Talk:Cruciferous vegetables/Archive 1

Archive 1

Archive 2

More visual representation

I would love for someone to think of (and implement :) a more visual representation of the concept that inspired me to build this table in the first place: a map showing foods with taxonomic boundaries superimposed. the large taxonomic regions would thus pop out. problems: Eupedia 20:46, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

problem: choice of area metric

such a map requires a decision on which scalar quantity would map to surface area on the food map. kilograms/year consumed per year by humans? humans and domestic animals? economic value? area cultivated? etc. Eupedia 20:46, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

Why not multiple maps?--Curtis Clark 05:25, 28 February 2006 (UTC)

Go for it! BTW, thanks for all the awesome cleanup. Eupedia 06:55, 14 April 2006 (UTC)

problem: space-filling geometry

this is math problem: how do you project a "weighted dendrogram" (i made up this term by analogy to graph theory, but there might be a better term already existing -- anyone?) onto a contiguous plane? that is, assume by analogy that each food is like a country, each with it's size determined by the problematic metric discussed above. then, all of these food-countries would need to be packed together into a map of the food-world, with no white space (all land belonging to one country or another). easy enough so far, since the borders can be made to have any shape, but here is the clincher, and why it is a math problem: does there exist, for any weighted dendrogram, an area-mapped plane packing that preserves the connectivity of the dendrogram? Eupedia 20:46, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

It seems to me that the nature of a map implies a network of connectivity rather than a tree. But then I'm a biologist, not a topologist. I wonder instead about using a cladogram, and weighting the area of the branches by the measures you mentioned. This would be somewhat analogous to the sensory homunculus of neurobiology.--Curtis Clark 05:34, 28 February 2006 (UTC)

LOVED the sensory homunculus. i think a cladogram is a subset of dendrogram (tho i could be wrong), but your point is well taken: cladograms from genetic barcoding are an example of such a weighting, tho they do it with length, while i was envisioning area. hmmm. Eupedia 06:59, 14 April 2006 (UTC)

sweet! i just figured it out. there is another way to showing a branched hierarchy that i have seen in a piece of software called diskvision. you can download it for free and try it out. it shows the space taken up by various files/folders on your hard drive by area. it's awesome. the link shows a picture of how it looks. i know the guy because i suggested a mod to his program (to show number of files), which he implemented. so "all" that's needed now is a dataset. where can i get a list that shows class, order, family, genus, species, and variety for all important foods? Eupedia 07:14, 14 April 2006 (UTC)

Alphabetize the table by common name

I think the table should be alphabetized, and my first thought was by scientific name, but then I wondered if common name might not be more appropriate. Thoughts?--Curtis Clark 03:35, 25 February 2006 (UTC)

definitely not, and here's why: the reason i made this table was to show the intensely close grouping of many foods into few taxa. this is shown by sorting taxonomically, but would be lost sorting on common name. now i could see an argument for moving the common name to the right-most row, if someone wanted to do that... Eupedia 20:29, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

But that is part of my point: the important food species seem to be a few isolated dots and clumps in a vast sea of non-edible or non-interesting species. Within Brassicaceae, for example, most of them seem to be in one single genus, Brassica. So, by listing only the edible species, the table gives a somewhat distorted view of the situation. Here is a question one may ask: is the number of food species in a family a more or less fixed fraction of the total number of species in that family? If not, is Brassicaceae "food-rich" or "food poor", in relative terms? Jorge Stolfi 05:05, 28 February 2006 (UTC)

Interesting viewpoint, but it falls apart statistically in that the decision, even in a phylogenetic system, of what one calls a family is at base arbitrary, so it's not possible to make a convincing null model to test against. If one chose a family equivalent to the accepted subfamily Brassiceae, it would be food-rich. On the other hand, the broad interpretation of lumping Brassicaceae, Cleomaceae, and Capparaceae in a single family would render it food-poor.--Curtis Clark 05:40, 28 February 2006 (UTC)

Merge into Brassicaceae

Apparently the only reason to group these vegetables is that they all belong to the Brassicaceae family. If that is true, then the table should be moved to a section of Brassicaceae. Health information should be given in the articles of individual species, and therefore discussion of that aspect at the family level both superfluous and probably impractical. Jorge Stolfi 00:31, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

better, Merge into Brassica

On second thoughts, only a few of the "Cruciferous vegetables" lie outside the Brassica genus. So it would make more sense to drop those few exceptions and move the table to the Brassica article. Jorge Stolfi 01:02, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

Somewhat oppose:

1. Only eight species of Brassica are represented in the table, versus six non-Brassica species. This is in no sense a Brassica article; in fact one of its values is to point out the cruciferous vegetables that are not Brassica.

But Brassica accounts for 26 entries; and the other 7 are quite different plants, foodwise speaking, so I fail to see the point of discussing them in the same article. If you include watercress, why not not include lettuce and asparagus, too? Foodwise, they are more "Brassica-like" than watercress! Said another way: as a food or agricultural science article, that set of species does not make sense; as an article about the family, there are no nutritional or agricultural attributes that are shared by all species, so the article will never be more than just a list of 35 "random" edible plants. Jorge Stolfi 09:29, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

I think it's ironic that you inflate the Brassica total by including all the cultivars, which are important only as food, and then deprecate the importance of food.

Certain plant families are heavily used as food:

• Poaceae: not only all the grains, but also bamboo shoots, baby corn, lemongrass, and sugarcane.
• Fabaceae: The seeds of many species are eaten (beans, peas, peanuts). Are peanuts more like filberts than they are like peas?
• Rosaceae: Are strawberries, raspberries, plums, and apples all that similar except for being rosaceous?
• Asteraceae: You mentioned lettuce. Include sunflower "seeds" and artichoke hearts, and you already have a varied group.

In each case, all the foods belong to a single plant family. In no sense is that random. And this is an encyclopedia.--Curtis Clark 15:22, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

Sorry, I am obviously unable to express myself clearly. No one is denying that the other genera of the Brassicaceae include many plants that are important "foodwise". The point is that it doesn't make sense to discuss "all the edible plants of family X" in one article, because (a) there is practically no food- or agriculture-related attribute that holds for all those plants, so one would end up discussing each plant or each genus separately (which is best done on their respective pages) and (b) the really important food/cutlivation groupings usually cut across many families. So, for example, it would make a lot of sense to have an article on "grain crop species" or "forage crop species" or "edible species adapted to dry conditions" or "edible species with high vitamin C content" — irrespective of family boundaries. It would make sense also to discuss "genetics of the Brassicaceae", "metabolic processes of the Brassicaceae", "cellular anatomy of the Brassicaceae", "breeding and hybridization strategies for the Brassicaceae", etc. On the other hand, having an article on "edible Brassicaceae species" is no different than "edible species whose names use the letter N", or "edible species with pink flowers". That is: for the purposes of discussing nutritonal and cultivation properties, these three sets are equally arbitrary and hence uninteresting. Makes sense? Jorge Stolfi 16:17, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

Not true - what holds cruciferous vegetables together is the following: "Cruciferous vegetables are one of the dominant food crops worldwide. Widely considered to be healthful foods, they are high in vitamin C and soluble fiber and contain multiple nutrients with potent anti-cancer properties: diindolylmethane, sulforaphane and selenium. Researchers at the University of California at Berkeley have recently discovered that 3,3'-Diindolylmethane in Brassica vegetables is a potent modulator of the innate immune response system with potent anti-viral, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer activity."

I find those attributes interesting and not arbitrary.

I understand your point more clearly now, and I disagree; it's emphatically different from "letter N", since plant families are (or at least plant taxonomists intend that they be) natural groups. It can be inferred that all species of the Brassicaceae are descendents of a common ancestor not shared with species outside the family. Food items in the Brassicaceae have a basic similarity in that they are all members of that natural group – they all have the same genetic heritage. This naturally influences their cellular structure, growth forms, ability to be selectively bred, biogeography, and phytochemistry, all of which influence their use as food plants. This is hardly arbitrary or uninteresting.

I would expect so myself, but unfortunately Mother Nature had other plans. If you look at any list of species of a clade (including Brassicaceae), you will see that even within the same genus -- no, even within the same species! -- one can find plants that are as different from each other as day from night, food- and culitvation-wise. One cultivar has big edible tubers, the next one has no tubers but lots of seeds good for oil, the next one is highly toxic, the next one lives in arid climates, the other is semi-aquatic, etc.. On the other hand, you find many plants from very different families that produce red sweet berry-like things to attract birds, and hence are interesting for jam or ice-ceam makers. The fact is that *some* very basic things *do* follow taxonomic lines, but "end features" like edibility or growing requirements do not. Jorge Stolfi 17:09, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

And yet the above-ground parts of few (none?) Solanaceae are edible, but those of most Brassicaceae are (although many are not palatable). One of the things that makes evolutionary biology continually interesting is the contrast between history and adaptation.--Curtis Clark 17:34, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

Off-topic, but for what it's worth, the list of plants with edible leaves has Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, Solanum aethiopicum, Solanum americanum, Solanum incanum, Solanum indicum, Solanum macrocarpon, Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum, Solanum nodiflorum, Solanum scabrum, Solanum sessiliflorum, Solanum spirale, Solanum torvum, Solanum uporo, Solanum wendlandii, Solanum xanthocarpum, Nicotiana tabacum, and Physalis angulata. Leafeater 21:22, 23 June 2006 (UTC)

Agreed, those general properties are worth mentioning in the family articles. (I suppose you mean stems and leaves, since many Solanaceae have edible fruits, e.g. tomatoes and wolf apples.) BTW, are the toxic substanes of the Solanaceae chemically related?

It's been a while since I've looked into this, but I seem to remember one or a small number of classes of alkaloids being the main poisons.--Curtis Clark 15:50, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

None of this is to say that foods couldn't or shouldn't be arranged in other ways as well (and in fact they are). But arranging food by plant family is a common sorting device. Ethnobotanical lists and botanical works on herbs and spices (among others) are characteristically arranged by family. When I teach plant families, I ordinarily refer to the economically important plants (when they exist) to give the students a sense of the family from plants they may have already encountered. And even technical floras often list economically important members of each family.--Curtis Clark 16:38, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

Last year I noticed that many clade articles listed all the species under that clade. So the family article would have a big tree, down to species level; each subfamily article would have a subtree of that tree, again down to species; and so on. That seems nice for the reader, but when you need to change one species, you have to edit a dozen articles insetad of one. It seesm that people are now trimming down those trees, so that the article of each clade only lists the nodes at the next level, not its entire subtree.

After many such experiences in various contexts, I have learned the following "rule of thumb": if one lists the same imformation N times in a database, updates will cost N^2 times as much, and there will be N^2 more inconsistencies among all those copies. In other words, replicating information forthe sake of the user is counter-productive: instead, one should put each information in one place only -- and give the user a good search tool.

This is a very good point, and I've been bothered by the same thing. Search, though, doesn't solve everything; when I was a child, I would sit down and read volumes of an encyclopedia, seeing connections that a search would never provide.--Curtis Clark 17:34, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

In this case, that rule says that one should discuss the food properties of individual cultivars in their respective articles, and not even mention them in the higher clades (unless something can be said of the clade itself. Jorge Stolfi 17:09, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

And yet there is a case to be made for being easily able to look up the food articles for a single family. How about a general treatise in the family discussion (___aceae contains many edible members because of blah blah blah) and a category (say, "Edible members of the Brassicaceae") to accommodate the efforts that people such as Eupedia go to in assembling all the references.--Curtis Clark 17:34, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

Thank you for recognizing my contribution! It took a lot of learning for me to get the table right, etc. etc. (i have now applied/expanded this to dental notation of all things, to very nice effect, IMO). but to the question at hand, if i may weigh in: i started this list as an excel spreadsheet a year ago when i noticed how many important foods seemed to be so densely arranged phylogenetically, once i completed it, i was blown away! in this spirit, trimming it to brassica only would leave the most dramatic effect, even at risk of losing completeness, since, the ratio foods/taxon (assuming taxon is defined recursively) is certainly higher for brassica than for brassicaceae. furthermore, who's to say i shouldn't have gone up to brassicales? then again, if there is a convention already for grouping families, then perhaps we should stick with it. my main message here: despite being the author, i am flexible, and see it both ways, and will not be offended by or attached to either implementation. Eupedia 20:29, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

1. The "Use as food" section of Brassicaceae is inadequate. Perhaps merging this in to replace that section would be useful, but calling this "Main article" in that section (per Wikipedia practice) would also be useful. If this were merged, the Brassicaceae article would be mainly food and a genus list, which is not necessarily a bad thing.--Curtis Clark 05:21, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

I would remove that section from Brassicaceae altogether, or reduce it to one paragraph like "this family contains the important food genera Brassica (including cabbage, cauliflower, canola, and over 20 other common vegetables and oil crops), Nasturtium (watercress), ..." Jorge Stolfi 09:29, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

Or you could look at all the plant families with edible members and bring those sections up to a common standard.--Curtis Clark 15:22, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

Cavello Nero

I've come across this plant, seems a bit like English Spinach. But I can't find any real info on it. Perhaps it has a different common name? See [1]. Also mentioned at [2]. Does anyone know anything else about it? peterl 00:34, 26 April 2007 (UTC)

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What does "cruciferous" in this context mean?

Seriously, I can't find why these vegetables are called "cruciferous." What is the distinguishing characteristic? Simply because they are members of the family Brassicaceae? And if so, what does being members of this family have to do with bearing a cross? Neither this page nor the Brassicaceae page has any information on the subject. Lockesdonkey (talk) 18:51, 12 May 2010 (UTC)

Never mind, I've found my answer.

Too Erudite

Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, have discovered that 3,3'-diindolylmethane in Brassica vegetables is a strong androgen receptor antagonist in human prostate cancer cells.

Is that good or bad? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.211.239.10 (talk) 03:07, 10 December 2011 (UTC)

Theoretically that is good since androgen receptor antagonists (i.e., antiandrogens) may be reduce the incidence of prostate cancer and would slow proliferation of prostate cancer cells in pre-existing prostate cancer. This has now been clarified in the article. Boghog (talk) 10:30, 1 June 2013 (UTC)

Weasel words

The word "may" was intentionally used in several sections of this article. Preclinical and epidemiological evidence suggests but does not prove chemicals contained in brassica vegetables have anticancer properties. This caution is supported by the supplied sources. Hence the use of the word "may" is fully justified in this context. Concerning drug metabolism, consumption brassica vegetables may reduce drug exposure below (or possibly increase above) the optimal range. This depends on the drug, the individual, and the amount of vegetables consumed. Again, the use of the word "may" is fully justified in this context and is not a weasel word. Finally mentioning the effects of smoking is off topic and does not belong in this article. Boghog (talk) 16:52, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

Please carefully read the following source that clearly states that the anticancer effects of these compounds in humans is not clear:

• "Cruciferous Vegetables and Cancer Prevention". Fact Sheet. National Cancer Institute, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 06/07/2012. Some of these compounds have shown anticancer effects in cells and animals, but the results of studies with humans have been less clear. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

Hence the adjectives "may" and "potential" are a reasonable way of describing the anticancer effects in humans. Boghog (talk) 17:10, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

Also please carefully read the following:

However, views which are properly attributed to a reliable source may use similar expressions if they accurately represent the opinions of the source.
— WP:WEASEL

As the supplied reliable sources also used caution, it is fully justified and in fact required that the text in the article is also cautious. Boghog (talk) 17:17, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

[Edit conflict]: In response to this edit with the Supporting removal of weasel words with a review. The review that was added was this:

• Kim MK, Park JH (2009). "Conference on "Multidisciplinary approaches to nutritional problems". Symposium on "Nutrition and health". Cruciferous vegetable intake and the risk of human cancer: epidemiological evidence". Proc Nutr Soc. 68 (1): 103–10. doi:10.1017/S0029665108008884. PMID 19061536. Brassicas, against cancer risk, the current epidemiological evidence suggests that cruciferous vegetable consumption may reduce the risk only of gastric and lung cancers. However, there is at present no conclusive evidence that the consumption of cruciferous vegetables attenuates the risk of all other cancers. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

The review uses the word "may". Hence it is required that the text in the article that is supported by this review also use similar caution. Boghog (talk) 17:31, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

Firestone's Law of Forecasting: Chicken Little only haz to be right once.
The problem with the statement iz that it iz trying to make a statment about all other cancers, and I do not think anybody would expect crucifera to reduce your risk of anything but stomach and maybe liver cancer. I would not use a statement like that, because it iz being too demanding of these chemicals.75.152.127.203 (talk) 13:11, 25 June 2013 (UTC)

Deja Stew: A familiar feeling in your stomach.
It is good that you read articles with disbelief. It is bad that you write your disbelief into wikipedia articles, because then I can be left with uncertainty of which I do not understand the source or cause. Rather than disbelieve the evidence, and read it for myself, then, I might discard it, and just accept your disbelief. There is no explicit caution about preclinical or epidemiological data. Very few documents attack their own credibility. The only time "may" iz not a weasel word in this document, iz in the note about baby colic. It does not apply to all babies: They might habituate in the womb. It carries a risk ratio. I hav seen no modes of action for all of the things mentioned in epidemiological data about baby colic, not in low-level, detailed biochemistry, and the pubmed reference supporting moderation of some food does not get into modes of action. Most of the enzymes I mentioned from one document are not in wikipedia. If you see evidence that ITC or indoles ever inhibit liver enzymes, then you should put that in as contrary evidence. Smoking is on topic concerning CYP1A2. It iz an example that made a long, highly qualified sentence understandable and terse. Weasel words and sentence length inhibit comprehension, sometimes making sentences utterly meaningless, discouraging controversy where it belongs, on talk pages, on USENET, and in email. 75.152.124.222 (talk) 17:26, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

It is bad that you write your disbelief into wikipedia articles – I am not writing disbelief into this article. I am echoing the caution in the supplied sources. Doing otherwise would be WP:OR. Boghog (talk) 17:41, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

"Forgive them, for they know not what they do!", said Jesus crossly.
Edit conflicts should be mediated by yourself. If you are to tired to do the work, then you should discard your own edit and do it again. In your rush to do a reversion, which I rarely do, you deleted some evidence of mine. Please put it back. You can use my quotation or your own words to explain it.75.152.124.222 (talk) 17:44, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

In this particular edit, the source PMID 19061536 is a high quality review, although is was slightly misplaced since it only briefly mentions effects on hormones. I have restored that citation but put it in a more appropriate location. The second source PMID 12618594 concerning smoking and as I already indicated above, is off-topic and does not belong in this article. Boghog (talk) 18:03, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

Zen law-makers pass transcendental legislation. A buddhist monk told a hot dog vendor to make him one with everything.
We established that you do not know an category:indoles when you see the chemical formula for one on your talk page. In your rush to do a reversion, you deleted jeneral terms for the chemicals involved in the low level modes of action against cancer that Brassicaceae hav in life.75.152.124.222 (talk) 18:00, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

I am sorry, but I do not understand the above paragraph. Please clarify. Boghog (talk) 18:08, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

The edit summary Weasel words should be suppressed. If they are in reviews, then resolution comes from primary sources. – The supplied secondary sources use caution and therefore we also must use caution. Boghog (talk) 18:23, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

Do not adjust your mind. The fault lies with reality.
To use caution in this case invites disbelief of primary sources. If there iz contrary evidence, then you should supply it. 75.152.124.222 (talk) 18:41, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

The secondary sources review the primary sources both of which use caution. Hence we also must use caution. I already have supplied the evidence above. Please re-read it. Also please read WP:WEASEL, WP:OR, and WP:LISTEN. Boghog (talk) 18:50, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

The sources concerned deal with medical claims. WP:MEDRS is very strict about what constitutes a reliable source for a medical claim. Primary sources are rarely appropriate. It's better to use a secondary source for the claims concerned, and make only statements that are supported by the secondary source. If the secondary source uses weasel words (which is often the case for medical secondary sources can't come to a firm conclusion from the results of the primary literature), then so should we. Weaselly secondary sources are better than primary sources per MEDRS. Plantdrew (talk) 19:26, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

Nuke the unborn communist gay whales for Jesus!
I hope this means that Boghog iz sleeping. Competence is required iz a much more difficult standard to measure. Neither medical editorials, nor clarity are policy. I am not upsetting a consensus. I am finding one in primary sources. If you hav contrary evidence, then you should supply it, because this document makes conclusions. No reliable cure iz probably for cancer, yet some people do not get it. Clarity iz important. We are here to take input and deliver output to uneducated masses. If they cannot understand our conclusiohs, then they will ignore us. I hate sounding like I am holding things back. Write with the fewest possible words, or people will certainly ignore you. Write with the clearest possible words, or people will certainly misunderstand you.75.152.124.222 (talk) 19:48, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

The following is Wikipedia policy:

To demonstrate that you are not adding original research, you must be able to cite reliable, published sources that are directly related to the topic of the article, and directly support the material being presented.
— No original research

It is not acceptable to reinterpret the conclusions of a source to match your preconceptions. If you write "X prevents cancer" and the secondary source says "X may prevent cancer", this is a violation of a core Wikipedia policy. You also must write "X may prevent cancer". If you cannot accept this core principle of Wikipedia, then Wikipedia is not the place for you. Boghog (talk) 21:36, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

Per WP:MEDRS, it is never acceptable to use a primary source to contradict the conclusions of a high quality secondary source. There are numerous high quality secondary sources that discuss the potential anticancer properties of cruciferous vegetables and these sources are already included in the article. It is essential that the contents of this article reflect the conclusions of these secondary sources even if primary sources may have come to a different conclusion. Boghog (talk) 21:53, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

Violense may solv wun problem, and it sowz dhu seedz for another.
Regarding weasel words, "may" also indicates speculation in this case, and regardless of where it comes from, I do not welcome speculation on wikipedia. I do not care about recency. I suspect you will find more enthuziazm that iz old for crucifera. I would like for the reviewer to be on pubmed. Here are the sources for which I recommend that you extract something other than a global conclusion about whether this article (and its children) describe anti-cancer properties:75.152.127.203 (talk) 13:04, 25 June 2013 (UTC)

OK, fine, I have deleted all health claims from this article. This is a far better solution than to continue this pointless discussion. Boghog (talk) 15:14, 25 June 2013 (UTC)

What a botch!

As it stands now, the article is poor. Right in the opening paragraph there is an unsubstansiated, subjective assertion ("ITC tastes hot") about an apparent chemical compound, but who knows as there is no antecedent for this initialism. Up until now (I'm about to fix it) there is a purported complete sentence beginning with a lower case letter. Come on, people, this is about something important, not some nutjob conspiracy theories or the like, but something that millions of people eat every day. 166.152.32.247 (talk) 00:52, 24 June 2013 (UTC)