O.S.S. (film)

O.S.S.
O.S.S.
Directed by	Irving Pichel
Written by	Richard Maibaum
Produced by	Richard Maibaum
Starring	Alan Ladd; Geraldine Fitzgerald ; Patric Knowles
Cinematography	Lionel Lindon
Edited by	William Shea
Music by	Daniele Amfitheatrof; Heinz Roemheld
Production; company	Paramount Pictures
Distributed by	Paramount Pictures
Release date	May 26, 1946;
Running time	108 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Box office	$2.8 million (US rentals); 1,762,769 admissions (France)

O.S.S. is a 1946 American war spy film directed by Irving Pichel and starring Alan Ladd, Geraldine Fitzgerald and Patric Knowles. Produced and distributed by Paramount Pictures, it portrays the activities of the Office of Strategic Services during World War II. The screenplay was written by Richard Maibaum, a World War II veteran who would later write twelve of the first fifteen James Bond films. Maibaum, a former Broadway actor, also narrates the film.

Plot

John Martin (Ladd) attempts to steal plans for an electric circuit from a plant in Baltimore, Maryland. Caught and arrested for espionage, he is turned over to the Office of Strategic Services, which is training a group of new recruits by sending them on test missions.

Along with three other men, Gates, Parker and Bernay, and one woman, Elaine Dupree (Fitzgerald), Martin (an assumed name like the others) is sent to France to blow up a railroad tunnel in order to paralyze Axis troops during the Allied invasion. Martin doubts Elaine can work under pressure because she is a woman, but she insists he treat her as any male agent.

During the group's first assignment, at a rural French inn, German agents kill Gates. A meeting of the French maquis is interrupted by German Colonel Paul Meister, who becomes immediately infatuated with Elaine. Elaine sculpts a bust of Meister's head, and when he announces his departure for Normandy on a troop train, she begs him to take her with him. With Martin's help, Elaine makes a duplicate bust and fills it with plastic explosives. She and Martin then blow up the tunnel. After Martin comes back for her under fire, Elaine makes him promise never to jeopardize a mission in order to rescue her.

On foot, they meet Bernay, who is their radio contact with the O.S.S. As the Allies break through at Normandy, Elaine and Martin make a deal with Amadeus Brink, an officer of the Gestapo, who hopes to secure his safety and a small fortune. Brink removes Martin and Elaine's "wanted" file from the Gestapo sector headquarters and arranges for his cousin, a courier, to hand over a diplomatic pouch to Bernay for photocopying. Bernay places the negative in the lining of Martin's hat. Against Brink's advice, Bernay radios a final message that the Nazis have broken one of the O.S.S. secret codes. Bernay is gunned down, and Martin and Elaine are questioned by the Gestapo, but are released before Meister catches Brink with their file papers.

Martin and Elaine are about to board a plane to safety when they are asked to complete one last mission. They must contact Parker, who is on assignment near the Rhine. At a farmhouse, Elaine is accosted by a group of drunken German soldiers. Parker, hiding among them, gives Elaine the Germans' troop dispositions. Martin leaves the farmhouse to radio in the positions. While he is gone, Meister arrests Elaine.

As the American troops advance through France, Brady tells Martin that Elaine's real name was Ellen Rogers, and he imagines that she might have been the girl next door in his hometown.

Cast

Alan Ladd as Philip Masson / John Martin
Geraldine Fitzgerald as Ellen Rogers / Elaine Dupree
Patric Knowles as Cmdr Brady
John Hoyt as Col. Paul Meister
Gloria Saunders as WAC Operator Sparky
Richard Webb as Parker
Richard Benedict as Bernay
Harold Vermilyea as Amadeus Brink
Don Beddoe as Gates
Onslow Stevens as Field
Gavin Muir as Col. Crawson
Egon Brecher as Marcel Aubert
Joseph Crehan as Gen. Donovan
Bobby Driscoll as Gerard
Julia Dean as Madame Prideaux
Crane Whitley as Arnheim
Dorothy Adams as Claudette
John Maxwell as LaFevre
James Westerfield as Det. Roberts
Edward Harvey as Williams
Catherine Craig as Williams' Secretary
Suzanne Ridgway as Cafe Patron

Production

Richard Maibaum had just served four years in the army. He returned to Paramount, where he had been a screenwriter, and became a producer. He was assigned the job of writing and producing O.S.S. "Every studio in Hollywood was racing to come out with the first OSS film," says Maibaum. "When I was in Washington I knew some of the OSS people so I had a head start on the subject."^[3]

The studio had hoped to cast Sterling Hayden who had served in the OSS in real life. However he was still in uniform in early 1946 so the film was assigned to Alan Ladd, whose casting was announced in January 1946. It was one of three movies being made about the OSS in Hollywood around this time, the others being 13 Rue Madeleine and Cloak and Dagger.^[4]^[5] This resulted in filming taking place in extreme secrecy.

Shooting ended in March and the film was rushed into release.^[6] O.S.S. was the first of the three films to reach cinemas.^[7] "People had warned me about Alan and his wife Sue saying they were tough to work with but we got along marvellously," said Maibaum.^[8]

Director Pichel would later be blacklisted by the House Un-American Activities Committee.

Reception

According to Maibaum the film "reaped substantial profits".^[8]

Maibaum and Ladd later collaborated on another OSS-related film, Captain Carey, U.S.A..

Radio adaptation

O.S.S. was presented on Lux Radio Theatre November 18, 1946. The adaptation starred Ladd and Veronica Lake.^[9]^[10]

References

^ "60 Top Grossers of 1946", Variety 8 January 1947 p8
^ French box office of 1947 at Box Office Story
^ Maibaum p.280
^ By Way of Report: Presented by the Royal Air Force By A.H. Wwiler. The New York Times, 03 Mar 1946: X3.
^ Paramount's 'OSS' To Star Alan Ladd: Film Is One of Three by Major Studios on Same Subject-- Four Arrivals in Week Of Local Origin Special to The New York Times. The New York Times, 07 Jan 1946: 16.
^ Article 3 -- No Title: Not-So-Secret Only the Title Remains Hollywood - Chapter II Continued Next Week Frend and Spurs By Fred Stanley. New York Times, 31 Mar 1946: 49.
^ By Way of Report: Fox Drops OSS From '13 Rue Madeleine' --Metro to Reissue Old Hits--Addenda Up for Reissue Kilroy Turns Critic A Trend? By Thomas M. Pryor. The New York Times, 25 Aug 1946: 52.
^ ^a ^b 'Great Gatsby' Employs Two Generations of Farrows: 'Gatsby' Employs Farrow Family Maibaum, Richard. Los Angeles Times, 15 July 1973: p.14.
^ "Those Were the Days". Nostalgia Digest. 41 (2): 32–41. Spring 2015.
^ Vagg, Stephen (11 February 2020). "The Cinema of Veronica Lake". Diabolique Magazine.

Maibaum, Richard, Backstory: Interviews with Screenwriters of Hollywood's Golden Age, 1986

External links

[1] "60 Top Grossers of 1946", Variety 8 January 1947 p8

[2] French box office of 1947 at Box Office Story

[3] Maibaum p.280

[4] By Way of Report: Presented by the Royal Air Force By A.H. Wwiler. The New York Times, 03 Mar 1946: X3.

[5] Paramount's 'OSS' To Star Alan Ladd: Film Is One of Three by Major Studios on Same Subject-- Four Arrivals in Week Of Local Origin Special to The New York Times. The New York Times, 07 Jan 1946: 16.

[6] Article 3 -- No Title: Not-So-Secret Only the Title Remains Hollywood - Chapter II Continued Next Week Frend and Spurs By Fred Stanley. New York Times, 31 Mar 1946: 49.

[7] By Way of Report: Fox Drops OSS From '13 Rue Madeleine' --Metro to Reissue Old Hits--Addenda Up for Reissue Kilroy Turns Critic A Trend? By Thomas M. Pryor. The New York Times, 25 Aug 1946: 52.

[richard-8] 'Great Gatsby' Employs Two Generations of Farrows: 'Gatsby' Employs Farrow Family Maibaum, Richard. Los Angeles Times, 15 July 1973: p.14.

[9] "Those Were the Days". Nostalgia Digest. 41 (2): 32–41. Spring 2015.

[10] Vagg, Stephen (11 February 2020). "The Cinema of Veronica Lake". Diabolique Magazine.

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