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Protestantism in Mexico

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A Methodist church in Apizaco, Tlaxcala

Protestantism (which includes both non-evangelical and evangelical denominations) is the largest religious minority in Mexico.

Demographics

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According to the 2020 Mexican government census, 78% of the population has a Roman Catholic background, while 10% come from a Protestant or evangelical Protestant background.[1] In 2010 those who declared themselves Catholics represented 83.9% of the population aged 5 and older, evangelical Protestants 7.6%, other religions 2.5% and 4.6% reported having no religion.[2]

The National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) reported that the number of evangelicals or Protestants rose from 4.9% in 1990 to 5.2% in 2000, reaching 7.6% in 2010.[3] The Institute estimates that 20 million Mexicans are evangelical.[4] More than 17 million Mexicans are Pentecostal and Charismatic.[5] There 8 million Christians independent from denominations in Mexico.[6]

Denominations

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First Baptist Church of Morelia

There are many denominations from several doctrinal backgrounds, the largest of which are Anglican, Baptist, Methodist, Lutheran and a group of unaffiliated non-denominational charismatic congregations;[1] a 2015 report from the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez noted that there are 50,000 Methodists and 30,000 Anglicans in the country.

The charismatic movement in Mexico has been growing in the last several decades, particularly in the southern state of Chiapas; in 2010, the National Presbyterian Church in Mexico was the strongest denomination (46% of the total Presbyterian population of Mexico).[7] Protestantism also has a large following in the Mexican states that border the U.S. state of Texas.

A main category of the Protestant churches in Mexico are the so-called Historical denominations, which include the following churches: Presbyterian (and other Calvinistic groups), Baptist, Lutheran, Methodist, Congregational and Anglican (or Episcopalian). These constitute the 10% of the Protestant/Evangelical category. After these branches, we have the "Pentecostal and Neo-Pentecostal" segment, which constitutes about 22% of the non-Catholic category. With a 39% we have "Other evangelical" members, a group called "Light of the World" (based in the city of Guadalajara) makes 1%, and finally the "Non-Evangelical Biblical" categorization makes up the remaining 28% of this figure.[8]

Growth and social interaction

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A Pentecostal church service in Cancun

Protestants/Evangelicals have had a respectful and often peaceful relationship with their overwhelmingly Catholic atmosphere. Conflict is however common in indigenous communities in the State of Mexico and the southern state of Chiapas (the state with the greatest percentage of Protestants nationwide). Despite their long-time status of minority, Mexican Protestants interact normally with the rest of Mexico.

Because of historical reasons (the laic character of Mexico which, in theory, does not intend to favor any religion) and unlike many other countries, Mexican Protestants do not have many institutions such as day care centers, schools, universities, labor unions, political parties and hospitals. This forces Evangelicals to interact with the rest of society using the same services and attending the same educational institutions.

Regardless of regional variations, Protestants in Mexico are becoming more relevant to the Catholic majority as many of these churches continue to grow greatly because many Protestants were once Catholics and converted later to Protestantism. Subsequently, they tend to share their new spiritual experiences with their Catholic relatives and neighbors, inciting curiosity because their life-changing testimony often ushers a new stage in their lives (frequently asceticism) which changes their worldview and their personal behavior. Protestants often invite people to their churches, which sometimes leads to further spiritual encounter and revivals. This is when more people become Protestants.

Regions and identity shift

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International headquarters of La Luz del Mundo Church at Glorieta Central No. 1, Hermosa Provincia, Guadalajara, Jalisco
The Templo Monte de Sion was the First Pentecostal Church in Cancun city, and the third Protestant Church.

The fact that more and more Mexicans no longer describe or define themselves as Catholic is significant issue amongst the country's Catholic population, many of whom consider Mexico a sacred Catholic land. This shows a society that tends to diversify into other paths regarding religious adherence. Nevertheless, the proportion or magnitude of this shift varies greatly and it is not the same throughout the country.

As a generalized interpretation, Protestants have grown to be a very relevant minority in Southern Mexico and to a lesser though still significant percentage in Northern Mexico, especially in border states (and particularly those that border Texas). Places where Protestantism has not become such a big minority are the West and the central parts (known as the Bajío), which is known as a very Catholic region. The following chart shows us the variations of religious affiliation of the Mexican population by state and doctrine to which inhabitants older than 5 adhere:

State Population % Catholic % Evangelical
/Protestant		 % Non-Evang.
Biblical		 % Atheist % Other % Unspecified
Aguascalientes 822,037 96.07 1.79 0.66 0.10 0.89 0.49
Baja California 2,181,179 82.43 7.79 2.59 0.30 5.89 1.00
Baja California Sur 372,466 89.61 3.68 2.05 0.19 3.33 1.14
Campeche 609,648 75.04 11.94 4.27 0.17 8.09 0.49
Coahuila 2,031,773 87.23 6.79 1.55 0.11 3.70 0.62
Colima 479,149 92.96 3.10 1.45 0.10 1.86 0.53
Chiapas 3,393,573 64.46 14.50 8.09 0.06 2.95 0.57
Chihuahua 2,683,956 85.40 6.52 1.94 0.15 5.38 0.61
Distrito Federal 7,787,688 90.57 3.61 1.37 1.02 2.95 0.48
Durango 1,266,521 90.72 3.79 1.91 0.06 2.95 0.57
Guanajuato 4,064,431 96.07 1.39 0.77 0.18 0.93 0.66
Guerrero 2,656,187 89.42 4.58 2.04 0.40 3.08 0.48
Hidalgo 1,974,004 90.63 5.41 1.38 0.40 1.69 0.49
Jalisco 5,567,957 95.39 2.06 0.89 0.13 1.04 0.49
Michoacán 3,487,151 95.12 1.70 1.02 0.16 1.43 0.57
Morelos 1,373,243 83.22 7.96 3.08 0.63 4.28 0.83
Nayarit 809,050 92.85 2.67 1.47 0.13 2.54 0.34
Nuevo León 3,405,823 88.19 6.28 1.96 0.14 2.96 0.47
Oaxaca 3,006,497 85.15 7.73 2.43 0.25 3.93 0.51
Puebla 4,440,642 91.54 4.33 1.69 0.42 1.38 0.64
Querétaro 1,230,278 95.37 1.89 0.96 0.20 0.97 0.61
Quintana Roo 762,866 71.76 12.52 4.74 0.42 9.81 0.75
San Luis Potosí 2,011,828 91.53 4.95 1.01 0.17 1.82 0.52
Sinaloa 2,239,357 87.67 2.86 2.12 0.12 6.72 0.51
Sonora 1,945,692 88.62 4.68 1.86 0.10 4.11 0.63
Tabasco 1,660,813 72.26 13.01 5.34 0.15 8.86 0.38
Tamaulipas 2,428,828 83.14 8.78 2.52 0.21 4.71 0.64
Tlaxcala 844,878 93.20 3.05 1.39 0.55 0.98 0.83
Veracruz 6,121,833 82.90 6.88 3.67 0.21 5.88 0.46
Yucatán 1,476,223 84.73 8.20 2.97 0.15 3.42 0.53
Zacatecas 1,184,735 95.05 2.12 0.89 0.07 1.32 0.55
State of México 11,611,426 91.26 3.78 1.58 0.87 1.94 0.57

Source, Socbiblicademexico website[9]

Freedom of religion

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The constitution declares that Mexico is a secular state and provides for the right to religious freedom.[1]

In 2023, the country was scored 4 out of 4 for religious freedom.[10] In the same year, the country was ranked as the 38th most difficult place in the world to be a Christian.[11]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c US State Dept 2022 report
  2. ^ "Página no encontrada". Archived from the original on January 4, 2014. Retrieved January 3, 2014.
  3. ^ "México: Evangélicos suben 3% y católicos disminuyen 6%, según censo 2010 - DIARIO EVANGÉLICO DIGITAL "BEREA"". Diarioberea.blogdiario.com. Retrieved 16 October 2014.
  4. ^ "DSpace" (PDF). DSpace. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
  5. ^ Zurlo, G.A. (2023). Women in World Christianity: Building and Sustaining a Global Movement. Wiley. p. 235. ISBN 978-1-119-87478-2. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
  6. ^ "Custom Dataset". National Profiles. 2024-12-03. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
  7. ^ Martinez Garcia, Carlos (January 16, 2009), Cifras del protestantismo en Chiapas (Statistic figures of Protestantism in the State of Chiapas) (in Spanish), ProtestanteDigital.com, retrieved September 3, 2010
  8. ^ "Grafica 2" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on May 28, 2009. Retrieved September 3, 2010.
  9. ^ "Distribución (%) de la población mexicana según su religión, por entidad federativa". Sociedad Bíblica de México, A. C. (in Spanish). Archived from the original on February 17, 2010. Retrieved September 3, 2010.
  10. ^ Freedom House website, retrieved 2023-08-08
  11. ^ Open Doors website, retrieved 2023-08-08
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