldovan Republic (Pridnestrovie, Trans-Dniester)
  • Russian: Приднестровье: Приднестровская Молдавская РеспубликаPridnestrovye – Pridnestrovskaya Moldavskaya Respublika
  • Ukrainian: Придністров'я: Придністровська Молдавська РеспублікаPridnistrov'ya – Pridnistrovs'ka Moldavs'ka Respublika
  • Moldovan: Транснистрия – Република Молдовеняскэ НистрянэTransnistria – Republica Moldovenească Nistreană
 Not a UN member. Recognized by Abkhazia and South Ossetia, both non-members of the UN. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Moldova as the Territorial Unit of Transnistria.[49]
Western Sahara → Sahrawi Republic

Criteria for inclusion

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...

Notes

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  1. ^ "United Nations Member States". United Nations. 3 July 2006. Retrieved 30 August 2010.
  2. ^ The names of the items in the list are given in English, as well as in the official, national, major minority, and historically important languages of the state. Where applicable, names in other languages are included in their original script, along with a transliteration in Roman characters. Except where mentioned, the source for the names in their official languages is the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN, retrieved 16 July 2010), which uses romanisation systems approved by the United Nations. The sources for flags are the main articles on these states. When other sources are used, these sources are mentioned. For a gallery of flags, see Gallery of sovereign-state flags.
  3. ^ Information is included on
  4. ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference realm was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference EU was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference autonomous was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ a b Both North Korea and South Korea claim to be the sole legitimate government of Korea. See also Foreign relations of North Korea and Foreign relations of South Korea.
  8. ^ "Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea". Retrieved 2008-10-27.
  9. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference ANT was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Tokelau remains a dependent territory after several referendums. Source: Gregory, Angela (25 October 2007). "Tokelau votes to remain dependent territory of New Zealand". New Zealand Herald. Wellington: APN Holdings NZ Limited. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  11. ^ Radio New Zealand International (26 March 2007). "American Samoa governor ready to resist Tokelau's claim to Swains Island". Radio New Zealand Ltd. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  12. ^ Government of New Zealand (8 October 2007). "Draft Constitution of Tokelau – English". New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Trade. Retrieved 2010-07-16. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference federal was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ^ Cite error: The named reference Kashmir was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ a b c d e Cite error: The named reference dis was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  16. ^ Source for the Irish, Scottish, and Welsh is Geonames. "United Kingdom". Fröhlich, Werner. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
  17. ^ Source for the Hawaiian is Geonames. "United States". Fröhlich, Werner. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
  18. ^ Source for name in official languages is the Federal Foreign Office of Germany (see references)
  19. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference unnms was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  20. ^ Vatican City is governed by officials appointed by the Pope, who is the Bishop of the Archdiocese of Rome and therefore ex officio sovereign of Vatican City. The Holy See also administers a number of extraterritorial properties in Italy and in many other countries (Apostolic Nunciatures).
  21. ^ a b "Russia condemned for recognizing rebel regions". CNN.com. 2008-08-26. Retrieved 2008-08-26.
  22. ^ Harding, Luke (14 December 2009). "Tiny Nauru struts world stage by recognising breakaway republics". London: Guardian. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
  23. ^ See Regions and territories: Nagorno-Karabakh (17 January 2006). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
  24. ^ It was accepted as an observer state of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference under the name of the Turkish Cypriot State since 1979. In addition, the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic regards TRNC as sovereign but Azerbaijan (the sovereign state that Nakhichevan belongs to) has not followed suit.
  25. ^ See The World Factbook|Cyprus (10 January 2006). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
  26. ^ Palestinian Declaration of Independence (1988).
  27. ^ PLO picks new leaders at landmark meeting
  28. ^ PLO parliament elects new members.
  29. ^ Palestinian affairs.
  30. ^ Palestinian President Abbas attends a PLO executive committee meeting in Ramallah
  31. ^ Palestinian PM: Declaration of statehood just a formality: "The Palestinians already declared independence unilaterally on Nov. 15, 1988. The declaration was recognized by dozens of countries, but never implemented on the ground."
  32. ^ Top Ten Governments Currently In Exile:"The state of Palestine was proclaimed in 1988, but in exile. A declaration of a "State of Palestine" was approved on November 15, 1988, by the Palestinian National Council, the legislative body of the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO). The declaration was ignored, and eventually rejected, by the State of Israel. Israel controls the territories since 1967 Six-Day War when it captured them from Egypt and Jordan. Currently, the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) envision the establishment of a State of Palestine to include all the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem, living in peace with Israel under a democratically elected and transparent government. The PNA, however, does not claim sovereignty over any territory and therefore is not the government of the "State of Palestine" proclaimed in 1988. Enough said."
  33. ^ Palestinians 'may declare state':"Saeb Erekat, disagreed arguing that the Palestine Liberation Organisation had already declared independence in 1988. "Now we need real independence, not a declaration. We need real independence by ending the occupation. We are not Kosovo. We are under Israeli occupation and for independence we need to acquire independence,"
  34. ^ "United Nations General Assembly – December 9, 1988. Resolution 43/177". Unispal.un.org. Retrieved 2010-12-05.
  35. ^ Israel allows the PNA to execute some functions in the Palestinian territories, depending on special area classification with minimal interference (retaining control of borders: air, sea beyond internal waters, land) in the Gaza strip and maximum in "Area C". See also Israeli-occupied territories.
  36. ^ Gold, Dore (26 August 2005). "Legal Acrobatics: The Palestinian Claim that Gaza is Still "Occupied" Even After Israel Withdraws". Jerusalem Issue Brief, Vol. 5, No. 3. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. Retrieved 2010-07-16. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  37. ^ Bell, Abraham (28 January 2008). "International Law and Gaza: The Assault on Israel's Right to Self-Defense". Jerusalem Issue Brief, Vol. 7, No. 29. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  38. ^ "Address by Foreign Minister Livni to the 8th Herzliya Conference" (Press release). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Israel. 22 January 2008. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  39. ^ Salih, Zak M. (17 November 2005). "Panelists Disagree Over Gaza's Occupation Status". University of Virginia School of Law. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  40. ^ "Israel: 'Disengagement' Will Not End Gaza Occupation". Human Rights Watch. 29 October 2004. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  41. ^ The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is a founding member of the African Union and the Asian-African Strategic Partnership formed at the 2005 Asian-African Conference.
  42. ^ See Regions and territories: Somaliland (30 December 2005). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
  43. ^ Cite error: The named reference ChinaTaiwan was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  44. ^ Romanization in Pinyin.
  45. ^ The Republic of China participates in the World Health Organization and a number of non-UN international organizations such as the World Trade Organization, International Olympic Committee and others under a variety of pseudonyms, most commonly Chinese Taipei.
  46. ^ Cite error: The named reference Spratly was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  47. ^ "Ma refers to China as ROC territory in magazine interview". Taipei Times. 2008-10-08.
  48. ^ In 1949, the Republic of China government led by the Kuomintang (KMT) lost the Chinese Civil War to the Communist Party of China (CPC) and set up a provisional capital in Taipei. The CPC established the PRC. As such, the political status of the ROC and the legal status of Taiwan (alongside the territories currently under ROC jurisdiction) are in dispute. In 1971, the United Nations gave the China seat to the PRC and the ROC withdrew from the UN. Most states recognize the PRC to be the sole legitimate representative of all China, and the UN classifies Taiwan as "Taiwan, Province of China". The ROC has de facto relations with most sovereign states. A significant political movement within Taiwan advocates Taiwan independence.
  49. ^ 'See Regions and territories: Trans-Dniester (13 December 2005). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.

References

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