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Paulina Jaramillo

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Paulina Jaramillo
Jaramillo at the Next Einstein Forum in 2018
Born
Medellín
Alma materFlorida International University
Carnegie Mellon University
Scientific career
InstitutionsCarnegie Mellon University
ThesisA life cycle comparison of coal and natural gas for electricity generation and the production of transportation fuels (2007)
Websitehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4214-1106

Paulina Jaramillo is a Colombian-American engineer who is Professor of Engineering and Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). She serves as Director of the Green Design Institute. Her research focuses on energy system sustainability and climate change. She was selected as an Andrew Carnegie Fellow in 2020.

Early life and education

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Jaramillo is from originally from Medellín, Colombia.[1][2] She was an undergraduate student at Florida International University, where she majored in Civil and Environmental Engineering.[3] She completed her masters and doctoral degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, where she studied the life cycle of coal and natural gas for electricity generation.[4]

Research and career

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Jaramillo's earliest research focused on using process-based life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate the climate impacts of coal and natural gas production and use in the USA. In 2007, she published one of the first papers to account for methane leakage in the life cycle climate impacts of natural gas.[5] In 2010, Jaramillo joined the faculty at Carnegie Mellon University as the Executive Director of the RenewElec project,[3] which focused on research to understand the barriers and opportunities for integrating variable and intermittent renewable resources in the US power system.[6] Jaramillo has noted that through the RenewElec project, she learned that the technical and economic constraints under which the power system is operated could be key drivers of the environmental impacts of power generation.[3] As a result, Jaramillo started working on consequential LCA research that integrates power system models into the LCA framework. Using this framework, Jaramillo and her research team have evaluated the climate impacts of electric vehicles,[7][8] wind power,[9][10] energy storage,[11] and even Amazonian hydropower.[12][13]

Jaramillo also works to understand the climate impacts on power systems. Between 2015 and 2020, she led an NSF-funded collaborative project with hydro-climatologists at the University of Washington and the Pacific Northwest National Lab to evaluate the climate impacts on the power system in the Southeastern United States. This project developed models to understand how climate change will affect demand for electricity and lead to new operating constraints at individual power plants.[14] Furthermore, Jaramillo and her collaborators developed a power system model to integrate the new demand for electricity, power plant constraints, and hydro-climatology data to simulate the integrated operations of the power system under a broad set of climate change scenarios.[15][16] This project also spun off research to evaluate the climate-induced risks to power generation in other regions of the world.[17]

Since 2019, Jaramillo has co-led on the Open Energy Outlook (OEO) Initiative,[18] a collaboration between CMU and North Carolina State University. Funded through a seed grant from the Sloan Foundation, the OEO initiative aims to bring energy modeling into the twenty-first century by applying the gold standards of policy-focused academic modeling, maximizing transparency, and building a networked community. The primary goal of this effort is to examine U.S. energy futures to inform future energy and climate policy efforts.[19]

In 2014, Jaramillo transitioned some of her work to focus on energy and environmental issues in the Global South. With funding from the Rockefeller Foundation and in collaboration with researchers at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Columbia University, the Rochester Institute of Technology, and the Colorado School of Mines, Jaramillo helped establish the Electricity Growth and Use in Developing Economies (e-GUIDE) Initiative.[20] This initiative seeks to transform the approaches used for planning and operations of electricity infrastructure in developing regions. Through this project, Jaramillo and her collaborators identified that the demand for electricity in rural communities is poorly understood and that energy system developers are observing unexpected trends in electricity demand.[21] Jaramillo and her team are also evaluating opportunities for productive uses of electricity that support utility business models.[22] Similarly, they have assessed options for "behind-the-meter" distributed energy systems to replace diesel generators prevalent in some Sub-Saharan African cities.[23]

For the 2016-2017 academic year, Jaramillo lived in Kigali, Rwanda and worked at the CMU Africa campus.[3] Jaramillo has suggested that witnessing first-hand the severity of air quality issues in the region, motivated her to analyze the linkage between unreliable electricity and emissions of local air pollutants in Sub-Saharan Africa.[24] That work also inspired the creation of the Africa qualité de l'air (AfriqAir) network. In partnership with several international organizations (including local institutions), AfriqAir is a new hybrid air quality monitoring network with over 50 low-cost sensors and reference-grade monitors, mainly in urban areas across 11 African countries. The research objectives of this project include evaluation of sensor performance across the different climates in Africa, integration of ground sensor data with satellite data to expand spatial data coverage, verification of air quality models, and investigation of air pollution health effects. In 2020, Jaramillo and her AfriqAir collaborators published the first paper evaluating air quality in Kigali, Rwanda.[25] Jaramillo and the AfriqAir team are now using the in-situ measurements from AfriqAir's hybrid sensor network, integrated with satellite-based measurements to deliver at-scale data products for air quality mapping. These methods and data can then be used for backcasting and forecasting air quality and performing source apportionment to identify specific sources of emissions.

In 2018, Jaramillo was selected to be a lead author for the report from Working Group III (WGIII) as part of the IPCC's 6th Assessment Report. WGIII is responsible for preparing the report about climate mitigation strategies, and Jaramillo was selected to co-author the chapter about mitigation in the Transportation Sector.[26] In August 2021, Jaramillo was promoted to the role of Coordinating Lead Author for the chapter. The final draft of the report was submitted for government review on November 1, 2021 and the final report will be released on April 4, 2022.[27][28]

Awards and honors

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  • 2019 College of Engineering Faculty Award[29]
  • 2019 Fenves Award for Systems Research[30]
  • 2020 Andrew Carnegie Fellow[31]

References

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  1. ^ "Episode 54: Paulina Jaramillo, Professor, Engineering and Public Policy, & Co-Director, Green Design Institute at Carnegie Mellon University". My Climate Journey. Retrieved 2021-04-24.
  2. ^ "Dr. Paulina Jaramillo - Gender Summit". gender-summit.com. Retrieved 2021-04-24.
  3. ^ a b c d "DEC Lunch: Dr. Paulina Jaramillo". Dartmouth News. Retrieved 2021-04-24.
  4. ^ Jaramillo, Paulina (2007). A life cycle comparison of coal and natural gas for electricity generation and the production of transportation fuels (PDF). OCLC 1039243743.
  5. ^ Jaramillo, Paulina; Griffin, W. Michael; Matthews, H. Scott (2007-09-01). "Comparative Life-Cycle Air Emissions of Coal, Domestic Natural Gas, LNG, and SNG for Electricity Generation". Environmental Science & Technology. 41 (17): 6290–6296. Bibcode:2007EnST...41.6290J. doi:10.1021/es063031o. ISSN 0013-936X. PMID 17937317.
  6. ^ "RenewElec Project Team". www.renewelec.org. Retrieved 2021-04-24.
  7. ^ Weis, Allison; Jaramillo, Paulina; Michalek, Jeremy (2014-02-15). "Estimating the potential of controlled plug-in hybrid electric vehicle charging to reduce operational and capacity expansion costs for electric power systems with high wind penetration". Applied Energy. 115: 190–204. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.10.017. ISSN 0306-2619.
  8. ^ Weis, Allison; Michalek, Jeremy J.; Jaramillo, Paulina; Lueken, Roger (2015-05-05). "Emissions and Cost Implications of Controlled Electric Vehicle Charging in the U.S. PJM Interconnection". Environmental Science & Technology. 49 (9): 5813–5819. Bibcode:2015EnST...49.5813W. doi:10.1021/es505822f. ISSN 0013-936X. PMID 25830471.
  9. ^ Oates, David Luke; Jaramillo, Paulina (2013-05-15). "Production cost and air emissions impacts of coal cycling in power systems with large-scale wind penetration". Environmental Research Letters. 8 (2): 024022. Bibcode:2013ERL.....8b4022O. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024022. ISSN 1748-9326. S2CID 15323491.
  10. ^ Rahmani, Mohsen; Jaramillo, Paulina; Hug, Gabriela (2016-08-01). "Implications of environmental regulation and coal plant retirements in systems with large scale penetration of wind power". Energy Policy. 95: 196–210. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2016.04.015. ISSN 0301-4215.
  11. ^ Craig, Michael T; Jaramillo, Paulina; Hodge, Bri-Mathias (2018-01-01). "Carbon dioxide emissions effects of grid-scale electricity storage in a decarbonizing power system". Environmental Research Letters. 13 (1): 014004. Bibcode:2018ERL....13a4004C. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aa9a78. ISSN 1748-9326. S2CID 158551154.
  12. ^ de Faria, Felipe A M; Jaramillo, Paulina; Sawakuchi, Henrique O; Richey, Jeffrey E; Barros, Nathan (2015-12-01). "Estimating greenhouse gas emissions from future Amazonian hydroelectric reservoirs". Environmental Research Letters. 10 (12): 124019. Bibcode:2015ERL....10l4019D. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/10/12/124019. ISSN 1748-9326. S2CID 53703263.
  13. ^ de Faria, Felipe A. M.; Jaramillo, Paulina (2017-12-01). "The future of power generation in Brazil: An analysis of alternatives to Amazonian hydropower development". Energy for Sustainable Development. 41: 24–35. doi:10.1016/j.esd.2017.08.001. ISSN 0973-0826.
  14. ^ Ralston Fonseca, Francisco; Jaramillo, Paulina; Bergés, Mario; Severnini, Edson (2019-06-01). "Seasonal effects of climate change on intra-day electricity demand patterns". Climatic Change. 154 (3): 435–451. Bibcode:2019ClCh..154..435R. doi:10.1007/s10584-019-02413-w. ISSN 1573-1480. S2CID 159118435.
  15. ^ Ralston Fonseca, Francisco; Craig, Michael; Jaramillo, Paulina; Bergés, Mario; Severnini, Edson; Loew, Aviva; Zhai, Haibo; Cheng, Yifan; Nijssen, Bart; Voisin, Nathalie; Yearsley, John (2021-08-17). "Climate-Induced Tradeoffs in Planning and Operating Costs of a Regional Electricity System". Environmental Science & Technology. 55 (16): 11204–11215. Bibcode:2021EnST...5511204R. doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c01334. ISSN 0013-936X. OSTI 1821890. PMID 34342972. S2CID 236914496.
  16. ^ Ralston Fonseca, Francisco; Craig, Michael; Jaramillo, Paulina; Bergés, Mario; Severnini, Edson; Loew, Aviva; Zhai, Haibo; Cheng, Yifan; Nijssen, Bart; Voisin, Nathalie; Yearsley, John (2021-02-16). "Effects of Climate Change on Capacity Expansion Decisions of an Electricity Generation Fleet in the Southeast U.S." Environmental Science & Technology. 55 (4): 2522–2531. Bibcode:2021EnST...55.2522R. doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c06547. ISSN 0013-936X. OSTI 1768871. PMID 33497216. S2CID 231755483.
  17. ^ Caceres, Ana Lucia; Jaramillo, Paulina; Matthews, H. Scott; Samaras, Constantine; Nijssen, Bart (2021-04-01). "Hydropower under climate uncertainty: Characterizing the usable capacity of Brazilian, Colombian and Peruvian power plants under climate scenarios". Energy for Sustainable Development. 61: 217–229. doi:10.1016/j.esd.2021.02.006. ISSN 0973-0826. S2CID 233525574.
  18. ^ "Open Energy Outlook". Retrieved 2022-03-17.
  19. ^ DeCarolis, Joseph F.; Jaramillo, Paulina; Johnson, Jeremiah X.; McCollum, David L.; Trutnevyte, Evelina; Daniels, David C.; Akın-Olçum, Gökçe; Bergerson, Joule; Cho, Soolyeon; Choi, Joon-Ho; Craig, Michael T. (2020-12-16). "Leveraging Open-Source Tools for Collaborative Macro-energy System Modeling Efforts". Joule. 4 (12): 2523–2526. doi:10.1016/j.joule.2020.11.002. ISSN 2542-4351. S2CID 229492155.
  20. ^ "e-GUIDE: Electricity Growth and Use in Developing Economies". e-GUIDE: Electricity Growth and Use in Developing Economies. Retrieved 2022-03-17.
  21. ^ Allee, Andrew; Williams, Nathaniel J.; Davis, Alexander; Jaramillo, Paulina (2021-06-01). "Predicting initial electricity demand in off-grid Tanzanian communities using customer survey data and machine learning models". Energy for Sustainable Development. 62: 56–66. doi:10.1016/j.esd.2021.03.008. ISSN 0973-0826. S2CID 233580160.
  22. ^ Izar-Tenorio, Jorge L; Jaramillo, Paulina; Williams, Nathan (2021-10-01). "Techno-economic feasibility of small-scale pressurized irrigation in Ethiopia, Rwanda, and Uganda through an integrated modeling approach". Environmental Research Letters. 16 (10): 104048. Bibcode:2021ERL....16j4048I. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac2d69. ISSN 1748-9326. S2CID 239032434.
  23. ^ Udeani, Chukwudi; Jaramillo, Paulina; Williams, Nathaniel J. (2021-01-01). "A techno-economic and environmental assessment of residential rooftop solar - Battery systems in grid-connected households in Lagos, Nigeria". Development Engineering. 6: 100069. doi:10.1016/j.deveng.2021.100069. hdl:10419/242326. ISSN 2352-7285. S2CID 238874311.
  24. ^ Dove, Adam. "When the power goes out, pollution rises". engineering.cmu.edu. Retrieved 2022-03-17.
  25. ^ R Subramanian (2020-08-27). "Air pollution in Kigali, Rwanda: spatial and temporal variability, source contributions, and the impact of car-free Sundays". Clean Air Journal. 30 (2). doi:10.17159/caj/2020/30/2.8023. ISSN 1017-1703. S2CID 229536618.
  26. ^ "IPCC Authors (beta)". archive.ipcc.ch. Retrieved 2022-03-17.
  27. ^ "IPCC distributes final draft of Working Group III report to governments — IPCC". Retrieved 2022-03-17.
  28. ^ "Media registration for Working Group III contribution to Sixth Assessment Report — IPCC". Retrieved 2022-03-17.
  29. ^ University, Carnegie Mellon (2019-06-04). "College of Engineering names 2019 faculty award winners - Electrical and Computer Engineering - College of Engineering - Carnegie Mellon University". www.ece.cmu.edu. Retrieved 2021-04-24.
  30. ^ "Fenves Award for Systems Research". engineering.cmu.edu. Retrieved 2021-04-24.
  31. ^ York, Carnegie Corporation of New. "Paulina Jaramillo". Carnegie Corporation of New York. Retrieved 2021-04-24.
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