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Retracted vowel

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Retracted vowels are one of three articulatory dimensions of vowel space

A retracted vowel is a vowel sound in which the body or root of the tongue is pulled backward and downward into the pharynx. The most retracted cardinal vowels are ɒ], which are so far back that the epiglottis may press against the back pharyngeal wall, and ɔ]. Raised or front vowels may be partially retracted, for example by an adjacent uvular consonant or by vowel harmony based on retracted tongue root. In both cases, /i y e ø a o u/, for example, may be retracted to ʏ ɛ œ ɑ ɔ ʊ̙].

Retracted vowels and raised vowels constitute the traditional, but articulatorily inaccurate, category of back vowels.

References

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  • Moisik, Scott; Czaykowska-Higgins, Ewa; Esling, John H. (2012). "The Epilaryngeal Articulator: A New Conceptual Tool for Understanding Lingual-Laryngeal Contrasts" (PDF).