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Sash of the Two Orders

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Sash of the Two Orders
Banda das Duas Ordens
Awarded by the Portuguese Head of State
TypeState Order
Established1789
Royal houseHouse of Braganza
EligibilityMembers of the Portuguese royal family
Crown princes and princes of foreign royal houses
Foreign heads of state
StatusExtinct
Former gradesGrand Cross (BDO)
Precedence
Next (higher)Sash of the Three Orders
Next (lower)Order of the Tower and Sword


Philippe d'Orleans wearing the star of the order on the far right

The Sash of the Two Orders (Portuguese: Banda das Duas Ordens, or Banda da Grã-Cruz das Duas Ordens) was a Portuguese decoration that combined the Grand Crosses of the Military Orders of Christ and Aviz.[1]

History

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The decoration was first established in 1789 by Queen Maria I, alongside the similar Sash of the Three Orders. From 1823 onwards it was awarded to the members of the Portuguese royal house who were neither the monarch nor the heir to the throne (both of whom wore the Three Orders Sash), as well as princes from foreign royal houses.[1]

In the wake of the 5 October 1910 revolution the Republic abolished the decoration along with all royal orders (save for the Order of the Tower and Sword), but would later resurrect it in 1931, during which it continued to be awarded to foreign heads of state and royalty.[2] It was eventually retired for good in 1962,[1] when the Three Orders Sash became exclusive to the President.

Insignia

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  • The badge and star of the decoration were identical to that of the Three Orders Sash, but with only the two crosses of the Orders of Christ and Aviz. From 1825 to 1830 the cross of Aviz was replaced by the cross of the Order of St. James of the Sword, with one such decoration bestowed on Prince Maximilian of Saxony in 1825.[1] In 1857, the decoration conferred on Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha had the cross of Christ replaced by that of St. James, as he had already been decorated with the Order of Christ.[3] During the era of the monarchy the badge was surmounted by the royal crown; after 1910 the crown was replaced by a laurel wreath.
  • The sash of the decoration usually constituted two equal stripes of red and green (Type I); from 1825 to 1830 the green was replaced by violet (Type II),[1] with the red replaced by violet on Prince Albert's decoration in 1857 (Type III).[3]
Ribbon bars
Type I (Christ and Aviz)
Type II (Christ and St. James)
Type III (Aviz and St. James)

Notable recipients

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Before 1931:

From 1931 to 1962:[2]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e António M. Trigueiros & Gustav A. Tammann (1997). "The Three Portuguese Military Orders of Knighthood (1789-1910)" (PDF). Orders and Medals Society of America: 17–18. Retrieved 17 March 2020. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. ^ a b "Banda da Grã-Cruz das Duas Ordens" (in Portuguese), Arquivo Histórico da Presidência da República. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  3. ^ a b Bragança, Jose Vicente de (2014). "Agraciamentos Portugueses Aos Príncipes da Casa Saxe-Coburgo-Gota" [Portuguese Honours awarded to Princes of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]. Pro Phalaris (in Portuguese). 9–10: 12. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  4. ^ Bragança, Jose Vicente de (2014), "Agraciamentos Portugueses Aos Príncipes da Casa Saxe-Coburgo-Gota" [Portuguese Honours awarded to Princes of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha], Pro Phalaris (in Portuguese), 9–10: 13, archived from the original on 25 November 2021, retrieved 23 September 2022
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