Sporastatia
| Sporastatia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Sporastatia testudinea growing on a rock in Wheeler Peak, Nevada, USA | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Rhizocarpales |
| Family: | Sporastatiaceae |
| Genus: | Sporastatia A.Massal. (1854) |
| Type species | |
| Sporastatia testudinea (Ach.) A.Massal. (1855)
| |
| Species | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Sporastatia is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Sporastatiaceae. It has four species.[2] Sporastatia lichens are long-lived species that grow on siliceous or weakly calcareous rocks in arctic and alpine locales.
Taxonomy
[edit]Sporastatia was circumscribed by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1854, with Sporastatia testudinea assigned as the type species.[3] The name Gyrothecium, proposed by William Nylander in 1855,[4] is a synonym of Sporastatia.[1]
Following molecular phylogenetic studies published in 2013, Sporastatia was placed in a separate family, the Sporastatiaceae.[5] This family was shown to have a sister taxon relationship with the family Rhizocarpaceae, and together the two families comprise the order Rhizocarpales.[6]
Description
[edit]Characteristics of the genus include the crust-like thallus underlain by a black prothallus that is revealed around the margins; lecideine apothecia, and asci that contain 100–200 spores.[7]
Some Sporastatia species are hosts for lichenicolous fungi, including Rhizocarpon pusillum, R. asiaticum, and Miriquidica invadens.[7]
Species
[edit]- Sporastatia crassulata Yakovch. & Davydov (2018)[7] – Altai Mountains
- Sporastatia karakorina (Obermayer & Poelt) Davydov & Yakovch. (2018)
- Sporastatia polyspora (Nyl.) Grummann (1963)
- Sporastatia testudinea (Ach.) A.Massal. (1854)
The taxon Sporastatia desmaspora (C.Knight) C.W.Dodge (1970) is now known as Biatorella desmaspora.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Synonymy: Sporastatia A. Massal., Geneac. lich. (Verona): 9 (1854)". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
- ^ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8. hdl:10481/61998.
- ^ Massalongo, A. (1854). Geneacaena lichenum noviter proposita ac descripta (in Latin). p. 9.
- ^ Nylander, W. (1855). "Essai d'une nouvelle classification des lichens (second mémoire)". Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Sciences Naturelles de Cherbourg (in Latin). 3: 186.
- ^ Bendiksby, Mika; Timdal, Ernst (2013). "Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomy of Hypocenomyce sensu lato (Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes) — extreme polyphyly and morphological/ecological convergence". Taxon. 62 (5): 940–956. doi:10.12705/625.18.
- ^ Lücking, Robert; Hodkinson, Brendan P.; Leavitt, Steven D. (2017). "The 2016 classification of lichenized fungi in the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota–Approaching one thousand genera". The Bryologist. 119 (4): 361–416. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-119.4.361. S2CID 90258634.
- ^ a b c Yakovchenko, Lidia S.; Davydov, Evgeny A. (2018). "Sporastatia crassulata, a new species from the Altai Mountains with a key to Sporastatia and remarks on some additional species". The Lichenologist. 50 (4): 439–450. doi:10.1017/S0024282918000282. S2CID 91256059.
- ^ "Record Details: Sporastatia desmaspora (C. Knight) C.W. Dodge, Nova Hedwigia 19(3-4): 482 (1970)". Index Fungorum. Retrieved 26 September 2021.