Queen (1773 ship)
| History | |
|---|---|
 Great Britain | |
| Name | Queen |
| Launched | 1773 |
| Fate | Foundered December 1796 |
| General characteristics | |
| Tons burthen | 385,[1] or 400[2] (bm) |
| Complement | 25[1] |
| Armament | |
Queen was a three-decker sailing ship built in 1773 at Georgia in the United States.
Career
[edit]In 1791 her ownership changed to Calvert & Co., a company that had several vessels carrying convicts, trading with the East Indies under contract to the British East India Company (EIC), and in the South Seas Whale Fisheries.
Queen transported convicts in 1791 from England to Australia as part of the third fleet. Under the command of Richard Owen, she sailed from Cork, Ireland, on 10 April 1791 and arrived in Port Jackson, New South Wales on 26 September 1791.[4] She embarked 133 male and 22 female convicts, of whom seven male convicts died during the voyage.[5] Queen transported the first contingent of Irish convicts to Australia.[4] The New South Wales Corps provided the guard.
After delivering her convicts, Queen sailed to Bengal, but her departure date from Port Jackson is currently unknown.[6] In Bengal she picked up a cargo of cotton for the EIC.
Queen finally returned to England on 6 February 1793, having been gone for two years and four months. The Times :
The Queen was in a leaky state and her crew were reported to all dead (except eight or nine) and those very ill from scurvy. She did not touch at the Cape of Good Hope nor at St. Helena, to which the violent disorder of the scurvy is attributed. Only six men could come up on deck when she came in. Had the wind been unfavourable, they may have all perished.[7]
On 3 July 1793 Richard Owen received a letter of marque for Queen.[1] By late 1793-early 1794 Queen was sailing between London and Antigua, and armed with ten 9-pounder guns.
In 1794 a French squadron of three frigates captured Queen, Owen, master, sailing from San Domingo to London, and Donna Maria, Smitheam, master, from New Orleans, but a British squadron under Captain John Borlase Warren, in HMS Flora, recaptured them both.[8] The recapture took place on 27 August. In mentioning the two vessels, Warren described Queen as coming from Jamaica, and the brig Mary, from New Orleans to London, as carrying a cargo of furs, indigo, and so forth.[9]
Fate
[edit]Queen is listed in Lloyd's Register in 1797 with R. Colley, master.[3] However, Lloyd's List reported that the "Queen (transport), from the West Indies, foundered the 30th December in a Gale.— People saved".[10][a]
Notes
[edit]- ^ There is no other Queen registered in 1796 or 1797 with a master named Collier. Queen is no longer listed in 1798.
Citations
[edit]- ^ a b c d Letter of Marque,[1] - accessed 14 May 2011.
- ^ Lloyd's Register (1791), Seq. no. Q10.
- ^ a b Lloyd's Register (1797), seq. no. Q4.
- ^ a b Bateson (1959), pp. 115–6.
- ^ Bateson (1959), p. 122.
- ^ "Arrival of Vessels at Port Jackson, and their Departure". Australian Town and Country Journal, Saturday 3 January 1891, p.17. 3 January 1891. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
- ^ Times, [London, England] (5 February 1793), p.3. The Times Digital Archive- accessed 9 March 2013.
- ^ Lloyd's List, n° 2643.
- ^ "No. 13699". The London Gazette. 30 August 1794. p. 888.
- ^ Lloyd's List, n°2890.
References
[edit]- Bateson, Charles (1959). The Convict Ships, 1787-1868. Brown, Son & Ferguson. ISBN 9780908120512. OCLC 3778075.