Operation Gateway
| Operation Gateway | |
|---|---|
_JP5847352.jpg) An RAAF Lockheed AP-3C Orion | |
| Objective | preservation of regional security and stability in South East Asia. |
| Date | 1980 |
| Executed by | Australian Defence Force |
| Outcome | Ongoing but altered to include surveillance in the South China Sea. |
Operation Gateway is an ongoing Australian Defence Force (ADF) regional security and stability operation in South East Asia.[1]
History
[edit]Commencing in 1980, the operation formed part of Australia's contribution to Western surveillance operations during the Cold War. It included the use of P-3 Orion maritime patrol aircraft and naval vessels which conducted missions in the Indian Ocean and the Strait of Malacca. Royal Australian Navy submarines were also involved, conducting patrols as part of US "deterrence and surveillance operations against Soviet submarines". Meanwhile, the Australian Army maintained Rifle Company Butterworth at Butterworth airbase in Malaysia in order to protect allied aircraft involved in the operation.[2]
According to Brewster, during the 1980s the primary focus of Royal Australian Air Force aircraft involved in the operation was on detecting Soviet submarines transiting the Strait of Malacca, after which they would hand over to the US Navy.[3] In response to Australian security concerns following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan a detachment of up to three Orions from No. 92 Wing RAAF were deployed to Butterworth in Malaysia and began operations in February 1981. Initially the patrols involved the regular monitoring of Soviet ship and submarine movements in the region; however, the following year they began a "more aggressive prosecution phase" the following year which involved the use of radar and sonar buoys to actively detect, identify and track submarines. These patrols ended in 1989.[4]
Since the end of the Cold War the Orions have continued to participate in maritime security operations under the Five Power Defence Arrangements,[3] conducting patrols over the Indian Ocean, Strait of Malacca and South China Sea.[5][6] As part of this operation RAAF aircraft are involved in search and rescue and counter-piracy missions, at times flying as far afield as Sri Lanka and the Philippines.[7] They have reportedly also been involved in freedom of navigation flights.[8][9][10] Australian aircraft reportedly deploy to Butterworth between four and eight times a year, and conduct regular flights over the period of a fortnight.[11]
Notes
[edit]- ^ "Transcript – Press conference with Chief of Joint Operations VADM David Johnston and CO Task Group Taji COL Matthew Galton – Update on Australian Defence Force operations". Transcript. Department of Defence. 18 December 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
- ^ Breen 2008, p. 22.
- ^ a b Brewster 2014.
- ^ "RAAF Participation in Operation Gateway" (PDF). Oral History Program, Snippet No. 5. Office of Airforce History. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
- ^ McCaughlin, Andrew (2007). "Quiet Achiever". Australian Aviation (December 2007): 44. ISSN 0813-0876.
- ^ "Operation Gateway". South China Sea Indian Ocean. Department of Defence. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- ^ "No extra medals for Gateway crews". News.com.au. 21 March 2013. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
- ^ "Australia conducting 'freedom of navigation' flights in South China Sea". BBC News. 15 December 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- ^ "Defence claims RAAF South China Sea flight is "routine"". Australian Financial Review. 15 December 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- ^ Greene, Andrew; Birtles, Bill (15 December 2015). "Audio captures RAAF surveillance flight over South China Sea". ABC News. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- ^ "Australian aircraft will continue to patrol South China Sea". SBS. 18 December 2015. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
References
[edit]- Breen, Bob (2008). Struggling for Self Reliance: Four Case Studies of Australian Regional Force Projection in the Late 1980s and the 1990s. Canberra: ANU E Press. ISBN 9781921536090.
- Brewster, David (2014). India's Ocean: The Story of India's Bid for Regional Leadership. New York: Routledge. ISBN 9781317806981.
Further reading
[edit]- Barker, Geoffrey (19 October 2013). "Cold War exploits of Australia's secret submarines". The Australian. Canberra. ISSN 1038-8761. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
External links
[edit]- Operation Gateway – Department of Defence
- Recognition of service with Operation Gateway – Defence Honours & Awards Appeal Tribunal