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Sharif ul-Hāshim of Sulu

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In this Philippine name for Muslims, the name Abubakar is a patronymic, not a family name, and the family name is Abirin.
Sharif ul-Hāshim
1st Sultan of the Sulu Sultanate
Reign17 November 1405 – ?
PredecessorRajah Baguinda Ali
SuccessorKamal ud-Din of Sulu
BornJohor, Johor Empire
SpouseDayang-dayang Paramisuli
Issue
  • Sultan Sharif Kamal ud-Din
  • Sultan Sharif Ala ud-Din
Names
Sharif Abubakar ibn Abirin Al Hashmi [1]
HouseAl-'Aydarus Ba 'Alawi sada
ReligionSunni Islam Ash'ari Shafi'i Sufism

Sharif ul-Hāshim[2] (began reign 17 November 1405) was the regal name of Sharif Abubakar Abirin Al-Hashmi.[1] He was an Arab[2]-Muslim explorer and the founder of the Sultanate of Sulu. He assumed the political and spiritual leadership of the realm, and was given the title Sultan, and was also the first Sultan of Sulu.

During his reigning era, he promulgated the first Sulu code of laws called Diwan that were based on Quran. He introduced Islamic political institutions and the consolidation of Islam as the state religion.[1]

Origins and personal life

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Very little is known about the Sunni Sufi scholar Sharif ul-Hashim's early life. Born in Johore (in present-day Malaysia), his proper name was known to be Sayyid Abu Bakr bin Abirin AlHashmi, while his regal name was known as Paduka Mahasari Maulana al Sultan Sharif ul- Hashim,[3] or "The Master (Paduka) His Majesty (Mahasari), Protector (Maulana) and (al) Sultan (Sultan), Sharif (Sharif) of (ul-) Hashim (Hashim)". [The Sharif of Hashim part is a reference to his nobility as a descendant of Hashim clan, a clan the Islamic prophet Muhammad was a part of.] His regnal name is often shortened to Sharif ul-Hashim. He was a scholar of the Shafi'i Madh'hab and the Ash'ari Aqeeda.[4]

Abubakar bin Abirin bore the titles Sayyid (alternatively spelled Saiyid, Sayyed, Seyyed, Sayed, Seyed, Syed, Seyd) and Shareef an honorific that denotes he was an accepted descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through both the Imams Hassan and Hussain.[5] His name is also alternatively spelled Sayyid walShareef Abu Bakr ibn Abirin AlHashmi. He was a Najeeb AlTarfayn Sayyid.

The genealogy of Sultan Sharif ul-Hashim describes him as a descendant of Muhammad, through his maternal bloodline, Sayyed Zainul Abidin of Hadhramaut, Yemen, who belongs to the fourteenth generation of Hussain, the grandson of Muhammad.[6] He was from the Ba 'Alawiyya of Yemen along with the other known missionaries locally known as 'Lumpang Basih'.[7]

Descendants

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Sultan Sharif Ul-Hashim's descendants include:[8]

  • Sharif Kamal ud-Din, his eldest son and successor, reigning 1480–1505.
  • Sultan Sharif Ala ud-Din, his son, not proclaimed as sultan of Sulu.
  • Sultan Sharif Mu-izz ul-Mutawadi-in, his grandson, who was sultan 1527–1548.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c Sultan Sharif Ul-Hashim acknowledged among Filipino great men website accessed on 23 November 2010
  2. ^ a b Sulu Genealogy website accessed on 23 November 2010. [unreliable source?]
  3. ^ Scott, William H. (1994). Barangay:sixteenth-century Philippine culture and society. ADMU Press. ISBN 971-550-135-4.
  4. ^ Rampai sejarah: meniti sejarah silam. (2005). Brunei Darussalam: Pusat Sejarah Brunei, Kementerian Kebudayaan, Belia dan Sukan.
  5. ^ Majul, Cesar Adlib (1981). "An Analysis of the "Genealogy of Sulu"". Archipel. 22. 22: 167–182. doi:10.3406/arch.1981.1677. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
  6. ^ Genealogy of Sultan Sharif Ul-Hashim of Sulu Sultanate Archived 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine website accessed on 23 November 2010.
  7. ^ Quiling, Mucha-Shim (2020). "Lumpang Basih". Journal of Studies on Traditional Knowledge in Sulu Archipelago and Its People, and in the Neighboring Nusantara.
  8. ^ List of the Rulers of the Sulu Sultanate. Archived 29 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine.[unreliable source?]
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Office Established
 Sultan of Sulu
1450–1480 		Succeeded by
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