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Pierre Stagnara

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Pierre Stagnara (January 16, 1917 – July 1, 1995) was a French spinal surgeon. He has been described as a "pioneer" in the study of spinal deformities,[1][2] "one of the greatest figures of French spinal surgery."[3] Stagnara was born in January 16, 1917 in Loriol-sur-Drôme, France.[4][5] He studied medicine in the city of Lyon. During World War II he was drafted into the French army.[6] After the war, he worked in a variety of hospitals throughout Lyon. In 1959 he became the Chief of the Centre des Massues and served in this position until his retirement in 1982.[3] Whilst working at the institution he pioneered many orthopedic techniques. Including the non-surgical management of scoliosis.[6]

Stagnara created the Lyon brace,[7] also known as the Stagnara brace in 1947.[8][9][10] It was initially made from leather and steel, although it was modified in 1985 to be constructed from joints and a faceplate made of steel, radio-transparent duralumin bars, and poly(methyl methacrylate) shells.[11][12][13] Stagnara is also responsible for the creation of the Lyon method of surgical treatment.[14][15][16]

He invented the Stagnara wake-up test.[17][18] It was used to identify potential spinal cord complications resulting from spinal surgery.[19] The test involved waking up a patient who had been placed under anesthesia following the completion of the main part of the surgery to monitor their foot movement. This was designed to determine if their spinal cord had remained completely functional.[20] Following the completion of the test, the patient will be placed under anesthesia once more. This technique was used from the 1970s-1990s before the development of spinal cord monitoring. During this period, it was the only reliable way of determining spinal cord functioning during a spinal surgery. However, it was only able to be used once during surgery, it took a significant amount of time to accomplish the procedure,[21] and it could result in severe side effects such as accidental extubation.[22] Techniques such as somatosensory evoked potential or motor evoked potential have largely replaced the Stagnara wake-up test.[23] It may be used in certain cases if other monitoring methods are not effective in these scenarios.[24] The test may also be used along with other monitoring techniques.[25]

Stagnara utilized the halo device, invented in the 1960s by doctors at Riancho Los Amigos Hospital, to develop Halo-gravity traction in 1971.[26][27][28] This method of treating severe spinal deformities has since become one of the most popular treatments for spinal issues. In 1982 he helped found the European Spinal Deformity Society. Stagnara served as the president of the society in the same year.[29] In 1985 he authored a book on spinal deformities entitled Les Déformations du rachis: scolioses, cyphoses, lordoses.[30]

Stagnara married a woman named Denise Locard in 1942.[6][31][32] He had 10 children with her and had 31 grandchildren over the course of his life.[6] Together, they founded the Sésame group in 1966.[33] This group was devoted to promoting sex education throughout France.[34][35] Stagnara retired in 1982. During his retirement, he cultivated vineyards and coauthored a book with his wife entitled Faithful Love - Utopia or Reality? He died on July 1, 1995.[6]

References

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  1. ^ Dreischarf, Marcel (2017). The loading, shape and motion of the lumbar spine (Thesis). p. 13.
  2. ^ Negrini, Stefano; Grivas, Theodoros B.; Kotwicki, Tomasz; Maruyama, Toru; Rigo, Manuel; Weiss, Hans Rudolf; the members of the Scientific society On Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment (SOSORT) (2006-04-10). "Why do we treat adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? What we want to obtain and to avoid for our patients. SOSORT 2005 Consensus paper". Scoliosis. 1 (1): 4. doi:10.1186/1748-7161-1-4. ISSN 1748-7161. PMC 1475888. PMID 16759352.
  3. ^ a b DuBousset, Jean (1996-09-15). "A Tribute to Pierre Stagnara (1917–1995)". Spine. 21 (18): 2176. doi:10.1097/00007632-199609150-00023. ISSN 0362-2436.
  4. ^ "Pierre Stagnara (1917-1995)". data.bnf.fr. Archived from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
  5. ^ "Family tree of Pierre Louis Alexandre * STAGNARA". Geneanet. Archived from the original on November 17, 2023. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
  6. ^ a b c d e "Stagnara, Pierre (1917 - 1995)". livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk. Archived from the original on November 16, 2023. Retrieved 2023-11-16.
  7. ^ Karimi, Mohammad Taghi; Rabczuk, Timon (2018). "Scoliosis conservative treatment: A review of literature". Journal of Craniovertebral Junction & Spine. 9 (1): 3–8. doi:10.4103/jcvjs.JCVJS_39_17. ISSN 0974-8237. PMC 5934961. PMID 29755230.
  8. ^ Bettany- Saltikov, Josette & Cook, Tim & Rigo, Manuel & Mauroy, Jc & Romano, Michele & Negrini, Stefano & Durmala, Jacek & del Campo, Ana & Colliard, Christine & M'hango, Andrejz & Białek, Marianna. (2012). Physical Therapy for Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis. 10.5772/33296.
  9. ^ Berdishevsky, Hagit; Lebel, Victoria Ashley; Bettany-Saltikov, Josette; Rigo, Manuel; Lebel, Andrea; Hennes, Axel; Romano, Michele; Białek, Marianna; M'hango, Andrzej; Betts, Tony; de Mauroy, Jean Claude; Durmala, Jacek (2016-08-04). "Physiotherapy scoliosis-specific exercises – a comprehensive review of seven major schools". Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders. 11 (1): 20. doi:10.1186/s13013-016-0076-9. ISSN 2397-1789. PMC 4973373. PMID 27525315.
  10. ^ de Mauroy, Jean Claude; Journe, Alexandre; Gagaliano, Fabio; Lecante, Cyril; Barral, Frederic; Pourret, Sophie (2015-08-19). "The new Lyon ARTbrace versus the historical Lyon brace: a prospective case series of 148 consecutive scoliosis with short time results after 1 year compared with a historical retrospective case series of 100 consecutive scoliosis; SOSORT award 2015 winner". Scoliosis. 10 (1): 26. doi:10.1186/s13013-015-0047-6. ISSN 1748-7161. PMC 4545553. PMID 26300954.
  11. ^ Fung, Ho Yi (2020). Ergonomic brace wear for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) (Thesis). The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 12, 2021.
  12. ^ Grivas, Theodoros. "Overview on braces used more in Europe". SOSORT 2014 4th Educational Courses. Scientific Society on Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment (SOSORT): 45 – via academia.edu.
  13. ^ Grivas, Theodoros (2012). "European Braces for Conservative Scoliosis Treatment". Human Musculoskeletal Biomechanics. doi:10.5772/19509. ISBN 978-953-307-638-6.
  14. ^ Bernard, Jean-Claude; Lecante, Cyril; Deceuninck, Julie; Notin, Gregory; Journoud, Lydie; Barral, Frederic (2013-02-14). "The carbon brace". Scoliosis. 8 (1): 3. doi:10.1186/1748-7161-8-3. ISSN 1748-7161. PMC 3599608. PMID 23409701.
  15. ^ de Mauroy, Jean Claude; Lecante, Cyril; Barral, Frédéric (2011-03-20). ""Brace Technology" Thematic Series - The Lyon approach to the conservative treatment of scoliosis". Scoliosis. 6 (1): 4. doi:10.1186/1748-7161-6-4. ISSN 1748-7161. PMC 3069938. PMID 21418597.
  16. ^ de Mauroy, Jean Claude; Vallèse, Pierre; Fender, Paule; Lecante, Cyril (2010-09-10). "Historical Lyonaise brace treatment for adolescent hyperkyphosis. Results of 272 cases reviewed 2 years minimum after removal of the brace". Scoliosis. 5 (1): O69. doi:10.1186/1748-7161-5-S1-O69. ISSN 1748-7161. PMC 2938703.
  17. ^ Ali, Zulfiqar (2019). "Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring and anaesthetic implications". Indian Journal of Anaesthesia. 63 (2): 81–83. doi:10.4103/ija.IJA_64_19. ISSN 0019-5049. PMC 6383466. PMID 30814743.
  18. ^ "Scoliosis Research Society - SRS". apps.srs.org. Archived from the original on November 17, 2023. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
  19. ^ Vauzelle, C.; Stagnara, P.; Jouvinroux, P. (1973). "Functional Monitoring of Spinal Cord Activity During Spinal Surgery". Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 93 (93): 173–178. doi:10.1097/00003086-197306000-00017. ISSN 0009-921X. PMID 4146655.
  20. ^ Hasler, Carol C. (2013). "A brief overview of 100 years of history of surgical treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis". Journal of Children's Orthopaedics. 7 (1): 57–62. doi:10.1007/s11832-012-0466-3. ISSN 1863-2521. PMC 3566253. PMID 24432060.
  21. ^ Drummond, Denis. "Four Decades of Advancement for the Surgical Treatment of Spinal Deformity" (PDF). University of Pennsylvania Orthopaedic Journal. 19. Yale University Press. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 17, 2023.
  22. ^ Nuwer, Marc R. (2010), Galloway, Gloria M.; Lopez, Jaime R.; Zamel, Khaled M.; Nuwer, Marc R. (eds.), "Intraoperative wake-up test", Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Monitoring, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 221–224, ISBN 978-0-511-77795-0, retrieved 2023-11-17
  23. ^ Hasan, M Shahnaz; Tan, Jin-Keat; Chan, Chris Yin Wei; Kwan, Mun Keong; Karim, Fathil Syafiq Abdul; Goh, Khean-Jin (2018-09-01). "Comparison between effect of desflurane/remifentanil and propofol/remifentanil anesthesia on somatosensory evoked potential monitoring during scoliosis surgery—A randomized controlled trial". Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery. 26 (3): 230949901878952. doi:10.1177/2309499018789529. ISSN 2309-4990. PMID 30058437.
  24. ^ Thuet, Earl D.; Padberg, Anne M.; Raynor, Barry L.; Bridwell, Keith H.; Riew, K. Daniel; Taylor, Brett A.; Lenke, Lawrence G. (2005-09-15). "Increased Risk of Postoperative Neurologic Deficit for Spinal Surgery Patients With Unobtainable Intraoperative Evoked Potential Data". Spine. 30 (18): 2094–2103. doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000178845.61747.6a. ISSN 0362-2436. PMID 16166902. S2CID 20292451.
  25. ^ Grottke, Oliver & Dietrich, Peter & Wiegels, Stefanie & Wappler, Frank. (2004). Intraoperative Wake-Up Test and Postoperative Emergence in Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery: A Comparison of Intravenous and Inhaled Anesthetic Techniques Using Short-Acting Anesthetics. Anesthesia and analgesia. 99. 1521-7; table of contents. 10.1213/01.ANE.0000134684.25322.26.
  26. ^ Esposito, Teresa & Varriale, Bruno & DiMartino, G.F. & Chierchia, M. & Carnevale, A. & Ronca, D.. (2012). Scoliosis: Causes, genetics, symptoms, and treatment in a southern Italy population. Scoliosis: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment. 1-47.
  27. ^ Stagnara P. Traction crânienne par le "Halo" de Rancho Los Amigos [Cranial traction using the "Halo" of Rancho Los Amigos]. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot. 1971 Jun;57(4):287-300. French. PMID 4256619.
  28. ^ Li, Gabriel; Compson, Keith; Stone, Joseph; Sanders, James; Louer, Craig (2021-02-01). "Pathway for Implementation of Halo-Gravity Traction for the Treatment of Severe Spinal Deformities at a New Institution". Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America. 3 (1). doi:10.55275/JPOSNA-2021-227. ISSN 2768-2765. S2CID 252373572.
  29. ^ Kandziora, Frank; Teli, Marco; Meier, Jürgen; Noel, Julie-Lyn (2023-08-02). "25 years of EUROSPINE". Brain & Spine. 3: 101790. doi:10.1016/j.bas.2023.101790. ISSN 2772-5294. PMC 10458953. PMID 37635915.
  30. ^ "Les Déformations du rachis : scolioses, cyphoses, lordoses / P. Stagnara". ulysse.univ-lorraine.fr. Archived from the original on November 17, 2023. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
  31. ^ "Denise Stagnara (1917-2016)". data.bnf.fr. Archived from the original on May 10, 2021. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
  32. ^ Carol, Anne; Chauvaud, Frédéric (December 11, 2020). Edmond Locard et la police scientifique (PDF) (in French). Centre Alexandre Koyré. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 17, 2023.
  33. ^ La-Croix.com (2016-03-01). "Denise Stagnara, pionnière de l'éducation sexuelle, est décédée". Documentation catholique - La Croix (in French). Archived from the original on November 17, 2023. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
  34. ^ Miot, Fx (2023-07-07). "Qui sommes-nous". Association Sésame (in French). Archived from the original on May 28, 2023. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
  35. ^ "Odenas - nécrologie. Denise Stagnara, fille d'Edmond Locard, s'est éteinte" [Odenas - obituary. Denise Stagnara, daughter of Edmond Locard, has passed away]. Leprogres.fr (in French). Archived from the original on October 3, 2022. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
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