Slobodište
Slobodište (Serbian: Слободиште), also known as Mount Bagdala near Kruševac,[1] is the place where the shootings of nearly 1,650 people, mainly Partisans, Chetniks, and Roma occurred during the German occupation of Serbia.
Mass execution in June 1943
[edit]The largest execution in Kruševac happened on 29 June 1943, when 324 people were executed. This was initially to be carried out on 28 June but as that was Vidovdan, Milan Nedić's government was able to move the execution a day later. Prior to the execution, SS general August Meissner arrived in Kruševac and signed the poster, noting that he himself ordered this mass execution. After that, 162 members of the Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland (Chetniks) and 162 members of the People's Liberation Movement of Yugoslavia (Partisans) were executed. Executions were also carried out within the Criminal Bureau, and bodies were buried in Bagdala.[citation needed]
During the occupation, Bulgarian soldiers carried out executions repeatedly in Kruševac, along with armed Arnauts in German uniforms and members of the Dimitrije Ljotić's Serbian Volunteer Corps.[citation needed]
Numbers
[edit]According to available documents and salvaged German documents about the shooting, 1,650 people were executed in Kruševac during the entire occupation. The executions were carried out in the following order:
| Execution date | Number of executed |
|---|---|
| 23 September 1941 | 1 |
| 24 September 1941 | 88 |
| 12 October 1942 | 10 |
| 12 December 1942 | 10 |
| 15 December 1942 | 10 |
| 5 February 1943 | 40 |
| March 1943 | 358 |
| 12 April 1943 | 5 |
| 29 April 1943 | 10 |
| June 1943 | 530 |
| July 1943 | 550 |
| 9 August 1943 | 9 |
| 20 November 1943 | 1 |
| 12 June 1944 | 10 |
| TOTAL | 1,642 |
Slobodište Memorial Complex
[edit]"Slobodište" Memorial Complex was built in the vicinity of the shootings, and was named like that because in one of the mounds were found the remains of soldiers of Rasina partisan detachment, who were called "bringers of freedom" of the city of Kruševac ("Slobodište" is a name derived from the Serbian word for "freedom").
Architect Bogdan Bogdanović realized the monument at the suggestion of Dobrica Ćosić, soldier of the Rasina partisan detachment. Building of the complex lasted from 1960 until 1965.[1]
There is a following inscription on the monument:[2]"Under this sky, human, straighten up. Bread and freedom are the same thing to us."
The basic elements of the monument are burial mounds, "Gate of Death", "Valley of giving respect" with 12 stone birds and "Valley of the living ones", and amphitheater with a stage and an auditorium.[3]
Today, "Slobodište" is a historical complex which is a place widely visited by citizens of Kruševac, as well as foreign tourists.
References
[edit]
- ^ a b Spomenički kompleks Slobodište, srbija.superodmor.rs; retrieved 12 July 2014.(in Serbian)
- ^ Spomen-park Slobodište, mojaavantura.com; retrieved 12 July 2014.
- ^ Memorijalni kompleks Slobodište, icom-see.org; retrieved 12 July 2014.
External links
[edit]- Authority Official Museum Slobodište43°33′35″N 21°19′56″E / 43.5597°N 21.3322°E