Salvia shannonii
| Salvia shannonii | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lamiaceae |
| Genus: | Salvia |
| Species: | S. shannonii
|
| Binomial name | |
| Salvia shannonii | |
Salvia shannonii is a tender perennial native to the Mexican state of Chiapas, and to Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras, growing in or near pine forests at approximately 3,000–5,000 feet elevation. Its native habitat receives regular moisture in the form of fog, rain, and streams, with mild temperatures that stay above freezing.[2]
Description
[edit]Salvia shannonii has inflorescences that are only 2.5–3.5 in (6.4–8.9 cm) long, appearing short and fat, with only a few flowers blooming at the same time. The flowers are a vibrant violet or lilac, with a small narrow upper lip covered with hairs. The lower lip is much wider and very showy. Large bracts that subtend the flowers add to the stubby appearance of the inflorescence. The calyx is lime-green, and relatively longer than that of other salvias. The 2.5–4.5 in (6.4–11.4 cm) leaves are obovate with a thick texture. The upper surface is mid-green, turning brown in cold weather, while the underside is whitish with pronounced veins.[2]
Taxonomy
[edit]The plant was named by botanist John Donnell Smith in 1893 for William Cummings Shannon, who collected it in the wild. The two were apparently serving in the United States military at the same time.[2] Donnell Smith spelt the epithet shannoni.[3] Article 60.8 of the 2017 International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants specifies how epithets formed from personal names are spelt, and requires Donnell Smith's spelling to be corrected to shannonii,[4] as used by the International Plant Names Index.[5]
Uses
[edit]In El Salvador, Salvia shannonii has been used for treating malaria, and is known as monte amargo, or bitterwood. Even though it has been grown in Central America for many years, it is relatively new to horticulture in North America. When grown as a garden plant in most of the U.S., it needs to be overwintered in a greenhouse to protect it from even the mildest frost. It begins blooming in the summer, and will continue flowering into February inside a greenhouse.[2]
Notes
[edit]- ^ "Salvia shannonii Donn.Sm." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2024-05-04.
- ^ a b c d Clebsch, Betsy; Barner, Carol D. (2003). The New Book of Salvias. Timber Press. p. 269. ISBN 978-0-88192-560-9.
- ^ Donnell Smith, John (1894). "Undescribed plants from Guatemala and other Central American Republics XIII". Botanical Gazette. 19: 255–266. Retrieved 2024-05-04. p. 256.
- ^ Turland, N.J.; et al., eds. (2018). "Article 60". International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017 (electronic ed.). Glashütten: International Association for Plant Taxonomy. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
- ^ "Salvia shannonii Donn.Sm." International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 2024-05-04.