Pentane (data page)

This page provides supplementary chemical data on n-pentane.

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as eChemPortal, and follow its directions.

Mallinckrodt Baker.

Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Index of refraction,^[1] n_D	1.3575 at 20 °C
Abbe number	?
Dielectric constant,^[2] ε_r	1.844 ε₀ at 20 °C
Bond strength	?
Bond length	?
Bond angle	?
Magnetic susceptibility	?
Surface tension^[3]	18.16 dyn/cm at 0 °C 17.03 dyn/cm at 10 °C 15.82 dyn/cm at 20 °C 14.73 dyn/cm at 30 °C 13.66 dyn/cm at 40 °C
Viscosity^[4]	0.2894 mPa·s at 0 °C 0.2395 mPa·s at 20 °C 0.2200 mPa·s at 30 °C

Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Triple point	143.46 K (–128.69 °C), 0.076 Pa
Critical point	469.8 K (196.7 °C), 3360 kPa
Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ_fusH^o	8.4 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of fusion, Δ_fusS^o	58.5 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change of vaporization, Δ_vapH^o	26.200 kJ/mol at 25 °C 25.79 kJ/mol at 36.1 °C
Std entropy change of vaporization, Δ_vapS^o	87.88 J/(mol·K) at 25 °C
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_solid	? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_solid	? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p	? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_liquid	–173.5 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_liquid	263.47 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, Δ_cH^o_liquid	–3509 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, c_p	167.19 J/(mol K) at 25 °C
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_gas	–146.8 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_gas	347.82 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, Δ_cH^o_gas	–3535 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, c_p	120.07 J/(mol K) at 25 °C

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg		1	10	40	100	400	760	1520	3800	7600	15200	30400	45600
T in °C		–76.6	–50.1	–29.2	–12.6	18.5	36.1	58.0	92.4	124.7	164.3	—	—

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 47th ed.

**log₁₀ of n-Pentane vapor pressure.** Uses formula: $\scriptstyle \log _{e}P_{mmHg}=$ $\scriptstyle \log _{e}({\frac {760}{101.325}})-10.41840\log _{e}(T+273.15)-{\frac {5778.024}{T+273.15}}+81.92460+1.178208\times 10^{-5}(T+273.15)^{2}$ obtained from CHERIC^[5]

Spectral data

UV-Vis
λ_max	? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε	?
IR
Major absorption bands	2881, 2940, 2965 cm⁻¹ ^[6]
NMR
Proton NMR
Carbon-13 NMR
Other NMR data
MS
Masses of main fragments

This box:

Except where noted otherwise, data relate to Standard temperature and pressure.
Reliability of data general note.

References

^ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1234–1237
^ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1289–1376
^ A.P. Fröba; L. Penedo Pellegrino & A. Leipertz (June 2003). "Viscosity and Surface Tension of Saturated n-Pentane" (PDF). National Institute of Standards and Technology (15th Symposium on Thermophysical Properties). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2006. Retrieved 30 May 2007.
^ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1669–1674
^ "Pure Component Properties" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 30 May 2007.
^ Klingbeil, Adam E.; Jeffries, Jay B.; Hanson, Ronald K. (2007). "Temperature-dependent mid-IR absorption spectra of gaseous hydrocarbons". Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer. 107 (3): 407–420. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2007.03.004.

Linstrom, Peter (1997). "NIST Standard Reference Database". National Institute of Standards and Technology. doi:10.18434/T4D303. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[1] Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1234–1237

[2] Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1289–1376

[3] A.P. Fröba; L. Penedo Pellegrino & A. Leipertz (June 2003). "Viscosity and Surface Tension of Saturated n-Pentane" (PDF). National Institute of Standards and Technology (15th Symposium on Thermophysical Properties). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2006. Retrieved 30 May 2007.

[4] Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1669–1674

[cheric_p-5] "Pure Component Properties" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 30 May 2007.

[6] Klingbeil, Adam E.; Jeffries, Jay B.; Hanson, Ronald K. (2007). "Temperature-dependent mid-IR absorption spectra of gaseous hydrocarbons". Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer. 107 (3): 407–420. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2007.03.004.

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