Talk:Childhood obesity/Archives/2012
This is an archive of past discussions about Childhood obesity. Do not edit the contents of this page. If you wish to start a new discussion or revive an old one, please do so on the current talk page. |
Nulliparity and nulligravitity
from reading the parity (medical) and gravidity articles, i can only imagine that the chart in this article is saying that you won't get laid. teh fux? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.220.50.68 (talk) 16:50, 7 April 2011 (UTC)
Classification of childhood obesity
There are multiple classifications for childhood obesity. The IOTF-s cut-offs are increasingly used in Europe, might mention them as well here. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10797032 . —Preceding unsigned comment added by Magnusf (talk • contribs) 23:14, 15 April 2010 (UTC)
I
I think the correct medical term is "Pediatric obesity." Rklawton 06:14, 1 April 2006 (UTC)
That is another term, but in the United States news media it is called Childhood Obesity.
I think that calling something by a more "PC" term just helps to make it seem less important than it really is. Kids that are obese shouldn't be given a medical term that makes them feel as though something is 'medically' wrong with them. This then suggests that only a doctor can fix the problem, when in fact anyone can help an overweight child regain their proportions without drugs or surgeries! I like the information here[1] as it relates real world strategies that can help combat the problems obese children face.--Wolfgangburns (talk) 21:57, 1 October 2009 (UTC)
Can someone please find me some citations?
Can someone find me some citations please? it should be pretty easy. My sincere apologies for not taking time to do it, but I am leaving for a long vacation right now so I currently do not have time. If you cannot find any I will do it when I re
TV?
Was I the only kid who ran around like a maniac while the TV was on? I had to constantly act out fun violent battles and stuff. Really anything where deep focus wasn't required tended to make me go nuts physically.
two things
there was a tv show where a dietician comes to parents houses and does age transitions on the kids to show what theyll be like in 30 years then helps fix it and i was trying to remeber what it was called. also would pictures underweight or skinny children help this?♠♦Д narchistPig♥♣ (talk) 01:58, 10 April 2008 (UTC)
What's wrong with Wikipedia?
In another article, it's stated that eating healthy foods can kill a person by means of starvation. I've tried to flag this as needing some sort of verification and context, to no avail. Here, we have a "dubious" tag on the statement that skipping meals can lead to obesity. If you ask 100 nutritionists, 99 will agree with that statement, and they'll list the same causal reasons. Skipping a meal is bad for the metabolism, triggers a response to starvation from the body. We're not taking in much food, so we'd better store what we do get!
I'm all for improving Wikipedia articles. I'm all for public knowledge. But I see a lot of red tape standing in the way of both these goals. When we start the glacial process of removing accurate information, and apply sloppier standards to falsehoods ... it's not a good situation. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 207.138.32.33 (talk) 00:08, 18 June 2008 (UTC)
Behavioral factors
Can anybody tell me how sadness and anxiety are behavioral factors? In fact, there's nothing in the entire section that's a true behavioral factor, while it comes immediately before psychological factors - a section where this entire text belongs!
If the answer is no, I'll move or remove the text. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 207.138.32.33 (talk) 21:24, 19 June 2008 (UTC)
Agreed and fixed. Doc James (talk) 00:24, 25 August 2008 (UTC)
Child hood obesity is a major effect from the ages of 2 till 12. In New Zealand 22% of children and young people (2–14 years) are overweight and 13% of children and young people are obese. Pacific children are three times more likely (35.7%) and Maori children one and half times (20.6%) more likely to be obese than the general population (Water, 2011, page 6) Children in Australian and New Zealand have a greater chance to be obese then every other county then America. Child hood obesity is linked to no physical exercise and eating more sugary foods.it has a large effect on children’s emotional and social problems. The increased physical risks include health conditions such as respiratory (exercise intolerance and sleep apnoea); orthopaedic (slipped femoral epiphysis); endocrine (type 2 diabetes which previously was unheard of in children); and cardio-vascular hyperlipidaemia and hypertension( Ebbeling, Pawlak, & Ludwig, 2002). Without intervention these will go on to become chronic health conditions as an adult(water, 2011, page 6)
References, Water T,2011, ‘Critical moments in preschool obesity: The call for nurses and communities to assess and intervene’, Contemporary Nurse, Vol. 40, No. 1 : pp. 60-70. Ebbeling, Pawlak, & Ludwig, 2002, ‘Childhood obesity: public-health crisis, common sense cure’, unpublished seminar paper, retrieved 17th May 2012, http://www.allhealth.org/briefingmaterials/lancetobesityrev-393.pdf — Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.184.102.27 (talk) 12:51, 17 May 2012 (UTC)
Pictures with fuzzy faces.
I do not like pictures with fuzzy faces. It makes me wonder what they are hiding. I do not know what more then one picture of a fat child offers to the discussion of obesity.
Doc James (talk) 00:23, 25 August 2008 (UTC)
- Well it's us attempting (poorly I would say) to hide their identity - I thought this was quite obvious. But I do agree the article was not improved by them and I support your removal. -- SiobhanHansa 00:58, 25 August 2008 (UTC)
I don't think the pictures are of the people who put them up. Blurring the faces is either respect, or to avoid legal action, I could be wrong though, all I know is I would not want to be shown on A page talking about fat people-Omeganed0. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 116.240.237.93 (talk) 06:54, 10 September 2008 (UTC)
- They do not add anything to the article. We all know what an overweight child looks like so more then one picture is not needed.--Doc James (talk) 22:34, 31 December 2008 (UTC)
- I agree with removal. --Scray (talk) 08:32, 28 January 2009 (UTC)
I don't see why this subject doesn't deserve an illustration. We all know what pinguins look like, doesn't mean we shouldn't have a picture. I never liked the illustration in the lead; "These children vary in their proportion of body fat" with a picture of an obese child in which none of the other children are clearly visible. The obese male in the obesity article is a lot more straightforward and honest. On the other hand, the fuzzy faces do make them look a bit like criminals. I suggest we look for better pictures. --Steven Fruitsmaak (Reply) 20:07, 28 January 2009 (UTC)
- Yes a better picture which gives weights and heights as well as BMI and percentiles would be better. --Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 20:27, 28 January 2009 (UTC)
- The closest to something better I found was Image:Summer fountain children body composition.jpg, but that's more of the same. --Steven Fruitsmaak (Reply) 20:45, 28 January 2009 (UTC)
"I don't like it" is not grounds for removal. Google "Childhood Obesity" and you'll find that the image in question is one of the top images returned. Per the "penguin" argument, there is no reason not to include illustrations in this article. The image in question clearly illustrates one of the subjects discussed in the article - diet and childhood obesity. If you want to remove it, you'll need a better reason. Rklawton (talk) 20:25, 26 July 2010 (UTC)
Semi Protected
This page has been getting lots of vandalism. Therefore have semi protected the page similar to the one on Obesity --Doc James (talk) 16:44, 27 August 2008 (UTC)
obesity and growth
What about children who are fat but become skinny with height growth? YVNP (talk) 07:50, 14 November 2008 (UTC)
Often times children will loss body fat when they become more physically active.(kcwshumKcwshum (talk) 01:45, 7 December 2009 (UTC))
Hearty eating vs. Healthy eating.
This is just sad.What happened to children eating apples on a hot summer's day?Now it's triple cheeseburgers on a regular basis.Mass-marketing sucks.why?It's the whole cause of this epidemic!Shame.β —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.116.199.70 (talk) 18:16, 22 November 2008 (UTC)
Totally wrong redirection
I was researching a question related to facial fat AKA (vulgo) "baby fat". It is a popular, "un-scientific" expression, but one used very often, even by physicians themselves - often enough, I believe, to deserve its own entry, however brief.
But the main point of this writing is to point out that "baby fat" has nothing whatsoever to do with obesity. It alludes to layers of subcutaneous fat - and we all have that, it's an organic, perfectly natural (and desirable) part of the human anatomy.
So what is a person who is looking for "baby fat" supposed to do, after coming here, having been redirected to the entry about "childhood obesity"?
Search for "subcutaneous fat"? I'll do just that; but I wonder how many of those looking for the same subject would think of such a search term... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.142.60.108 (talk) 04:29, 17 December 2008 (UTC)
Baby Fat is natural, but when combined with too much food-obtained fat caught later in life, it is usually more diffucult to get rid of. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.116.199.70 (talk) 23:10, 3 February 2009 (UTC)
Image
Is there a way to remove the image in this article without messing up the infobox? I don't think it's appropriate to use a candid photo of a grade schooler to illustrate an article on obesity. Zagalejo^^^ 19:08, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
- Never mind; I figured out what I was doing wrong. But if anyone opposes to the removal of the image, speak up. Zagalejo^^^ 19:15, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
- We used to have a number of photos. I think one is fine but more than one is not.--Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 20:04, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
- Is that image really necessary, though? It seems somewhat mean-spirited. I know we can't see her face, but someone might still recognize her. Zagalejo^^^ 22:30, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
- We used to have a number of photos. I think one is fine but more than one is not.--Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 20:04, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
- Obesity is a common medical problem. We in the west anyway are now having trouble identifying what is overweight and what is obese. Many people consider that you have to be a lot heavier than is actually the case before you start getting negative health problems. Also not showing images is not going to decrease the stigma associated with obesity. I have removed that image from the main obesity page but think it still belongs here. If you look at the page from 1 year ago you will find that we had about 6 images of overweight / obese kids. I removed 5 of them.--Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 22:58, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
spelling
im confused i thought it was spelt brazil, but under the Epidemiology section its spelt with an s, should this be corrected or am i just wrong?
- Please see Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#National_varieties_of_English. Walter Siegmund (talk) 13:47, 8 July 2009 (UTC)
It is spelt Brasil in Brazil, however it is important to continue to corrupt the English language so that letters no longer make definite sounds and no spellings ever make sense.
- It can be spelled both ways. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 17:49, 20 September 2010 (UTC)
statistical problems
The article needs re-reading by someone who knows more about statistics, because frequently causes are suggested in the article when all you have is a correlation. For example, if children who are breast fed become obese less often this does *not* prove that breast feeding protects children from obesity. There are many other possible explanations. For example, perhaps mothers who breast feed have more time to spare to spend with their children; if you spend more time with your children they grow up feeling more sure of themselves and don't feel a need to eat too much comfort food. This is one example - there are a dozen in the article as it stands... Johncmullen1960 (talk) 06:36, 25 July 2009 (UTC)
Coincidentally I have a degree in statistical analysis and I can tell you that even though your point is technically correct, if the sources are proper the math to take care of such has already been handled. Furthermore wikipedia has a no original research policy and any weaselwords or mantras such as "correlationisnotcausation" should be removed. Furthermore, what you are looking for, that is "strict logical proof" does not exist outside the world of mathematics. Lyml (talk) 21:15, 26 August 2009 (UTC)
- It is taken for granted that people assume this. This is the world of medicine. This is the evidence we have. Not always great but...Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 23:17, 26 August 2009 (UTC)
Merge of Childhood inactivity and obesity
- Propose merging the above in here. The article has problems, and if there is anything rescuable in it this seems to me to be where it belongs. Itsmejudith (talk) 17:39, 25 November 2009 (UTC)
- Support; I discern no reason to have separate articles. Walter Siegmund (talk) 02:56, 7 December 2009 (UTC)
- Support Yes merge please.--Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 11:56, 6 May 2010 (UTC)
- Support One article is a subset of the other, and neither are overly long. Rklawton (talk) 20:29, 26 July 2010 (UTC)
Lancet review on childhood obesity
Just out today [2] Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 11:57, 6 May 2010 (UTC)
less than 3 meals a week? - what is the defintion of meal?
I read the article about child obesity and a series of differences have been noted in relationship to number of 'meals', but meal is not defined. In my sense of the word a child that eats less than three meals a week, will starve to death before long. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.177.166.2 (talk) 08:46, 17 June 2010 (UTC)
- Do you have the article? Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 17:40, 29 June 2010 (UTC)
- Really depends more on caloric consumption and not number of meals. It's generally considered normal to eat 2 to 3 meals a day. Theoretically one could be normal, underweight, or overweight eating just the one (nutritionists and dietitians usually advocate spreading the calories you consume in a day around more both to manage hunger and keep metabolism stable; but studies consistently show the number of calories you consume in a day affects the body pretty much the same regardless of when you actually consume them). 76.25.139.167 (talk) 03:34, 12 March 2011 (UTC)
Merge
- I agree that we should merge Childhood inactivity and obesity in the United States into this article.Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 17:40, 29 June 2010 (UTC)
- Support! Lova Falk talk 06:43, 30 June 2010 (UTC)
- Support. Walter Siegmund (talk) 19:03, 18 August 2010 (UTC)
Images
Having an image of more than one obese child adds little to the page. Thus I have removed the second image. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 21:52, 26 July 2010 (UTC)
- This "standard" of yours would be unique to this article. There is absolutely nothing wrong with having more than one image in an article - especially one that illustrates a particular section. You've already expressed your opinion that you don't like images in this article - and the "I don't like it" approach isn't how we do things on Wikipedia. The image is topical, appropriate, has passed review, and even ranks highly in Google under "Childhood obesity". Your one-image-per-article standard simply doesn't fly. Rklawton (talk) 22:09, 26 July 2010 (UTC)
- No one is saying that we should not have more than one image but more than one image of an obese child adds little of encyclopedic value. This has been discussed before. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 22:47, 26 July 2010 (UTC)
- As per the above discussion three of us felt 1 image was sufficient, one person felt more images would be good, one though no images would be good. The one image is a compromise. Please get consensus before adding more as per Wikipedia standards. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 22:57, 26 July 2010 (UTC)
- No one is saying that we should not have more than one image but more than one image of an obese child adds little of encyclopedic value. This has been discussed before. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 22:47, 26 July 2010 (UTC)
Well, now it's 3 to 2 which is "no consensus" - and if we consider that each editor who added a 2nd, 3rd, 4th (etc) picture obviously believed that the article benefited from more rather than fewer pictures, it's clear the majority of editors believe the article benefits from more than one. Rklawton (talk) 16:29, 3 August 2010 (UTC)
Recent review article
A recent free review was published in JFP [3] Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 11:15, 21 August 2010 (UTC)
wrong
in the first sentence it mentions someones name and i don't think that's appropriate at all. it says that childhood obesity is something that [name removed Walter Siegmund (talk) 05:31, 12 March 2011 (UTC)] suffers. can that be removed please. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.111.182.194 (talk) 18:11, 4 November 2010 (UTC)
- Obvious vanadalism. You see such, feel free to remove it or just go to the history to revert it. Easy enough to do yourself if you see such. 76.25.139.167 (talk) 03:35, 12 March 2011 (UTC)
Historical image
Here (First issue of the "Revue Photographique des Hopitaux de Paris"; the first medical journal including photos) , in page 29 (20 of the original journal) is probably the first depiction in a medical journal of child obesity with a photograph: 1869. It may merit inclusion if a history section is created.--Garrondo (talk) 00:29, 11 December 2010 (UTC)
School and education?
Does anyone have a relevant source on how the education system influences weight in children? I remember a TV report (in Germany) about obesity in children. They said, the numbers "jump up" at the age of 6 (when children start school) and they increase again significantly at the age of 10 or 11 (when they enter secondary education). This makes total sense to me, six year old children that want to play around all day are suddenly forced to sit down for many hours a day. // Christian K. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 91.52.133.197 (talk) 13:52, 23 May 2011 (UTC)
some side-effects of orlistat and sibutramine
Side-effects of orlistat are oily stool, faecal incontinence, abdominal pain, and new cholelithiasis. And side-effects of sibutramine are tachycardia, constipation, dizziness, dry mouth, insomnia, and hypertension. Therefore, although orlistat and sibutramine have effects on childhood obesity when uses with lifestyle intervention, treatment with these drugs is related to more adverse effects than is lifestyle intervention alone. ZPMengdi (talk) 21:21, 28 November 2011 (UTC)
Epidemiology
Epidemiology in Australia
I have a few issues with the following text:
- Since the onset of the 21st Century, Australia has found that childhood obesity has followed trend with the United States. Information garnered has concluded that the increase has occurred in the lower socioeconomic areas where poor nutritional education has been blamed.
Prior to 2000, Australia childhood obesity rates had followed a similar trend with the United States of America. Since 2000, the childhood rates have not had any statistically significant increase but have plateaued[2]. Obesity may have once been more common among the wealthy with the poor being underfed. The current highest socioeconomic rate is lower than the rest but only by a small percentage [3]. Can someone please verify the 2nd line with a good reference because it seems a bit of a guess ? --tygrus (talk) 03:40, 29 November 2011 (UTC)
Two reviews
- Waters E, de Silva-Sanigorski A, Hall BJ; et al. (2011). "Interventions for preventing obesity in children". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (12): CD001871. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001871.pub3.
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: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=
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- Oude Luttikhuis H, Baur L, Jansen H; et al. (2009). "Interventions for treating obesity in children". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (1): CD001872. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001872.pub2. PMID 19160202.
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: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=
(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 16:17, 13 December 2011 (UTC)
Edit request on 15 December 2011
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Please change:
Epidemiology
Rates of childhood obesity have increased greatly between 1980 and 2010.[4] Currently 10% of children worldwide are either overweight or obese.[5]
Brazil
The rate of overweight and obesity in Brazilian children increased from 4% in the 1980s to 14% in the 1990s.[6]
United States
The rate of obesity among children and adolescents in the United States has nearly tripled between the early 1980s and 2000. It has however not changed significantly between 2000 and 2006 with the most recent statistics showing a level just over 17 percent.[7] In 2008, the rate of overweight and obese children in the United States was 32%, and had stopped climbing.[8] In 2011, a national cohort study of infants and toddlers found that nearly one-third of US children were overweight or obese at 9 months and 2 years old.[9]
Australia
Since the onset of the 21st Century, Australia has found that childhood obesity has followed trend with the United States. Information garnered has concluded that the increase has occurred in the lower socioeconomic areas where poor nutritional education has been blamed.
It should be deleted and add.
Epidemiology
Development of Standardized Tools for Monitoring Growth in Children Defining parameters for childhood obesity has risen a lot of public awareness over the past decades. Stuart/Meredith Growth Charts were among the earliest growth charts widely used in the United States but were limited by not being representative of the entire US pediatric population. [10] Consequently, the need to develop growth charts that would encompass the ethnic, genetic, socioeconomic, environmental, and geographic diversity in the United States began in the 1970s. [11] In 1977, new growth charts were developed by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) based on data collected by the National Health Examination Surveys.[12] Further development of these growth charts occurred as more comprehensive national data on body measurements in U.S. children became available.[13] The 2000 CDC growth charts, a revised version of the 1977 NCHS growth charts, are the current standard tool for health care providers and offer 16 charts (8 for boys and 8 for girls), of which, BMI-for-age is a commonly used for aiding in the diagnoses of childhood obesity. [14] In 2004, the World Health Organization began planning new growth chart references that could be used in all countries based on the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS) (1997-2003). [15] The MGRS was a multi-faceted study which gathered data from 8,500 children from widely differing ethnic backgrounds and cultural settings.[16] The MGRS focused on describing growth pattern of children whom followed recommended health practices and behaviors associated with healthy outcomes.[17] Upon recollection of data from MGRS, in 2007, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched gender specific height-for-age and BMI-for-age charts for 5 to 19 year olds (upper limit of adolescence as defined by WHO).[18] BMI-for-age, along with height-for-age, are the WHO recommended charts for assessing thinness, overweight, and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents. [19]
Centers for Disease Control
This article accidently refers tot he Centers of Disease Control as the Center(singular) for Disease Control. Can someone fix this typo?205.155.141.7 (talk) 16:42, 2 May 2012 (UTC)
- Thank you for your suggestion. When you believe an article needs improvement, please feel free to make those changes. Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone can edit almost any article by simply following the edit this page link at the top.
The Wikipedia community encourages you to be bold in updating pages. Don't worry too much about making honest mistakes—they're likely to be found and corrected quickly. If you're not sure how editing works, check out how to edit a page, or use the sandbox to try out your editing skills. New contributors are always welcome. You don't even need to log in (although there are many reasons why you might want to). --Walter Siegmund (talk) 23:56, 2 May 2012 (UTC)New picture
I would like to suggest we change the main picture of the article to this one:
--Cruz855 (talk) 20:43, 3 October 2012 (UTC)
- ^ Joan C Han,Debbie A Lawlor,Sue YS Kimm."Childhood obesity".The Lancet (May 2010), 375 (9727), pg. 1737-1748
- ^ Britt H (2011). "14". A decade of Australian general practice activity 2001-02 to 2010-11 (PDF) (30 ed.). Sydney University Press. p. 133. ISBN 9781920899875.
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ignored (|author=
suggested) (help)- ^ Cretikos, MA (2008 Nov). "General practice management of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in Australia". Medical care. 46 (11): 1163–9. PMID 18953227.
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ignored (|author=
suggested) (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)- ^ Han JC, Lawlor DA, Kimm SY (2010). "Childhood obesity". Lancet. 375 (9727): 1737–48. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60171-7. PMC 3073855. PMID 20451244.
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ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Bessesen DH 2008 2027–34
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Flynn2006
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).- ^ Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Flegal KM (2008). "High body mass index for age among US children and adolescents, 2003–2006". JAMA. 299 (20): 2401–5. doi:10.1001/jama.299.20.2401. PMID 18505949.
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ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)- ^ U.S. Childhood Obesity Rates Level Off
- ^ Moss BG, Yeaton WH (2011). "Young Children's Weight Trajectories and Associated Risk Factors: Results From the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study–Birth Cohort". American Journal of Health Promotion. 25 (3): 190–198. doi:10.4278/ajhp.090123-QUAN-29. PMID 21192749.
- ^ Kuczmarski, Robert, Cynthia Ogden, Shumei Guo, Laurence Grummer Strawn, Katherine Flegal, Zuguo Mei, Rong Wei, Lester Curtin, Alex Roche, and Clifford Johnson. 2002. 2000 CDC growth charts for the united states: Methods and development. Vital and Health Statistics.Series 11, Data from the National Health Survey(246): 1-190.
- ^ Kuczmarski, Robert, Cynthia Ogden, Shumei Guo, Laurence Grummer Strawn, Katherine Flegal, Zuguo Mei, Rong Wei, Lester Curtin, Alex Roche, and Clifford Johnson. 2002. 2000 CDC growth charts for the united states: Methods and development. Vital and Health Statistics.Series 11, Data from the National Health Survey(246): 1-190.
- ^ Kuczmarski, Robert, Cynthia Ogden, Shumei Guo, Laurence Grummer Strawn, Katherine Flegal, Zuguo Mei, Rong Wei, Lester Curtin, Alex Roche, and Clifford Johnson. 2002. 2000 CDC growth charts for the united states: Methods and development. Vital and Health Statistics.Series 11, Data from the National Health Survey(246): 1-190.
- ^ Kuczmarski, Robert, Cynthia Ogden, Shumei Guo, Laurence Grummer Strawn, Katherine Flegal, Zuguo Mei, Rong Wei, Lester Curtin, Alex Roche, and Clifford Johnson. 2002. 2000 CDC growth charts for the united states: Methods and development. Vital and Health Statistics.Series 11, Data from the National Health Survey(246): 1-190.
- ^ Kuczmarski, Robert, Cynthia Ogden, Shumei Guo, Laurence Grummer Strawn, Katherine Flegal, Zuguo Mei, Rong Wei, Lester Curtin, Alex Roche, and Clifford Johnson. 2002. 2000 CDC growth charts for the united states: Methods and development. Vital and Health Statistics.Series 11, Data from the National Health Survey(246): 1-190.
- ^ Borghi, E., M. de Onis, C. Garza, J. Van den Broeck, E. A. Frongillo, L. Grummer-Strawn, S. Van Buuren, et al. 2006; 2005. Construction of the world health organization child growth standards: Selection of methods for attained growth curves Statistics in Medicine 25 (2): 247 <last_page> 265.
- ^ Borghi, E., M. de Onis, C. Garza, J. Van den Broeck, E. A. Frongillo, L. Grummer-Strawn, S. Van Buuren, et al. 2006; 2005. Construction of the world health organization child growth standards: Selection of methods for attained growth curves Statistics in Medicine 25 (2): 247 <last_page> 265.
- ^ Borghi, E., M. de Onis, C. Garza, J. Van den Broeck, E. A. Frongillo, L. Grummer-Strawn, S. Van Buuren, et al. 2006; 2005. Construction of the world health organization child growth standards: Selection of methods for attained growth curves Statistics in Medicine 25 (2): 247 <last_page> 265.
- ^ Borghi, E., M. de Onis, C. Garza, J. Van den Broeck, E. A. Frongillo, L. Grummer-Strawn, S. Van Buuren, et al. 2006; 2005. Construction of the world health organization child growth standards: Selection of methods for attained growth curves Statistics in Medicine 25 (2): 247 <last_page> 265.
- ^ WHO | development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents [cited 12/10/2011 2011]. Available from http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/85/9/07-043497/en/index.html (accessed 12/10/2011).