Jump to content

Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Operation Rakshak)
See also: Indian Armed Forces in Jammu and Kashmir

Army jawans performing yoga, on International Day of Yoga 2017, at Siachen.
The Chief of Army Staff Gen. Dalbir Singh Suhag paying homage to coffin of Late Rifleman Bishal Gurung of 31 GR, killed in the Thangdhar Sector of Kashmir on 25 May 2015, in New Delhi

Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir include security operations such as Operation Rakshak, which began in 1990, Operation Sarp Vinash in 2003 and Operation Randori Behak in 2020.[1][2] Other operations include humanitarian missions such as Operation Megh Rahat and operations with a social aim such as Operation Goodwill and Operation Calm Down.[3][4] The Indian Army works in tandem with the other arms of the Indian Armed Forces and security forces in Jammu and Kashmir such as during Mission Sahayata or joint operations.

Security Impact

[edit]

Operation Rakshak

[edit]

Operation Rakshak is an ongoing counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism operation started during the height of insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir in June 1990. The operation adapted itself from being merely a "show of strength" in 1990 to encompassing more areas in 1991 such as orders "not to enter the houses of civilians", "not to smoke in religious places" and "not to damage standing crops".[5] 753 Indian army personnel died during Operation Rakshak between 2007 and 2015.[6]

Major Mohit Sharma, who was killed while performing duties under Operation Rakshak, was posthumously awarded India's highest peacetime gallantry award ‘Ashok Chakra’ on 15 August 2009.[7] Corporal Jyoti Prakash Nirala was also killed during Operation Rakshak 18 November 2017, and was posthumously awarded the Ashok Chakra on 25 January 2018.[8] The Operation Rakshak Memorial is located in Badami Bagh Cantonment, Srinagar.[9]

Operation All Out

[edit]
"Operation All Out" redirects here. For the 2014 Assam operation, see Operation All Out (Assam).
Operation All Out in Jammu & Kashmir[30]

Map of the Kashmir
Date26 December 2014 – present
Location
Jammu & Kashmir
Result Ongoing
Belligerents

 India

  • All Parties Hurriyat Conference
  • Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
  • Jamaat-e-Islami Kashmir
  • United Jihad Council
  • Lashkar-e-Taiba
  • Jaish-e-Mohammed
  • Hizbul Mujahideen
  • People’s Anti-Fascist Front
  • Dukhtaran-e-Millat[10][11][12][13]
  • Harkat-ul-Mujahideen
  • Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami
  • Al-Badr
  • Other separatist Movements & Insurgent militant groups[14][15][16][17][18][19]

    • Supported by:

    Supported by:

    Commanders and leaders

    India Droupadi Murmu
    (President)
    India Narendra Modi
    (Prime Minister)
    India Amit Shah
    (Minister of Home Affairs)
    India Subrahmanyam Jaishankar
    (Ministry of External Affairs)
    Dr.Sujoy Lal Thaosen
    (Director General)
    Anil Chauhan
    (Chief of Defence Staff)
    Manoj Pande
    (Chief of the Army Staff)
    Vivek Ram Chaudhari
    (Chief of the Air Staff)
    Rajnath Singh
    (Minister of Defence)
    Giridhar Aramane
    (Defence Secretary)

    Former

    Syed Ali Shah Geelani (until 2020)
    Masarat Alam Bhat (Present 2021)[31]
    Mohammad Abbas Ansari
    Amanullah Khan
    Hafiz Saeed
    Maulana Azhar
    Ilyas Kashmiri †
    Zakir Rashid Bhat †
    Sayeed Salahudeen
    Burhan Wani †
    Asiya Andrabi
    Fazlur Rehman Khalil
    Farooq Kashmiri
    Arfeen Bhai
    Bakht Zameen
    Yasir Ahmed  (POW)

    Islamic State-aligned

    Dawood Ahmed Sofi †[29]
    Strength

    [35]
    (Nov 2019, including soldier posted at international border (LoC))

    		Unknown
    Casualties and losses

    26 killed (2015)
    55 killed (2016)[36]
    78 killed (2017)[37]

    41 killed (2018)
    78 killed (2019)    		 108 militants killed, 67 arrested (2015)
    150 militants killed, 79 arrested (2016)
    213 militants killed, 97 arrested (2017)
    257 militants killed, 12 arrested (2018)
    163 militants killed, 10 arrested (2019)[36][38]

    Operation All Out (OAO) a joint offensive launched by Indian security forces in 2017 to flush out militants and terrorists in Kashmir until there is complete peace in the state. Operation All-Out includes the Indian Army, CRPF, Jammu and Kashmir Police, BSF and IB. It was launched against numerous militant groups including Lashkar-e-Taiba, Jaish-e-Mohammed, Hizbul Mujahideen and Al-Badr.[1][39][40][41]

    The operation was initiated with the consent of Ministry for Home Affairs Government of India following the unrest in 2016 due to the death of Burhan Wani and subsequent militant and terrorist attacks in the region such as the Amarnath Yatra terror attack on 10 July 2017 in which 08 Hindu pilgrims were killed and at least 18 others injured.[40][42]

    On 14 January 2019, the Jammu and Kashmir Governor, Satya Pal Malik, said that there was no such thing as Operation All Out and that the phrase was a misnomer:[43][44]

    “I deny the existence of ‘Operation All-Out’ [...] but someone using bullets can’t expect flowers in return. [...] Security forces always retaliate when they are attacked by militants.”

    — Jammu and Kashmir governor, Satya Pal Malik, [43]

    Operation Calm Down

    [edit]

    Operation Calm Down was started by the Indian army in Jammu and Kashmir following the aftermath of the death of Burhan Wani in July 2016 which had led to unrest in Kashmir in which more than 90 civilians and 2 security personnel were killed and thousands injured.[4] It was started in September 2016. Over 4000 additional troops were deployed as part of Operation Calm Down to bring back order to the region, but direct instructions were given to the troops to use minimal force. The troops were mainly deployed in South Kashmir.[45][46][47] Schools, shops and connectivity to some regions in Kashmir had been lost for over three months due to the unrest and militancy and Operation Calm Down aimed to undo this.[48]

    Operation Sarp Vinash

    [edit]

    Operation Sarp Vinash (Snake Destroyer) was an operation undertaken by Indian army to flush out terrorists who made bases in the Hilkaka Poonch-Surankot area of the Pir Panjal range in Jammu and Kashmir during April–May 2003.[49] 64 terrorists belonging to various jihadist outfits were killed in operation.[50][51] The system of hideouts used by the terrorists found during this operation was the largest ever in the known history of insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir.[52][53]

    Over several years, terrorists of groups like Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), Harkat-ul-Jihad-e-Islami, al-Badr and Jaish-e-Mohammad (JeM) had been building up safe houses and bunkers in strategic areas of the region of Pir Panjal in Poonch measuring 150 sq kilometers.[54]

    The network of bunkers and shelters around the region known as Hill Kaka in Surankote numbered nearly over a hundred, and were intermingled with shelters used by local herdsmen. 9 Para-SF were called to capture Peak 3689 in Hill Kaka after surveillance picked up footprints converging at one location. In this operation, 13 terrorists were killed, the single largest number during Op. Sarp Vinash. 6 Rashtriya Rifles, 163th Brigade, 100th Brigade and the 15th Corps were also called in for operations.[55] From diaries captured from killed terrorists, the presence of a rudimentary counter-intelligence system of the terrorist organisations was revealed, which involved killing women and children who had given up information to Indian security forces. An extensive communications system using portable satellite phones was also found which allowed the terrorists to contact handlers in Pakistan and India.[56] Paratrooper Sanjog Chhetri, 9 Para (SF), was awarded an Ashoka Chakra in 2004 posthumously for his role in the Operation Sarp Vinash in which he succumbed.[57] During Operation Sarp Vinash, media claims of different Indian media houses about what actually happened during the operation were hyped and very contradictory.[58]

    Operation Madad (Goodwill)

    [edit]

    Operation Madad, also referred to as Operation Goodwill, was launched in Jammu and Kashmir by the Indian Army under their Military Civic Action programmes aimed at "Winning the Hearts and Minds" (WHAM) of the people in the region. Madad literally means 'harmony', therefore the operation can also be translated as Operation Harmony. The catchphrase of the operation is "Jawan aur Awam, Aman Hai Muqaam" (peace is the destination for both the people and the soldier).[59][60][61]

    Students from Jammu and Kashmir supported by ‘Kashmir Super 30’ Project who have qualified for the JEE (Main & Advance), 2017-18, interacting with General Bipin Rawat.
    Students of Super-40 from Kashmir interacting with General Rawat in New Delhi, 2017.

    Welfare initiatives under Operation Sadbhavana include infrastructure development, medical care, women and youth empowerment, educational tours and sports tournaments among other initiatives. Over 450 crore rupees (70 million US$) has been directly spent on this programme and more funding provided through donors.[3] The projects are planned according to the needs and desires of the local population and are handed over to the state government after successful initiation. 'Operation Sadbhavana' is a resolve by the Indian army to come closer to the population in Jammu and Kashmir and develop mutual faith and trust which the army gets across the rest of India.[62][63]

    Background

    [edit]

    Operation Sadbhavana was officially launched in 1998, especially in rural areas near the Line of Control (LOC) where insurgency and militancy had caused destruction to property and a sense of alienation among the people of Jammu and Kashmir from the rest of India.[3][62]

    Initiatives

    [edit]

    Kashmir Super-30 & Super-40

    In 2013, the Indian Army teamed up with the New Delhi-based NGO, Centre for Social Responsibility and Leadership (CSRL), to launch the Super-30 initiative along the lines of the highly acclaimed and successful Super-30 concept started by Abhayanand in Bihar. Over time the initiative included more students and was subsequently called the Army Super-40, and soon will become the Army Super-50. Nine students of the 2016-17 Army Super-40 batch cleared the difficult IIT-JEE advanced examination. Various Indian organizations have provided funding for this project including Power Grid India contributing for the first batch, the Rural Electrification Council (REC) contributing for the second batch and the TATA Relief Committee funding the third batch.[64][65][66]

    Schools

    The Indian Army has established 53 English medium Army Goodwill Schools in places in Jammu and Kashmir such as Rajouri, Poonch, Boniyar, Uri (Baramulla), Khanabal (Anantnag), Karu (Leh), Kargil and Chandigam (Kupwara). Assistance has also been provided to approximately 2700 public schools. These army schools are known to provide undisturbed and good quality education even during times of unrest.[67] Army Goodwill Schools operating under the shelter of Operation Sadbhavana are educating more than 10,000 students in the Kashmir Valley itself and over 14,000 students in Jammu and Kashmir.[68][69]

    Women Empowerment Centres

    Here women are taught various skills, awareness is raised about health and birth control, information regarding banking and loan procedures is imparted, basic education is imparted including operating computers, fashion designing and craft related skills. Under this initiative centers such as the Women's Vocational Training Centre, Poonch, Usha Fashion Design School, Baramulla and Women Empowerment Centre, Baramulla have been set up.[70]

    A group of students from Poonch & Rajouri, who are on educational tour under ‘Sadbhavana Operation’ meeting the Union Minister for New and Renewable Energy, Farooq Abdullah, in New Delhi on 17 February 2012.

    Educational/Motivational Tours

    The 12th President of India, Pratibha Devisingh Patil with the members of the National Integration Tour for senior citizens of Operation Sadbhavana from Mendhar Tehsil, Jammu and Kashmir, in New Delhi on March 9, 2009

    Between 2012 and 2015, the Indian army conducted over 250 educational, national integration and capacity building tours (CBTs) and in each tour around 30 members are accommodated.[71][72] The members of the tour get to visit places such as Punjab, Dehradun, Kerala, Kolkata, Bhubaneswar, Gopalpur, Agra and New Delhi which each tour being unique in its own way.[73] The students also get to interact with students in India, administrative and government officials, which sometimes also includes the President and Prime Minister of India,[74][75][76][77] as well as other figures.[78][79] For many of the Kashmiri children on tours, they get the opportunity for the first time to travel outside Kashmir.[80][81]

    Model Villages

    Model Villages set up under Operation Sadbhavana include Chandigam Model Village, Lolab (Kupwara) and Sagra Model Village, Mendhar (Poonch).[citation needed]

    Health Care

    Medical Camps are conducted on a regular basis by the Indian army. A Military Hospital in Kargil has also been set up which also caters to civilians with various services being free of cost. The Pritam Spiritual Foundation (Poonch) under Operation Sadbhavana has provided artificial limbs free of cost to over 3100 people who have been victims of militancy, mine blasts or crossborder firing.[59] Under operation Sadbhavana veterinary aid camps and free treatment to civil animals are also offered.[82]

    Sports

    The Indian army organises various sporting events in Jammu and Kashmir in coordination with local sports bodies. Some events that has been conducted under this initiative includes the Kashmir Premier League,[83] Baramulla Girls Badminton League, Baramulla Cricket Premier League, Kupwara Premier Football League, Gingle Volleyball League. As many thirty two teams participated in the cricket tournament even as sixteen teams participated in the football tournament.[84]

    Operation Megh Rahat

    [edit]
    Main article: Indian Armed Forces and the Jammu and Kashmir floods, 2014

    In September 2014, Jammu and Kashmir witnessed severe flooding in many areas. The rainfall and flooding resulted in people dying on both sides of the border.[85][86] The Indian Armed Forces were deployed to conduct search, rescue, relief (NDRF and other local bodies also coordinated efforts). Nearly 30,000 troops were deployed.[87] By mid-September, over 200,000 people were rescued by the Armed forces.[88] While the Army's Northern Command response was called Operation Megh Rahat,[87] the Armed Forces assistance as a whole was called Mission Sahayata.[89][90]

    • Army personnel building a bridge over Poonch River to re-establish connectivity in Poonch during September 2014.
      Army personnel building a bridge over Poonch River to re-establish connectivity in Poonch during September 2014.
    • Indian Air Force helicopters carrying out rescue and evacuation of people marooned during the floods in Jammu and Kashmir
      Indian Air Force helicopters carrying out rescue and evacuation of people marooned during the floods in Jammu and Kashmir
    • Relief materials are being loaded in an Indian Air Force helicopter for distribution among the flood affected people
      Relief materials are being loaded in an Indian Air Force helicopter for distribution among the flood affected people
    • Armed forces carry out rescue and relief during the floods in Jammu and Kashmir
      Armed forces carry out rescue and relief during the floods in Jammu and Kashmir

    Militant fatalities since 1990

    [edit]

    Encounters generally increase in the summer season when the snow melts on the high Himalayan peaks dividing Indian- and Pakistani-administered Kashmir, making it easier for trained militants to cross over into the Indian side.[91] The Indian Army changes its strategy in summer which included redeployment as per summer infiltration routes along the LoC.[92]

    [93][94][95][96]

    Timeline

    [edit]

    Summary

    [edit]
    A tabular view of the number of militants killed
    Year 2017 2018
    January 12 13
    February 10 6
    March 9 23
    April 8 19
    May 16 18
    June 21 26
    July 27 11
    August 25 25
    September 16 31
    October 17 26
    November 19 37
    December 12 -

    2017

    [edit]

    A total of 213 militants were killed under the operation by the Indian security forces in 2017. The security forces were able to persuade 82 youth to abandon militancy and come back. 78 security personnel were also killed in militant related violence.[97][98][99]

    January

    • On 2 January, one militant was killed in the Tarzoo area of Haritar village in Sopore, Baramulla district.[100]
    • On 6 January, one Al-Badr militant, Muzzafar Ahmed, was killed in Machu area of Budgam district.[101]
    • On 10 January, one militant was killed in Hajin area of Bandipora district.[102]
    • On 11 January, two militants were killed during an infiltration bid in Betar Nala of Poonch Sector.[103]
    • On 15 January, three militants were killed in Pahalgam area of Anantnag district.[104]
    • On 18 January, one militant was killed in Hajin village of Bandipora district.[105]
    • On 24 January, two militants were killed in Hadoora area of Ganderbal district.[106] Another militant was killed during an infiltration bid Sunderbani sector of Rajouri district.[107]

    February

    • On 4 February, two militants were killed in Amargarh area of Baramulla district.[108]
    • On 11 February, four Hizbul Mujahideen and Lashkar-e-Taiba militants and two Indian Army soldiers were killed in Frisal village of Kulgam district.[109]
    • On 13 February, one militant and three Indian Army soldiers were killed in Hajin area of Bandipora district.[110]
    • On 14 February, three militants and an Indian Army major were killed in Hajan, Handwara district.[111]
    • On 22 February, three Indian Army soldiers of 44 Rashtriya Rifles unit were killed in an attack on army convoy by Hizbul Mujahideen militants in Shopian district.[112]

    March

    • On 4 March, two Hizbul Mujahideen militants and a police constable were killed in Tral village of Pulwama district.[113]
    • On 9 March, two Lashkar-e-Taiba militants and a civilian were killed in Padgampora village of Pulwama district.[114] Another Hizbul Mujahideen militant was killed near a police station in Bandipora district.[115]
    • On 15 March, three militants and a civilian were killed in Jugtiyal village of Kupwara district.[116]
    • On 22 March, one militant and three civilians were killed in Chadoora area of Budgam district.[117]

    April

    • On 9 April, four militants were killed during an infiltration bid in Keran sector of Kupwara district.[118]
    • On 22 April, two Lashkar-e-Taiba militants were killed in Hayatpora village of Chadoora, Budgam district.[119]
    • On 26 April, two militants and three Indian Army soldiers were killed in an attack on an Indian Army garrison in Chowkibal's Panzgam area, Kupwara district.[120]

    May

    • On 14 May, two Lashkar-e-Taiba militants were killed in Waripora village of Handwara, Kupwara district.[121]
    • On 20 May, two militants and two Indian Army soldiers were killed during an infiltration bid in Naugam sector of Kupwara district.[122]
    • On 26 May, six militants were killed during an infiltration bid in Rampur sector.[123] Two Hizbul Mujahideen militants were killed in Saimuh near Hardumir, Tral, Pulwama district.[124] Also, two militants of BAT were killed in Uri sector of Baramulla district.[125]
    • On 31 May, two militants were killed in Nathipora village of Sopore, Baramulla district.[126]

    June

    • On 7 June, three militants and one Indian Army soldier were killed during an infiltration bid in Naugam sector of Kupwara district.[127]
    • On 9 June, five militants were killed during an infiltration bid in Uri sector of Baramulla district.[128]
    • On 10 June, one militant was killed during an infiltration bid in Gurez sector of Bandipora district.[129]
    • On 16 June, three Lashkar-e-Taiba militants, including Junaid Mattoo, were killed in Arwani village of Bijbihara, Anantnag District.[130]
    • On 20 June, two Hizbul Mujahideen militants were killed in Pazalpora village of Sopore, Baramulla district.[131]
    • On 21 June, three Lashkar-e-Taiba militants were killed in Kakapora area of Pulwama district.[132]
    • On 22 June, two militants were killed during an infiltration bid in Keran sector of Kupwara district.[133]
    • On 25 June, two Lashkar-e-Taiba militants were killed in Delhi Public School (DPS) complex in Srinagar.[134]

    July

    • On 1 July, two Lashkar-e-Taiba militants and two civilians were killed in Brenti village of Anantnag district.[135]
    • On 3 July, three militants were killed in Bamnoo area of Pulwama district.[136]
    • On 9 July, three militants were killed during an infiltration bid in Naugam sector of Kupwara district.[137][138]
    • On 11 July, three Hizbul Mujahideen militants were killed in Radbugh village, Magam area of Budgam district.[139]
    • On 15 July, three militants were killed in Satora area of Tral.[140]
    • On 17 July, two militants were killed during an infiltration bid in Gurez sector of Bandipora district.[141] Three Lashkar-e-Taiba militants involved in the 2017 Amarnath Yatra attack were also killed in Wanihama of Anantnag district.[142]
    • On 22 July, a militant was killed during an infiltration bid in Machil sector of Kupwara district.[143]
    • On 26 July, three militants were killed during an infiltration bid in Gurez sector of Bandipora district.[144]
    • On 29 July, two militants were killed in Tahab area of Pulwama district.[145]
    • On 31 July, a militant was killed in an infiltration bid in Rampur sector and another militant was killed in Turna village of Uri sector, Baramulla district.[146]

    August

    • On 1 August, two Lashkar-e-Taiba militants, including Abu Dujana, and a civilian were killed in Hakripora village of Pulwama district.[147]
    • On 2 August, two militants were killed in Gopalpora area of Kulgam district.[148]
    • On 3 August, one Hizbul Mujahideen militant was killed at Kanibal in Bijbehara of Anantnag district.[149]
    • On 4 August, three Lashkar-e-Taiba militants were killed in Amargarh area of Sopore district.[150]
    • On 6 August, a Lashkar-e-Taiba militant was killed in Samboora area of Pulwama district.[151]
    • On 7 August, five militants were killed during an n infiltration bid in Machil sector of Kupwara district.[152]
    • On 9 August, three Ansar Ghazwat-ul-Hind militants were killed in Gulab Bagh area of Tral, Pulwama district.[153]
    • On 12 August, three Hizbul Mujahideen militants including, Yaseen Itoo, and two Indian Army soldiers were killed in Awneera village of Shopian district.[154]
    • On 16 August, a Lashkar-e-Taiba district commander was killed in Pulwama district.[155]
    • On 22 August, a militant was killed in Haphruda forest area of Handwara, Kupwara district.[156]
    • On 26 August, three militants, four CRPF personnel and four J&K policemen were killed in an attack on a CRPF camp in Pulwama district.[157]

    September

    • On 1 September, one Lashkar-e-Taiba militant was killed in Tantray Pora of Kulgam district. The militant was suspected to be involved in the killing of Lt Ummer Fayaz.[158]
    • On 4 September, two Lashkar-e-Taiba militants were killed in Shanker Gund Brath area of Sopore district.[159]
    • On 9 September, one Hizbul Mujahideen militant was killed in Reban village of Sopore district.[160]
    • On 10 September, two Hizbul Mujahideen militants were killed in Khudwani area of Kulgam district. Two more Hizbul Mujahideen militants were killed and one surrendered in Barbugh area of Shopian district.[161][162]
    • On 14 September, two Lashkar-e-Taiba militants were killed in Aribagh area of Nowgam. One of the militant killed was Abu Ismail who was responsible for the 2017 Amarnath Yatra attack[163] Another Hizbul Mujahideen militant was arrested from Bandipora district.[164]
    • 2 militants were killed in an infiltration bid in Machil sector of Kupwara district on 15 September.[165]
    • On 25 September, four militants were killed at Kalgai village in Uri sector. Another militant was killed in the Zorawar area of Uri district.[166]

    October

    • Four Jaish-e-Mohammed militants and one BSF soldier were killed in an attack on a 182nd battalion (BSF) camp near Srinagar airport on 1 October.[167]
    • On 2 October, two militants were killed in an infiltration bid in Rampur sector, Baramulla district and three militant were killed in another bid in Tangdhar sector, Kupwara district.[168]
    • On 9 October, one Jaish-e-Mohammed militant was killed by Special Operations Group in Ladoora, Baramulla district and another Jaish-e-Mohammed militant was killed in Gatipora, Shopian district.[169][170]
    • Two militants of unknown affiliation and two Garud commandos were killed in Hajin, Bandipora district on 10 October.[171][172]
    • On 13 October, two Lashkar-e-Taiba militants, including a commander, were killed in Litter, Pulwama district and one Hizbul Mujahideen militant was arrested in Tral, Pulwama district.[173][174]
    • One police driver, Khurshid Ahmad, was killed and another constable injured on 14 October during a militant attack in Damhal Hanjipora, Kulgam district.[175]
    • On 16 October, a former sarpanch, Ramzan Sheikh, was killed by three militants in Imam Sahib, Shopian district.[176]
    • A police officer was killed by militants in Tral, Pulwama district.[177]
    • On 21 October, a militant was killed in Langate, Kupwara district.[178]
    • Two militants and one SOG personnel were killed on 28 October in Hajin, Bandipora district.[179]

    November

    • Five CRPF personnel of the 96th battalion were injured when militants opened fired on their vehicle on 1 November in Anantnag district.[180]
    • On 2 November, a Hizbul Mujahideen militant and two Indian Army soldiers were killed while one CRPF personnel was injured Samboora, Pulwama district.[181]
    • On 3 November, an infiltration bid along the LOC was foiled and a militant was killed in Kupwara district.[182]
    • One Hizbul Mujahideen militant and one Indian army soldier were killed on 14 November in Qazigund, Kulgam district.[183]
    • On 18 November, six Lashkar-e-Taiba militants and a Garud commando were killed in Hajin, Bandipora district. This included Zargam Bhai and Mehmood Bhai, Lashkar-e-Taiba commanders, and Owaid, nephew of Zakiur Rehman Lakhvi.[184]
    • On 20 November, three Lashkar-e-Taiba militants were killed in Magam, Budgam district.[185] Another militant was killed in forest area of Tral, Pulwama district.[186]
    • On 22 November, one militant and one Indian army soldier were killed during an infiltration bid along the LOC.[187]
    • On 24 November, one Lashkar-e-Taiba militant was arrested from forest area of Kupwara district.[188]
    • On 30 November, four Jaish-e-Mohammed militants were killed in Pakherpora, Budgam district and a Lashkar-e-Taiba militant was killed in Sopore, Baramulla district. One security force personnel was also injured.[189]

    December

    • On 4 December, three Lashkar-e-Taiba militants involved in the 2017 Amarnath Yatra attack were killed in Anantnag district. One militant who fled from the site was arrested.[190]
    • On 10 December, three Lashkar-e-Taiba militants were killed in Unisoo village of Handwara, Kupwara district.[191]
    • Two militants, including Tanveer Bhat, were killed on 18 December in Shopian district.[192]
    • A Jaish-e-Mohammed militant, Noor Mohammad Tantray, was killed on 25 December in Pulwama district.[193][194]
    • Three Jaish-e-Mohammed militants and five CRPF personnel were killed in an attack on the group training center of 185th battalion in Lethpora, Pulwama district.[195]

    2018

    [edit]

    As of 28 November 2018, a total of 222 militants and 41 security personnel have been killed in operations. A unilateral ceasefire was declared by the Indian Government from 14 May to 17 June where the security forces were asked not to launch new operations during Ramadan.[99][196][197]

    Date Number of militants Militants

    affiliation

    		Number of security

    forces killed

    		Security forces affiliation Number of

    civilians killed

    		Area Notes References
    Killed Arrested
    6 January - - Jaish-e-Mohammed 4 Jammu and Kashmir Police - Sopore, Baramulla district Killed in an IED blast [198]
    8 January 3 - - - - Patrigam, Budgam district [199]
    9 January 2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - - Kokernag, Anantnag district 9 sympathizers arrested [200][201]
    15 January 6 - Jaish-e-Mohammed - Indian Army, CRPF, J&K Police - Uri sector, Baramulla district Killed in an infiltration bid [202][203]
    24 January 2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - 44 RR, 14 CRPF, J&K Police 1 Dairoo's Chaigund, Shopian district [204]
    12 February 2 - Lashkar-e-Taiba 1 23 CRPF - Karan Nagar, Srinagar Attack on a CRPF camp [205]
    2 - - - Harpora area, Shopian district [206]
    26 February 1 - Hizbul Mujahideen - - Tral, Pulwama district Attack on Tral police station [207]
    27 February 1 - Lashkar-e-Taiba - - Hajin, Bandipora district [208]
    4 March 1 - - - - Phoan, Shopian district 3 accomplices also killed [209]
    5 March 1 - Jaish-e-Mohammed - 50 RR - Hatwar, Awantipora, Pulwama district Mastermind of the 2018 Sunjuwan attack [210]
    11 March 3 Tehreek-ul-Mujahideen - Indian Army, CRPF, SOG - Hakru, Anantnag district [211][212]
    15 March 2 - - - - Balhama, Pulwama district [213]
    20 March 4 - - - Arampora, Kupwara district [214]
    22 March 5 - Lashkar-e-Taiba 5 Indian Army, TA, CRPF, J&K Police - Halmatpora, Kupwara district [215]
    23 March 2 - Jaish-e-Mohammed - 19 RR, CRPF, J&K Police - Dooru, Anantnag district [216][217]
    24 March 1 - - - Arizal village, Budgam district [218]
    28 March 4 - - - Sunderbani, Rajouri district [219]
    1 April 5 - Lashkar-e-Taiba,

    Hizbul Mujahideen

    		3 3 Kachdoora, Shopian district Ishfaq Malik and Rayees Thokar, responsible for the murder of Ummer Fayaz [220][221][222]
    7 - - 1 Draggad village, Shopian district
    1 1 - - Dialgam, Anantnag district
    6 April 1 - - - Kangan village, Pulwama district [223]
    - 1 Lashkar-e-Taiba - 41 RR, 98 CRPF, J&K Police - Halmatpora, Kupwara district [224]
    11 April Lashkar-e-Taiba 1 4 Wani Mohalla, Khudwani Kulgam Militants escaped [225]
    24 April 4 - Hizbul Mujahideen 2 42 RR, CRPF, J&K Police - Tral, Pulwama district [226]
    30 April 2 - - 44 RR, CRPF, J&K Police - Drabgam, Pulwama district [227]
    5 May 3 - Lashkar-e-Taiba - CRPF, SOG - Chattabal, Srinagar district [228][229]
    6 May 5 - Hizbul Mujahideen - 23 Para, 44 RR, 34 RR,

    3 RR, CRPF, SOG

    		- Badigam, Shopian district [230][231][232]
    8 May - 4 - - - - Sopore, Baramulla district In addition, 7 OGW's arrested [233]
    19 May 3 - - - - - Handwara, Kupwara district [234][235]
    26 May 5 - - - Indian Army - Tangdhar sector, Kupwara district [236][237]
    28 May - - - 1 50 RR 1 Kakapora, Pulwama district Attack on 50 RR camp [238][239]
    31 May 2 - - - 32 RR - Handwara, Kupwara district [240][241]
    3 June 1 - - - - - Keran sector, Kupwara district [242]
    6 June 3 - - - Indian Army - Macchil sector, Kupwara district [243]
    7 June - - - 1 6 RR - Keran sector, Kupwara district [244]
    10 June 6 - - - Indian Army - [245]
    12 June - - - 2 J&K Police - Pulwama [246]
    14 June 2 - - 1 4 RR, 22 RR, 52 RR,

    18 RR, 28 RR, 27 RR,

    31 RR, 3 Para

    		- Panar, Bandipora district [247]
    18 June 2 - - - - [248][249]
    20 June 3 - Jaish-e-Mohammed - RR, CRPF, SOG - Tral, Pulwama district [250]
    22 June 4 - ISJK 1 RR, CRPF, SOG 1 Srigufwara, Anantnag district [251]
    24 June 2 1 Lashkar-e-Taiba - RR, CRPF, SOG 1 Chadderbhan, Kulgam district [252]
    29 June 1 - - - Indian Army - Trehgam, Kupwara district [253]
    1 - - - Indian Army 1 Chatapora, Pulwama district [254][255][256]
    6 July - - - 1 J&K Police - Shopian district [257]
    8 July 1 - - - - - Handwara, Kupwara district [258]
    10 July 2 - Jaish-e-Mohammed - RR, CRPF, SOG 1 Kundullan, Shopian district [259][260]
    11 July 1 - - 1 Para SF - Menganwar, Kupwara district [261]
    15 July 1 - - - Indian Army - Safawali Gali, Kupwara district [262]
    - - - 1 J&K Police - Pulwama district [263]
    21 July 3 - - 1 Indian Army - Redwani, Kulgam district [264][265]
    24 July 2 - Lashkar-e-Taiba - Indian Army - Lal Chowk, Anantnag district [266]
    26 July 1 - - - Indian Army - Sodul village, Handwara, Kupwara district [267]
    2 August 2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - Indian Army - Kumrial, Kupwara district [268]
    3 August 2 - - - Indian Army - Sopore, Baramulla district [269]
    3 August 5 - - - Indian Army - Kiloora, Shopian district [270]
    7 August 2 - - 4 Indian Army - Gurez sector, Bandipora district [271]
    8 August 5 - - - Para, RR, SOG - Rafiabad, Baramulla district [272][273]
    18 August 3 - - - Indian Army - Tangdhar sector, Kupwara district [274]
    19 August 1 - - - Indian Army - Uri sector, Baramulla district [275]
    23 August 1 - Jaish-e-Mohammed - Indian Army - Vailoo, Kokernag, Anantnag district [276]
    28 August 2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - Indian Army - Khanabal, Anantnag district [277]
    29 August - - Jaish-e-Mohammed 4 J&K Police - Bongam, Shopian district [278][279]
    30 August 2 - - - Indian Army - Hajin, Bandipora district [280]
    1 September 3 - - 1 Indian Army - Danna, Bandipora district [281]
    10 September 2 - Lashkar-e-Taiba - Indian Army - Handwara, Kupwara district
    13 September 2 - Jaish-e-Mohammed - Indian Army - Chinkipora, Baramulla district [282]
    3 - - Jhajjar-Kotli forest, Reasi district [283]
    15 September 5 - Hizbul Mujahideen, Lashkar-e-Taiba - Indian Army - Chowgam, Kulgam district [284]
    21 September 5 - Lashkar-e-Taiba - Indian Army - Sumblar, Bandipora district [285]
    23 September 1 - - - Indian Army - Tral, Pulwama district [286]
    24 September 5 - - 1 Indian Army - Tangdhar sector, Kupwara district [287]
    25 September 2 - Jaish-e-Mohammed - Indian Army - Tujjar, Sopore, Baramulla district [282]
    27 September 1 - Lashkar-e-Taiba 1 Indian Army - Gazigund, Anantnag district [288][289]
    2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - - Panzam, Budgam district
    9 October - 4 Hizbul Mujahideen - J&K Police Pulwama district [290]
    11 October 2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - Indian Army - Handwara, Kupwara district [291]
    12 October 1 1 Hizbul Mujahideen - 55 RR, CRPF, SOG - Babagund, Pulwama district [292]
    17 October 1 - Tehreek-ul-Mujahideen - Indian Army - Dougam, Pulwama district [293]
    18 October 3 - - - Indian Army - Uri sector, Baramulla district [294]
    20 October 3 - Jaish-e-Mohammed - Indian Army 3 Laroo, Kulgam district [295][296]
    23 October 2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - 55 RR, CRPF, SOG - Nowgam, Srinagar [297]
    25 October 2 - - - Indian Army, SOG - Authoora, Baramulla district [298]
    4 - - - Indian Army, SOG - Bijbehara's Arwani, Anantnag district [297][298]
    2 - - 1 Indian Army - Sopore, Baramulla district [299]
    30 October 2 - Jaish-e-Mohammed - Indian Army - Chaanketaar, Tral, Pulwama district [300]
    31 October 2 - - - 53 RR - Zagoo, Khansahib, udgam district [301]
    1 November 1 - - - Indian Army - Handwara, Kupwara district [302]
    2 November - 1 Al-Badr - J&K Police - Handwara, Kupwara district [303]
    3 November 2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - Indian Army - Khudpora, Shopian district [304]
    5 November 2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - Indian Army - Safanagri, Zainapora, Shopian district [305]
    9 November 2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - Indian Army - Tikken, Pulwama district [306]
    11 November 1 - Jaish-e-Mohammed 1 Indian Army - Chattipra, Handwara, Kupwara district [307][308]
    13 November 1 - - - Indian Army - Akhnoor sector, Jammu district [309][310]
    2 - - - Indian Army - Keran sector, Kupwara district
    17 November 2 - Al-Badr - Indian Army, J&K Police - Rebian, Shopian district [311]
    19 November 4 Hizbul Mujahideen 1 23 Para, CRPF Nadigam, Shopian district [312][313]
    23 November 6 Hizbul Mujahideen, Lashkar-e-Taiba - 3 RR, SOG - Sekipora, Bijbhera, Anantnag district [314][315]
    25 November 6 - 1 34 RR, CRPF, SOG - Hipura Batagund, Shopian district Operation Batagund [316][317]
    1 1 Jaish-e-Mohammed - Indian Army - Khrew, Awantipora, Pulwama district [318]
    26 November 2 - - 1 RR, 163 CRPF, SOG - Redwani, Kulgam district [319][320][321]
    1 - - - Indian Army, CRPF, J&K Police - Hafoo, Tral, Pulwama district
    27 November 2 - Lashkar-e-Taiba - Indian Army, CRPF, J&K Police - Kuthpora, Budgam district [322][323]
    28 November 2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - 55 RR, 185 CRPF, 130 CRPF, SOG - Sharshali, Pulwama district [324][325]

    2020

    [edit]

    Indian security forces, between January and 19 June, launched several operations in which 102 terrorists were killed. Lt Gen BS Raju mentioned in a press conference that normalcy will return in the valley within few months and all the terrorists will be eliminated.[95][326] In the first week of April, Operation Randori Behak (1 April to 5 April) resulted in the deaths of five para commandos from 4 Para, the same commandos which had taken part in the 2016 'surgical strikes'.[327][328] Among those para commandos was Junior Commissioned Officer Sanjiv Kumar, KC, who died in action on 5 April.[329][a]

    Operation Randori Behak resulted in the most deaths in 2020: five terrorists and five soldiers.[333] On 2 May, following Pakistani border firing and the deaths of Indian security forces, the United Nations spokesperson said that "Antonio Guterres' ceasefire appeal is global".[334]

    May onwards, Indian troops have been part of the 2020 China–India skirmishes.

    Date Number of militants Militants

    affiliation

    		Number of security

    forces killed

    		Security forces affiliation Number of

    civilians killed

    		Area Notes References
    Killed Arrested
    15 January 1 - Hizbul Mujahideen - J&K Police, Indian Army (RR), other security agencies - Tantna village, Gundana tehsil, Doda Haroon Abbas Wani, HB district commander [335]
    5 April 5 - LeT - The Resistance Front (TRF) 5 4 Para SF - Keran, Kupwara Infiltration during COVID-19 pandemic, Operation Randori Behak [336][337]
    22 April 4 - - - - - Malhura Zanpora village, Shopian [338]
    2 May 2 - - 5 (4+1) Indian Army, J&K Police - Changimul, Handwara, Kupwara district, Chinese type 56 assault rifles recovered[339] [340]
    4 May - - - 3 CRPF - [341]
    6 May 2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - J&K Police, Indian Army, paramilitary - Sarshali village, Khrew, Awantipora Riyaz Naikoo killed [342][343]
    16 May - - - 1 CRPF, J&K Police - Frisal chowk in Yaripora, Kulgam [344][345]
    17 May 1 - Hizbul Mujahideen 1 Indian Army - Doda Tahir Ahmad Bhat killed; associate of Haroon Abbas Wani who was killed on 15 January 2020 [346]
    19 May 2 - Hizbul Mujahideen - J&K Police, CRPF 3 Nawakadal, Srinagar Ashraf Sehrai's son, Junaid Sehrai, a top Hizbul commander. 12 houses damaged, 3 injured civilians later died. [347][348]
    24/25 May 2 - - - Kulgam Police, 34 RR and CRPF 18 Bn - Khurd-Hanjipora area, Manzgam, Kulgam [348]
    27 May - - Hizbul/ Jaish-e-Mohammed - J&K Police, CRPF & Indian Army - Pulwama Car with 40 kg IED captured, driver escapes [349]
    30 May 2 - - - J&K Police, Indian Army, CRPF - Wanpora area, Kulgam [350]
    31 May to 1 June 13 - - - Indian Army - Kalal village, Naushera sector Rajouri Search operations also by Border Security Force and police. [351][352]
    2 June 2 - Jaish-e-Mohammed - Security forces - Pulwama [353]
    3 June 3 - Jaish-e-Mohammed - Security forces - Kangan, Pulwama Fauji Bhai alias Abdul Rehman, a Jaish bomb expert, also participated in Afghanistan war, killed [353][354]
    7 June 5 - Hizbul Mujahideen - Army, CRPF and Shopian Police - Reban village, Pinjora, Shopian [355]
    8 June 4 - Hizbul Mujahideen - J&K Police, Indian Army, CRPF - Pinjora, Shopian 12 hour encounter [356]
    24 July - - - - Indian Army - Hathlanga, Baramulla Arms and ammunition including AK47s, 5 Chinese pistol recovered during search operation [357]
    25 July 2 - LeT - Joint operation - Ranbirgarh, Srinagar Operation Ranbergad [358]

    See also

    [edit]

    Notes

    [edit]
    1. ^ Kumar led a team of four soldiers during Operation Randori Behak. For his leadership during the operation, he was posthumously awarded the Kirti Chakra.[330][331][332]

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ a b "2018 Will Be Less Challenging; 'Operation All-Out' To Continue: Jammu And Kashmir Police Official". NDTV. 17 December 2017. Archived from the original on 18 December 2017.
    2. ^ Kumar, Devesh (24 May 2003). "Operation Sarp Vinash: Army clears Hill Kaka". The Economic Times. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
    3. ^ a b c Ministry of Defence. "Operation Sadbhavana". Public Information Bureau, Government of India. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    4. ^ a b "Kashmir violence: Army begins operation 'Calm Down'". The Hindu. PTI. 14 September 2016. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
    5. ^ Sandhu, Kanwar (15 March 1991). "In the second phase of Operation Rakshak, army tries to avoid mistakes of its earlier operations in Punjab". India Today. Archived from the original on 30 January 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
    6. ^ "753 Army Personnel Martyred in Op Rakshak During 8 Yrs in J&K". Outlook India. PTI. 24 April 2015. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
    7. ^ "Bravehearts all: Mohit Sharma, Sreeram Kumar get Ashoka Chakras". The Times of India. TNN. 15 August 2009. Retrieved 30 January 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
    8. ^ "The President Confers Ashok Chakra to 918203 Corporal Jyoti Prakash Nirala Indian Air Force (Security) (Posthumous)". pib.nic.in. PIB Delhi. 25 January 2018. Archived from the original on 27 January 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
    9. ^ "OPERATION RAKSHAK MEMORIAL". Indian Army. Archived from the original on 30 January 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
    10. ^ "DeM cadres lead women congregations across Kashmir". Greater Kashmir. 3 August 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
    11. ^ Gul, Khalid (5 August 2016). "Pro-freedom rallies in Pampore, Bijbehara". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
    12. ^ "DeM activists asked to make Dua-e-Majlis successful". Kashmir Reader. 2 August 2016. Archived from the original on 3 August 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
    13. ^ "This is people's Movement, be United: DeM". 22 July 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
    14. ^ Until My Freedom Has Come: The New Intifada in Kashmir. Penguin Books India. 2011. ISBN 9780143416470.
    15. ^ Margolis, Eric (2004). War at the Top of the World: The Struggle for Afghanistan, Kashmir and Tibet. Routledge. p. 81. ISBN 9781135955595.
    16. ^ Bose, Sumantra (2009). Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace. Harvard University Press. p. 107. ISBN 9780674028555.
    17. ^ "insurgency" (noun), Merriam-Webster Unabridged, retrieved 27 November 2019 Quote: "The quality or state of being insurgent; specifically : a condition of revolt against a recognized government that does not reach the proportions of an organized revolutionary government and is not recognized as belligerency" (subscription required)
    18. ^ insurgency, n, Oxford English Dictionary, retrieved 27 November 2019 Quote: "The quality or state of being insurgent; the tendency to rise in revolt; = insurgence n. = The action of rising against authority; a rising, revolt." (subscription required)
    19. ^ Insurgency, Encyclopedia Britannica, retrieved 27 November 2019 Quote: "Insurgency, term historically restricted to rebellious acts that did not reach the proportions of an organized revolution. It has subsequently been applied to any such armed uprising, typically guerrilla in character, against the recognized government of a state or country." (subscription required)"
    20. ^ Elizabeth Van Wie Davis; Rouben Azizian (2007). Islam, Oil, and Geopolitics: Central Asia After September 11. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Incorporated. p. 281. ISBN 978-0-7425-4128-3. The trouble was that elements of Pakistan ' s government were involved with Islamist extremists . They had protected and supported not only the Taliban but also insurgents crossing the Line of Control into Indian - held Kashmir
    21. ^ Kapur, S. Paul (2017), Jihad as Grand Strategy: Islamist Militancy, National Security, and the Pakistani State, Oxford University Press, pp. 84–, ISBN 978-0-19-976852-3
    22. ^ "Al Qaeda In the Indian Subcontinent Released Video Titled 'Kashmir is our' Al Qaeda again target india". 12 October 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
    23. ^ "Al-Qaeda calls for liberation of Kashmir". YouTube. Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
    24. ^ "Dawood is a terrorist, has 'strategic alliance' with ISI, says US". The Times of India. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
    25. ^ Swami, Praveen.India, Pakistan and the Secret Jihad. 2006.
    26. ^ "Al Qaeda thriving in Kashmir in support of Pakistani intelligence against india reports Al Qaeda camps in azad kashmir Pakistan". Christian Science Monitor. 2 July 2002.
    27. ^ "ISIS announces new India and Pakistan provinces, casually breaking up Khorasan". The Defense Post. 15 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2019.
    28. ^ "Islamic State claims it has established province in India, calls it Wilayah of Hind: Report".
    29. ^ a b "Islamic State J-K chief among 4 terrorists killed in Kashmir". Rediff.com. 22 June 2018.
    30. ^ "After operation 'All Out', Forces start operation 'outreach' in Kashmir". brighterkashmir.com.
    31. ^ "Masarat Alam is new chairman of Hurriyat Conference". freepresskashmir.news. 7 September 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
    32. ^ "India imposes Kashmir lockdown, puts leaders 'under house arrest'".
    33. ^ a b c Snehesh Alex Philip, What Imran Khan says is 9 lakh soldiers in Kashmir is actually 3.43 lakh only, The Print, 12 November 2019.
    34. ^ "India's leader makes peace overtures in Kashmir", The Times, 18 November 2004, archived from the original on 23 May 2011: "Military experts estimate that India has about 250,000 troops in the region."
    35. ^ "Kashmir". Stimson Center. Archived from the original on 30 June 2006.: "Some reports estimate that India deploys approximately 400,000 combined army and paramilitary forces in Kashmir, most of which are stationed in the interior, 80,000 of which are deployed along the LoC."
    36. ^ a b "Army personnel killed in Anti Insurgency Operations in J&K and NE".
    37. ^ "195 security personnel killed in terror incidents in 3 yrs: Govt". Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
    38. ^ "Terrorists Killed in J&K".
    39. ^ Singh, Jitendra Bahadur (22 June 2017). "Operation All-Out: Army's master plan to flush out terrorists from Kashmir". India Today. Archived from the original on 7 October 2017. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
    40. ^ a b "206 Terrorists Killed In Jammu And Kashmir In 2017: State Police Chief". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 12 March 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    41. ^ "Kashmir in 2017: Operation All-Out was a success, but will force alone win hearts in the Valley? - Firstpost". firstpost.com. 26 December 2017. Archived from the original on 12 March 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    42. ^ Sandhu, Kamaljit (20 November 2017). "Indian Army's 'Operation All Out' in Kashmir killed 190 terrorists, but there is reason to worry". Daily News and Analysis India (DNA). Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
    43. ^ a b "No 'Operation All-Out' in J&K: Governor". The Hindu. 14 January 2019. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
    44. ^ "No 'Operation All-out' in state: Guv". The Tribune. Tribune News Service. 14 January 2019. Archived from the original on 22 April 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2019.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
    45. ^ Scroll Staff. "Indian Army deploys operation 'calm down' to South Kashmir to tackle protestors and militants". Scroll.in. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
    46. ^ "Army quietly launches operation Calm Down in South Kashmir". India Today. 13 September 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
    47. ^ "Operation Calm Down: Kashmiris Get 'Jadoo Ki Jhappi' From the Army". The Quint. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
    48. ^ "Kashmir: Army uses operations 'Calm Down' and 'Jadoo ki Jhappi' for law and order in Anantnag - Firstpost". firstpost.com. 28 September 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
    49. ^ Kumar, Devesh (24 May 2003). "Operation Sarp Vinash: Army clears Hill Kaka". The Economic Times. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
    50. ^ "Reassessing Operation Sarp Vinash". Outlookindia.com. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
    51. ^ "Operation 'Sarp Vinash': Over 60 terrorists killed". Rediff.com. 24 May 2003. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
    52. ^ Prakash, Ved (2008). Terrorism in Northern India: Jammu and Kashmir and the Punjab. Gyan Publishing House. ISBN 9788178357034.
    53. ^ "Fernandes reveals 'Sarp Vinash' toll". The Hindu. 31 July 2003. Archived from the original on 6 May 2005. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
    54. ^ "Army defends operation Sarp Vinash - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
    55. ^ "Operation Sarp Vinash". Outlook India. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
    56. ^ "A Militia Against Terror | J&K: Operation Sarp Vinash - The Army Strikes Hard | South Asia Intelligence Review (SAIR), Vol. No. 1.46". satp.org. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
    57. ^ Aggarwal, Rashmi (101). Ashoka Chakra Recipients. Prabhat Prakashan.
    58. ^ "Reassessing Operation Sarp Vinash". Outlook India. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
    59. ^ a b Dr. Arpita Anant. (2011) Counterinsurgency and “Op Madad” in Jammu and Kashmir. Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses New Delhi. https://idsa.in/system/files/OP_CounterinsurgencyKashmir.pdf
    60. ^ Cariappa, Mudera (1 August 2008). "Operation Sadbhavana: Winning Hearts and Minds in the Ladakh Himalayan Region". Military Medicine. 173, August 2008 (8): 749–753. doi:10.7205/MILMED.173.8.749. PMID 18751591.
    61. ^ Rahul K Bhonsle (2009). Manekshaw Paper No. 14, 2009 Winning Hearts and Minds Lessons from Jammu and Kashmir. Centre for Land Warfare Studies
    62. ^ a b Qanungo, Nawaz Gul (18 February 2014). "The violence of compassion". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    63. ^ "How successful has Sadbhavana been in Kashmir". Tribune India. Archived from the original on 20 February 2018. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
    64. ^ "Army Super-40 initiative provides road map for youth development". Defence Info India | Defence News & Views of India, Analysis of Indian Defence. 17 June 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    65. ^ "Indian Army's Super 30 in Kashmir attains excellent results". Defence Info India | Defence News & Views of India, Analysis of Indian Defence. 6 May 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    66. ^ "Government must take a leaf from Army Super – 40 education initiative". Defence Info India - Defence News & Views of India, Analysis of Indian Defence. 25 December 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    67. ^ "Operation Sadbhavna: Army's Bid to Provide Free Education in J&K". The Quint. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    68. ^ "Heed Army Chief's call to challenge radicalisation in J&K". Defence Info India | Defence News & Views of India, Analysis of Indian Defence. 17 January 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    69. ^ "Should Indian Army take over running schools, training centres for an incompetent state govt? - Firstpost". firstpost.com. 10 October 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    70. ^ "Army launches tailoring course for women". Daily Excelsior.
    71. ^ "Operation Sadbhavana: 7800 Jammu and Kashmir youths went on educational trips in three years". The Economic Times. 21 December 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    72. ^ Staff Reporter (12 October 2017). "19 high school students from J&K visit Bengaluru". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    73. ^ Staff Reporter (6 May 2017). "16 Kashmir girls in city as part of Operation Sadbhavana tour". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    74. ^ "PM interacts with schoolgirls from Jammu and Kashmir". Greater Kashmir.
    75. ^ Prime Minister's Office. "PM meets students from Jammu and Kashmir". Press Information Bureau. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    76. ^ President of India (20 September 2017), President Kovind meets youth from Jammu & Kashmir, retrieved 19 February 2018
    77. ^ "Who are these students in the picture with PM Narendra Modi and why they are travelling to various parts of India? Find out". The Financial Express. 23 December 2017. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
    78. ^ "Operation Sadbhavana: Students from Rajouri meet Pb Governor". Outlook India. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    79. ^ "Kashmir students on 'sadbhavana' mission". The Hindu.
    80. ^ "J&K students learn army's ways in 'peace station' Bengaluru - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    81. ^ "20 J&K children visit Chandigarh under Army's Operation Sadbhavna - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    82. ^ "Remount Veterinary Corps celebrates 237th Raising Day". The Hindu. 15 December 2015. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    83. ^ "Army launches cricket tournament to bring peace in Valley".
    84. ^ "Army encourages aspirations of new age Kashmiri youth". Defence Info India | Defence News & Views of India, Analysis of Indian Defence. 22 October 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
    85. ^ NAJAR, NIDA; MASOOD, SALMAN (8 September 2014). "India and Pakistan Strain as Flooding Kills Hundreds". The New York Times. New York Times. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
    86. ^ "PM visits Jammu and Kashmir". Press Information Bureau Government of India. Prime Minister's Office. 7 September 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
    87. ^ a b ANI (7 September 2015). "Remembering Operation Megh Rahat: How the human spirit prevailed". Business Standard India. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
    88. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir floods: Over 2,26,000 rescued amid fears of epidemic". India Today. 15 September 2014. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
    89. ^ "Army rescues 11,000 persons, intensifies mission Sahayata". Hindustan Times. 6 September 2014. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
    90. ^ ANI (10 September 2014). "Army's 'Mission Sahayata': 80 medical teams deployed". Business Standard India. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
    91. ^ "Surge in encounters in Kashmir as snow on higher reaches melt". JK Newsline. 27 April 2020. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
    92. ^ Gurung, Shaurya Karanbir (26 February 2020). "Army to implement summer strategy for Jammu and Kashmir to stop infiltration and dominate Line of Control". The Economic Times. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
    93. ^ "Fatalities in Jammu and Kashmir: 1990-2017-MHA Data".
    94. ^ https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/terrorist-killed-in-encounter-in-jammu-and-kashmirs-ganderbal-district-2131106%3famp=1&akamai-rum=off [dead link‍]
    95. ^ a b "Over 64 terrorists killed in Kashmir since January: IGP Vijay Kumar". The New Indian Express. 7 May 2020. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
    96. ^ "114 Terrorists killed in 45 Encounters in Kashmir". Reddit. 8 June 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
    97. ^ "206 Terrorists Killed In Jammu And Kashmir In 2017: State Police Chief". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 16 January 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
    98. ^ "195 security personnel killed in terror incidents in 3 yrs: Govt". Archived from the original on 18 January 2018.
    99. ^ a b "Terrorists Killed in J&K". pib.nic.in. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
    100. ^ Sultania, Devyani. "Jammu and Kashmir: Terrorist killed in Baramulla encounter; gunshots heard in Bandipora district". International Business Times, India Edition. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    101. ^ "Budgam: Al-Badr Terrorist Muzzafar Ahmed Killed in Kashmir". News18. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    102. ^ ANI (10 January 2017). "Jammu and Kashmir : 1 terrorist killed during encounter in Bandipora district". India.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    103. ^ "Infiltration bid foiled, 2 terrorists killed in Poonch". Times of Oman. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    104. ^ "3 terrorists killed in encounter with security forces in Jammu and Kashmir's Pahalgam". The Financial Express. 16 January 2017. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    105. ^ "One terrorist killed in encounter in J&K's Bandipora, encounter under way - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    106. ^ "2 terrorists killed in encounter with security forces in Jammu and Kashmir's Ganderbal". The Financial Express. 24 January 2017. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    107. ^ "J-K: One militant killed as army foils infiltration bid in Sunderbani along LoC". hindustantimes.com/. 24 January 2017. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    108. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: Two terrorists killed; One AK-47 rifle and pistol recovered by Baramulla Police, 52 Rashtriya Rifles". The Financial Express. 4 February 2017. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    109. ^ "4 Terrorists Killed In Kashmir's Kulgam, 2 Soldiers Die In 10-Hour Encounter". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    110. ^ "3 jawans martyred, 1 terrorist killed in encounter in Jammu and Kashmir's Bandipora". The Financial Express. 14 February 2017. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    111. ^ "Army Major Dies In Encounter In Kashmir's Handwara; 3 Terrorists Gunned Down". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    112. ^ "3 Soldiers Dead In Terror Attack In Jammu and Kashmir's Shopian, Woman Killed In Firing". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    113. ^ Sultania, Devyani. "Jammu and Kashmir: Policeman, 2 terrorists killed in encounter in Pulwama's Tral village". International Business Times, India Edition. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    114. ^ "Two terrorists, one civilian killed in Kashmir encounter - The Statesman". The Statesman. 9 March 2017. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    115. ^ Chauhan, Shubhang (9 March 2017). "J&K: 1 terrorist killed in Bandipora district by security forces; major injured". India.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    116. ^ "3 Terrorists Killed In Kupwara Encounter. A 6-Year-Old Girl Also Dies". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    117. ^ Irfan, Hakeem (29 March 2017). "1 militant killed in encounter in Budgam; 3 civilians killed, 23 CRPF jawans injured during protests". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 31 March 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    118. ^ "4 terrorists killed in Jammu and Kashmir's Keran sector". The Financial Express. 10 April 2017. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    119. ^ "Two terrorists killed in encounter in J&K's Budgam district - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    120. ^ Agencies, BS Web Team/ (27 April 2017). "3 soldiers, 2 terrorists killed in suicide attack on army camp in Kupwara". Business Standard India. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    121. ^ "J&K: Two LeT terrorists killed in Handwara encounter - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    122. ^ "Two jawans martyred, two terrorists killed as Army foils infiltration bid in Naugam in J&K - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    123. ^ "Six terrorists killed in Rampur, J&K, as Army foils another infiltration bid - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 8 March 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    124. ^ "Hizbul terrorist Sabzar Ahmad, Burhan Wani's successor, killed in Kashmir - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    125. ^ "BAT attack foiled, 2 terrorists killed in Kashmir: Army - Bangalore Mirror -". Bangalore Mirror. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    126. ^ "Two terrorists killed in Kashmir's Sopore - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 8 June 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    127. ^ "Infiltration bid in Naugam sector of Jammu and Kashmir, one soldier and three terrorists killed - Firstpost". firstpost.com. 8 June 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    128. ^ "5 Terrorists Killed As Security Forces Stop Major Infiltration Bid In Kashmir's Uri". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    129. ^ "Army Stops Infiltration Bid In Jammu And Kashmir's Gurez, 1 Terrorist Killed". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    130. ^ "Jammu & Kashmir: Top LeT terrorist Junaid Mattoo killed in encounter". nagpurtoday.in. 16 June 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    131. ^ "Sopore encounter: 2 terrorists killed after military clash in Baramulla district of Jammu and Kashmir". The Financial Express. 21 June 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    132. ^ "3 Lashkar Terrorists Killed, Army Officer Injured In Gunbattle In South Kashmir's Pulwama". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    133. ^ "J&K: Infiltration bid foiled in Kupwara, two terrorists gunned down". The Indian Express. 22 June 2017. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    134. ^ "Kashmir attack: Two terrorists killed, three CRPF men injured in Pantha Chowk, Srinagar". The Financial Express. 25 June 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    135. ^ "Anantnag encounter ends: Two top Lashkar terrorists gunned down, two civilians killed too". The Indian Express. 1 July 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    136. ^ "J&K: 3 militants killed, counter-terrorism op underway in Pulwama". Deccan Chronicle. 4 July 2017. Archived from the original on 13 March 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    137. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: Army kills two militants in Naugam sector, foils infiltration bid along LoC - Firstpost". firstpost.com. 10 July 2017. Archived from the original on 13 February 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    138. ^ "ChinarCorps.IA on Twitter". Twitter. Archived from the original on 30 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    139. ^ "3 terrorists gunned down in Kashmir's Budgam district - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 24 March 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    140. ^ "Tral Encounter: 3 Terrorists Killed In Kashmir Santora". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    141. ^ "J and K: Two terrorists killed in Bandipora district's Gurez Sector". Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    142. ^ "Three terrorists killed in Anantnag were involved in Amarnath attack, says Army". The Financial Express. 18 July 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    143. ^ "One militant killed in Jammu and Kashmir's Machil sector as army foils infiltration bid - Firstpost". firstpost.com. 23 July 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    144. ^ "3 terrorists killed during infiltration bid in J&K's Gurez sector - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    145. ^ "2 Terrorists Killed In Jammu And Kashmir's Pulwama, Operation On". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    146. ^ "J-K encounter: One terrorist killed in Baramulla, operation underway". The Indian Express. 31 July 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    147. ^ "Top Pakistani Lashkar terrorist among three killed in south Kashmir - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    148. ^ "2 Terrorists Killed In Encounter In Jammu And Kashmir's Kulgam". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    149. ^ "Hizbul Mujahideen militant gunned down in encounter in Anantnag". The Economic Times. 4 August 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    150. ^ "3 Lashkar-e-Taiba Terrorists Dead, 1 Policeman Injured In Encounter In Jammu And Kashmir's Sopore". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    151. ^ Ashiq, Peerzada (7 August 2017). "LeT militant Umer killed in Kashmir's Pulwama". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 11 February 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    152. ^ "5 Terrorists Killed In Jammu And Kashmir's Machil Sector, Major Infiltration Bid Foiled". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 29 November 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    153. ^ "3 Terrorists From Zakir Musa's Group Gunned Down in Kashmir's Pulwama". News18. Archived from the original on 15 September 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    154. ^ "Hizbul Commander Yaseen Itoo 'Ghaznavi' Killed In Encounter In Kashmir". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 13 February 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    155. ^ "Lashkar Terrorist Ayub Lelhari Killed In Encounter In Jammu And Kashmir's Pulwama". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    156. ^ "Militant killed in Handwara gunfight: Army". Archived from the original on 2 April 2018.
    157. ^ "8 Security Personnel Killed In Terror Attack In Jammu and Kashmir's Pulwama". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    158. ^ "Terrorist Involved in Umer Fayaz's Killing Gunned Down in Kulgam". News18. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    159. ^ "Two Lashkar Terrorists Gunned Down in Kashmir's Sopore". News18. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    160. ^ "Security forces kill Hizbul militant in encounter in Jammu and Kashmir's Sopore". hindustantimes.com/. 9 September 2017. Archived from the original on 13 September 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    161. ^ "Kulgam encounter: 2 Hizbul Mujahideen terrorists killed in gunbattle with security forces, 1 militant arrested in Jammu and Kashmir". The Financial Express. 11 September 2017. Archived from the original on 13 October 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    162. ^ "Militant killed, another surrenders in Shopian". Jammu Kashmir Latest News | Tourism | Breaking News J&K. 11 September 2017. Archived from the original on 21 November 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    163. ^ "Top Lashkar terrorist Abu Ismail, aide killed in encounter in Kashmir's Nowgam - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    164. ^ "J&K: Security forces apprehend Hizbul terrorist Zameer Ahmed in Bandipora district- News Nation". newsnation.in. 14 September 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    165. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: 2 terrorists killed as infiltration bid is foiled in Kupwara's Machil sector - Firstpost". firstpost.com. 16 September 2017. Archived from the original on 10 February 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    166. ^ "Uri encounter: Security forces kill 1 terrorist in Jammu and Kashmir, combing operations continue". The Financial Express. 26 September 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    167. ^ Das, Shaswati (3 October 2017). "BSF camp near Srinagar airport attacked, all 4 militants killed". livemint.com/. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    168. ^ "5 Terrorists Shot Dead, Infiltration Bid Foiled In Kashmir: Army". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    169. ^ "Top Jaish terrorist Khalid killed in encounter in J&K - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 10 February 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    170. ^ "Shopian gun battle: Jammu and Kashmir security forces kill Hizbul Mujahideen terrorist - Firstpost". firstpost.com. 9 October 2017. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    171. ^ "J&K: 2 IAF commandos martyred, 2 terrorists killed in Bandipora's Hajin - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 14 February 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    172. ^ "2 Air Force Commandos Killed During Encounter In Kashmir's Bandipora". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    173. ^ "Top Lashkar Commander Among 2 Terrorists Killed In Encounter In Kashmir's Pulwama". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    174. ^ "J&K Police detains Hizbul Mujahideen terrorist Gulzar Dar". Deccan Chronicle. 13 October 2017. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    175. ^ "Policeman Killed In Jammu And Kashmir's Kulgam As Terrorist Attack Police Vehicle". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 9 February 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    176. ^ Northlines (17 October 2017). "Former Sarpanch shot dead by terrorists in Shopian - Northlines". Northlines. Archived from the original on 30 April 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    177. ^ "Kashmir: Police officer shot dead by terrorists at his Pulwama residence". India Today. 18 October 2017. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    178. ^ "Terrorist Killed in Jammu And Kashmir's Handwara, Pakistani Currency Recovered". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    179. ^ "J&K: 2 terrorists killed in encounter with security forces in Bandipora". Zee News. 29 October 2017. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    180. ^ Desk, India.com News (2 November 2017). "Jammu and Kashmir: Terrorists Attack CRPF Vehicle in Anantnag; Five Jawans Injured". India.com. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
    181. ^ "2 Jawans Killed, Terrorist Shot Dead In Jammu And Kashmir". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    182. ^ "Army foils infiltration bid in J-K's Kupwara, one militant killed". hindustantimes.com/. 3 November 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    183. ^ "Hizb terrorist killed in encounter in Kashmir's Kulgam; soldier martyred - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    184. ^ Ashiq, Peerzada (18 November 2017). "Six LeT militants killed in J&K gunfight". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 13 February 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    185. ^ "Jammu-Kashmir: Three Pakistani LeT terrorists killed in Handwara". The Indian Express. 21 November 2017. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    186. ^ "Terrorist killed by security forces in Tral area of J&K's Pulwama". Zee News. 20 November 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    187. ^ "Terrorist Shot Dead In Kashmir's Keran Sector, Jawan Killed". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 20 March 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    188. ^ "LeT terrorist arrested in J-K's Kupwara district: Army". Archived from the original on 2 April 2018.
    189. ^ "5 Terrorists Shot Dead In Separate Encounters In Kashmir". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 16 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    190. ^ "3 LeT terrorists involved in Amarnath Yatra attack killed in encounter in Kashmir - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    191. ^ "Handwara encounter: 3 Lashkar-e-Taiba terrorists killed in Jammu and Kashmir's Unisoo village; civilian dies in crossfire - Firstpost". firstpost.com. 11 December 2017. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    192. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir | 2 terrorists gunned down, encounter still on in Shopian | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". dna. 19 December 2017. Archived from the original on 30 April 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    193. ^ "Kashmir's pint-size 'merchant of death' Trali killed in encounter - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    194. ^ "JeM terrorist Noor Muhammad killed in encounter between security forces, terrorists in Jammu and Kashmir". The Financial Express. 26 December 2017. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    195. ^ Rashid, Hakeem Irfan (2018). "5 CRPF jawans killed in Kashmir attack; Jaish-e-Muhammad claims responsibility". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
    196. ^ "Government declares conditional ceasefire in J&K during Ramzan - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 19 May 2018.
    197. ^ "Centre announces end to Ramzan ceasefire in Jammu & Kashmir - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
    198. ^ "Blast in Jammu and Kashmir's Sopore. 4 Policemen killed". Archived from the original on 6 January 2018.
    199. ^ "Three terrorists killed in Central Kashmir – Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 15 January 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
    200. ^ "Operation All Out: Two militants killed in south Kashmir | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". dna. 9 January 2018. Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 1 February 2018.
    201. ^ "Two militant shot down in south kashmir". Archived from the original on 10 January 2018.
    202. ^ "6 JeM militant killed". NDTV. 15 January 2018. Archived from the original on 15 January 2018.
    203. ^ "Six Jaish-e-Mohammad terrorists killed in Uri anti-infiltration operation". Business Standard India. Press Trust of India. 15 January 2018. Archived from the original on 10 April 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
    204. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: 2 terrorists neutralised, one teenager killed in Shopian encounter | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". dna. 24 January 2018. Archived from the original on 23 February 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    205. ^ "How CRPF jawan Raghunath Ghait foiled a terror attack at Karan Nagar". The Hans India. 15 February 2018. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    206. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: 2 LeT terrorists killed in bike accident | Free Press Journal". Free Press Journal. 12 February 2018. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    207. ^ "Militant killed, bid to help arrested militant escape foiled in Tral: Police". Kashmir Reader. 26 February 2018. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    208. ^ "Lashkar terrorist killed in Kashmir - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    209. ^ "Terrorist, 3 accomplices killed after attack on patrolling party in J&K - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    210. ^ "Sunjuwan terror attack mastermind Mufti Waqas gunned down by Army". The Indian Express. 5 March 2018. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    211. ^ "Three terrorists killed in Anantnag encounter - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    212. ^ "Kashmir: Three terrorists killed in Anantnag encounter - Mumbai Mirror -". Mumbai Mirror. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    213. ^ "Pulwama encounter: 2 terrorists killed after failed weapon-snatching bid in Jammu and Kashmir's Balhama". The Financial Express. 16 March 2018. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    214. ^ "4 terrorists gunned down in Jammu and Kashmir's Kupwara district - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 21 March 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    215. ^ "Kupwara encounter: 5 'foreign' LeT terrorists killed, five security personnel martyred in Jammu and Kashmir; top developments". The Financial Express. 22 March 2018. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    216. ^ "Anantnag encounter: Two terrorists killed in gunbattle with security forces in Jammu and Kashmir". The Financial Express. 24 March 2018. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    217. ^ "Anantnag encounter: 2 Pakistani terrorists belonging to JeM killed in Dooru area of Jammu and Kashmir, 2 AK-47s, grenades and pistols recovered - NewsX". NewsX. 24 March 2018. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    218. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: Terrorist gunned down in Budgam encounter". India Today. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    219. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: 4 terrorists killed in encounter in Rajouri - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    220. ^ "In Jammu And Kashmir Pre-Dawn Ops, 8 Terrorists Killed, 2 Soldiers Dead". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    221. ^ "3 Army jawans,11 militants killed in south Kashmir encounters". Jammu Kashmir Latest News | Tourism | Breaking News J&K. 1 April 2018. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
    222. ^ "Major counter-terror offensive in J-K: 13 militants killed; 3 jawans, 4 civilians dead". India Today. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    223. ^ "Terrorist killed in encounter with forces in J&K's Pulwama - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 10 April 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
    224. ^ "Terrorist killed, another injured in two Kashmir operations | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". dna. 7 April 2018. Archived from the original on 10 April 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
    225. ^ Ashiq, Peerzada (11 April 2018). "Four civilians, jawan killed in Kulgam". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
    226. ^ "J-K: Four JeM terrorists, two security personnel killed in Tral gunfight". The Indian Express. 24 April 2018. Archived from the original on 29 April 2018. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
    227. ^ "Pulwama encounter: Two Hizbul terrorists killed; one Indian Army Major and soldier injured". The Financial Express. 30 April 2018. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
    228. ^ "3 LeT militants killed in encounter in Jammu and Kashmir | Free Press Journal". Free Press Journal. 5 May 2018. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
    229. ^ "Chattabal encounter: 3 terrorists killed, 3 security personnel injured". aninews.in. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
    230. ^ "Five terrorists, including a Kashmir University professor, killed in encounter in J&K's Shopian - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 6 May 2018.
    231. ^ "5 terrorists killed in Kashmir encounter; Professor reportedly among them - Rediff.com India News". rediff.com. Retrieved 6 May 2018.
    232. ^ "Badigam gunfight: 5 militants killed, operation over, says DGP". Kashmir Life. 6 May 2018. Retrieved 6 May 2018.
    233. ^ "Baramulla: 4 terrorists, 7 OGWs held by security forces in major operation". Zee News. 8 May 2018. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
    234. ^ "Infiltration bid foiled by security forces in Kupwara district". aninews.in. Retrieved 19 May 2018.
    235. ^ "Three militants killed, army foils infiltration bid along LoC in Jammu and Kashmir's Kupwara". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 19 May 2018.
    236. ^ Team, BS Web (26 May 2018). "Kashmir encounter: 5 terrorists killed by Indian Army in Tangdhar; updates". Business Standard India. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
    237. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: Infiltration bid foiled, 5 terrorists killed in Tangdhar | Free Press Journal". Free Press Journal. 26 May 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
    238. ^ "J&K Army camp attacked, civilian & soldier killed - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
    239. ^ "Soldier Killed In Terror Attack On Army Camp In Kashmir's Pulwama". NDTV.com. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
    240. ^ Pioneer, The. "2 terrorists killed in Handwara". The Pioneer. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
    241. ^ Northlines (1 June 2018). "2 terrorists killed in Kupwara - Northlines". Northlines. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
    242. ^ "Security forces kill infiltrator in J-K". aninews.in. Retrieved 3 June 2018.
    243. ^ "Infiltration bid foiled in J&K's Machhil, 3 terrorists killed - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
    244. ^ "Soldier injured in Kupwara encounter succumbs in military hospital".
    245. ^ "Army foils infiltration bid in Keran Sector of J-K, 6 terrorists killed". India Today. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
    246. ^ "J&K terror attack: 2 policemen killed in Pulwama - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
    247. ^ "Two terrorists killed, soldier martyred in encounter in north Kashmir's Bandipora". dna. 14 June 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
    248. ^ "2 Terrorists Killed In Jammu And Kashmir's Bandipora". NDTV.com. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
    249. ^ "Four terrorists killed by Army forces in Jammu and Kashmir's Bandipora forest area". dna. 18 June 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
    250. ^ "3 terrorists killed, 5 security men injured in J&K gunfight - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
    251. ^ Ashiq, Peerzada (22 June 2018). "Four militants killed, a civilian and policeman lose lives in Army's Anantnag operation". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
    252. ^ "LeT commander among 2 terrorists killed in south Kashmir's Kulgam, one surrenders". dna. 24 June 2018. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
    253. ^ "J&K: Terrorist killed in encounter in Kupwara, combing operation on". 29 June 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
    254. ^ "Only 1 LeT terrorist killed in Friday's Pulwama encounter, remaining 2 escaped: J-K police". hindustantimes.com/. 30 June 2018. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
    255. ^ "Only 1 terrorist killed in Pulwama, 2 escaped: police". India Today. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
    256. ^ "Only 1 terrorist killed in Pulwama, 2 escaped: Police - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
    257. ^ "Policeman, On Leave, Kidnapped And Killed By Terrorists In Kashmir". NDTV.com. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
    258. ^ Agencies (9 July 2018). "Security forces kill terrorist in encounter in north Kashmir's Kupwara". Business Standard India. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
    259. ^ "Shopian encounter: JeM commander among two militants killed". United News of India. 10 July 2018.
    260. ^ "J&K: 2 militants killed, security personnel injured in encounter in Sophian". Business Standard India. Press Trust of India. 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
    261. ^ "Militant gunned down in Kupwara operation".
    262. ^ "Terrorist killed in ongoing operation in Kupwara". The Economic Times. 16 July 2018. Archived from the original on 18 July 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
    263. ^ Desk, India.com News (16 July 2018). "Terrorist Attack in J-K's Pulwama Leaves One Cop Dead, Another Injured". India.com. Retrieved 17 July 2018. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
    264. ^ "J-K: Security forces avenge death of Constable Saleem, gun down 3 terrorists involved in his abduction, murder in Kulgam". 22 July 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
    265. ^ "Terrorists who killed J&K cop gunned down in Kulgam encounter - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
    266. ^ "LeT terrorists killed in encounter in Jammu and Kashmir". The Economic Times. 25 July 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
    267. ^ "Terrorist killed in encounter in Handwara". dailyexcelsior.com. 26 July 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
    268. ^ "J&K: Two Hizbul Mujahideen terrorists gunned down in Kupwara, says police - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
    269. ^ "2 terrorists, including a B Tech student, killed in encounter in Sopore". India Today. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
    270. ^ "J&K: 5 terrorists gunned down in Shopian; civilian killed in clashes - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
    271. ^ "Gurez: Four armymen including major martyred in J&K, at least 2 terrorists killed". dna. 7 August 2018. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
    272. ^ Pioneer, The. "Four terrorists killed in J&K's Baramulla". The Pioneer. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
    273. ^ "Youth tortured to death by terrorists in Kashmir's Kulgam". The Statesman. 9 August 2018. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
    274. ^ "Three terrorists trying to infiltrate neutralised in Kashmir valley". dna. 19 August 2018. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
    275. ^ "J&K: Infiltration bid foiled, 1 terrorist killed in Baramulla". dna. 19 August 2018. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
    276. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: Jaish terrorist killed in encounter". dna. 24 August 2018. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
    277. ^ "A++ Hizbul terrorist Altaf Kachroo among 2 killed in Anantnag encounter". The Statesman. 29 August 2018. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
    278. ^ "4 policemen killed by militants in Kashmir after Hizbul commander gunned down". hindustantimes.com/. 29 August 2018. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
    279. ^ "Jaish-e-Muhammad claims responsibility for killing 4 policemen in J&K's Shopian". Deccan Chronicle. 29 August 2018. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
    280. ^ "2 Terrorists Killed In Jammu And Kashmir's Bandipora, Search Operation On". NDTV.com. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
    281. ^ "Army soldier, 3 terrorists killed in encounter". The Statesman. 1 September 2018. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
    282. ^ a b "Jammu & Kashmir: Two Pakistani terrorists killed in encounter in Sopore - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
    283. ^ "Three JeM terrorists killed, 12 security personnel injured in encounter in J&K's Reasi district - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
    284. ^ "5 terrorists killed in encounter in J&K - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
    285. ^ "J&K encounter: 5 Lashkar-e-Taiba terrorists killed in Bandipora - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
    286. ^ "LeT commander behind killing of Army Major among two militants dead in Kashmir encounter". oneindia.com. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
    287. ^ "5 terrorists killed as J&K police foil infiltration bid". dna. 25 September 2018. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
    288. ^ "J&K: 3 terrorists, 1 jawan, 2 men killed in three separate incidents". dna. 28 September 2018. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
    289. ^ "Budgam encounter: 2 terrorists, 1 security personnel killed". Deccan Chronicle. 27 September 2018. Archived from the original on 2 October 2018. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
    290. ^ "4 Hizbul Terrorists Arrested With Rs 10 Lakh In Pulwama: Police". NDTV.com. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    291. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: Two terrorists killed in encounter with security forces in Handwara". 11 October 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
    292. ^ "One Hizbul Mujahideen terrorist killed, another captured alive". The Statesman. 13 October 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    293. ^ "Militant killed in Pulwama encounter: J&K Police". The Indian Express. 19 October 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    294. ^ "3 Terrorists Killed In Infiltration Bid In Jammu And Kashmir". NDTV.com. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    295. ^ "J&K: Three Jaish-e-Mohammad terrorists killed and two army personnel injured in encounter at Laroo of Kulgam district". newsonair.com. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    296. ^ "J&K: 3 terrorists killed in Kulgam encounter, 3 civilians dead in blast - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    297. ^ a b Desk, India.com News (25 October 2018). "Anantnag Encounter: Four Terrorists Killed in J&K; Arms And Ammunition Recovered". India.com. Retrieved 25 November 2018. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
    298. ^ a b "Six terrorists killed in Kashmir valley - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    299. ^ "Two militants, jawan killed in encounter in Baramulla". The Economic Times. 26 October 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    300. ^ "Jammu & Kashmir: Two Jaish-e-Mohammed terrorists killed in Tral; sniper rifle recovered - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    301. ^ "2 terrorists killed in encounter with security forces in J-K's Budgam district - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    302. ^ "Terrorist killed in encounter in J-K". The Week. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    303. ^ "J-K police arrest Al-Badr terrorist in Kupwara". aninews.in. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    304. ^ "J-K: Two Hizbul Mujahideen terrorists gunned down in encounter in Shopian's Khudpora village, arms and ammunition recovered". 4 November 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    305. ^ "2 Hizbul Mujahideen terrorists killed in encounter in J&K - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    306. ^ "2 Hizbul Terrorists Shot Dead In Encounter In Jammu And Kashmir's Pulwama". NDTV.com. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    307. ^ "Jaish terrorist killed in Handwara". State Times. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    308. ^ ANI (11 November 2018). "1 terrorist killed in J-K's Handwara, gunfight underway". Business Standard India. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    309. ^ "Infiltration bid foiled in Kupwara, 2 ultras killed".
    310. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: Three terrorists killed on border". dna. 14 November 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    311. ^ ANI (18 November 2018). "J-K: 2 Al-Badr terrorists killed in Shopian encounter". Business Standard India. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    312. ^ "4 militants, jawan killed in encounter in Shopian district of J&K".
    313. ^ "Four Hizbul militants, jawan killed in Shopian encounter". The Economic Times. 20 November 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    314. ^ "Six terrorists killed in J&K's Anantnag encounter - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    315. ^ "Six top Hizbul Mujahideen & Lashkar-e-Taiba terrorists killed in J&K". dna. 24 November 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    316. ^ "Six terrorists killed in Shopian encounter - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    317. ^ "Bloody gun battle, clashes in Kashmir leave 6 militants, jawan and civilian dead". India Today. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    318. ^ "One JeM terrorist killed in J&K's Pulwama". aninews.in. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
    319. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: One terrorist neutralised in Pulwama district". The Live Mirror. 27 November 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
    320. ^ "3 terrorists, 1 soldier killed in encounters at J&K's Pulwama, Kulgam districts - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
    321. ^ "J&K: 3 terrorists killed in separate encounters in Pulwama and Kulgam; 1 jawan martyred, 2 injured". dna. 27 November 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
    322. ^ "Naveed Jatt, LeT terrorist behind journalist Shujaat Bukhari's murder, killed in Budgam encounter - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
    323. ^ "LeT chief Naved Jatt, associate killed". Jammu Kashmir Latest News | Tourism | Breaking News J&K. 28 November 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
    324. ^ "Jammu and Kashmir: 2 top Hizb terrorists killed in encounter in Pulwama". India Today. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
    325. ^ "2 Terrorists Killed In Jammu And Kashmir's Pulwama". NDTV.com. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
    326. ^ "Will ensure full normalcy in Kashmir in few months: Top Army commander". 19 June 2020.
    327. ^ Som, Vishnu (8 April 2020). Ghosh, Deepshikha (ed.). "The Heartbreaking Story Behind This Photo Of Army Commandos In Kashmir". NDTV. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
    328. ^ Pathak, Brig Ashok (22 April 2020). "Operation 'Randori Behak' on 4 and 5 April 2020: Need for a Network Centric War (NCW) Approach – Center For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS)". www.claws.in. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
    329. ^ "Gallantry Awards | Ministry of Defence, Government of India". www.gallantryawards.gov.in. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
    330. ^ Bhalla, Abhishek (25 January 2021). "War-time honours for Galwan braves, Mahavir Chakra for martyr Col Santosh Babu". India Today.
    331. ^ "Para Commando Sub Sanjiv Kumar Charged At Terrorists Laying Down His Life For The Nation". IndiaTimes. 26 January 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
    332. ^ Ajay Sura (26 January 2021). "Subedar from Himachal Pradesh gets Kirti Chakra | Chandigarh News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
    333. ^ "J&K: 5 terrorists, 5 soldiers killed in year's bloodiest gunfight". Outlook India. IANS. 6 April 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
    334. ^ "Antonio Guterres' ceasefire appeal is global: UN spokesman as Pakistan engages in unprovoked firing along LoC". The Economic Times. 2 May 2020. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
    335. ^ Service, Tribune News. "Hizb commander gunned down in Doda encounter". Tribuneindia News Service. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
    336. ^ Bhat, Tariq (6 April 2020). "Kashmir: 5 soldiers, 5 militants killed in Kupwara encounter". The Week. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
    337. ^ Ganai, Naseer (27 April 2020). "Is Kashmir Seeing Birth Of A New Militant Outfit? The Signs Look Threatening". Outlook Magazine India. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
    338. ^ "4 terrorists killed in encounter with security forces in Jammu and Kashmir's Shopian". Hindustan Times. 22 April 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
    339. ^ "Handwara: Security forces recover Chinese Type 56 rifle from encounter site". India Today. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
    340. ^ Ashiq, Peerzada (3 May 2020). "Colonel, Major, SI among 5 security personnel killed in Kashmir's Handwara, says Army". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
    341. ^ "3 Killed In Attack On Paramilitary Patrol In Jammu And Kashmir's Handwara". NDTV. 4 May 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
    342. ^ Masood, Bashaarat; Iqbal, Naveed; Akhzer, Adil (7 May 2020). "Valley's most wanted militant Riyaz Naikoo killed in Awantipora encounter". The Indian Express. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
    343. ^ Masoodi, Nazir; Som, Vishnu (7 May 2020). "Police Got To Most Wanted Terrorist Through The Man Who Got Him His Food". NDTV. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
    344. ^ "Cop martyred as terrorists open fire at police naka party in J&K's Kulgam". DNA India. 16 May 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
    345. ^ "Police pays tribute to policeman martyred in Kulgam | JK Media". JK Media. 17 May 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2020.[permanent dead link‍]
    346. ^ Sandhu, Kamaljit Kaur; Bhatt, Sunil (17 May 2020). "Army jawan, Hizb terrorist killed in encounter at Jammu and Kashmir's Doda district". India Today. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
    347. ^ "Junaid Sehrai, son of Hurriyat chairman, killed in Srinagar encounter". The Indian Express. 19 May 2020. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
    348. ^ a b "Two militants killed in encounter with security forces in Kulgam". Hindustan Times. 25 May 2020. Retrieved 26 May 2020.
    349. ^ Masoodi, Nazir (28 May 2020). "2019-Like Bombing Stopped In Pulwama, 40 kg IED In Car, Terrorist Escapes". NDTV. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
    350. ^ "2 Terrorists Killed In Encounter In Jammu And Kashmir's Kulgam District: Report". NDTV. PTI. 30 May 2020. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
    351. ^ Khajuria, Ravi Krishnan (1 June 2020). Chaturvedi, Amit (ed.). "Army foils infiltration attempt in Jammu and Kashmir, 3 terrorists killed". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
    352. ^ Wani, Ashraf (1 June 2020). "Jammu and Kashmir: 13 terrorists killed along LoC in Mendhar-Poonch". India Today. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
    353. ^ a b "J&K: Top JeM commander among three militants killed in Pulwama". The Indian Express. 3 June 2020. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
    354. ^ Gupta, Shishir (3 June 2020). "Top Jaish bombmaker killed, hunt for 2 missing car bombs in Kashmir is on". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
    355. ^ "Five Hizb terrorists killed in encounter with security forces in J&K's Shopian". The Times of India. 7 June 2020. Retrieved 8 June 2020.
    356. ^ "4 terrorists killed in encounter with security forces in J-K's Shopian, 9 in 24 hrs". Hindustan Times. 8 June 2020. Retrieved 8 June 2020.
    357. ^ "AK-47, Chinese pistols, grenades recovered during search operation in Jammu and Kashmir's Baramulla". The Times of India. 24 July 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
    358. ^ "Two terrorists killed in encounter on outskirts of Srinagar". Tehelka. 25 July 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
    [edit]

    Further reading

    [edit]
    Retrieved from "https://wiki.riteme.site/w/index.php?title=Indian_Army_operations_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir&oldid=1263340119#Operation_Rakshak"