Palpada
| Palpada | |
|---|---|
_(7558922774).jpg)
| |
| Palpada sp. | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Syrphidae |
| Subfamily: | Eristalinae |
| Tribe: | Eristalini |
| Subtribe: | Eristalina |
| Genus: | Palpada Macquart, 1854 |
| Type species | |
| Palpada scutellaris Fabricius, 1805
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Doliosyrphus Bigot, 1882a | |
Palpada is a genus of 85 neotropical and nearctic flower flies or hoverflies[1][2][3][4] This genus is often colorful and bee-like. It is in the tribe Eristaliini containing dozens of genera [1] Common sister genera include Eristalis (99 species), Meromacrus (43 sp.), Eristalinus (100 sp.) and Helophilus (50 sp.). The genus palpada is distinguished by:
- Eyes with uniform pile.
- Meron with fine pale hairs in front of or below spiracle.
- Hind femur with basal patch of dense black setulae.
- Cell r2+3 closed before wing margin.
- R4+5 moderately to strongly dipped into cell r4+5.[1]
The larvae are aquatic and have a distinctive shape, usually being referred to as rat-tailed. The rat-tail is a breathng tube that allows the larvae to live in low oxygen water.
Species
[edit]- P.aemula (Williston, 1891)
- P. agrorum (Fabricius, 1787)[5]
- P. aemula (Williston, 1891)
- P. albifrons (Wiedemann, 1830)
- P. albiventris (Bigot, 1880)
- P. alhambra (Hull, 1925) [5]
- P. amazon (Curran, 1930)
- P. atrimana (Loew, 1866)
- P. bequaerti (Hull, 1942)
- P. bistellata (Hull, 1935)
- P.braziliensis (Goot, 1964)
- P.caliginosa (Walker, 1849)
- P. chilena (Rondani, 1863)
- P. claripennis (Hull, 1949)
- P. clarissima (Giglio-tos, 1892)
- P.claudia (Curran, 1930)
- P. conica (Fabricius, 1805)
- P. cora (Hull, 1949)
- P. cordiformis (Morales, 2009)
- P. cosmia (Schiner, 1868)
- P. cyanea (Thunberg, 1819)
- P.diminuta (Walker, 1849)
- P. distinguenda (Wiedemann, 1830)
- P.doris (Curran, 1930)
- P. elegans (Blanchard, 1854)
- P. erratica (Curran, 1930)
- P.expicta (Walker, 1860)
- P. familiaris (Walker, 1860)
- P. fasciata (Wiedemann, 1819)
- P. fasciculata (Curran, 1938)
- P.flavipennis (Macquart, 1842)
- P. flavoscutellata (Hull, 1937)
- P. florea (Hull, 1925)
- P. fuliginosa (Hull, 1935)
- P. funerea (Rondani, 1850)
- P. furcata (Wiedemann, 1819)
- P. fuscipennis (Macquart, 1846)
- P. gagathina (Bigot, 1887)
- P. geniculata (Fabricius, 1805)
- P.hortorum (Fabricius, 1775)
- P. incubus (Hull, 1943)
- P. intermedia
- P.interrupta (Fabricius, 1805)
- P. inversa (Wiedemann, 1830)
- P. langi (Curran, 1934)
- P. lindneri (Thompson, 1999)
- P. macula (Sack, 1941)
- P. megafemur (Thompson, 1999 )
- P. meigenii (Wiedemann, 1830)
- P. melanaspis (Wiedemann, 1830)
- P. mexicana (Macquart, 1847) [6]
- P.minutalis (Williston, 1891)
- P. mirabilis (Hull, 1925)
- P.mitis
- P.monticola (Röder, 1886)
- P.nigripes (Wiedemann, 1830)
- P.obsoleta Wiedemann, 1830
- P.ochracea (Williston, 1888)
- P.panorama (Reemer & Morales, 2016)
- P.parvula (Williston, 1888)
- P.precipua (Williston, 1888)
- P.precipuus
- P. prietorum (Mengual, 2008)
- P.pusilla (Macquart, 1842)[7]
- P.pusio (Wiedemann, 1830)
- P.pusioides (Hull, 1951)
- P.pygolampa (Wiedemann, 1830)
- P.ruficeps (Macquart, 1842)
- P.rufipedes (Thompson, 1976)
- P.rufiventris (Macquart, 1846)
- P.rufoscutellata (Sack, 1921)
- P.schistacea (Williston, 1888)
- P.scopanthus (Hull, 1944)
- P.scutellaris (Fabricius, 1805)[8]
- P.semicirculus (Walker, 1852)
- P.signata (Lagrange, 1987)
- P.solennis (Walker, 1852)
- P.spectabilis (Hull, 1925)
- P.suprarufa (Thompson, 1999)
- P.taenia (Wiedemann, 1830)
- P.tatei (Curran, 1930)
- P.texana (Hull, 1925)[5]
- P.thalia (Hull, 1942)
- P.triangularis (Giglio-tos, 1892)
- P.urotaenia (Curran, 1930)
- P.vera (Hull, 1949)
- P.vierecki (Curran, 1930)
- P.vinetorum (Fabricius 1799)[5]
- P.xanthosceles (Thompson, 1981)
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References
[edit]- ^ a b c Thompson, F. Christian (2003). "Austalis, a new genus of flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) with revisionary notes on related genera" (pdf Adobe/Acobat). Zootaxa. 246. New Zealand: Magnolia Press: 1–19. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.246.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334. Retrieved 28 January 2011.
- ^ Thompson, F. C.; Vockeroth, J. R.; Sedman, Y. S. "A Catalogue of the Americas South of the United States: Family Syrphidae". São Paulo, Brasil: Museu de Zoologia. Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ Morales, M.N.; Marinoni, L. 2009: Cladistic analysis and taxonomic revision of the scutellaris group of Palpada Macquart (Diptera: Syrphidae). Invertebrate systematics, 23: 301–347. doi:10.1071/IS09006
- ^ Mengual, X.; Thompson, F. C. (2008). "A taxonomic review of the Palpada ruficeps species group, with the description of a new flower fly from Colombia (Diptera: Syrphidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1741. New Zealand: Magnolia Press: 31–36. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1741.1.3. hdl:10045/12251. Retrieved 22 December 2011.
- ^ a b c d Hull, Frank Montgomery (1925). "A Review of the Genus Eristalis Latreille in North America". The Ohio Journal of Science. 25: 11–45.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Macquart, P.J.M. (1847). Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Paris, Roret. pp. 5–104.
- ^ Macquart, Pierre-Justin-Marie (1842). Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Tome deuxieme.--2e partie. Paris: Roret. pp. 5–140. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
- ^ Fabricius, Johann Christian (1805). Systema antliatorum : secundum ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Brunsvigae. p. 372.?
External links
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