Spanish Girl's Club
.jpg) Football players from the Spanish Girl's Club | ||
| Full name | Spanish Girl's Club | |
|---|---|---|
| Founded | June 1914 | |
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The Spanish Girl's Club was a women's football club based in Barcelona, Spain, which was founded in 1914 and dissolved shortly thereafter. Despite its brief existence, the club retained a place in history as the first women's football team in Spain and being considered one of the pioneering women's football teams in Catalonia.[1][2] The club had two teams, Montserrat and Giralda, which typically played against each other in exhibition games.
Founding
[edit]At the beginning of the 20th century, Spain was a hostile place for women's sports, with women having a low status in society and considered physically incapable.[1] The Spanish Girl's Club was created in 1914, spearheaded by the former RCD Espanyol and FC Barcelona footballer Paco Bru.[3] A 1960 report suggested that the club was a joint venture of FC Barcelona through Jack Greenwell and RCD Espanyol through Bru.[4]
The club was inspired by women's teams playing in England, while earlier in 1914, a men's football team in Barcelona had a board of exclusively women. Despite being a small football association, it was well organised and had its own headquarters, at the Barcelona premises of L'Amistat company on Consell de Cent Street.[1][2] The club's first coach was the Englishman Jack Greenwell, who at the time was also player-coach of the Barcelona men's team, with Bru taking coaching duties later on;[2] according to Bru's account, he believed Greenwell left the coaching role due to players' overbearing mothers coming to the club.[5]
Spanish Girl's Club featured two teams, which played against each other, called Montserrat and Giralda. Montserrat was named after the Montserrat mountain range and monastery in Catalonia, and Giralda was likely named after Giralda, the iconic bell tower in Seville that became so popular in Catalonia that a replica was constructed in L'Arboç.[6]
Response
[edit]The club was immediately controversial – later reported as what would be expected of Spain at the time – with press reactions ranging from shock and sympathy to machismo and misogyny.[2] Male relatives of the players also protested their involvement,[1][2] especially when Bru said the players would wear shorts to be comfortable and shower after playing to be hygienic; the male relatives felt they were entitled to give or deny permission for such things.[1]
The most consistent negative response to the club was a slur used throughout its existence, the Spanish "marimachos";[1] literally translated as "tomboys", the Spanish term is derogatory and often used as a euphemistic derogatory reference to lesbians and butch women.[7] The term was used for many women who had an interest in sports, with Bru trying to get people to think of the players as sportswomen instead, a new concept.[1]
In the days before the first match, promotion of it caused increased attention, and more spectators than expected showed up.[1] Mixed reports on the match from the time indicate that it was considered important and that there was sporting quality, though such reports still had misogynistic hallmarks.[5][6] There were other negative views towards the club due to the vast majority of people considering football to be exclusively a men's sport, and that women could play other sports if they wanted. As the club was specifically created as "a solidarity project", there were more critical voices.[1][2]
According to a report from 1960, the club was popular and its matches successful enough that a company sponsored a trophy match for the teams.[4]
Matches
[edit]After 45 days of training, while also overcoming detractors, Greenwell considered the teams prepared for a match in public. The first women's football match in Spain was played on 9 June 1914 at 17:15, on the pitch of RCD Espanyol. Montserrat played in white and Giralda played in red; Bru refereed and Giralda won 2–1.[1][2][8] The match raised funds to support the Women's Federation Against Tuberculosis (Federación Femenina contra la Tuberculosis), and was attended by this organisation's president, César del Villar, and his daughter Carmen.[1][2] The players included: Emilia Paños, Concha Ferrer, Dolores, Dorotea Alonos, Juanita Paño, Mercedes Azul, Palermo, Esperanza, Mercedes Queralt and Narcisa Colomer.[1] Emilia Paños was the goalkeeper for Montserrat, with La Vanguardia noting her "premonitory" surname in 2019 (in reference to goalkeeper Sandra Paños).[9]
In 1960, El Noticiero Universal reported that a later match between the club's teams had been so hotly contested that it broke out into a vicious fight with spectators joining in; this could only be resolved by the intervention of the local police, and the club received a fine of 200 pesetas.[4]
Decline and collapse
[edit]Despite becoming popular and playing well enough that one sports paper said they would soon be able to compete with men's second or youth teams,[10] Spanish Girl's Club did not last long. Their fortunes seemed to rest on a planned tour of France to play women's teams there, which was cancelled due to the outbreak of World War I, and Spanish Girl's Club stopped playing;[11]: 315–317 their last match had been 6 July 1914.[6] Bru reportedly made the sarcastic comment that, after Belgium, the Spanish Girl's Club was the first victim of World War I.[5]
Local newspapers continued to report on the women's teams in England, and suggested that women's football would soon reach Spain, but sportsmen and sport advocates in Spain espoused the belief that it was too dangerous or masculine.[11]: 315–317
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "La lucha del primer equipo de fútbol femenino de España" [The fight of the first women's soccer team in Spain]. historia.nationalgeographic.com.es (in Spanish). 9 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "El "Spanish girl's club" de Barcelona. Las pioneras del fútbol femenino español" [The “Spanish girl's club” in Barcelona. The pioneers of Spanish women's football.] (in Spanish). CIHEFE. 17 May 2017. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- ^ "El Spanish Girl's Club: las pioneras del fútbol español" [The “Spanish girl's club” in Barcelona: The pioneers of Spanish women's football]. as.com (in Spanish). 9 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- ^ a b c Armengou, J.M. (23 April 1960). "Noches de la ciudad". El Noticiero Universal. p. 19.
- ^ a b c "Edelmira Calvetó, la primera socia del Barça". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 2020-01-22. Retrieved 2024-04-22.
- ^ a b c "Las españolas que metieron su primer gol con pantalones bombachos (y de penalti) en 1914". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 2019-05-17. Retrieved 2024-09-10.
- ^ "Translation of marimacho – Spanish–English dictionary". Cambridge Dictionary. 2021.
- ^ "El 'Spanish girl's club'. 107 años del primer partido de fútbol femenino en España" [The 'Spanish girl's club'. 107 years since the first women's football match in Spain]. www.marca.com (in Spanish). 9 June 2021. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- ^ "La vida efímera de las Spanish Girls". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 2019-06-10. Retrieved 2024-04-22.
- ^ Ortiz, Miguel Ángel (7 March 2018). "Las Spanish Girl's Club". Panenka. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- ^ a b Torrebadella-Flix, Xavier (2016-05-18). "Fútbol en femenino. Notas para la construcción de una historia social del deporte femenino en España, 1900-1936". Investigaciones Feministas (in Spanish). 7 (1): 313–334. doi:10.5209/rev_INFE.2016.v7.n1.52710. ISSN 2171-6080.