Pseudocoladenia dan

Fulvous pied flat
	Male
	Female
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Hesperiidae
Genus:	Pseudocoladenia
Species:	P. dan
Binomial name
	Pseudocoladenia dan; (Fabricius, 1787)
Synonyms
	Coladenia dan;

Pseudocoladenia dan, commonly known as the fulvous pied flat,^[1] is an Indomalayan^[2] species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found from India^[1] to southeast Asia.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

Description

Male. Upperside rufous-brown. Forewing with three semi-hyaline small white sub-apical spots from near the costa, the middle one the smallest and well inwards; in some examples one or both of the lower spots are absent; a large semi-hyaline spot inside the cell, near its end, its inner side square, its outer side deeply excavated, with a small spot between it and the costa, a small round spot near the base of the second median interspace, a much larger round spot in the middle of the first median interspace, and a minute spot (sometimes two) below them in the middle of the interno-median interspace, all these spots slightly tinged with ochreous, and varying much in size in diticrent examples; sometimes the large excavated spot in the cell is split into two, sometimes represented by a small round spot immediately below the sub-costal vein near the end of the cell, and sometimes it is entirely absent; there are some brownish indistinct marks on the wing, one in the interno-median interspace before the middle, a series of conjoined discal marks and an indistinct outer marginal band. Hindwing with a brown spot at the end of the cell, a discal brown macular band, corresponding in its curve to the outer margin, and a marginal band. Cilia of both wings brown. Underside like the upperside, but duller in colour. Forewing similarly marked. Hindwing with the brown bands somewhat more distinct, the cell spot with a brown spot on each side of it, and a sub-basal brown spot. Female similar to the male.
— Charles Swinhoe, Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. X^[6]

Former Subspecies

Prior to revision by Hoe et al. in 2023, the species contained:

P. d. dan (Fabricius, 1787) - India
P. d. fatih (Kollar, [1844]) - India (Kashmir), Nepal.
P. d. fabia (Evans, 1949) - Assam, Bhutan, Sikkim, Myanmar, Thailand, Indo-China, South China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan)
P. d. dhyana (Fruhstorfer, 1909) - Myanmar, Thailand, Malay Peninsula
P. d. sumatrana (Fruhstorfer, 1909) - West Sumatra
P. d. fulvescens (Elwes & Edwards, 1897)
P. d. eacus (Latreille, [1824]) - Java, Lesser Sunda Islands , Sulawesi
P. d. sadakoe (Sonan & Miltono, 1936) - Taiwan

Biology

The larva feeds on Achyranthes aspera.

References

^ ^a ^b Varshney, R.K.; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 37. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.
^ Seitz, A., 1912-1927. Die Indo-Australien Tagfalter Grossschmetterlinge Erde 9
^ Savela, Markku. "Pseudocoladenia dan (Fabricius, 1787)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved July 3, 2018.
^ Watson, E. Y. (1891). Hesperiidae Indicae: being a reprint of descriptions of the Hesperiidae of India, Burma, and Ceylon. Madras: Vest and Company. p. 120.
^ Evans, W. H. (1949). A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia, and Australia in the British Museum. London: British Museum (Natural History). Department of Entomology. p. 112.
^ ^a ^b One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Swinhoe, Charles (1912–1913). Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. X. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 65–67.

Hou, Y., Cao, C., Chiba, C., et al. (2023). Molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography, and classification of Pseudocoladenia butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 186: 107865 Preprint.[ISSN 1055-7903]

This Hesperiidae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[Smetacek-1] Varshney, R.K.; Smetacek, Peter (2015). A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. p. 37. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164. ISBN 978-81-929826-4-9.

[2] Seitz, A., 1912-1927. Die Indo-Australien Tagfalter Grossschmetterlinge Erde 9

[funet-3] Savela, Markku. "Pseudocoladenia dan (Fabricius, 1787)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved July 3, 2018.

[watson-4] Watson, E. Y. (1891). Hesperiidae Indicae: being a reprint of descriptions of the Hesperiidae of India, Burma, and Ceylon. Madras: Vest and Company. p. 120.

[Evans-5] Evans, W. H. (1949). A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia, and Australia in the British Museum. London: British Museum (Natural History). Department of Entomology. p. 112.

[SwinhoeIndica-6] One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Swinhoe, Charles (1912–1913). Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. X. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 65–67.

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