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Shugoshin 1

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
SGO1
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesSGO1, NY-BR-85, SGO, Sgo1, CAID, SGOL1, shugoshin 1
External IDsOMIM: 609168; MGI: 1919665; HomoloGene: 23642; GeneCards: SGO1; OMA:SGO1 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_028232

RefSeq (protein)

NP_082508

Location (UCSC)Chr 3: 20.16 – 20.19 MbChr 17: 53.98 – 54 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Shugoshin 1 or Shugoshin-like 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SGO1 gene.[5][6][7]

Mechanisms

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A physical mechanism that guarantees the accurate segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis arises from the ring shaped cohesin complex consisting of 4 subunits (SMC1A/B, SMC3, SCC1, and SA1/2 in humans). This complex encircles the two sister chromatids and resists the pulling force of microtubules.[8] The characteristic X-shape chromosomes are formed due to the centromeric cohesin protected by Shugoshin-PP2A complex.[9]

Kinetochore localization of Sgo1-PP2A is dependent upon phosphorylation on histone H2A of nucleosome, which is the important substrate of spindle checkpoint kinase BUB1.[10] Centromeric cohesin and H2A-pT120 specify two distinct pools of Sgo1-PP2A at inner centromeres and kinetochores respectively,[11] while the CDK1/cyclin B phosphorylation on Sgo1 is essential for Sgo1-PP2A to protect centromeric cohesin, not only for bringing PP2A to cohesin,[12] but also physically shield out the negative regulator WAPAL from cohesin.[13]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000129810Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000023940Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ "UniProt". www.uniprot.org. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  6. ^ Scanlan MJ, Gout I, Gordon CM, Williamson B, Stockert E, Gure AO, Jäger D, Chen YT, Mackay A, O'Hare MJ, Old LJ (Mar 2001). "Humoral immunity to human breast cancer: antigen definition and quantitative analysis of mRNA expression". Cancer Immunity. 1: 4. PMID 12747765.
  7. ^ "Entrez Gene: SGOL1 shugoshin-like 1 (S. pombe)".
  8. ^ Nasmyth K, Haering CH (2009). "Cohesin: its roles and mechanisms". Annual Review of Genetics. 43: 525–58. doi:10.1146/annurev-genet-102108-134233. PMID 19886810.
  9. ^ Kitajima TS, Sakuno T, Ishiguro K, Iemura S, Natsume T, Kawashima SA, Watanabe Y (May 2006). "Shugoshin collaborates with protein phosphatase 2A to protect cohesin". Nature. 441 (7089): 46–52. Bibcode:2006Natur.441...46K. doi:10.1038/nature04663. PMID 16541025. S2CID 4425074.
  10. ^ Kawashima SA, Yamagishi Y, Honda T, Ishiguro K, Watanabe Y (Jan 2010). "Phosphorylation of H2A by Bub1 prevents chromosomal instability through localizing shugoshin". Science. 327 (5962): 172–7. Bibcode:2010Sci...327..172K. doi:10.1126/science.1180189. PMID 19965387. S2CID 41673818.
  11. ^ Liu H, Jia L, Yu H (Oct 2013). "Phospho-H2A and cohesin specify distinct tension-regulated Sgo1 pools at kinetochores and inner centromeres". Current Biology. 23 (19): 1927–33. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.07.078. PMID 24055156.
  12. ^ Liu H, Rankin S, Yu H (Jan 2013). "Phosphorylation-enabled binding of SGO1-PP2A to cohesin protects sororin and centromeric cohesion during mitosis". Nature Cell Biology. 15 (1): 40–9. doi:10.1038/ncb2637. PMC 3531828. PMID 23242214.
  13. ^ Hara K, Zheng G, Qu Q, Liu H, Ouyang Z, Chen Z, Tomchick DR, Yu H (Oct 2014). "Structure of cohesin subcomplex pinpoints direct shugoshin-Wapl antagonism in centromeric cohesion". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 21 (10): 864–70. doi:10.1038/nsmb.2880. PMC 4190070. PMID 25173175.

Further reading

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