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Raad Shakir

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Prof. Raad Shakir CBE, MBChB, MSc, MRCP(UK), FRCP(Edin), FRCP(Glas), FRCP(Lon)

Raad Shakir CBE is Professor of Neurology at Imperial College London and a Consultant Neurologist at Charing Cross Hospital.

Early life and education

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Shakir was born on December 21, 1948, in Baghdad, Iraq. He began his medical career in Baghdad in 1971, moving to the United Kingdom in 1975 as a research fellow at Glasgow University before completing his neurology training in 1979 at the Institute of Neurological Sciences in Glasgow.

Work

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World Federation of Neurology

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Shakir was Secretary-Treasurer General of the World Federation of Neurology in 2007.[1] From 2014 to 2018, Shakir was president. His term in office is notable for his focus on regional organisations, supporting the establishment of the African Academy of Neurology in 2015,[2][3] and the Pan American Federation of Neurological Societies (PAFNS) in Latin America, in 2016.[4]

WHO, ICD-11 and stroke classification

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The publication of ICD-7 in 1955 by the World Health Organization (WHO) classified cerebrovascular diseases as a disease of blood vessels and this included stroke.[5][6][7] Respective data on mortality and morbidity were counted as vascular diseases similar to any vessel disease. This classification was in contrast to ischaemia of the gut, kidneys or eyes, which are classified as diseases of the affected organ. As stroke was classified as part of the vascular disease section of the ICD, its effects were reported with those of cardiac diseases. As an example, in data published in the WHO European Health Report 2012, stroke is nowhere to be seen.[8] As a consequence, funding for neurological care was lost and governments were unaware of the scale of the problem.[9]

In 2007, the WHO began its review of ICD-10 and the WHO Topic Advisory Group for Neurology was formed.[10] Shakir was nominated in 2009 to chair the WHO Neurosciences Topic Advisory Group.[11]

Between 2009 and 2019, Shakir's chaired the neurology Topic Advisory Group working with experts and organisations on cerebrovascular diseases and collaborating closely with the World Stroke Organization[12][13][14] to produce the necessary scientific reasoning as to why cerebrovascular diseases should be moved to the nervous system disease chapter and obtain approval from the cardiology Topic Advisory Group. In a landmark decision[7] the move was approved by the WHO Division of Informatics and Statistics. The new ICD-11 classification of diseases formally lists Stroke as a neurological disorder and not a disorder of the circulatory system[15][16][17] and all Strokes are listed as a disease of the nervous system.

WHO and Neurology Atlas

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Shakir was actively involved in the joint World Health Organization and World Federation of Neurology production of the Neurology Atlas.[18][19] The data highlighted the large inequalities in income and resources across world regions and revealed that the available resources for neurological disorders within most countries were insufficient. The Atlas reinforced the need for substantial increases in neurology services and training.[19]

Commander of the British Empire

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Shakir was named a Commander of the British Empire (CBE) in the Queen's New Year Honours list 2021 for Services to Global Neurology[20]

Academic career and positions

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  • International baccalaureate, American Jesuit School, Baghad (1965)
  • Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery, Medical College, Baghad (1971)
  • Medical house officer, Medical City Teaching Hospital, Baghdad (1971 - 1972)
  • Medical senior house officer, Medical City Teaching Hospital, Baghdad (1972 - 1974)
  • Medical registrar neurology, Medical City Teaching Hospital, Baghdad (1974 - 1975)
  • Research fellow, Glasgow University (1975 - 1977)
  • Neurology registrar, Glasgow University (1977 - 1980)
  • Membership of the Royal College of Physicians, Royal College Physicians (1979)
  • Assistant professor, Kuwait University, Kuwait (1980 - 1984)
  • Associate professor, Kuwait Medical School (1984 - 1986)
  • Lecturer, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (1986 - 1987)
  • Academic vice dean, Kuwait Medical School (1988 - 1990)
  • Consultant neurologist, Charing Cross Hospital, London (1990 - )
  • Chief of Service, Charing Cross Hospital (2005 - 2015)
  • Senior lecturer, Imperial College School of Medicine (1990 - )

Key positions

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  • Associate Member, American Academy of Neurology (1984 - )
  • Member, American Academy of Clinical Neurophysiology (1986 - )
  • Regional Royal Colleges of Physicians (RCP) advisor for Neurology, Northwest Thames London, and examiner for the MRCP London (1992 - )
  • Secretary-Treasurer General, World Federation of Neurology (2007 – 2014)
  • President, World Federation of Neurology (2014 - 2017)
  • Chair, WHO Topic Advisory Group, Nervous System Disorders, ICD11 (2009 - 2019)
  • President of the South of England Neurosciences Association (SENA) (2018 - )
  • EAN WHO representative (2019 - )
  • Fellow American Academy of Neurology

Honorary positions

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  • Honorary Fellow European Academy of Neurology
  • Honorary Fellow Japanese Society of Neurology
  • Honorary Fellow Indian Academy of Neurology
  • Honorary Fellow Sri Lankan Academy of Neurology
  • Honorary Member of EAN

Journal editor

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  • CONTINUUM (American Academy of Neurology, CNS INFECTIONS)
  • Co-editor, Neurological Infections & Epidemiology (1995 - 1998)
  • Associate editor, Journal of Tropical and Geographical Neurology (1990 - 1992)
  • Editor (clinical), Medical Principles and Practice (1988 - 1990)
  • Editor, Journal of the Kuwait Medical Association (1984 - 1988)

Journal reviewer

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Publications

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  • Tropical Neurology (1996)[21]
  • Tropical Neurology (2003)[22]
  • Published papers[23][24]

References

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  1. ^ Caroll, William. "President's Column: Looking Back and Forward".
  2. ^ Aarli, Johan A. (July 2014). The History of the World Federation of Neurology: The First 50 Years. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/med/9780198713067.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-871306-7.
  3. ^ Ndiaye, Mansour; Charway-Felli, Augustina; AFAN Board of Directors (2016-06-01). "The establishment of the African Academy of Neurology". eNeurologicalSci. 3: 15–16. doi:10.1016/j.ensci.2015.10.001. ISSN 2405-6502. PMC 5803072. PMID 29430529.
  4. ^ Medina, Marco T.; Román, Gustavo C. (2016-07-15). "The Pan-American Federation of Neurological Societies: A New Regional Organization". Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 366: 195–196. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2016.03.052. ISSN 0022-510X. PMID 27288805. S2CID 206290848.
  5. ^ "International Classification of Diseases, Revision 7 (1955): List A". www.wolfbane.com. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  6. ^ "ICD-10 Version:2010". icd.who.int. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  7. ^ a b "New ICD 11 stroke classification will support global efforts to improve prevention, treatment and outcomes". SAFE. 2018-06-29. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  8. ^ "The European Health Report 2012: Charting the way to well- being, the World Health Organization" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  9. ^ Shakir, Raad (2018). "The struggle for stroke reclassification". Nature Reviews Neurology. 14 (8): 447–448. doi:10.1038/s41582-018-0036-5. ISSN 1759-4766. PMID 29959393. S2CID 49618491.
  10. ^ "WHO | Topic Advisory Group for Neurology". WHO. Archived from the original on October 22, 2014. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  11. ^ Aarli, Johan A. (2014). The History of the World Federation of Neurology: The First 50 Years. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/med/9780198713067.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-871306-7.
  12. ^ World Stroke Organisation Annual Report 2016 (PDF). World Stroke Organization. 2016. p. 11.
  13. ^ Hachinski, Vladimir; Donnan, Geoffrey A.; Gorelick, Philip B.; Hacke, Werner; Cramer, Steven C.; Kaste, Markku; Fisher, Marc; Brainin, Michael; Buchan, Alastair M.; Lo, Eng H.; Skolnick, Brett E. (2010). "Stroke: Working toward a Prioritized World Agenda". International Journal of Stroke. 5 (4): 238–256. doi:10.1111/j.1747-4949.2010.00442.x. ISSN 1747-4930. PMC 3712839. PMID 20636706.
  14. ^ Fyfe, Ian (2017-07-14). "EAN highlights European success in neurology". Nature Reviews Neurology. 13 (9): 512. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2017.102. ISSN 1759-4758. PMID 28708132. S2CID 11388635.
  15. ^ Shakir, Raad; Norrving, Bo (2017). "Stroke in ICD-11: the end of a long exile". The Lancet. 389 (10087): 2373. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)31567-2. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 28635606. S2CID 23057672.
  16. ^ "ICD 11 will finally classify stroke as a neurological disease". eanpages. 2017-04-30. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  17. ^ "WFN Media Statement: WHO release of ICD-11 for implementation". wfneurology.org. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  18. ^ Thakur, Kiran; Tablante, Elizabeth; Harper, Melissa; Shakir, Raad; Bergen, Donna; Dua, Tarun (2016-04-05). "The World Health Organization Atlas 2015: Country Resources for Neurological Disorders (PL01.001)". Neurology. 86 (16 Supplement). ISSN 0028-3878.
  19. ^ a b Atlas : country resources for neurological disorders. World Federation of Neurology, World Health Organization. Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse (Second ed.). Geneva. 2017. ISBN 978-92-4-156550-9. OCLC 1007843236.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
  20. ^ "New Year Honours 2021 - Transparency - GOV.UK". assets.publishing.service.gov.uk. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  21. ^ Tropical neurology. Raad A. Shakir, Peter K. Newman, Charles M. Poser. London: Saunders. 1996. ISBN 978-0-7020-1922-7. OCLC 33407163.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  22. ^ Tropical neurology. U. K. Misra, J. Kalita, Raad A. Shakir. Georgetown, Tex.: Landes Bioscience. 2003. ISBN 1-4175-4572-0. OCLC 56793813.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  23. ^ "Raad Shakir - PubMed". PubMed. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  24. ^ "Scopus - Shakir, Raa'd A." www.scopus.com. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
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