Nymphaea atrans
| Nymphaea atrans | |
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| Flowering Nymphaea atrans in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Order: | Nymphaeales |
| Family: | Nymphaeaceae |
| Genus: | Nymphaea |
| Species: | N. atrans
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| Binomial name | |
| Nymphaea atrans S.W.L.Jacobs[2]
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| Nymphaea atrans is endemic to Queensland, Australia[2] | |
Nymphaea atrans is a species of waterlily is endemic to Queensland, Australia.[2]
Description
[edit]Vegetative characteristics
[edit]Nymphaea atrans is a perennial plant with vertical, short, and swollen rhizomes. The leaf blades with toothed margins of 2mm long, regularly spaced teeth may reach 40 cm in width. The base of the petiole is winged.[3]
Generative characteristics
[edit]The flowers may rise up to 40 cm above the water level.[3] Over time, the colour of Nymphaea atrans flowers shifts from blue and white to a deep pink.[4][5] Each flower has ca. 300 stamens with 14 mm long, cylindrical to membranous filaments. The anthers, typically featuring a small hooked apical appendage, can reach up to 10 mm in length.[3]
Cytology
[edit]The nuclear genome size is 1408.32 Mb, and the chromosome count is n = 42.[6] The chloroplast genome is 160,990 bp long.[7]
Reproduction
[edit]Generative reproduction
[edit]Flowering occurs from July to November.[3]
Natural hybridisation
[edit]Natural hybrids of Nymphaea atrans with Nymphaea immutabilis with reduced fertility have been reported from areas of sympatric occurrence.[8] Apart from the reduced fertility, the hybrids can be identified through the lighter pink colouration of older flowers, as they do not darken to the darker shades found in Nymphaea atrans.[3] It was reported that in one hybrid population most individuals do not exhibit the characteristic shift in floral colouration. Additionally, even those that do exhibit this characteristic shift do not reliably produce offspring with the same trait from seed.[9]
Taxonomy
[edit]It was first described by Surrey Wilfrid Laurance Jacobs in 1992.[2]
Type specimen
[edit]The type specimen was collected by Surrey Wilfrid Laurance Jacobs and J. Clarkson along the Bathurst Bay road north of Wakooka in Queensland, Australia on the 31st of July 1987.[3]
Placement within Nymphaea
[edit]It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Anecphya.[8][7]
It is close to Nymphaea immutabilis. Despite morphological differences, a molecular study was unable to differentiate both species based on the nuclear marker ITS, as well as the chloroplast marker trnT-trnF.[10]
Etymology
[edit]The specific epithet atrans is derived from the Latin "atrans", meaning darkening, which references the shift of floral colouration from blue and white to a deep pink in ageing flowers.[3]
Conservation
[edit]The NCA status of Nymphaea atrans is Special Least Concern.[1]
Ecology
[edit]Habitat
[edit]It occurs in the Cape York Peninsula of northern Queensland, Australia.[11] It occurs in Billabongs, lakes, and former pastoral dams on floodplains.[3]
Cultivation
[edit]Because of its outstanding, showy ornamental qualities, this species is grown in waterscape gardens globally and is well-suited for use as display plants in water gardens.[7][11][12] It has been used in the creation of several new Nymphaea hybrids.[13]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Queensland Government. (2022, March 8). Species profile — Nymphaea atrans. Retrieved December 26, 2023, from https://apps.des.qld.gov.au/species-search/details/?id=7969
- ^ a b c d "Nymphaea atrans S.W.L.Jacobs". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Jacobs, S. W. L. (1992). "New species, lectotypes and synonyms of Australasian Nymphaea (Nymphaeaceae)." Telopea, 4(4), 635-641.
- ^ Standley, L. A. (1998). NEBC MEETING NEWS. Rhodora, 100(901), 92–95. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23313273
- ^ Gilman, A. V., & Padgett, D. J. (2002). NEBC MEETING NEWS. Rhodora, 104(920), 434–438. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23313515
- ^ Chen, F., Liu, X., Yu, C., Chen, Y., Tang, H., & Zhang, L. (2017). "Water lilies as emerging models for Darwin’s abominable mystery." Horticulture research, 4.
- ^ a b c Wei, Q., Liu, A. C., Chen, C., Lu, Y., Zhang, Y., & Li, S. J. (2023). "The complete chloroplast genome of Nymphaea atrans (Surrey Wilfrid Laurance Jacobs, 1992: Nymphaeaceae)." Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 8(3), 430-433.
- ^ a b Borsch, T., Hilu, K. W., Wiersema, J. H., Löhne, C., Barthlott, W., & Wilde, V. (2007). Phylogeny of Nymphaea (Nymphaeaceae): Evidence from Substitutions and Microstructural Changes in the Chloroplast trnT‐trnF Region. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 168(5), 639–671. https://doi.org/10.1086/513476
- ^ Magdalena, C. (2009, November). New Species and Hybrids for the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. WGI Online Journal. Retrieved December 26, 2023, from http://www.watergardenersinternational.org/journal/4-4/carlos/gallery1.html
- ^ Löhne, C., Borsch, T., Jacobs, S. W., Hellquist, C. B., & Wiersema, J. H. (2008). "Nuclear and plastid DNA sequences reveal complex reticulate patterns in Australian water-lilies (Nymphaea subgenus Anecphya, Nymphaeaceae)." Australian Systematic Botany, 21(4), 229-250.
- ^ a b Hedemark, N. (2010, May). Nymphaea subgenus Anecphya What We Know Today. WGI Online Journal. Retrieved December 26, 2023, from http://www.watergardenersinternational.org/journal/5-2/nimai/page1.html
- ^ Singapore Government. (n.d.). Nymphaea atrans S.W.L.Jacobs. NParks Flora & Fauna Web. Retrieved December 26, 2023, from https://www.nparks.gov.sg/florafaunaweb/flora/8/7/8731
- ^ Parents for Nymphaea hybrids - IWGS Plant Database. (n.d.). Retrieved December 26, 2023, from https://plants.iwgs.org/Home/FertilityList